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Lunde CE, Dudek MR, Talbert CA, Sieberg CB, Silva KE, Papadelis C, Ullrich NJ, Manley PE, Moulton EA. The long-term impact of cerebellar tumor resection on executive functioning, anxiety, and fear of pain: A mixed methodology pilot study. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. CHILD 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38604218 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2024.2337208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
This pilot study investigated the long-term impact of a surgery-only treatment (no exposure to other treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation) for pediatric cerebellar low-grade gliomas on executive function, anxiety, and fear of pain (FOP) beliefs. Twelve patients who underwent surgical glioma resection during childhood (surgery age was 4-16 years, study visit age was 10-28 years), and 12 pain-free controls matched for age, sex, race, and handedness were tested. The spatial extent of resection was precisely mapped using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Executive function, anxiety, and FOP were assessed using validated self-report age-appropriate questionnaires for children and adults. Structured clinical interviews at a post-surgery follow-up visit were completed (average: 89 months, range: 20-99). No significant differences in FOP (FOPQ-C t[14 = 1.81, p = 0.09; FOPQ-III t[4] = 0.29, p = 0.79), executive function scores (BRIEF t[20] = 0.30, p = 0.28), or anxiety scores (MASC t[16] = 0.19, p = 0.85; MAQ t[4] = 1.80, p = 0.15) were found in pediatric or adult patients compared to pain-free controls. Clinical interviews mainly categorized pediatric patients as not anxious. One participant reported mild/subclinical anxiety, and one had moderate clinical anxiety. Neither psychologists nor patients endorsed impairments to executive functioning, anxiety, or FOP. Our pilot results suggest that pediatric cerebellar tumor survivors treated with surgery-only have favorable long-term functioning related to these themes. While these results are promising, they will need to be replicated in a larger patient sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Lunde
- Biobehavioral Pain Innovations Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Madison R Dudek
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cameron A Talbert
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine B Sieberg
- Biobehavioral Pain Innovations Lab, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Health Outcomes & Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Adolescent & Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katie E Silva
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christos Papadelis
- Jane and John Justin Neurosciences Center, Cook Children's Health Care System, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicole J Ullrich
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter E Manley
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric A Moulton
- Pain and Affective Neuroscience Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Brain and Eye Pain Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zhang P, Duan L, Ou Y, Ling Q, Cao L, Qian H, Zhang J, Wang J, Yuan X. The cerebellum and cognitive neural networks. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1197459. [PMID: 37576472 PMCID: PMC10416251 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1197459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function represents a complex neurophysiological capacity of the human brain, encompassing a higher level of neural processing and integration. It is widely acknowledged that the cerebrum plays a commanding role in the regulation of cognitive functions. However, the specific role of the cerebellum in cognitive processes has become a subject of considerable scholarly intrigue. In 1998, Schmahmann first proposed the concept of "cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS)," linking cerebellar damage to cognitive and emotional impairments. Since then, a substantial body of literature has emerged, exploring the role of the cerebellum in cognitive neurological function. The cerebellum's adjacency to the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord suggests that the cerebral-cerebellar network loops play a crucial role in the cerebellum's participation in cognitive neurological functions. In this review, we comprehensively examine the recent literature on the involvement of the cerebellum in cognitive functions from three perspectives: the cytological basis of the cerebellum and its anatomical functions, the cerebellum and cognitive functions, and Crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Our aim is to shed light on the role and mechanisms of the cerebellum in cognitive neurobrain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingshu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Liqin Duan
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Ya Ou
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Qirong Ling
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lingyun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Hongchun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, North China University of Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurobiological Function in Hebei Province, Tangshan, Hebei, China
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Chen XX, Chen W, Hu H, Zhao M, Liu H, Xu XQ, Wu FY, Wang J. Altered interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with comitant exotropia before and after surgery: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1095431. [PMID: 37576471 PMCID: PMC10416095 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1095431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the interhemispheric homotopic connectivity alterations in patients with comitant exotropia (CE) before and after surgery, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) with voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC). Methods Thirty-four patients with CE and twenty-four well-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled to undergo a preoperative rs-fMRI scan. The rs-fMRI scan was performed again in twenty-four patients 1 month after surgery. The VMHC method was applied to evaluate the group differences of interhemispheric functional connectivity. The correlations between VMHC values and clinical variables were analyzed in the patient group. Results Compared with HCs, 34 patients with CE showed significantly increased VMHC values in occipital lobe (cuneus/superior occipital gyrus/middle occipital gyrus/calcarine), cerebellar area 8/cerebellar Crus1 area, and cerebellar Crus1 area. In CE group, VMHC in the cuneus was positively correlated with stereoacuity (r = 0.417, P = 0.014), meanwhile VMHC in the cerebellar Crus1 area was positively correlated with stereoacuity (r = 0.395, P = 0.021). One month after surgery, the 24 CE patients with follow-up showed decreased VMHC values in the cuneus and superior occipital gyrus compared with preoperative collection, meanwhile, non-significant difference compared with HCs. Conclusion Our study revealed the interhemispheric homotopic connectivity changes of patients with CE in the occipital lobe and cerebellum before and after surgery. The findings may provide a new perspective for the neurological alterations of CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Xun Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Quan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei-Yun Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Sahrizan NSA, Manan HA, Abdul Hamid H, Abdullah JM, Yahya N. Functional Alteration in the Brain Due to Tumour Invasion in Paediatric Patients: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072168. [PMID: 37046828 PMCID: PMC10093754 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Working memory, language and speech abilities, motor skills, and visual abilities are often impaired in children with brain tumours. This is because tumours can invade the brain's functional areas and cause alterations to the neuronal networks. However, it is unclear what the mechanism of tumour invasion is and how various treatments can cause cognitive impairment. Therefore, this study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of tumour invasion on the cognitive, language, motor, and visual abilities of paediatric patients, as well as discuss the alterations and modifications in neuronal networks and anatomy. The electronic database, PubMed, was used to find relevant studies. The studies were systematically reviewed based on the type and location of brain tumours, cognitive assessment, and pre- and post-operative deficits experienced by patients. Sixteen studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria following the guidelines from PRISMA. Most studies agree that tumour invasion in the brain causes cognitive dysfunction and alteration in patients. The effects of a tumour on cognition, language, motor, and visual abilities depend on the type of tumour and its location in the brain. The alteration to the neuronal networks is also dependent on the type and location of the tumour. However, the default mode network (DMN) is the most affected network, regardless of the tumour type and location.Furthermore, our findings suggest that different treatment types can also contribute to patients' cognitive function to improve or deteriorate. Deficits that persisted or were acquired after surgery could result from surgical manipulation or the progression of the tumour's growth. Meanwhile, recovery from the deficits indicated that the brain has the ability to recover and reorganise itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Shaheera Aidilla Sahrizan
- Department of Radiology, Makmal Pemprosesan Imej Kefungsian (Functional Image Processing Laboratory), University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Radiology and Intervency, Hospital Pakar Kanak-Kanak (Children Specialist Hospital), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hanani Abdul Manan
- Department of Radiology, Makmal Pemprosesan Imej Kefungsian (Functional Image Processing Laboratory), University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Radiology and Intervency, Hospital Pakar Kanak-Kanak (Children Specialist Hospital), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hamzaini Abdul Hamid
- Department of Radiology, Makmal Pemprosesan Imej Kefungsian (Functional Image Processing Laboratory), University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Radiology and Intervency, Hospital Pakar Kanak-Kanak (Children Specialist Hospital), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Jabatan Neurosains, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, Jalan Hospital USM, Kampus Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
- Brain and Behaviour Cluster, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, Kampus Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
- Department of Neurosciences & Brain Behaviour Cluster, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kampus Kesihatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia
| | - Noorazrul Yahya
- Diagnostic Imaging & Radiotherapy Program, School of Diagnostic & Applied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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Cho NS, Peck KK, Gene MN, Jenabi M, Holodny AI. Resting-state functional MRI language network connectivity differences in patients with brain tumors: exploration of the cerebellum and contralesional hemisphere. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:252-262. [PMID: 34333725 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors can have far-reaching impacts on functional networks. Language processing is typically lateralized to the left hemisphere, but also involves the right hemisphere and cerebellum. This resting-state functional MRI study investigated the proximal and distal effects of left-hemispheric brain tumors on language network connectivity in the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres. Separate language resting-state networks were generated from seeding in ipsilesional (left) and contralesional (right) Broca's Area for 29 patients with left-hemispheric brain tumors and 13 controls. Inclusion criteria for all subjects included language left-dominance based on task-based functional MRI. Functional connectivity was analyzed in each network to the respective Wernicke's Area and contralateral cerebellum. Patients were assessed for language deficits prior to scanning. Compared to controls, patients exhibited decreased connectivity in the ipsilesional and contralesional hemispheres between the Broca's Area and Wernicke's Area homologs (mean connectivity for patients/controls: left 0.51/0.59, p < 0.002; right 0.52/0.59, p < 0.0002). No differences in mean connectivity to the contralateral cerebellum were observed between groups (p > 0.09). Crossed cerebro-cerebellar connectivity was correlated in controls (rho = 0.59, p < 0.05), patients without language deficits (rho = 0.74, p < 0.0002), and patients with high-grade gliomas (rho = 0.78, p < 0.0002), but not in patients with language deficits or low-grade gliomas (p > 0.l). These findings demonstrate that brain tumors impact the language network in the contralesional hemisphere and cerebellum, which may reflect neurological deficits and lesion-induced cortical reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Cho
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kyung K Peck
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Madeleine N Gene
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Mehrnaz Jenabi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andrei I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of the Medical Sciences, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Deng X, Wang B, Zong F, Yin H, Yu S, Zhang D, Wang S, Cao Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y. Right-hemispheric language reorganization in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:6014-6027. [PMID: 34582074 PMCID: PMC8596961 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM), a presumed congenital lesion, may involve traditional language areas but usually does not lead to language dysfunction unless it ruptures. The objective of this research was to study right-hemispheric language reorganization patterns in patients with brain AVMs using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We prospectively enrolled 30 AVM patients with lesions involving language areas and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Each subject underwent fMRI during three language tasks: visual synonym judgment, oral word reading, and auditory sentence comprehension. The activation differences between the AVM and control groups were investigated by voxelwise analysis. Lateralization indices (LIs) for the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and cerebellum were compared between the two groups, respectively. Results suggested that the language functions of AVM patients and controls were all normal. Voxelwise analysis showed no significantly different activations between the two groups in visual synonym judgment and oral word reading tasks. In auditory sentence comprehension task, AVM patients had significantly more activations in the right precentral gyrus (BA 6) and right cerebellar lobule VI (AAL 9042). According to the LI results, the frontal lobe in oral word reading task and the temporal lobe in auditory sentence comprehension task were significantly more right-lateralized in the AVM group. These findings suggest that for patients with AVMs involving language cortex, different language reorganization patterns may develop for different language functions. The recruitment of brain areas in the right cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres may play a compensatory role in the reorganized language network of AVM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangrong Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shaochen Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jizong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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Clinical Speech fMRI in Children and Adolescents : Development of an Optimal Protocol and Analysis Algorithm. Clin Neuroradiol 2021; 32:185-196. [PMID: 34613421 PMCID: PMC8894226 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-021-01097-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, surgical resection is often the only treatment option to achieve long-term seizure control. Prior to brain surgery involving potential language areas, identification of hemispheric language dominance is crucial. Our group developed and validated a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) battery of four pediatric language tasks. The present study aimed at optimizing fMRI data acquisition and analysis using these tasks. Methods We retrospectively analyzed speech fMRI examinations of 114 neuropediatric patients (age range 5.8–17.8 years) who were examined prior to possible epilepsy surgery. In order to evaluate hemispheric language dominance, 1–4 language tasks (vowel identification task VIT, word-chain task WCT, beep-story task BST, synonym task SYT) were measured. Results Language dominance was classified using fMRI activation in the 13 validly lateralizing ROIs (VLR) in frontal, temporal and parietal lobes and cerebellum of the recent validation study from our group: 47/114 patients were classified as left-dominant, 34/114 as bilateral and 6/114 as right-dominant. In an attempt to enlarge the set of VLR, we then compared for each task agreement of these ROI activations with the classified language dominance. We found four additional task-specific ROIs showing concordant activation and activation in ≥ 10 sessions, which we termed validly lateralizing (VLRnew). The new VLRs were: for VIT the temporal language area and for SYT the middle frontal gyrus, the intraparietal sulcus and cerebellum. Finally, in order to find the optimal sequence of measuring the different tasks, we analyzed the success rates of single tasks and all possible task combinations. The sequence 1) VIT 2) WCT 3) BST 4) SYT was identified as the optimal sequence, yielding the highest chance to obtain reliable results even when the fMRI examination has to be stopped, e.g., due to lack of cooperation. Conclusion Our suggested task order together with the enlarged set of VLRnew may contribute to optimize pediatric speech fMRI in a clinical setting. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s00062-021-01097-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Asaridou SS, Demir-Lira ÖE, Goldin-Meadow S, Levine SC, Small SL. Language development and brain reorganization in a child born without the left hemisphere. Cortex 2020; 127:290-312. [PMID: 32259667 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of a 14-year-old girl born without the left hemisphere due to prenatal left internal carotid occlusion. We combined longitudinal language and cognitive assessments with functional and structural neuroimaging data to situate the case within age-matched, typically developing children. Despite having had a delay in getting language off the ground during the preschool years, our case performed within the normal range on a variety of standardized language tests, and exceptionally well on phonology and word reading, during the elementary and middle school years. Moreover, her spatial, number, and reasoning skills also fell in the average to above-average range based on assessments during these time periods. Functional MRI data revealed activation in right fronto-temporal areas when listening to short stories, resembling the bilateral activation patterns in age-matched typically developing children. Diffusion MRI data showed significantly larger dorsal white matter association tracts (the direct and anterior segments of the arcuate fasciculus) connecting areas active during language processing in her remaining right hemisphere, compared to either hemisphere in control children. We hypothesize that these changes in functional and structural brain organization are the result of compensatory brain plasticity, manifesting in unusually large right dorsal tracts, and exceptional performance in phonology, speech repetition, and decoding. More specifically, we posit that our case's large white matter connections might have played a compensatory role by providing fast and reliable transfer of information between cortical areas for language in the right hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomi S Asaridou
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Neurology, Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Ö Ece Demir-Lira
- The University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, DeLTA Center, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Susan Goldin-Meadow
- Department of Psychology, Center for Gesture, Sign and Language, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Susan C Levine
- University of Chicago, Department of Psychology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven L Small
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Neurology, Biological Sciences III, Irvine, CA, USA
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Meinhold T, Hofer W, Pieper T, Kudernatsch M, Staudt M. Presurgical Language fMRI in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults : A Validation Study. Clin Neuroradiol 2020; 30:691-704. [PMID: 31960077 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-019-00852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To validate four established, child-friendly functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) language tasks (word chain task [WCT], vowel identification task [VIT], synonym task [SYT] and beep story task [BST]) in a predominantly pediatric cohort. METHODS Intracarotid amobarbital procedures (IAP) (n = 17) and unchanged language after hemispherotomy (n = 6) were used as gold standards. The fMRI activations of nine regions of interest (ROI) in the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes as well as in the cerebellum were visually assessed in 23 fMRI examinations (in total 117 fMRI task sessions) of 23 patients (age range 10.0-23.0 years) with drug-refractory epilepsies. RESULTS The ROIs were considered valid when they showed activation in more than 25% of all sessions for the respective task and never showed false lateralization (in comparison to gold standards). Thus, 13 valid, task-specific ROIs were identified: 5 ROIs for the WCT (frontal operculum, inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, intraparietal sulcus, cerebellum), 3 ROIs for the VIT (frontal operculum, inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus), 3 ROIs for the SYT (frontal operculum, inferior frontal gyrus, temporal language area) and 2 ROIs for the BST (inferior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus). CONCLUSION Clinical fMRI using the battery of four tasks is a valid tool for lateralizing language in children, adolescents and young adults. Each task proved to be specifically useful, which confirms that applying different tasks increases the probability of diagnosing language dominance in presurgical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Meinhold
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Epileptology, Schön Clinic Vogtareuth, Krankenhausstraße 20, 83569, Vogtareuth, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Wiebke Hofer
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Epileptology, Schön Clinic Vogtareuth, Krankenhausstraße 20, 83569, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Tom Pieper
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Epileptology, Schön Clinic Vogtareuth, Krankenhausstraße 20, 83569, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Manfred Kudernatsch
- Center for Neurosurgery and Epilepsy Surgery, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Vogtareuth, Germany.,Research Institute "Rehabilitation, Transition, Palliation", PMU Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Staudt
- Center for Pediatric Neurology, Neurorehabilitation and Epileptology, Schön Clinic Vogtareuth, Krankenhausstraße 20, 83569, Vogtareuth, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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10
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Language Cerebro-cerebellar Reorganization in Children After Surgery of Right Cerebellar Astrocytoma: a fMRI Study. THE CEREBELLUM 2020; 18:791-806. [PMID: 31111430 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-019-01039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Language processing depends on an integrated circuit involving the left supratentorial language areas and the right posterior lateral cerebellar hemisphere (lobule VI, lobule VII, Crus I, and Crus II). Reorganization of the language system after lesions of the cerebral language areas includes also cerebellar relocation. This is the first study assessing functional language reorganization after lesions concerning primarily the cerebellum, using a fMRI paradigm of phonological covert word production task in six children operated for right cerebellar astrocytoma and in 15 typically developing children. We found right cerebellar and left frontal activations in healthy controls and high variability of reorganizational patterns in patients with early right cerebellar lesion. Also lesions not located in the areas typically involved in language tasks (Crus I and Crus II) can cause reorganization between the two hemispheres or hemispheric language reinforcement of the original lateralization. We discuss the role of several variables in determining the reorganizational pattern such as the site, extension, and timing of surgery. No variables revealed as predictors, suggesting that co-occurring influence of other biological and/or pathological factors are not yet demonstrated. Lesions in the postero-lateral cerebellum seem related to less efficient language performances, as an indicator of the system's functioning.
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11
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Starowicz-Filip A, Chrobak AA, Kwiatkowski S, Milczarek O, Rajtar-Zembaty AM. “Cerebellar lesions after low-grade tumor resection can induce memory impairment in children, similar to that observed in patients with frontal lesions”. Child Neuropsychol 2019; 26:388-408. [DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2019.1657391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starowicz-Filip
- Department of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Stanisław Kwiatkowski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olga Milczarek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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12
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Northam GB, Adler S, Eschmann KCJ, Chong WK, Cowan FM, Baldeweg T. Developmental conduction aphasia after neonatal stroke. Ann Neurol 2019; 83:664-675. [PMID: 29572915 PMCID: PMC6681109 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Impairment of speech repetition following injury to the dorsal language stream is a feature of conduction aphasia, a well‐described “disconnection syndrome” in adults. The impact of similar lesions sustained in infancy has not been established. Methods We compared language outcomes in term‐born individuals with confirmed neonatal stroke (n = 30, age = 7–18 years, left‐sided lesions in 21 cases) to matched controls (n = 40). Injury to the dorsal and/or ventral language streams was assessed using T1‐ and T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tractography. Language lateralization was determined using functional MRI. Results At the group level, left dorsal language stream injury was associated with selective speech repetition impairment for nonwords (p = 0.021) and sentences (p < 0.0001). The majority of children with significant repetition impairment had retained left hemisphere language representation, but right hemisphere dominance was correlated with minimal or absent repetition deficits. Post hoc analysis of the repetition‐impaired group revealed additional language‐associated deficits, but these were more subtle and variable. Interpretation We conclude that (1) despite the considerable plasticity of the infant brain, early dorsal language stream injury can result in specific and long‐lasting problems with speech repetition that are similar to the syndrome of conduction aphasia seen in adults; and (2) language reorganization to the contralateral hemisphere has a protective effect. Ann Neurol 2018;83:664–675 Ann Neurol 2018;83:664–675
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma B Northam
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, University College London.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Adler
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, University College London.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kathrin C J Eschmann
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, University College London
| | - Wui K Chong
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances M Cowan
- Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Imperial College Health Care Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Torsten Baldeweg
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, University College London.,Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Cho NS, Peck KK, Zhang Z, Holodny AI. Paradoxical Activation in the Cerebellum During Language fMRI in Patients with Brain Tumors: Possible Explanations Based on Neurovascular Uncoupling and Functional Reorganization. THE CEREBELLUM 2019; 17:286-293. [PMID: 29196975 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-017-0902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum is known for its crossed activation pattern with the contralateral cerebral hemisphere during language functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks in healthy patients. Crossed cerebro-cerebellar activation has been previously shown to occur in patients with brain tumors not affecting the activation areas. However, the presence of a tumor in left Broca's area in the inferior frontal gyrus is known to disrupt cerebral activation during language tasks. This study investigated if crossed cerebro-cerebellar activation patterns for language tasks would still occur in such patients. A total of 43 right-handed patients with a glioma affecting left Broca's area were examined for their cerebral and cerebellar activation during an fMRI language task. Only 13 of the 43 patients exhibited crossed cerebro-cerebellar activation patterns. Statistically significant differences of atypical cerebro-cerebellar activation patterns were found between cerebral right-dominant (RD) and cerebral co-dominant (CD) (p < 0.001) as well as cerebral RD and cerebral left-dominant (LD) patients (p < 0.01), while no differences were found when patients were divided based on cerebellar dominance (p > 0.75) or tumor grade (p > 0.5). No relation was found between the cerebellar and cerebral laterality index (LI) values (ρ = - 0.20; p = 0.21). Atypical activation patterns are suspected to have been caused by the tumor, perhaps a result of contralateral reorganization in some cases and false negative activation in left Broca's area from neurovascular uncoupling (NVU) in others. Cerebellar activation may also potentially indicate cerebral false negative behavior and future cerebral contralateral reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Cho
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kyung K Peck
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Andrei I Holodny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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14
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Atypical language representation is unfavorable for language abilities following childhood stroke. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2019; 23:102-116. [PMID: 30314763 PMCID: PMC6339521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Brain plasticity has often been quoted as a reason for the more favorable outcome in childhood stroke compared to adult stroke. We investigated the relationship between language abilities and language localization in childhood stroke. Seventeen children and adolescents with left- or right-sided ischemic stroke and 18 healthy controls were tested with a comprehensive neurolinguistic test battery, and the individual neural representation of language was measured with an fMRI language paradigm. Overall, 12 of 17 stroke patients showed language abilities below average, and five patients exhibited impaired language performance. fMRI revealed increased activity in right hemisphere areas homotopic to left hemisphere language regions. In sum, seven stroke patients revealed atypical, i.e. bilateral or right lateralized language representation. Typical left hemispheric language lateralization was associated with better performance in naming and word fluency, whereas increased involvement of right homologues was accompanied by worse language outcome. In contrast, lesion lateralization or lesion volume did not correlate with language outcome or atypical language lateralization. Thus, atypical language lateralization is unfavorable for language outcome, and right homologues do not have the same cognitive capacity, even in young children.
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15
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Wilke M, Groeschel S, Lorenzen A, Rona S, Schuhmann MU, Ernemann U, Krägeloh‐Mann I. Clinical application of advanced MR methods in children: points to consider. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2018; 5:1434-1455. [PMID: 30480038 PMCID: PMC6243383 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of both functional MRI and diffusion MR tractography prior to a neurosurgical operation is well established in adults, but less so in children, for several reasons. For this review, we have identified several aspects (task design, subject preparation, actual scanning session, data processing, interpretation of results, and decision-making) where pediatric peculiarities should be taken into account. Further, we not only systematically identify common issues, but also provide solutions, based on our experience as well as a review of the pertinent literature. The aim is to provide the clinician as well as the imaging scientist with information that helps to plan, conduct, and interpret such a clinically-indicated exam in a way that maximizes benefit for, and minimizes the burden on the individual child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Wilke
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental MedicineChildren's HospitalTuebingenGermany
- Children's Hospital and Department of NeuroradiologyExperimental Pediatric NeuroimagingTuebingenGermany
| | - Samuel Groeschel
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental MedicineChildren's HospitalTuebingenGermany
- Children's Hospital and Department of NeuroradiologyExperimental Pediatric NeuroimagingTuebingenGermany
| | - Anna Lorenzen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental MedicineChildren's HospitalTuebingenGermany
- Children's Hospital and Department of NeuroradiologyExperimental Pediatric NeuroimagingTuebingenGermany
| | - Sabine Rona
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity HospitalTuebingenGermany
| | | | - Ulrike Ernemann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional NeuroradiologyUniversity HospitalUniversity of TübingenTuebingenGermany
| | - Ingeborg Krägeloh‐Mann
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental MedicineChildren's HospitalTuebingenGermany
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16
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Gaberova K, Pacheva I, Ivanov I. Task-related fMRI in hemiplegic cerebral palsy-A systematic review. J Eval Clin Pract 2018; 24:839-850. [PMID: 29700896 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used widely to study reorganization after early brain injuries. Unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) is an appealing model for studying brain plasticity by fMRI. AIM To summarize the results of task-related fMRI studies in UCP in order to get better understanding of the mechanism of neuroplasticity of the developing brain and its reorganization potential and better translation of this knowledge to clinical practice. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed database by keywords: "cerebral palsy", "congenital hemiparesis", "unilateral", "Magnetic resonance imaging" , "fMRI", "reorganization", and "plasticity" The exclusion criteria were as follows: case reports; reviews; studies exploring non-UCP patients; and studies with results of rehabilitation. RESULTS We found 7 articles investigated sensory tasks; 9 studies-motor tasks; 12 studies-speech tasks. Ipsilesional reorganization is dominant in sensory tasks (in 74/77 patients), contralesional-in only 3/77. In motor tasks, bilateral activation is found in 64/83, only contralesional-in 11/83, and only ipsilesional-8/83. Speech perception is bilateral in 35/51, only or dominantly ipsilesional (left-sided) in 8/51, and dominantly contralesional (right-sided) in 8/51. Speech production is only or dominantly contralesional (right-sided) in 88/130, bilateral-26/130, and only or dominantly ipsilesional (left-sided)-in 16/130. DISCUSSION The sensory system is the most "rigid" to reorganization probably due to absence of ipsilateral (contralesional) primary somatosensory representation. The motor system is more "flexible" due to ipsilateral (contralesional) motor pathways. The speech perception and production show greater flexibility resulting in more bilateral or contralateral activation. CONCLUSIONS The models of reorganization are variable, depending on the development and function of each neural system and the extent and timing of the damage. The plasticity patterns may guide therapeutic intervention and prognostics, thus proving the fruitiness of the translational approach in neurosciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Gaberova
- Department of Pediatrics, St. George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Iliyana Pacheva
- Department of Pediatrics, St. George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Medical University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of Pediatrics, St. George University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, Medical University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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17
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Zhang N, Xia M, Qiu T, Wang X, Lin CP, Guo Q, Lu J, Wu Q, Zhuang D, Yu Z, Gong F, Farrukh Hameed NU, He Y, Wu J, Zhou L. Reorganization of cerebro-cerebellar circuit in patients with left hemispheric gliomas involving language network: A combined structural and resting-state functional MRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4802-4819. [PMID: 30052314 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of cerebellum and cerebro-cerebellar system in neural plasticity induced by cerebral gliomas involving language network has long been ignored. Moreover, whether or not the process of reorganization is different in glioma patients with different growth kinetics remains largely unknown. To address this issue, we utilized preoperative structural and resting-state functional MRI data of 78 patients with left cerebral gliomas involving language network areas, including 46 patients with low-grade glioma (LGG, WHO grade II), 32 with high-grade glioma (HGG, WHO grade III/IV), and 44 healthy controls. Spontaneous brain activity, resting-state functional connectivity and gray matter volume alterations of the cerebellum were examined. We found that both LGG and HGG patients exhibited bidirectional alteration of brain activity in language-related cerebellar areas. Brain activity in areas with increased alteration was significantly correlated with the language and MMSE scores. Structurally, LGG patients exhibited greater gray matter volume in regions with increased brain activity, suggesting a structure-function coupled alteration in cerebellum. Furthermore, we observed that cerebellar regions with decreased brain activity exhibited increased functional connectivity with contralesional cerebro-cerebellar system in LGG patients. Together, our findings provide empirical evidence for a vital role of cerebellum and cerebro-cerebellar circuit in neural plasticity following lesional damage to cerebral language network. Moreover, we highlight the possible different reorganizational mechanisms of brain functional connectivity underlying different levels of behavioral impairments in LGG and HGG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingrui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianming Qiu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qizhu Wu
- Sinorad Medical Electronics Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongxiao Zhuang
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengda Yu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyuan Gong
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - N U Farrukh Hameed
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and Connectomics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangfu Zhou
- Glioma Surgery Division, Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Shanghai, China
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18
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Lidzba K, de Haan B, Wilke M, Krägeloh-Mann I, Staudt M. Lesion characteristics driving right-hemispheric language reorganization in congenital left-hemispheric brain damage. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2017; 173:1-9. [PMID: 28549234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pre- or perinatally acquired ("congenital") left-hemispheric brain lesions can be compensated for by reorganizing language into homotopic brain regions in the right hemisphere. Language comprehension may be hemispherically dissociated from language production. We investigated the lesion characteristics driving inter-hemispheric reorganization of language comprehension and language production in 19 patients (7-32years; eight females) with congenital left-hemispheric brain lesions (periventricular lesions [n=11] and middle cerebral artery infarctions [n=8]) by fMRI. 16/17 patients demonstrated reorganized language production, while 7/19 patients had reorganized language comprehension. Lesions to the insular cortex and the temporo-parietal junction (predominantly supramarginal gyrus) were significantly more common in patients in whom both, language production and comprehension were reorganized. These areas belong to the dorsal stream of the language network, participating in the auditory-motor integration of language. Our data suggest that the integrity of this stream might be crucial for a normal left-lateralized language development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lidzba
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging Group, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine & Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Bianca de Haan
- Center of Neurology, Division of Neuropsychology, Hertie-Institute of Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marko Wilke
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging Group, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine & Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Staudt
- University Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurorehabilitation, Epilepsy Centre for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik Vogtareuth, Krankenhausstr. 20, 83569 Vogtareuth, Germany
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19
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Chilosi AM, Bulgheroni S, Turi M, Cristofani P, Biagi L, Erbetta A, Riva D, Nigri A, Caputi L, Giannini N, Fiori S, Pecini C, Perego F, Tosetti M, Cipriani P, Cioni G. Hemispheric language organization after congenital left brain lesions: A comparison between functional transcranial Doppler and functional MRI. J Neuropsychol 2017; 13:46-66. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Chilosi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Sara Bulgheroni
- Developmental Neurology Division; IRCCS The Foundation of C.Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Marco Turi
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery; University of Pisa; Italy
- Stella Maris Mediterranean Foundation; Chiaromonte; Potenza Italy
| | - Paola Cristofani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Laura Biagi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Alessandra Erbetta
- Department of Neuroradiology; IRCCS The Foundation of C.Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Daria Riva
- Developmental Neurology Division; IRCCS The Foundation of C.Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Anna Nigri
- Department of Neuroradiology; IRCCS The Foundation of C.Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Luigi Caputi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases; IRCCS The Foundation of C.Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Nicola Giannini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Simona Fiori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Chiara Pecini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Francesca Perego
- Developmental Neurology Division; IRCCS The Foundation of C.Besta Neurological Institute; Milan Italy
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
| | - Giovanni Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience; IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation; Pisa Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; University of Pisa; Italy
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20
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Qiu WH, Wu HX, Yang QL, Kang Z, Chen ZC, Li K, Qiu GR, Xie CQ, Wan GF, Chen SQ. Evidence of cortical reorganization of language networks after stroke with subacute Broca's aphasia: a blood oxygenation level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:109-117. [PMID: 28250756 PMCID: PMC5319215 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.198996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphasia is an acquired language disorder that is a common consequence of stroke. The pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood, and as a result, current treatment options are not satisfactory. Here, we used blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the activation of bilateral cortices in patients with Broca's aphasia 1 to 3 months after stroke. Our results showed that language expression was associated with multiple brain regions in which the right hemisphere participated in the generation of language. The activation areas in the left hemisphere of aphasia patients were significantly smaller compared with those in healthy adults. The activation frequency, volumes, and intensity in the regions related to language, such as the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area), the left superior temporal gyrus, and the right inferior frontal gyrus (the mirror region of Broca's area), were lower in patients compared with healthy adults. In contrast, activation in the right superior temporal gyrus, the bilateral superior parietal lobule, and the left inferior temporal gyrus was stronger in patients compared with healthy controls. These results suggest that the right inferior frontal gyrus plays a role in the recovery of language function in the subacute stage of stroke-related aphasia by increasing the engagement of related brain areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hong Qiu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui-Xiang Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing-Lu Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhuang Kang
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhao-Cong Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kui Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guo-Rong Qiu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Qing Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gui-Fang Wan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shao-Qiong Chen
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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21
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Chang CC, Ku CH, Chang ST. Postural asymmetry correlated with lateralization of cerebellar perfusion in persons with chronic stroke: A role of crossed cerebellar diaschisis in left side. Brain Inj 2016; 31:90-97. [PMID: 27830942 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2016.1210229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemiplegia after stroke leads to impairment of the affected limbs and induces more weight on the non-paretic lower limb to form postural asymmetry. Studies of asymmetric cerebral functions have found similarly asymmetric functions in the cerebellum. Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) is defined as reduced blood flow and hypometabolism in the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to supratentorial cerebral pathology. No study explored the relationship between posture (standing balance) and CCD in those persons yet. It was hypothesized that CCD would impair postural control and tend toward lateralization of cerebellar perfusion. METHODS To determine the relationship between postural asymmetry and CCD among patients with chronic stroke while testing in the upright position. Based on images from Tc-99m-ECD brain perfusion, 42 patients were retrospectively allocated into three groups: left CCD, right CCD and no CCD. The ability to maintain an upright stance as assessed by postural parameters was evaluated using a force platform. RESULTS The sway intensity differed significantly between the groups with left CCD and no CCD (p = 0.0052), as did the sway velocities (p = 0.0010). The association between the duration of stroke and sway intensity was highly significant (p < 0.0001). The interval from the stroke onset to the postural analysis was significantly associated with sway intensity and velocity. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the impairment of posture sway control was more severe in left CCD than the other CCD types. The results support a relationship between the postural asymmetry and lateralization of CCD in patients with chronic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chiang Chang
- a Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Centre , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine , National Defense Medical Centre , Taipei , Taiwan.,c Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Tri-Service General Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Ku
- d Centre for General Education , Kainan University , Taoyuan , Taiwan.,e School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Centre , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tsu Chang
- a Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Centre , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine , National Defense Medical Centre , Taipei , Taiwan.,f Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
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D'Mello AM, Moore DM, Crocetti D, Mostofsky SH, Stoodley CJ. Cerebellar gray matter differentiates children with early language delay in autism. Autism Res 2016; 9:1191-1204. [PMID: 27868392 PMCID: PMC11079618 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Early language delay (ELD) is one of the earliest indicators of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and predicts later cognitive and behavioral outcomes. We aimed to determine the neural correlates of ELD in autism, and examine the relationships between gray matter (GM), age of first word/phrase, and core ASD symptoms. We used voxel-based morphometry to examine whole-brain differences in GM in 8-13 year old children with autism (n = 13 ELD; n = 22 non-ELD) and 35 age-matched typically developing (TD) children. Multiple regression analyses examined the relationships between GM, age of first word/phrase, and autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) scores. Composite age of first word/phrase negatively correlated with GM throughout the cerebellum. Both ASD groups (ELD and non-ELD) had reduced GM in right cerebellar Crus I/II when compared to TD children. Left cerebellar Crus I/II was the only region in the brain that differentiated ELD and non-ELD children, with ELD children showing reduced GM relative to both non-ELD and TD groups. Group×score interactions converged in left Crus I/II, such that the non-ELD group showed poorer ADOS scores with increasing GM, whereas the ELD group showed poorer ADOS scores as GM decreased. Reduced GM in right cerebellar Crus I/I was related ASD diagnosis, while children with ELD showed additional reduced GM in left Crus I/II. These findings highlight the importance of specific cerebellar networks in both ASD and early language development, and suggest that bilateral disruption in cerebellar regions that interconnect with fronto-parietal networks could impact language acquisition in ASD. Autism Res 2016, 9: 1191-1204. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anila M D'Mello
- Developmental Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC
| | - Dorothea M Moore
- Developmental Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC
| | - Deana Crocetti
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research (CNIR), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stewart H Mostofsky
- Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research (CNIR), Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Catherine J Stoodley
- Developmental Neuroscience Lab, Department of Psychology, and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC
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23
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Starowicz-Filip A, Chrobak AA, Milczarek O, Kwiatkowski S. The visuospatial functions in children after cerebellar low-grade astrocytoma surgery: A contribution to the pediatric neuropsychology of the cerebellum. J Neuropsychol 2015; 11:201-221. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Starowicz-Filip
- Jagiellonian University Medical College; Krakow Poland
- Neurosurgery Department; Childrens’ University Hospital in Krakow; Poland
| | | | - Olga Milczarek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College; Krakow Poland
- Neurosurgery Department; Childrens’ University Hospital in Krakow; Poland
| | - Stanisław Kwiatkowski
- Jagiellonian University Medical College; Krakow Poland
- Neurosurgery Department; Childrens’ University Hospital in Krakow; Poland
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24
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Máté A, Lidzba K, Hauser TK, Staudt M, Wilke M. A "one size fits all" approach to language fMRI: increasing specificity and applicability by adding a self-paced component. Exp Brain Res 2015; 234:673-84. [PMID: 26514810 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have previously established an fMRI task battery suitable for mapping the language processing network in children. Among the tasks used, the synonyms and the vowel identification task induced robust task-related activations in children with average language abilities; however, the fixed presentation time seems to be a drawback in participants with above- or below-average language abilities. This feasibility study in healthy adults (n = 20) was aimed at adapting these tasks to the individual level of each patient by implementing a self-paced stimulus presentation. The impact of using a block- versus an event-related statistical approach was also evaluated. The self-paced modification allowed our participants with above-average language abilities to process stimuli much faster than originally implemented, likely increasing task adherence. A higher specificity of the event-related analysis was confirmed by stronger left inferior frontal and crossed cerebellar activations. We suggest that self-paced paradigms and event-related analyses may both increase specificity and applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Máté
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging Group, Pediatric Neurology and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karen Lidzba
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging Group, Pediatric Neurology and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Staudt
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Clinic for Neuropediatrics and Neurorehabilitation, Epilepsy Center for Children and Adolescents, Schön Klinik, Vogtareuth, Germany
| | - Marko Wilke
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Children's Hospital, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging Group, Pediatric Neurology and Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
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25
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Göbel A, Heldmann M, Göttlich M, Dirk AL, Brabant G, Münte TF. Effect of Experimental Thyrotoxicosis on Brain Gray Matter: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study. Eur Thyroid J 2015; 4:113-8. [PMID: 26601082 PMCID: PMC4640290 DOI: 10.1159/000398793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyper-as well hypothyroidism have an effect on behavior and brain function. Moreover, during development thyroid hormones influence brain structure. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to demonstrate an effect of experimentally induced hyperthyroidism on brain gray matter in healthy adult humans. METHODS High-resolution 3D T1-weighted images were acquired in 29 healthy young subjects prior to as well as after receiving 250 µg of T4 per day for 8 weeks. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed using Statistical Parametric Mapping 8 (SPM8). RESULTS Laboratory testing confirmed the induction of hyperthyroidism. In the hyperthyroid condition, gray matter volumes were increased in the right posterior cerebellum (lobule VI) and decreased in the bilateral visual cortex and anterior cerebellum (lobules I-IV) compared to the euthyroid condition. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that short periods of hyperthyroidism induce distinct alterations in brain structures of cerebellar regions that have been associated with sensorimotor functions as well as working memory in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Göbel
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martin Göttlich
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anna-Luise Dirk
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Georg Brabant
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- *Thomas F. Münte, Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, DE-23538 Lübeck (Germany), E-Mail
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26
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Gelinas JN, Fitzpatrick KPV, Kim HC, Bjornson BH. Cerebellar language mapping and cerebral language dominance in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2014; 6:296-306. [PMID: 25379442 PMCID: PMC4215475 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Objective Children with epilepsy often have reorganization of language networks and abnormal brain anatomy, making determination of language lateralization difficult. We characterized the proportion and distribution of language task activation in the cerebellum to determine the relationship to cerebral language lateralization. Methods Forty-six pediatric epilepsy surgery candidates (aged 7–19 years) completed an fMRI auditory semantic decision language task. Distribution of activated voxels and language laterality indices were computed using: (a) Broca's and Wernicke's areas and their right cerebral homologues; and (b) left and right cerebellar hemispheres. Language task activation was anatomically localized in the cerebellum. Results Lateralized language task activation in either cerebral hemisphere was highly correlated with lateralized language task activation in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere (Broca vs. cerebellar: ρ = −0.54, p < 0.01). Cerebellar language activation was located within Crus I/II, areas previously implicated in non-motor functional networks. Conclusions Cerebellar language activation occurs in homologous regions of Crus I/II contralateral to cerebral language activation in patients with both right and left cerebral language dominance. Cerebellar language laterality could contribute to comprehensive pre-operative evaluation of language lateralization in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. Our data suggest that patients with atypical cerebellar language activation are at risk for having atypical cerebral language organization. We examine fMRI cerebellar language activation in pediatric epilepsy surgery patients. A semantic decision task is employed to lateralize cerebral and cerebellar language. Cerebral and contralateral cerebellar language activations are highly correlated. Cerebellar language activation is located in right or left Crus I/II. Cerebellar language laterality may aid pre-operative cerebral language localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Gelinas
- Neurosciences and Physiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, 450 East 29th St, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kevin P V Fitzpatrick
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Hong Cheol Kim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Bruce H Bjornson
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, 4480 Oak Street, Vancouver V6H 3V4, Canada ; Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, 950 W. 28th Ave, Vancouver V6H 3V4, Canada
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27
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Murias K, Brooks B, Kirton A, Iaria G. A Review of Cognitive Outcomes in Children Following Perinatal Stroke. Dev Neuropsychol 2014; 39:131-57. [DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2013.870178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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28
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Abstract
While the cerebellum's role in motor function is well recognized, the nature of its concurrent role in cognitive function remains considerably less clear. The current consensus paper gathers diverse views on a variety of important roles played by the cerebellum across a range of cognitive and emotional functions. This paper considers the cerebellum in relation to neurocognitive development, language function, working memory, executive function, and the development of cerebellar internal control models and reflects upon some of the ways in which better understanding the cerebellum's status as a "supervised learning machine" can enrich our ability to understand human function and adaptation. As all contributors agree that the cerebellum plays a role in cognition, there is also an agreement that this conclusion remains highly inferential. Many conclusions about the role of the cerebellum in cognition originate from applying known information about cerebellar contributions to the coordination and quality of movement. These inferences are based on the uniformity of the cerebellum's compositional infrastructure and its apparent modular organization. There is considerable support for this view, based upon observations of patients with pathology within the cerebellum.
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29
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Lidzba K, Konietzko A, Schwilling E, Krägeloh-Mann I, Winkler S. Processing of non-canonical word-order: a case-series on lesion-induced reorganized language and age-effects in typical development. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2013; 127:377-387. [PMID: 24267487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Complex grammatical structures are mastered late in language acquisition. We studied age-effects on performance in object topicalization in 48 typically developing German-speaking participants (aged 8-30years) and in five patients (children and adolescents) with lesion-induced atypical language representation. Production was tested by a sentence repetition task, comprehension by an acting out task. Three topicalized conditions with differing disambiguation (agreement, case, and case plus agreement) were contrasted with canonical control sentences. Children's (aged 8-13years) performance was significantly below that of adolescents and adults in all topicalized conditions. All participants made most mistakes in the agreement condition. Patients showed remarkable difficulties as compared with age-appropriate control groups in all topicalization conditions and across age-groups. Despite the small sample size, the consistency of these difficulties might hint to the importance of an intact typical neural language substrate for processing complex grammatical structures even in very early brain lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lidzba
- University of Tübingen, Collaborative Research Center 833, Nauklerstr. 35, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; University Children's Hospital, Dept. Pediatric Neurology, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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30
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Hardiman MJ, Hsu HJ, Bishop DVM. Children with specific language impairment are not impaired in the acquisition and retention of Pavlovian delay and trace conditioning of the eyeblink response. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2013; 127:428-439. [PMID: 24139661 PMCID: PMC3847270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Three converging lines of evidence have suggested that cerebellar abnormality is implicated in developmental language and literacy problems. First, some brain imaging studies have linked abnormalities in cerebellar grey matter to dyslexia and specific language impairment (SLI). Second, theoretical accounts of both dyslexia and SLI have postulated impairments of procedural learning and automatisation of skills, functions that are known to be mediated by the cerebellum. Third, motor learning has been shown to be abnormal in some studies of both disorders. We assessed the integrity of face related regions of the cerebellum using Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in 7-11year-old children with SLI. We found no relationship between oral language skills or literacy skills with either delay or trace conditioning in the children. We conclude that this elementary form of associative learning is intact in children with impaired language or literacy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervyn J Hardiman
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3UD, United Kingdom.
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31
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Datta AN, Oser N, Ramelli GP, Gobbin NZ, Lantz G, Penner IK, Weber P. BECTS evolving to Landau-Kleffner Syndrome and back by subsequent recovery: a longitudinal language reorganization case study using fMRI, source EEG, and neuropsychological testing. Epilepsy Behav 2013; 27:107-14. [PMID: 23399945 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
By means of a longitudinal case study, we demonstrated the course of cerebral reorganization of language representation due to epilepsy in a child with benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BECTS) evolving to Landau-Kleffner Syndrome (LKS) and returning to BECTS. The child underwent the following procedures at the ages of 8.2, 8.6, and 9.3 years: 3D source EEG imaging, language fMRI (sentence generation and reading), and neuropsychological testing. He had a follow-up testing at the age of 10.8 years. Further, 24-h EEGs were regularly performed. At the age of around 8 years, the child was diagnosed initially with left-hemispheric BECTS, which evolved to LKS with continuous bilateral discharges. In addition, 3D source imaging data revealed a left anterior temporal focus with a spreading to the right parietal and left centro-parietal areas. The patient had verbal agnosia with poor verbal yet good performance indices. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) showed a left-hemispheric reading network but sentence generation was impossible to perform. After initiation of adequate treatment, continuous discharges disappeared, and only very rare left-hemispheric centro-temporal spikes remained. Verbal IQ and performance IQ increased at the age of 8.6 years. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed, at this time, a right-hemispheric language activation pattern for sentence generation and reading. At the ages of 9.3 and 10.8 years, language tasks remained right-hemispheric and verbal IQ remained stable, but right-hemispheric non-verbal functions decreased due to possible crowding-out mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Datta
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, University Children's Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
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Szaflarski JP, Allendorfer JB, Banks C, Vannest J, Holland SK. Recovered vs. not-recovered from post-stroke aphasia: the contributions from the dominant and non-dominant hemispheres. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2013; 31:347-60. [PMID: 23482065 PMCID: PMC3701454 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-120267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several adult studies have documented the importance of the peri-stroke areas to aphasia recovery. But, studies examining the differences in patterns of cortical participation in language comprehension in patients who have (LMCA-R) or have not recovered (LMCA-NR) from left middle cerebral artery infarction have not been performed up to date. METHODS In this study, we compare cortical correlates of language comprehension using fMRI and semantic decision/tone decision task in 9 LMCA-R and 18 LMCA-NR patients matched at the time of stroke for age and handedness. We examine the cortical correlates of language performance by correlating intra- and extra-scanner measures of linguistic performance with fMRI activation and stroke volumes. RESULTS Our analyses show that LMCA-R at least 1 year after stroke show a return to typical fMRI language activation patterns and that there is a compensatory reorganization of language function in LMCA-NR patients with shifts to the right hemispheric brain regions. Further, with increasing strength of the left-hemispheric fMRI signal shift there are associated improvements in performance as tested with standardized linguistic measures. A negative correlation between the size of the stroke and performance on some of the linguistic tests is also observed. CONCLUSIONS This right-hemispheric shift as a mechanism of post-stroke recovery in adults appears to be an ineffective mode of language function recovery with increasing right-hemispheric shift associated with lower language performance. Thus, normalization of the post-stroke language activation patterns is needed for better language performance while shifts of the activation patterns to the non-dominant (right) hemisphere and/or large stroke size are associated with decreased linguistic abilities after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy P. Szaflarski
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jane B. Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christi Banks
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Vannest
- Department of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Scott K. Holland
- Department of Neurology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Wang D, Buckner RL, Liu H. Cerebellar asymmetry and its relation to cerebral asymmetry estimated by intrinsic functional connectivity. J Neurophysiol 2012; 109:46-57. [PMID: 23076113 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00598.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetry of the human cerebellum was investigated using intrinsic functional connectivity. Regions of functional asymmetry within the cerebellum were identified during resting-state functional MRI (n = 500 subjects) and replicated in an independent cohort (n = 500 subjects). The most strongly right lateralized cerebellar regions fell within the posterior lobe, including crus I and crus II, in regions estimated to link to the cerebral association cortex. The most strongly left lateralized cerebellar regions were located in lobules VI and VIII in regions linked to distinct cerebral association networks. Comparison of cerebellar asymmetry with independently estimated cerebral asymmetry revealed that the lateralized regions of the cerebellum belong to the same networks that are strongly lateralized in the cerebrum. The degree of functional asymmetry of the cerebellum across individuals was significantly correlated with cerebral asymmetry and varied with handedness. In addition, cerebellar asymmetry estimated at rest predicted cerebral lateralization during an active language task. These results demonstrate that functional lateralization is likely a unitary feature of large-scale cerebrocerebellar networks, consistent with the hypothesis that the cerebellum possesses a roughly homotopic map of the cerebral cortex including the prominent asymmetries of the association cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhong Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Berl MM, Mayo J, Parks EN, Rosenberger LR, VanMeter J, Ratner NB, Vaidya CJ, Gaillard WD. Regional differences in the developmental trajectory of lateralization of the language network. Hum Brain Mapp 2012; 35:270-84. [PMID: 23033058 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The timing and developmental factors underlying the establishment of language dominance are poorly understood. We investigated the degree of lateralization of traditional frontotemporal and modulatory prefrontal-cerebellar regions of the distributed language network in children (n = 57) ages 4 to 12--a critical period for language consolidation. We examined the relationship between the strength of language lateralization and neuropsychological measures and task performance. The fundamental language network is established by four with ongoing maturation of language functions as evidenced by strengthening of lateralization in the traditional frontotemporal language regions; temporal regions were strongly and consistently lateralized by age seven, while frontal regions had greater variability and were less strongly lateralized through age 10. In contrast, the modulatory prefrontal-cerebellar regions were the least strongly lateralized and degree of lateralization was not associated with age. Stronger core language skills were significantly correlated with greater right lateralization in the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison M Berl
- Department of Neurosciences, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Tivarus ME, Starling SJ, Newport EL, Langfitt JT. Homotopic language reorganization in the right hemisphere after early left hemisphere injury. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2012; 123:1-10. [PMID: 22835489 PMCID: PMC3443966 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To determine the areas involved in reorganization of language to the right hemisphere after early left hemisphere injury, we compared fMRI activation patterns during four production and comprehension tasks in post-surgical epilepsy patients with either left (LH) or right hemisphere (RH) speech dominance (determined by Wada testing) and healthy controls. Patient groups were carefully matched for IQ, lesion location and size. RH patients' activation across all tasks was greatest in right hemisphere areas homotopic to areas activated by LH and control participants. Differences in right vs. left dominant hemisphere activation were limited to homologous areas typically activated by language tasks, supporting the hypothesis that language localization following transfer to the RH is the mirror-image of localization in the absence of transfer. The similarity of these findings to those in patients with larger, peri-sylvian lesions suggests that these areas in both hemispheres may be uniquely predisposed to subserve various language functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina E. Tivarus
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, 110 Science Parkway, Rochester NY 14620, USA
- Rochester Center for Brain Imaging, University of Rochester, 430 Elmwood Ave., Medical Center Annex, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
| | - Sarah J. Starling
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Meliora Hall, Box 270268, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Elissa L. Newport
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Meliora Hall, Box 270268, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - John T. Langfitt
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 673, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 673, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Ley AE, Golomb MR. Unexpected good motor and cognitive function in an extremely premature child with a history of perinatal cerebellar hemispheric infarction and multiple other risk factors for poor outcome. J Child Neurol 2012; 27:402-4. [PMID: 21954433 DOI: 10.1177/0883073811420873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerebellar infarction is a known possible complication of extreme prematurity, and usually results in severe disability. This report presents a 20-month-old girl (16 months corrected), who was born in a toilet at 24 weeks gestational age. She had multiple neonatal predictors of poor outcome, including unilateral cerebellar hemispheric infarction, grade 3 intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, fungal sepsis, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary valve stenosis, lack of prenatal care, and poor social situation. Despite all these poor prognostic factors, she was close to meeting corrected-age-appropriate motor and cognitive milestones. The etiology and outcomes of cerebellar infarction in extremely premature neonates, and possible contributors to this child's function, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Ley
- Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
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Schwilling E, Krägeloh-Mann I, Konietzko A, Winkler S, Lidzba K. Testing the language of German cerebral palsy patients with right hemispheric language organization after early left hemispheric damage. CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS 2012; 26:135-147. [PMID: 21787139 DOI: 10.3109/02699206.2011.595525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Language functions are generally represented in the left cerebral hemisphere. After early (prenatally acquired or perinatally acquired) left hemispheric brain damage language functions may be salvaged by reorganization into the right hemisphere. This is different from brain lesions acquired in adulthood which normally lead to aphasia. Right hemispheric reorganized language (RL) is not associated with obvious language deficits. In this pilot study we compared a group of German-speaking patients with left hemispheric brain damage and RL with a group of matched healthy controls. The novel combination of reliable language lateralization as assessed by neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and specific linguistic tasks revealed significant differences between patients with RL and healthy controls in both language comprehension and production. Our results provide evidence for the hypothesis that RL is significantly different from normal left hemispheric language. This knowledge can be used to improve counselling of parents and to develop specific therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonore Schwilling
- University of Tübingen, and Department of Neuropediatrics, University Children's Hospital, SFB 833, Tübingen, Germany.
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Cooper FE, Grube M, Von Kriegstein K, Kumar S, English P, Kelly TP, Chinnery PF, Griffiths TD. Distinct critical cerebellar subregions for components of verbal working memory. Neuropsychologia 2012; 50:189-97. [PMID: 22133495 PMCID: PMC4040406 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A role for the cerebellum in cognition has been proposed based on studies suggesting a profile of cognitive deficits due to cerebellar stroke. Such studies are limited in the determination of the detailed organisation of cerebellar subregions that are critical for different aspects of cognition. In this study we examined the correlation between cognitive performance and cerebellar integrity in a specific degeneration of the cerebellar cortex: Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 6 (SCA6). The results demonstrate a critical relationship between verbal working memory and grey matter density in superior (bilateral lobules VI and crus I of lobule VII) and inferior (bilateral lobules VIIIa and VIIIb, and right lobule IX) parts of the cerebellum. We demonstrate that distinct cerebellar regions subserve different components of the prevalent psychological model for verbal working memory based on a phonological loop. The work confirms the involvement of the cerebellum in verbal working memory and defines specific subsystems for this within the cerebellum.
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O'Halloran CJ, Kinsella GJ, Storey E. The cerebellum and neuropsychological functioning: a critical review. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2011; 34:35-56. [PMID: 22047489 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2011.614599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum, while once considered a brain region principally involved in motor control and coordination, is increasingly becoming associated with a range of neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric presentations. This paper reviews the dominant neuropsychological domains and neuropsychiatric conditions for which cerebellar involvement has been demonstrated, including visuospatial functioning, learning and memory, language, executive functioning, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia. The paper concludes with a discussion of a potential neuropsychological localization model within the cerebellum and a discussion of prognosis and rates of recovery that can be expected, following localized cerebellar lesions.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To explore increasingly compelling evidence that the adult human cerebellum is involved in nonmotor affective and cognitive activity, including language-functions that have in the past been associated largely with the limbic system and the cerebral cortex. METHOD We review clinical studies of patients with cerebellar lesions, nonclinical neuroimaging studies of individuals engaged in completing selected tasks, and neuroanatomical as well as neuroimaging studies of brain interconnections. In the course of this review, we also report on a variety of hypotheses regarding the nature of the cerebellum's work in affective processing and language/cognition. RESULTS This review suggests that the cerebellum has considerable influence in language processing and other related higher level affective/cognitive activities. CONCLUSION We conclude with a preliminary list of important clinical implications of these results.
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Lidzba K, Schwilling E, Grodd W, Krägeloh-Mann I, Wilke M. Language comprehension vs. language production: age effects on fMRI activation. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2011; 119:6-15. [PMID: 21450336 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Normal language acquisition is a process that unfolds with amazing speed primarily in the first years of life. However, the refinement of linguistic proficiency is an ongoing process, extending well into childhood and adolescence. An increase in lateralization and a more focussed productive language network have been suggested to be the neural correlates of this process. However, the processes underlying the refinement of language comprehension are less clear. Using a language comprehension (Beep Stories) and a language production (Vowel Identification) task in fMRI, we studied language representation and lateralization in 36 children, adolescents, and young adults (age 6-24 years). For the language comprehension network, we found a more focal activation with age in the bilateral superior temporal gyri. No significant increase of lateralization with age could be observed, so the neural basis of language comprehension as assessed with the Beep Stories task seems to be established in a bilateral network by late childhood. For the productive network, however, we could confirm an increase with age both in focus and lateralization. Only in the language comprehension task did verbal IQ correlate with lateralization, with higher verbal IQ being associated with more right-hemispheric involvement. In some subjects (24%), language comprehension and language production were lateralized to opposite hemispheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lidzba
- Pediatric Neurology & Developmental Medicine, Tübingen, Germany.
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Ebner K, Lidzba K, Hauser TK, Wilke M. Assessing language and visuospatial functions with one task: a "dual use" approach to performing fMRI in children. Neuroimage 2011; 58:923-9. [PMID: 21726649 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to increase the rate of successful functional MR studies in children it is helpful to shorten the time spent in the scanner. To this effect, assessing two cognitive functions with one task seems to be a promising approach. The hypothesis of this study was that the control condition of an established language task (vowel identification task, VIT) requires visuospatial processing and that the control condition (VIT(CC)) therefore may also be applicable to localize visuospatial functions. As a reference task, a visual search task (VST, previously established for use in children) was employed. To test this hypothesis, 43 children (19 f, 24 m; 12.0±2.6, range 7.9 to 17.8 years) were recruited and scanned using both tasks. Second-level random effects group analyses showed activation of left inferior-frontal cortex in the active condition of the VIT, as in previous studies. Additionally, analysis of the VIT(CC) demonstrated activation in right-dominant superior parietal and high-frontal brain regions, classically associated with visuospatial functions; activation seen in the VST was similar with a substantial overlap. However, lateralization in the parietal lobe was significantly more bilateral in the VST than in the VIT(CC). This suggests that the VIT can not only be applied to assess language functions (using the active>control contrast), but also that the control>active condition is useful for assessing visuospatial functions. Future task design may benefit from such a "dual use" approach to performing fMRI not only, but also particularly in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathina Ebner
- Pediatric Neurology & Developmental Medicine and Experimental Pediatric Neuroimaging, Children's Hospital University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Peterburs J, Bellebaum C, Koch B, Schwarz M, Daum I. Working memory and verbal fluency deficits following cerebellar lesions: relation to interindividual differences in patient variables. THE CEREBELLUM 2011; 9:375-83. [PMID: 20387024 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-010-0171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Findings concerning cognitive impairment in patients with focal cerebellar lesions tend to be inconsistent and usually reflect a mild deficit. Patient variables such as lesion age and the age at lesion onset might affect functional reorganization and contribute to the variability of the findings. To assess this issue, 14 patients with focal vascular cerebellar lesions and 14 matched healthy control subjects performed a verbal working memory and a verbal long-term memory task as well as verbal fluency tasks. Patients showed deficits in working memory and verbal fluency, while recall of complex narrative material was intact. Verbal fluency performance correlated significantly with age in the patient group, with more severe impairments in older patients, suggesting that age at lesion onset is a critical variable for cognitive outcome. In controls, no significant correlations with age were observed. Taken together, our findings support the idea of cerebellar involvement in nonmotor functions and indicate the relevance of interindividual differences in regard to clinical parameters after focal cerebellar damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Peterburs
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
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Strandberg M, Elfgren C, Mannfolk P, Olsrud J, Stenberg L, van Westen D, Larsson EM, Rorsman I, Källén K. fMRI memory assessment in healthy subjects: a new approach to view lateralization data at an individual level. Brain Imaging Behav 2010; 5:1-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-010-9106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingeborg Krägeloh-Mann
- Department of Pediatric and Developmetal Neurology, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
Children with injury to the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit a variety of language disorders that have been described by members of different disciplines, in different journals, using different descriptors and taxonomies. This paper is an overview of language deficits in children with CNS injury, whether congenital or acquired after a period of normal development. It first reviews the principal CNS conditions associated with language disorders in childhood. It then describes a functional taxonomy of language, with examples of the phenomenology and neurobiology of clinical deficits in children with CNS insults. Finally, it attempts to situate language in the broader realm of cognition and in current theoretical accounts of embodied cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Dennis
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
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Abstract
Brain abnormality in surviving premature infants is associated with an enormous amount of neurodevelopmental disability, manifested principally by cognitive, behavioral, attentional, and socialization deficits, most commonly with only relatively modest motor deficits. The most recognized contributing neuropathology is cerebral white matter injury. The thesis of this review is that acquired cerebellar abnormality is a relatively less recognized but likely important cause of neurodevelopmental disability in small premature infants. The cerebellar disease may be primarily destructive (eg, hemorrhage, infarction) or primarily underdevelopment. The latter appears to be especially common and relates to a particular vulnerability of the cerebellum of the small premature infant. Central to this vulnerability are the extraordinarily rapid and complex developmental events occurring in the cerebellum. The disturbance of development can be caused either by direct adverse effects on the cerebellum, especially the distinctive transient external granular layer, or by indirect remote trans-synaptic effects. This review describes the fascinating details of cerebellar development, with an emphasis on events in the premature period, the major types of cerebellar abnormality acquired during the premature period, their likely mechanisms of occurrence, and new insights into the relation of cerebellar disease in early life to subsequent cognitive/behavioral/attentional/socialization deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Volpe
- From the Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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