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Dominik C, Seppelt R, Horgan FG, Settele J, Václavík T. Landscape heterogeneity filters functional traits of rice arthropods in tropical agroecosystems. Ecol Appl 2022; 32:e2560. [PMID: 35112756 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological control services of agroecosystems depend on the functional diversity of species traits. However, the relationship between arthropod traits and landscape heterogeneity is still poorly understood, especially in tropical rice agroecosystems, which harbor a high diversity of often specialized species. We investigated how landscape heterogeneity, measured by three metrics of landscape composition and configuration, influenced body size, functional group composition, dispersal ability, and vertical distribution of rice arthropods in the Philippines. We found that landscape composition and configuration acted to filter arthropod traits in tropical rice agroecosystems. Landscape diversity and rice habitat fragmentation were the two main gradients influencing rice-arthropod traits, indicating that different rice arthropods have distinct habitat requirements. Whereas small parasitoids and species mostly present in the rice canopy were favored in landscapes with high compositional heterogeneity, predators and medium-sized species occupying the base of the rice plant, including planthoppers, mostly occurred in highly fragmented rice habitats. We demonstrate the importance of landscape heterogeneity as an ecological filter for rice arthropods, identifying how the different components of landscape heterogeneity selected for or against specific functional traits. However, the contrasting effects of landscape parameters on different groups of natural enemies indicate that not all beneficial rice arthropods can be promoted at the same time when using a single land management strategy. Increasing compositional heterogeneity in rice landscapes can promote parasitoids but may also negatively affect predators. Future research should focus on identifying trade-offs between fragmented rice habitats and structurally diverse landscapes to maximize the presence of multiple groups of beneficial arthropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dominik
- Department of Community Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany
| | - Ralf Seppelt
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Geoscience & Geography, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Finbarr G Horgan
- EcoLaVerna Integral Restoration Ecology, Kildinan, Co., Cork, Ireland
- Escuela de Agronomía, Universidad Católica del Maule, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Curicó, Chile
| | - Josef Settele
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Conservation Biology and Social-Ecological Systems, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Halle, Germany
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Tomáš Václavík
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Climate Change Impacts on Agroecosystems, Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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Radermacher N, Hartke TR, Villareal S, Scheu S. Spiders in rice-paddy ecosystems shift from aquatic to terrestrial prey and use carbon pools of different origin. Oecologia 2020; 192:801-812. [PMID: 32002648 PMCID: PMC7058567 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Spiders are important bio-control agents of rice insect pests such as plant- and leafhoppers. To investigate temporal changes in spider prey and variations in prey due to landscape structure around rice fields, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes of rice field arthropods were analysed over three consecutive sampling dates during the rice cropping season. Initial isotope composition of gnats and midges emerging from submersed rice fields indicates a larval algae diet, while later values suggest a switch to rice-derived carbon. Initial δ13C values of plant- and leafhoppers were higher in fields of rice-heterogeneous landscapes, indicating migration from source populations feeding on C4 grasses into rice fields; later, their δ13C values approached those of rice. Isotope values of web-building and cursorial spiders in the earliest samples indicate aquatic gnat and midge prey. The later shift toward terrestrial herbivore prey was more pronounced for small than for larger species and in rice paddies near permanent vegetation, indicating use of prey from the surrounding landscape. The results suggest that rice field spiders are supported by three different carbon pools: (1) aquatic carbon originating from algae and (2) legacy carbon from previous growing cycles, both incorporated via between-season predation on gnats and midges, and (3) carbon from the current rice season incorporated via herbivore prey. In conclusion, fostering aquatic midge and gnat larvae, e.g. via mulching, and integrating rice fields into rice-heterogeneous landscapes likely strengthens biological control of pest species in rice paddies by supporting high populations of spiders between cropping seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Radermacher
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Tamara R Hartke
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Villareal
- Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Philippines
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J. F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Chakraborty S, Avtar R, Raj R, Thu Minh HV. Village Level Provisioning Ecosystem Services and Their Values to Local Communities in the Peri-Urban Areas of Manila, The Philippines. Land 2019; 8:177. [DOI: 10.3390/land8120177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates different provisioning services in the peri-urban landscapes of Manila conurbation through a case study of two villages in the Jala-Jala municipality of the Laguna de Bay area in the Philippines. Laguna de Bay is an ecologically productive and important watershed for the urban and peri-urban areas of Manila for the provision of food, freshwater, and other materials. However, the lake and its ecosystem are under threat because of rapid urbanization and associated land-use changes. This study is based on a semi-quantitative survey conducted with 90 households in two villages: Special District and Paalaman. It was aimed to capture how provisioning services in the locality are connected with local livelihoods. The results obtained from the study suggest that landscapes in this peri-urban area still has considerable provisioning ecosystem services associated with local biodiversity and that this dependence on provisioning services and their relationship to peri-urban landscapes and biodiversity should be addressed for sustainable landscape management. The results have important implications for the conservation potential of biodiversity on which local livelihoods depend, in urban and peri-urban ecosystems.
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Dominik C, Seppelt R, Horgan FG, Settele J, Václavík T. Landscape composition, configuration, and trophic interactions shape arthropod communities in rice agroecosystems. J Appl Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dominik
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Leipzig Germany
| | - Ralf Seppelt
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Leipzig Germany
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research; Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Geoscience & Geography; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Finbarr G. Horgan
- International Rice Research Institute; Metro Manila Philippines
- Centre for Compassionate Conservation; University of Technology Sydney; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Josef Settele
- iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research; Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
- Department of Community Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Halle Germany
- Institute of Biological Sciences; University of the Philippines Los Banos College; Laguna Philippines
| | - Tomáš Václavík
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Science; Palacký University Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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Sann C, Wemheuer F, Beaurepaire A, Daniel R, Erler S, Vidal S. Preliminary Investigation of Species Diversity of Rice Hopper Parasitoids in Southeast Asia. Insects 2018; 9:E19. [PMID: 29425132 DOI: 10.3390/insects9010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing intensification of rice production systems in Southeast Asia is causing devastating yield losses each year due to rice hoppers. Their continuing development of immunity to resistant rice varieties and pesticide applications further complicates this problem. Hence, there is a high demand for biological control agents of rice hoppers. Egg parasitoid wasps are among the most important natural enemies of rice hoppers, such as Nilaparvata lugens and Nephotettix spp. However, our knowledge of their diversity is still very limited, due to their small size and the lack of available morphological information. Classifying these parasitoids is the first step to properly understanding their role in the rice agroecosystem. We used traditional morphological identification, as well as DNA sequencing of the 28S rRNA and the COI genes, to investigate the diversity of four important hopper egg parasitoid genera in the Philippines. Parasitoids of the genera Anagrus, Oligosita, Gonatocerus, and Paracentrobia were collected in eight study landscapes located in Luzon. Our findings illustrate that characterization of species diversity using morphological and molecular analyses were concordant only for the genus Paracentrobia. The genera Anagrus and Gonatocerus exhibited more genetic diversity than estimated with the morphological analysis, while the opposite was observed for Oligosita. This is the first study investigating the molecular diversity of rice hopper parasitoids in the Philippines. More research combining morphological, behavioral, and molecular methods, as well as the establishment of a comprehensive DNA database, are urgently needed to assess the performance and suitability of these organisms as biocontrol agents.
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Klotzbücher T, Klotzbücher A, Kaiser K, Vetterlein D, Jahn R, Mikutta R. Variable silicon accumulation in plants affects terrestrial carbon cycling by controlling lignin synthesis. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:e183-e189. [PMID: 28755386 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Current climate and land-use changes affect regional and global cycles of silicon (Si), with yet uncertain consequences for ecosystems. The key role of Si in marine ecology by controlling algae growth is well recognized but research on terrestrial ecosystems neglected Si since not considered an essential plant nutrient. However, grasses and various other plants accumulate large amounts of Si, and recently it has been hypothesized that incorporation of Si as a structural plant component may substitute for the energetically more expensive biosynthesis of lignin. Herein, we provide evidence supporting this hypothesis. We demonstrate that in straw of rice (Oryza sativa) deriving from a large geographic gradient across South-East Asia, the Si concentrations (ranging from 1.6% to 10.7%) are negatively related to the concentrations of carbon (31.3% to 42.5%) and lignin-derived phenols (32 to 102 mg/g carbon). Less lignin may explain results of previous studies that Si-rich straw decomposes faster. Hence, Si seems a significant but hardly recognized factor in organic carbon cycling through grasslands and other ecosystems dominated by Si-accumulating plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimo Klotzbücher
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anika Klotzbücher
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Klaus Kaiser
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Doris Vetterlein
- Department of Soil Physics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research- UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Reinhold Jahn
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robert Mikutta
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Maltchik L, Stenert C, Batzer DP. Can rice field management practices contribute to the conservation of species from natural wetlands? Lessons from Brazil. Basic Appl Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Horgan FG, Ramal AF, Bernal CC, Villegas JM, Stuart AM, Almazan ML. Applying Ecological Engineering for Sustainable and Resilient Rice Production Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.profoo.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Klotzbücher T, Marxen A, Vetterlein D, Schneiker J, Türke M, van Sinh N, Manh NH, van Chien H, Marquez L, Villareal S, Bustamante JV, Jahn R. Plant-available silicon in paddy soils as a key factor for sustainable rice production in Southeast Asia. Basic Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schmidt A, Auge H, Brandl R, Heong KL, Hotes S, Settele J, Villareal S, Schädler M. Small-scale variability in the contribution of invertebrates to litter decomposition in tropical rice fields. Basic Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Westphal C, Vidal S, Horgan FG, Gurr GM, Escalada M, Van Chien H, Tscharntke T, Heong KL, Settele J. Promoting multiple ecosystem services with flower strips and participatory approaches in rice production landscapes. Basic Appl Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Tilliger B, Rodríguez-labajos B, Bustamante J, Settele J. Disentangling Values in the Interrelations between Cultural Ecosystem Services and Landscape Conservation—A Case Study of the Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Philippines. Land 2015; 4:888-913. [DOI: 10.3390/land4030888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Schmidt A, John K, Arida G, Auge H, Brandl R, Horgan FG, Hotes S, Marquez L, Radermacher N, Settele J, Wolters V, Schädler M. Effects of Residue Management on Decomposition in Irrigated Rice Fields Are Not Related to Changes in the Decomposer Community. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26225556 PMCID: PMC4520592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Decomposers provide an essential ecosystem service that contributes to sustainable production in rice ecosystems by driving the release of nutrients from organic crop residues. During a single rice crop cycle we examined the effects of four different crop residue management practices (rice straw or ash of burned straw scattered on the soil surface or incorporated into the soil) on rice straw decomposition and on the abundance of aquatic and soil-dwelling invertebrates. Mass loss of rice straw in litterbags of two different mesh sizes that either prevented or allowed access of meso- and macro-invertebrates was used as a proxy for decomposition rates. Invertebrates significantly increased total loss of litter mass by up to 30%. Initially, the contribution of invertebrates to decomposition was significantly smaller in plots with rice straw scattered on the soil surface; however, this effect disappeared later in the season. We found no significant responses in microbial decomposition rates to management practices. The abundance of aquatic fauna was higher in fields with rice straw amendment, whereas the abundance of soil fauna fluctuated considerably. There was a clear separation between the overall invertebrate community structure in response to the ash and straw treatments. However, we found no correlation between litter mass loss and abundances of various lineages of invertebrates. Our results indicate that invertebrates can contribute to soil fertility in irrigated paddy fields by decomposing rice straw, and that their abundance as well as efficiency in decomposition may be promoted by crop residue management practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schmidt
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Halle/Saale, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Katharina John
- Department of Animal Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Gertrudo Arida
- Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Harald Auge
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Halle/Saale, Germany
- iDiv—German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roland Brandl
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Finbarr G. Horgan
- International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Stefan Hotes
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Leonardo Marquez
- Crop Protection Division, Philippine Rice Research Institute, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
| | - Nico Radermacher
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Josef Settele
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Halle/Saale, Germany
- iDiv—German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volkmar Wolters
- Department of Animal Ecology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Schädler
- Department of Community Ecology, Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Halle/Saale, Germany
- iDiv—German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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