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Unal S, Feller R, Stadhouder A, Heineman D, Jiya TU, van Dorp M, Bahce I, Braun J, Senan S, Dahele M, Dickhoff C. Superior Sulcus Tumors Invading the Spine: Multimodal Treatment Outcomes From the Preimmunotherapy Era. JTO Clin Res Rep 2023; 4:100582. [PMID: 38046379 PMCID: PMC10689281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2023.100582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Curative-intent treatment of superior sulcus tumors (SSTs) of the lung invading the spine presents considerable challenges. We retrospectively studied outcomes in a single center, uniformly staged patient cohort treated with induction concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection (trimodality therapy). Methods An institutional surgical database from the period between 2002 and 2021 was accessed to identify SSTs in which the resection included removal of at least part of the vertebral body. All patients were staged using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (/computed tomography), computed tomography scan of the chest/upper abdomen, and brain imaging. Surgical morbidity was assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification. Overall and disease-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 18 patients were included: 8 complete and 10 partial vertebrectomies were performed, with six of the eight complete vertebrectomies involving two vertebral levels, resulting in Complete surgical resection (R0) in 94%. Nine patients had a 1-day procedure, and nine were staged over 2 days. The median follow-up was 30 months (interquartile range 11-57). The 90-day postoperative morbidity was 44% (grade III/IV), with no 90-day surgery-related mortality. There were 83% who had a major pathologic response, associated with improved survival (p = 0.044). The 5-year overall and disease-free survival were 55% and 40%, respectively. Disease progression occurred in 10 patients, comprising locoregional recurrences in two and distant metastases in eight patients. Conclusions Multimodality treatment in selected patients with a superior sulcus tumor invading the spine is safe and results in good survival. Such patients should be referred to expert centers. Future research should focus on improving distant control (e.g. [neo]adjuvant immunotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih Unal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo Feller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Agnita Stadhouder
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David.J. Heineman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martijn van Dorp
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Idris Bahce
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerry Braun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suresh Senan
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max Dahele
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Dickhoff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ashrafi A, Ding L, Atay SM, Wightman SC, Harano T, Kim AW. Delays to surgery and worse outcomes: The compounding effects of social determinants of health in non-small cell lung cancer. JTCVS OPEN 2023; 15:468-478. [PMID: 37808033 PMCID: PMC10556947 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective To quantify the compounding effects of social determinants of health on time to surgery (T2S) and clinical outcomes. Methods The National Cancer Database was queried for treatment-naïve patients with cT1-4N0-1M0 non-small cell lung cancer undergoing (bi)lobectomy or pneumonectomy between 2006 and 2016 with 1 to 180 days T2S, the number of days between diagnosis and surgery; surgical delays were defined as statistically significant increased T2S compared with a reference cohort. Social determinants of health factors prognostic for surgical delays were identified using multivariable regression. The 30-/90-day mortality and 5-year survival estimates were calculated using logistic and Cox regressions, respectively. Results In total, 110,005 patients met inclusionary criteria. Multivariable analysis identified race, insurance, and facility type as factors with significant 3-way interaction: T2S of one depended on the others. Income and education also contributed to delays. Privately insured (private) non-Hispanic White patients at academic medical centers (AMCs) were the reference with T2S of 44.1 days. At AMCs, private Black patients had significant delays to surgery (54.7 days; P < .0001), as did Medicaid and uninsured Black patients (58.5 days; P < .0001, 59.4 days; P < .0001, respectively). The 15-day surgical delays were associated with statistically significant 5% increased 30-day mortality odds (confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.08), 6% increased 90-day mortality odds (CI, 1.04-1.08), and 4% decrease in hazard of death at 5 years (CI, 1.04-1.05). Conclusions In treatment-naïve patients with cT1-4N0-1M0 non-small cell lung cancer, Black race, Medicaid, uninsured status, and AMCs generate compounding surgical delays with increased 30-/90-day mortality and decreased 5-year survival. Thoracic surgeons can leverage these facility and demographic-specific insights to standardize time to surgery and begin mitigating underlying disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Ashrafi
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Scott M. Atay
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Sean C. Wightman
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Takashi Harano
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Anthony W. Kim
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
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Long-Term Outcomes After Chemoradiotherapy and Surgery for Superior Sulcus Tumors. JTO Clin Res Rep 2023; 4:100475. [PMID: 36969550 PMCID: PMC10031478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2023.100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Superior sulcus tumors (SSTs) are uncommon, and their anatomical location can make treatment challenging. We analyzed late outcomes of patients with SST treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection (trimodality) in a single tertiary institution. Methods Patients with non-small cell SSTs, who underwent trimodality therapy between 2002 and 2017, were selected from a prospective institutional surgical database. Patients were uniformly staged with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography, computed tomography scan of the chest and upper abdomen, and brain imaging. Patients undergoing resection of the lung plus chest wall were grouped as limited SST and those needing extensive resections (e.g., including the vertebral body) as extended SST. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to determine difference in survival. Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify prognostic factors. Results A total of 123 patients were identified with a median follow-up of 4.9 years (interquartile range: 1.6-8.9 y). The 90-day postoperative mortality and morbidity (Clavien-Dindo grades III-V) were 6.5% and 21.1%, respectively. Patients with a radical resection (R0: 92.7%) had better survival (p = 0.002), as did those who had major pathologic response (73%) (p = 0.001). Ten-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival were 48.1% and 42.6%, respectively. There were no differences in 90-day mortality (p = 0.31) and OS (p = 0.79) between extended SST and limited SST patients. Conclusions In patients with SST, trimodality resulted in a 10-year estimated OS and disease-free survival of 48.1% and 42.6%, respectively, which were improved after radical resection (R0) and major pathologic response. Survival for limited and extended resections was comparable, and distant relapse was the main pattern of failure. Better systemic treatments are therefore needed.
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Blum TG, Morgan RL, Durieux V, Chorostowska-Wynimko J, Baldwin DR, Boyd J, Faivre-Finn C, Galateau-Salle F, Gamarra F, Grigoriu B, Hardavella G, Hauptmann M, Jakobsen E, Jovanovic D, Knaut P, Massard G, McPhelim J, Meert AP, Milroy R, Muhr R, Mutti L, Paesmans M, Powell P, Putora PM, Rawlinson J, Rich AL, Rigau D, de Ruysscher D, Sculier JP, Schepereel A, Subotic D, Van Schil P, Tonia T, Williams C, Berghmans T. European Respiratory Society guideline on various aspects of quality in lung cancer care. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:13993003.03201-2021. [PMID: 36396145 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.03201-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This European Respiratory Society guideline is dedicated to the provision of good quality recommendations in lung cancer care. All the clinical recommendations contained were based on a comprehensive systematic review and evidence syntheses based on eight PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions. The evidence was appraised in compliance with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. Evidence profiles and the GRADE Evidence to Decision frameworks were used to summarise results and to make the decision-making process transparent. A multidisciplinary Task Force panel of lung cancer experts formulated and consented the clinical recommendations following thorough discussions of the systematic review results. In particular, we have made recommendations relating to the following quality improvement measures deemed applicable to routine lung cancer care: 1) avoidance of delay in the diagnostic and therapeutic period, 2) integration of multidisciplinary teams and multidisciplinary consultations, 3) implementation of and adherence to lung cancer guidelines, 4) benefit of higher institutional/individual volume and advanced specialisation in lung cancer surgery and other procedures, 5) need for pathological confirmation of lesions in patients with pulmonary lesions and suspected lung cancer, and histological subtyping and molecular characterisation for actionable targets or response to treatment of confirmed lung cancers, 6) added value of early integration of palliative care teams or specialists, 7) advantage of integrating specific quality improvement measures, and 8) benefit of using patient decision tools. These recommendations should be reconsidered and updated, as appropriate, as new evidence becomes available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Gerriet Blum
- Department of Pneumology, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, HELIOS Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Valérie Durieux
- Bibliothèque des Sciences de la Santé, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko
- Department of Genetics and Clinical Immunology, National Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David R Baldwin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Corinne Faivre-Finn
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester and The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Bogdan Grigoriu
- Intensive Care and Oncological Emergencies and Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Centre des Tumeurs de l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Georgia Hardavella
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, King's College Hospital London, London, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Hauptmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Registry Research, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - Erik Jakobsen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Paul Knaut
- Department of Pneumology, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, HELIOS Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilbert Massard
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg and Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hôpitaux Robert Schuman, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - John McPhelim
- Lung Cancer Nurse Specialist, Hairmyres Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Anne-Pascale Meert
- Intensive Care and Oncological Emergencies and Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Centre des Tumeurs de l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robert Milroy
- Scottish Lung Cancer Forum, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Riccardo Muhr
- Department of Pneumology, Lungenklinik Heckeshorn, HELIOS Klinikum Emil von Behring, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luciano Mutti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- SHRO/Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marianne Paesmans
- Data Centre, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Martin Putora
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Anna L Rich
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - David Rigau
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dirk de Ruysscher
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro Clinic), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Sculier
- Intensive Care and Oncological Emergencies and Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Centre des Tumeurs de l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Schepereel
- Pulmonary and Thoracic Oncology, Université de Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Dragan Subotic
- Clinic for Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paul Van Schil
- Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Thomy Tonia
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Thierry Berghmans
- Thoracic Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Centre des Tumeurs de l'Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Wang JC, Ding L, David EA, Atay SM, Wightman SC, McFadden PM, Harano T, Kim AW. Adhering to guideline concordant care improves survival among the different subtypes of T3 N2 non–small cell lung cancer. JTCVS OPEN 2022; 10:384-392. [PMID: 36004267 PMCID: PMC9390621 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objectives T3 disease comprises heterogeneous morphologic characteristics, a variation only further complicated when in the context of N2-confirmed involvement. This study aims to examine whether or not specific features of T3 N2 non–small cell lung cancer are associated with improved 5-year overall survival when using a multimodal therapeutic approach consistent with guideline recommendations compared with definitive surgery alone. Methods Patients with pathologic T3 N2 non–small cell lung cancer were identified in the National Cancer Database. Therapy modality, as defined by surgery alone versus surgery with adjuvant therapy, and T3 disease descriptors were compared for differences in 5-year overall survival using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. Multivariable Cox regression was used to determine prognostic factors for survival. Results A total of 1924 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 80.0% (n = 1539) received adjuvant chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy following surgery and 20.0% (n = 385) underwent definitive surgery alone. Patients in the 2 cohorts differed significantly in age, race, insurance status, and Charlson-Deyo score (P < .05). The overall survival for patients who underwent surgery followed by chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy compared with those who underwent surgery alone was 31.7% and 11.1%, respectively (P < .0001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated a lower risk of death with multimodal therapeutic intervention compared with surgery alone for patients with disease marked by chest wall invasion, additional ipsilateral pulmonary nodules, tumor size, and the presence of multiple T3 features. Conclusions The utilization of a multimodal approach to treating pathologic T3 N2 NSCLC, compared with surgery alone, is associated with superior overall survival and lower risk of death for many subtypes of T3 disease.
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Thoracic Surgery in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Novel Approach to Reach Guideline Consensus. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132769. [PMID: 34202563 PMCID: PMC8269029 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic challenges international and national healthcare systems. In the field of thoracic surgery, procedures may be deferred due to mandatory constraints of the access to diagnostics, staff and follow-up facilities. There is a lack of prospective data on the management of benign and malignant thoracic conditions in the pandemic. Therefore, we derived recommendations from 14 thoracic societies to address key questions on the topic of COVID-19 in the field of thoracic surgery. Respective recommendations were extracted and the degree of consensus among different organizations was calculated. A high degree of consensus was found to temporarily suspend non-critical elective procedures or procedures for benign conditions and to prioritize patients with symptomatic or advanced cancer. Prior to hospitalization, patients should be screened for respiratory symptoms indicating possible COVID-19 infection and most societies recommended to screen all patients for COVID-19 prior to admission. There was a weak consensus on the usage of serology tests and CT scans for COVID-19 diagnostics. Nearly all societies suggested to postpone elective procedures in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 and recommended constant reevaluation of these patients. Additionally, we summarized recommendations focusing on precautions in the theater and the management of chest drains. This study provides a novel approach to informed guidance for thoracic surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic in the absence of scientific evidence-based data.
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Heiden BT, Eaton DB, Engelhardt KE, Chang SH, Yan Y, Patel MR, Kreisel D, Nava RG, Meyers BF, Kozower BD, Puri V. Analysis of Delayed Surgical Treatment and Oncologic Outcomes in Clinical Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2111613. [PMID: 34042991 PMCID: PMC8160592 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The association between delayed surgical treatment and oncologic outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poorly understood given that prior studies have used imprecise definitions for the date of cancer diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To use a uniform method to quantify surgical treatment delay and to examine its association with several oncologic outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study was conducted using a novel data set from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system. Included patients had clinical stage I NSCLC and were undergoing resection from 2006 to 2016 within the VHA system. Time to surgical treatment (TTS) was defined as the time between preoperative diagnostic computed tomography imaging and surgical treatment. We evaluated the association between TTS and several delay-associated outcomes using restricted cubic spline functions. Data analyses were performed in November 2021. EXPOSURE Wait time between cancer diagnosis and surgical treatment (ie, TTS). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Several delay-associated oncologic outcomes, including pathologic upstaging, resection with positive margins, and recurrence, were assessed. We also assessed overall survival. RESULTS Among 9904 patients who underwent surgical treatment for clinical stage I NSCLC, 9539 (96.3%) were men, 4972 individuals (50.5%) were currently smoking, and the mean (SD) age was 67.7 (7.9) years. The mean (SD) TTS was 70.1 (38.6) days. TTS was not associated with increased risk of pathologic upstaging or positive margins. Recurrence was detected in 4158 patients (42.0%) with median (interquartile range) follow-up of 6.15 (2.51-11.51) years. Factors associated with increased risk of recurrence included younger age (hazard ratio [HR] for every 1-year increase in age, 0.992; 95% CI, 0.987-0.997; P = .003), higher Charlson Comorbidity Index score (HR for every 1-unit increase in composite score, 1.055; 95% CI, 1.037-1.073; P < .001), segmentectomy (HR vs lobectomy, 1.352; 95% CI, 1.179-1.551; P < .001) or wedge resection (HR vs lobectomy, 1.282; 95% CI, 1.179-1.394; P < .001), larger tumor size (eg, 31-40 mm vs <10 mm; HR, 1.209; 95% CI, 1.051-1.390; P = .008), higher tumor grade (eg, II vs I; HR, 1.210; 95% CI, 1.085-1.349; P < .001), lower number of lymph nodes examined (eg, ≥10 vs <10; HR, 0.866; 95% CI, 0.803-0.933; P < .001), higher pathologic stage (III vs I; HR, 1.571; 95% CI, 1.351-1.837; P < .001), and longer TTS, with increasing risk after 12 weeks. For each week of surgical delay beyond 12 weeks, the hazard for recurrence increased by 0.4% (HR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.001-1.006; P = .002). Factors associated with delayed surgical treatment included African American race (odds ratio [OR] vs White race, 1.267; 95% CI, 1.112-1.444; P < .001), higher area deprivation index [ADI] score (OR for every 1 unit increase in ADI score, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.002-1.007; P = .002), lower hospital case load (OR for every 1-unit increase in case load, 0.998; 95% CI, 0.998-0.999; P = .001), and year of diagnosis, with less recent procedures more likely to have delay (OR for each additional year, 0.900; 95% CI, 0.884-0.915; P < .001). Patients with surgical treatment within 12 weeks of diagnosis had significantly better overall survival than those with procedures delayed more than 12 weeks (HR, 1.132; 95% CI, 1.064-1.204; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Using a more precise definition for TTS, this study found that surgical procedures delayed more than 12 weeks were associated with increased risk of recurrence and worse survival. These findings suggest that patients with clinical stage I NSCLC should undergo expeditious treatment within that time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan T. Heiden
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Kathryn E. Engelhardt
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
| | - Su-Hsin Chang
- VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
| | - Yan Yan
- VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Daniel Kreisel
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
- VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Ruben G. Nava
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
- VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Bryan F. Meyers
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
| | - Benjamin D. Kozower
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
| | - Varun Puri
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, Missouri
- VA St Louis Health Care System, St Louis, Missouri
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Kiong KL, Yao CMKL, Lin FY, Bell D, Ferrarotto R, Weber RS, Lewis CM. Delay to surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma affects oncologic outcomes. Cancer 2021; 127:1984-1992. [PMID: 33631040 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is used in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for downstaging advanced disease and decreasing distant metastasis (DM). To the authors' knowledge, no study has specifically examined the impact of a delayed time to surgery (TTS) after NAC on oncologic outcomes. They thus aimed to identify a cutoff for TTS after NAC and its effect on survival indices. METHODS This was a retrospective review of all patients with HNSCC receiving NAC followed by surgery with curative intent between March 2016 and March 2019 at the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to identify a cutoff for TTS, and this cutoff was used to analyze the overall survival (OS), locoregional recurrence rate, DM-free rate, and disease-free survival (DFS). A multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed. RESULTS One hundred one patients were analyzed with a median follow-up of 24.7 months. The 3-year OS and locoregional recurrence rates did not differ with a TTS ≥ 34 days. However, the 3-year DM-free rate was significantly worse (56% vs 90%; P = .001) in the group with a TTS ≥ 34 days, and the 3-year DFS was significantly lower (26% vs 64%; P = .006). In a multivariate analysis, a TTS ≥ 34 days (hazard ratio [HR], 4.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.84-13.13) and extracapsular extension (HR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.13-8.00) were significant independent predictors of a poorer DM-free rate. Weight loss > 10% (HR, 5.53; 95% CI, 1.02-30.24) was the only independent predictor for a TTS ≥ 34 days. CONCLUSIONS Emphasis should be placed on early definitive locoregional treatment after NAC, particularly in patients who do not respond to NAC. There is a need to validate these findings and establish new benchmarks for the interval between NAC and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley L Kiong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher M K L Yao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fang-Yu Lin
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Diana Bell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Renata Ferrarotto
- Department of Thoracic Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Randal S Weber
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carol M Lewis
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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de Groot EM, Goense L, Ruurda JP, van Hillegersberg R. State of the art in esophagectomy: robotic assistance in the abdominal phase. Updates Surg 2020; 73:823-830. [PMID: 33382446 PMCID: PMC8184533 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-020-00937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, robot-assisted esophagectomy gained popularity. The current literature focused mainly on robotic assistance in the thoracic phase, whereas the implementation of robotic assistance in the abdominal phase is lagging behind. Advantages of adding a robotic system to the abdominal phase include robotic stapling and the increased surgeon's independency. In terms of short-term outcomes and lymphadenectomy, robotic assistance is at least equal to laparoscopy. Yet high quality evidence to conclude on this topic remains scarce. This review focuses on the evidence of robotic assistance in the abdominal phase of esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M de Groot
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, POBOX 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Lucas Goense
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, POBOX 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle P Ruurda
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, POBOX 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard van Hillegersberg
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, POBOX 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The outcomes of patients treated on the COVID-minimal pathway were evaluated during a period of surging COVID-19 hospital admissions, to determine the safety of continuing to perform urgent operations during the pandemic. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Crucial treatments were delayed for many patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, over concerns for hospital-acquired COVID-19 infections. To protect cancer patients whose survival depended on timely surgery, a "COVID-minimal pathway" was created. METHODS Patients who underwent a surgical procedure on the pathway between April and May 2020 were evaluated. The "COVID-minimal surgical pathway" consisted of: (A) evolving best-practices in COVID-19 transmission-reduction, (B) screening patients and staff, (C) preoperative COVID-19 patient testing, (D) isolating pathway patients from COVID-19 patients. Patient status through 2 weeks from discharge was determined as a reflection of hospital-acquired COVID-19 infections. RESULTS After implementation, pathway screening processes excluded 7 COVID-19-positive people from interacting with pathway (4 staff and 3 patients). Overall, 122 patients underwent 125 procedures on pathway, yielding 83 admissions (42 outpatient procedures). The median age was 64 (56-79) and 57% of patients were female. The most common surgical indications were cancer affecting the uterus, genitourinary tract, colon, lung or head and neck. The median length of admission was 3 days (1-6). Repeat COVID-19 testing performed on 27 patients (all negative), including 9 patients evaluated in an emergency room and 8 readmitted patients. In the postoperative period, no patient developed a COVID-19 infection. CONCLUSIONS A COVID-minimal pathway comprised of physical space modifications and operational changes may allow urgent cancer treatment to safely continue during the COVID-19 pandemic, even during the surge-phase.
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11
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Yang ZR, Liu MN, Yu JH, Yang YH, Chen TX, Han YC, Zhu L, Zhao JK, Fu XL, Cai XW. Treatment of stage III non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy: pathological complete response to neoadjuvant pembrolizumab and chemotherapy. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2020; 9:2059-2073. [PMID: 33209626 PMCID: PMC7653116 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. The expected 5-year survival of stage III NSCLC ranges from 13% to 36% for stage III. Due to the heterogeneity and poor efficacy of stage III patients, there is great controversy on how to optimize the therapy strategy. Immunotherapy is providing better clinical efficacy to more NSCLC patients, and is rapidly extending its range of care from advanced stage to locally advanced stage and early stage NSCLC. Due to the patient’s strong treatment intention, drug availability, and a few encouraging results from clinical trials (NADIM, NCT02716038, etc.), the authors observed a case of stage III NSCLC that achieved complete remission after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy. In view of such a satisfactory result in neoadjuvant therapy, this article discusses how comprehensive treatment for stage III NSCLC patients may be conducted and the manner in which various therapeutic techniques can be mastered in the era of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has opened the exploratory space for finding resolutions to numerous challenges of treating stage III NSCLC. Further clinical studies and exploration of personalized treatment, guided by imaging data, and clinical and pathological biomarkers are imperative for the benefit of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Ru Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi-Na Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Hua Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Hai Yang
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Xiang Chen
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Chen Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Kai Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Long Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Wei Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Kidane B, Spicer J, Kim JO, Fiset PO, Abdulkarim B, Malthaner R, Palma D. SABR-BRIDGE: Stereotactic ABlative Radiotherapy Before Resection to Avo Id Delay for Early-Stage Lun G Cancer or Oligom Ets During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Oncol 2020; 10:580189. [PMID: 33072612 PMCID: PMC7544973 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.580189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical resection is the standard-of-care approach for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surgery is also considered an acceptable standard infit patients with oligometastatic lesions in the lungs. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to worldwide issues with access to operating room time, with patients and physicians facing uncertainty as to when surgical resection will be available, with likely delays of months. Further compounding this are concerns about increased risks of respiratory complications with lung cancer surgery during active phases of the pandemic. In this setting, many thoracic oncology teams are embracing a paradigm where stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is used as a bridge, to provide radical-intent treatment based on a combination of immediate SABR followed by planned surgery in 3–6 months. This pragmatic approach to treatment has been named SABR-BRIDGE (Stereotactic ABlative Radiotherapy Before Resection to avoId Delay for early-stage lunG cancer or oligomEts). This term has also been applied to the pragmatic study of the outcomes of this approach. In this paper, we discuss the standards of care in treatment of early-stage (NSCLC) and pulmonary oligometastases, the impetus for the SABR-BRIDGE approach, and the controversies surrounding assessment of pathological response to neo-adjuvant radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biniam Kidane
- Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jonathan Spicer
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julian O Kim
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Bassam Abdulkarim
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, McGill University and Cedars Cancer Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard Malthaner
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - David Palma
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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13
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Bertolaccini L, Spaggiari L. Opening and closing the doors of the lockdown in Italy without forgetting lung cancer patients. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2020; 31:339-341. [PMID: 32728692 PMCID: PMC7454575 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread to more than 200 countries all around the world, which are facing challenges in controlling its spread. The Italian Government initiated an unprecedented public health intervention to contain the epidemic by shutting down all people movements. Two weeks after the start of the lockdown period, the daily rate of patient admissions to hospitals significantly decreased. After 2 months, the quarantine progressively came to an end. A practical issue at this time is when and how the lockdown interventions should be relaxed since, without an effective vaccine, the general public still remains vulnerable. However, patient should not be placed at an increased risk of dying of lung cancer just to avoid COVID-19. Attention must be paid to all types of cancers and people should not hesitate to go to the hospital to be treated in time. All necessary actions should be taken by hospitals to minimize the risks of potential contagion, by designating differentiated routes and areas for patients potentially affected by COVID-19, while maintaining the highest standard of oncological care. If this 'cancer amnesia' situation persists, the mortality from lung neoplasms would far exceed that directly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bertolaccini
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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14
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Gonfiotti A, Gatteschi L, Salvicchi A, Bongiolatti S, Lavorini F, Voltolini L. Clinical courses and outcomes of five patients with primary lung cancer surgically treated while affected by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2020; 58:598-604. [PMID: 32856063 PMCID: PMC7499669 DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaa233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is currently a lack of clinical data on the novel beta-coronavirus infection [caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] and concomitant primary lung cancer. Our goal was to report our experiences with 5 patients treated for lung cancer while infected with SARS-CoV-2. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated 5 adult patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted to our thoracic surgery unit between 29 January 2020 and 4 March 2020 for surgical treatment of a primary lung cancer. Clinical data and outcomes are reported. RESULTS All patients were men with a mean age of 74.0 years (range 67-80). Four of the 5 patients (80%) reported chronic comorbidities. Surgery comprised minimally invasive lobectomy (2 patients) and segmentectomy (1 patient), lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection (1 patient) and pneumonectomy (1 patient). Mean chest drain duration was 12.4 days (range 8-22); mean hospital stay was 33.8 days (range 21-60). SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms were fever (3 patients), persistent cough (3 patients), diarrhoea (2 patients) and syncope (2 patients); 1 patient reported no symptoms. Morbidity related to surgery was 60%; 30-day mortality was 40%. Two patients (1 with a right pneumonectomy, 74 years old; 1 with a lobectomy with chest wall resection and reconstruction, 70 years old), developed SARS-CoV-2-related lung failure leading to death 60 and 32 days after surgery, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lung cancer surgery may represent a high-risk factor for developing a severe case of coronavirus disease 2019, particularly in patients with advanced stages of lung cancer. Additional strategies are needed to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection during treatment for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gonfiotti
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lavinia Gatteschi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Salvicchi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Bongiolatti
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Federico Lavorini
- Respiratory Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Voltolini
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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15
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Dickhoff C, Senan S, Schneiders FL, Veltman J, Hashemi S, Daniels JMA, Fransen M, Heineman DJ, Radonic T, van de Ven PM, Bartelink IH, Meijboom LJ, Garcia-Vallejo JJ, Oprea-Lager DE, de Gruijl TD, Bahce I. Ipilimumab plus nivolumab and chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in patients with resectable and borderline resectable T3-4N0-1 non-small cell lung cancer: the INCREASE trial. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:764. [PMID: 32795284 PMCID: PMC7427738 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The likelihood of a tumor recurrence in patients with T3-4N0–1 non-small cell lung cancer following multimodality treatment remains substantial, mainly due distant metastases. As pathological complete responses (pCR) in resected specimens are seen in only a minority (28–38%) of patients following chemoradiotherapy, we designed the INCREASE trial (EudraCT-Number: 2019–003454-83; Netherlands Trial Register number: NL8435) to assess if pCR rates could be further improved by adding short course immunotherapy to induction chemoradiotherapy. Translational studies will correlate changes in loco-regional and systemic immune status with patterns of recurrence. Methods/design This single-arm, prospective phase II trial will enroll 29 patients with either resectable, or borderline resectable, T3-4N0–1 NSCLC. The protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee. Study enrollment commenced in February 2020. On day 1 of guideline-recommended concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT), ipilimumab (IPI, 1 mg/kg IV) and nivolumab (NIVO, 360 mg flat dose IV) will be administered, followed by nivolumab (360 mg flat dose IV) after 3 weeks. Radiotherapy consists of once-daily doses of 2 Gy to a total of 50 Gy, and chemotherapy will consist of a platinum-doublet. An anatomical pulmonary resection is planned 6 weeks after the last day of radiotherapy. The primary study objective is to establish the safety of adding IPI/NIVO to pre-operative CRT, and its impact on pathological tumor response. Secondary objectives are to assess the impact of adding IPI/NIVO to CRT on disease free and overall survival. Exploratory objectives are to characterize tumor inflammation and the immune contexture in the tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN), and to explore the effects of IPI/NIVO and CRT and surgery on distribution and phenotype of peripheral blood immune subsets. Discussion The INCREASE trial will evaluate the safety and local efficacy of a combination of 4 modalities in patients with resectable, T3-4N0–1 NSCLC. Translational research will investigate the mechanisms of action and drug related adverse events. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Registration (NTR): NL8435, Registered 03 March 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Dickhoff
- Department of Surgery and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Suresh Senan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Famke L Schneiders
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Veltman
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmcCancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sayed Hashemi
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmcCancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes M A Daniels
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmcCancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Fransen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmcCancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David J Heineman
- Department of Surgery and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Teodora Radonic
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M van de Ven
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Imke H Bartelink
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lilian J Meijboom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Juan J Garcia-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daniela E Oprea-Lager
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Cancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Idris Bahce
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmcCancer Center Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Antonoff M, Backhus L, Boffa DJ, Broderick SR, Brown LM, Carrott P, Clark JM, Cooke D, David E, Facktor M, Farjah F, Grogan E, Isbell J, Jones DR, Kidane B, Kim AW, Keshavjee S, Krantz S, Lui N, Martin L, Meguid RA, Meyerson SL, Mullett T, Nelson H, Odell DD, Phillips JD, Puri V, Rusch V, Shulman L, Varghese TK, Wakeam E, Wood DE. COVID-19 guidance for triage of operations for thoracic malignancies: A consensus statement from Thoracic Surgery Outcomes Research Network. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 160:601-605. [PMID: 32689703 PMCID: PMC7146695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The extraordinary demands of managing the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the world's ability to care for patients with thoracic malignancies. As a hospital's COVID-19 population increases and hospital resources are depleted, the ability to provide surgical care is progressively restricted, forcing surgeons to prioritize among their cancer populations. Representatives from multiple cancer, surgical, and research organizations have come together to provide a guide for triaging patients with thoracic malignancies as the impact of COVID-19 evolves as each hospital.
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17
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Antonoff M, Backhus L, Boffa DJ, Broderick SR, Brown LM, Carrott P, Clark JM, Cooke D, David E, Facktor M, Farjah F, Grogan E, Isbell J, Jones DR, Kidane B, Kim AW, Keshavjee S, Krantz S, Lui N, Martin L, Meguid RA, Meyerson SL, Mullett T, Nelson H, Odell DD, Phillips JD, Puri V, Rusch V, Shulman L, Varghese TK, Wakeam E, Wood DE. COVID-19 Guidance for Triage of Operations for Thoracic Malignancies: A Consensus Statement From Thoracic Surgery Outcomes Research Network. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 110:692-696. [PMID: 32278755 PMCID: PMC7146713 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The extraordinary demands of managing the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the world’s ability to care for patients with thoracic malignancies. As a hospital’s COVID-19 population increases and hospital resources are depleted, the ability to provide surgical care is progressively restricted, forcing surgeons to prioritize among their cancer populations. Representatives from multiple cancer, surgical, and research organizations have come together to provide a guide for triaging patients with thoracic malignancies as the impact of COVID-19 evolves as each hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel J. Boffa
- Address correspondence to Dr Boffa, PO Box 208062, New Haven, CT 06520-8062.
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18
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Roy SF, Louie AV, Liberman M, Wong P, Bahig H. Pathologic response after modern radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2019; 8:S124-S134. [PMID: 31673516 PMCID: PMC6795577 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2019.09.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pathologic complete response (pCR) following radiotherapy treatment has been shown to be an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival, progression-free survival and locoregional control. PCR is considered a surrogate to therapeutic efficacy, years before survival data are available, and therefore can be used to guide treatment plans and additional therapeutic interventions post-surgical resection. Given the extensive fibrotic changes induced by radiotherapy in the lung, radiological assessment of response can potentially misrepresent pathologic response. The optimal timing for assessment of pathologic response after conventionally fractionated radiotherapy and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarize recent literature on pathologic response after radiotherapy for early stage and locally advanced NSCLC, we discuss current controversies around radiobiological considerations, and we present upcoming trials that will provide insight into current knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon F. Roy
- Department of Pathology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexander V. Louie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Moishe Liberman
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philip Wong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Houda Bahig
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Lewis J, Gillaspie EA, Osmundson EC, Horn L. Before or After: Evolving Neoadjuvant Approaches to Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2018; 8:5. [PMID: 29410947 PMCID: PMC5787144 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with stage IIIA (N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most challenging and controversial areas of thoracic oncology. This heterogeneous group is characterized by varying tumor size and location, the potential for involvement of surrounding structures, and ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node spread. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, administered prior to definitive local therapy, has been found to improve survival in patients with stage IIIA (N2) NSCLC. Concurrent chemoradiation has also been evaluated in phase III studies in efforts to improve control of locoregional disease. In certain instances, a tri-modality approach involving concurrent chemoradiation followed by surgery, may offer patients the best chance for cure. In this article, we provide an overview of the trials evaluating neoadjuvant therapy in patients with stage IIIA (N2) NSCLC that have resulted in current practice strategies, and we highlight the areas of uncertainty in the management of this challenging disease. We also review the current ongoing research and future directions in the management of stage IIIA (N2) NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lewis
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.,Veterans Health Administration-Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, HSR&D Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Erin A Gillaspie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Evan C Osmundson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Leora Horn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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