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Badawy MM, Sayed-Ahmed MZ, Almoshari Y, Alqahtani SS, Alshahrani S, Mabrouk HAA, Abd-Elsalam MM, Alkashif K, Ahmad S, El-Sebaey AM, Hamama MG, Ahmed DAM. Magnesium Supplementation Alleviates the Toxic Effects of Silica Nanoparticles on the Kidneys, Liver, and Adrenal Glands in Rats. TOXICS 2023; 11:381. [PMID: 37112608 PMCID: PMC10141093 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Concerns regarding the possible hazards to human health have been raised by the growing usage of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) in a variety of applications, including industrial, agricultural, and medical applications. This in vivo subchronic study was conducted to assess the following: (1) the toxicity of orally administered SiNPs on the liver, kidneys, and adrenal glands; (2) the relationship between SiNPs exposure and oxidative stress; and (3) the role of magnesium in mitigating these toxic effects. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley male adult rats were divided equally into four groups, as follows: control group, magnesium (Mg) group (50 mg/kg/d), SiNPs group (100 mg/kg/d), and SiNPs+ Mg group. Rats were treated with SiNPs by oral gavage for 90 days. The liver transaminases, serum creatinine, and cortisol levels were evaluated. The tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Additionally, the weight of the organs and the histopathological changes were examined. Our results demonstrated that SiNPs exposure caused increased weight in the kidneys and adrenal glands. Exposure to SiNPs was also associated with significant alterations in liver transaminases, serum creatinine, cortisol, MDA, and GSH. Additionally, histopathological changes were significantly reported in the liver, kidneys, and adrenal glands of SiNPs-treated rats. Notably, when we compared the control group with the treated groups with SiNPs and Mg, the results revealed that magnesium could mitigate SiNPs-induced biochemical and histopathologic changes, confirming its effective role as an antioxidant that reduced the accumulation of SiNPs in tissues, and that it returns the levels of liver transaminases, serum creatinine, cortisol, MDA, and GSH to almost normal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Moharram Badawy
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z. Sayed-Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Yosif Almoshari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Allah Ali Mabrouk
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Khalid Alkashif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. El-Sebaey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed G. Hamama
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Dalia Alsaied Moustafa Ahmed
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Ogórek M, Herman S, Pierzchała O, Bednarz A, Rajfur Z, Baster Z, Grzmil P, Starzyński RR, Szudzik M, Jończy A, Lipiński P, Lenartowicz M. Molecular machinery providing copper bioavailability for spermatozoa along the epididymial tubule in mouse. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1505-1520. [PMID: 30997485 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive functional maturation of spermatozoa is completed during the transit of these cells through the epididymis, a tubule structure connecting a testicle to a vas deferens. Epididymal epithelial cells by means of their secretory and absorptive functions determine a highly specialized luminal microenvironment containing multiple organic and inorganic components. The latter include copper ions, which due to their redox properties are indispensable for critical homeostatic processes occurring in spermatozoa floating in different part of epididymis but can be potentially toxic. Main purpose of our study was to determine epididymal region-dependent expression and localization of copper transporters ensuring a tight control of copper concentration in epididymal fluid. We also aimed at identifying proteins responsible for copper uptake by spermatozoa and verifying whether this process is coordinated with copper supply to superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), a copper-dependent antioxidant enzyme. Our study identifies two ATPases-ATP7A, ATP7B and Slc31a1, major copper importers/exporters depending on their differential expression on epididymal polarized epithelial cells of the caput, corpus, and cauda. Next, ceruloplasmin seems to be a chief protein transporting copper in the epididymal fluid and providing this biometal to spermatozoa. The entry of copper to germ cells is mediated by Slc31a1 and is correlated with both expressions of copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS), copper chaperone directly providing copper ions to SOD1 and with the expression and activity of the latter. Our results outline a network of cooperating copper binding proteins expressed in epididymal epithelium and in spermatozoa that orchestrate bioavailability of this microelement for gametes and protect them against copper toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ogórek
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - S Herman
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - O Pierzchała
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - A Bednarz
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Z Rajfur
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Z Baster
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - P Grzmil
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - R R Starzyński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - M Szudzik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - A Jończy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - P Lipiński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - M Lenartowicz
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Shafeeq S, Mahboob T. Magnesium supplementation ameliorates toxic effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in rat model. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:47-58. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119874428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is an extensively used herbicide in the field of agriculture, its ever-escalating use induces toxicity, health effects, and environmental impact. Oxidative stress plays a key role in pathogenesis of 2,4-D-induced liver and kidney damage. Magnesium (Mg) is a highly effective antioxidant agent in restoring oxidative damage by directly influencing the metabolic and physiological processes. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate Mg role in ameliorating the oxidative damages provoked by 2,4-D in rat model. Male Wistar rats (180–220 g) were distributed into four groups and treated intragastrically for 4 weeks. Group 1: control, group 2: 2,4-D (150 mg/kg body weight/day), group 3: simultaneously treated with 2,4-D (150 mg/kg body weight/day) and Mg supplement (50 mg/kg body weight/day), and group 4: Mg supplement (50 mg/kg body weight/day). Under experimental conditions, plasma hepatic and renal biomarkers, tissue oxidative status, and antioxidant enzymes activities were investigated. Results demonstrated that 2,4-D intoxication caused hepatic and renal impairments as indicated by the significantly increased ( p < 0.001) alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels. In addition, 2,4-D caused a significant enhancement ( p < 0.001) in the level of malondialdehyde as well as reduction ( p < 0.001) of the superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities in both hepatic and renal tissues. Mg treatment prevented and reversed the toxic variations induced by 2,4-D. In general, these outcomes suggest that Mg may have antioxidant potential and ameliorative effects against 2,4-D provoking hepatic and renal toxicity in rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shafeeq
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - T Mahboob
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Time bound changes (in 24 h) in human sperm motility and level of calcium and magnesium in seminal plasma. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Dietary magnesium deficiency impaired intestinal structural integrity in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Sci Rep 2018; 8:12705. [PMID: 30139942 PMCID: PMC6107577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Grass carp (223.85–757.33 g) were fed diets supplemented with magnesium (73.54–1054.53 mg/kg) for 60 days to explore the impacts of magnesium deficiency on the growth and intestinal structural integrity of the fish. The results demonstrated that magnesium deficiency suppressed the growth and damaged the intestinal structural integrity of the fish. We first demonstrated that magnesium is partly involved in (1) attenuating antioxidant ability by suppressing Nrf2 signalling to decrease antioxidant enzyme mRNA levels and activities (except CuZnSOD mRNA levels and activities); (2) aggravating apoptosis by activating JNK (not p38MAPK) signalling to upregulate proapoptotic protein (Apaf-1, Bax and FasL) and caspase-2, -3, -7, -8 and -9 gene expression but downregulate antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2, IAP and Mcl-1b) gene expression; (3) weakening the function of tight junctional complexes (TJs) by promoting myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) signalling to downregulate TJ gene expression [except claudin-7, ZO-2b and claudin-15 gene expression]. Additionally, based on percent weight gain (PWG), against reactive oxygen species (ROS), against caspase-9 and claudin-3c in grass carp, the optimal dietary magnesium levels were calculated to be 770.38, 839.86, 856.79 and 811.49 mg/kg, respectively.
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Schlegel RN, Cuffe JSM, Moritz KM, Paravicini TM. Maternal hypomagnesemia causes placental abnormalities and fetal and postnatal mortality. Placenta 2015; 36:750-8. [PMID: 25924939 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnesium (Mg(2+)) is essential for cellular growth and the maintenance of normal cellular processes. However, little is known about how maternal hypomagnesemia during pregnancy affects fetal growth and development. This study investigated the effects of maternal hypomagnesemia on the late gestation placenta and fetus, and postnatal outcomes until weaning. METHODS Female CD1 mice consumed a control (0.2% w/w Mg(2+)), moderately Mg(2+) deficient (MMD; 0.02% w/w Mg(2+)) or severely Mg(2+) deficient (SMD; 0.005% w/w Mg(2+)) diet for 4 weeks prior to mating and throughout pregnancy. Dams were killed at E18.5 for embryonic studies or allowed to litter naturally and the offspring studied up to postnatal day 21. RESULTS At E18.5, both Mg(2+) deficient diets decreased maternal plasma and bone Mg(2+) but only the SMD diet decreased fetal plasma Mg(2+). Maternal hypomagnesemia led to fetal loss and fetal growth restriction. Maternal Mg(2+) deficiency increased placental glycogen cell area and decreased spongiotrophoblast cell area while upregulating mRNA expression of the MagT1 Mg(2+) transporter in spongiotrophoblast cells. The SMD animals also displayed instances of gross placental abnormalities. After birth, pups in the SMD group had increased early postnatal mortality and failed to thrive. Pups in the MMD group underwent catch-up growth but remained shorter than controls at PN21 and were hypomagnesemic and hypoglycemic. CONCLUSIONS These changes suggest that maternal Mg(2+) deficiency during pregnancy impairs placental development and fetal growth, which may have long-term health consequences for offspring. Collectively, these results have important implications for women who are Mg(2+) deficient during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Schlegel
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J S M Cuffe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K M Moritz
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - T M Paravicini
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Maggio M, De Vita F, Lauretani F, Nouvenne A, Meschi T, Ticinesi A, Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M, Dall'Aglio E, Ceda GP. The Interplay between Magnesium and Testosterone in Modulating Physical Function in Men. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:525249. [PMID: 24723948 PMCID: PMC3958794 DOI: 10.1155/2014/525249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of nutritional status as key factor of successful aging is very well recognized. Among the different mechanisms by which nutrients may exert their beneficial effects is the modulation of the hormonal anabolic milieu, which is significantly reduced with aging. Undernutrition and anabolic hormonal deficiency frequently coexist in older individuals determining an increased risk of mobility impairment and other adverse outcomes. Mineral assessment has received attention as an important determinant of physical performance. In particular, there is evidence that magnesium exerts a positive influence on anabolic hormonal status, including Testosterone, in men. In this review we summarize data from observational and intervention studies about the role of magnesium in Testosterone bioactivity and the potential underlying mechanisms of this relationship in male subjects. If larger studies will confirm these pivotal data, the combination of hormonal and mineral replacements might be adopted to prevent or delay the onset of disability in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Maggio
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Department, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
- *Marcello Maggio:
| | - Francesca De Vita
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Fulvio Lauretani
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Department, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Meschi
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Department, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Ticinesi
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Ligia J. Dominguez
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMIS), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMIS), University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dall'Aglio
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Department, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Ceda
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Department, University-Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Nakamura BN, Mohar I, Lawson GW, Cortés MM, Hoang YD, Ortiz L, Patel R, Rau BA, McConnachie LA, Kavanagh TJ, Luderer U. Increased sensitivity to testicular toxicity of transplacental benzo[a]pyrene exposure in male glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit knockout (Gclm-/-) mice. Toxicol Sci 2012; 126:227-41. [PMID: 22253057 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), like benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), are ubiquitous environmental pollutants formed by the incomplete combustion of organic materials. The tripeptide glutathione (GSH) is a major antioxidant and is important in detoxification of PAH metabolites. Mice null for the modifier subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (Gclm), the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis, have decreased GSH concentrations. We investigated the effects of Gclm deletion alone on male fertility and spermatogenesis and its effect on the sensitivity of male embryos to the transplacental testicular toxicity of BaP. Gclm-/- males had dramatically decreased testicular and epididymal GCL enzymatic activity and total GSH concentrations compared with Gclm+/+ littermates. Ratios of reduced to oxidized GSH were significantly increased in Gclm-/- testes. GSH reductase enzymatic activity was increased in Gclm-/- epididymides. We observed no changes in fertility, testicular weights, testicular sperm head counts, or testicular histology and subtle changes in cauda epididymal sperm counts, motility, and morphology in Gclm-/- compared with Gclm+/+ males. Prenatal exposure to BaP from gestational day 7 to 16 was dose dependently associated with significantly decreased testicular and epididymal weights, testicular and epididymal sperm counts, and with vacuolated seminiferous tubules at 10 weeks of age. Gclm-/- males exposed prenatally to BaP had greater decreases in testicular weights, testicular sperm head counts, epididymal sperm counts, and epididymal sperm motility than Gclm+/+ littermates. These results show no effects of Gclm deletion alone on male fertility and testicular spermatogenesis and subtle epididymal effects but support increased sensitivity of Gclm-/- males to the transplacental testicular toxicity of BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke N Nakamura
- Department of Medicine, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California 92617, USA
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Scibior A, Zaporowska H, Niedźwiecka I. Lipid peroxidation in the liver of rats treated with V and/or Mg in drinking water. J Appl Toxicol 2010; 29:619-28. [PMID: 19557770 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The effect of V(5+) and Mg treatment on spontaneous and stimulated lipid peroxidation (LPO) was studied in liver supernatants obtained from outbred 5-month-old, albino male Wistar rats. The 2-month-old animals daily received deionized water to drink (control, group I); group II - water solution of NaVO(3) (SMV) at a concentration of 0.125 mg V ml(-1); group III - water solution of MgSO(4) (MS) at a concentration of 0.06 mg Mg ml(-1), group IV - water solution of SMV-MS at the same concentrations as in groups II and III for V and Mg, respectively, over a 12-week period. Three metal salts were selected as agents that may modify the LPO process (FeSO(4), NaVO(3) and MgSO(4)). V-intoxicated rats and those treated with V and Mg in combination had higher liver spontaneous malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, compared with the control and Mg-supplemented animals. In the same groups of animals the total antioxidant status (TAS) was also significantly lowered, in comparison with the control. In the supernatants obtained from the above-mentioned groups of rats a significant increase in MDA concentration was found in the presence of exogenous 30 microm FeSO(4) as well as 30, 100, 200 and 400 microm NaVO(3), compared with groups I and III. Significantly elevated MDA production was also observed in the supernatants obtained from the rats exposed to V and Mg in combination in the presence of exogenous 100 and 200 microm MgSO(4) in comparison with the control and group III as well as in the presence of exogenous 400 and 600 microm MgSO(4) compared only with group III. In vitro treatment with 1000 microm MgSO(4 )of control liver supernatants and those obtained from group III significantly enhanced MDA level, compared with spontaneous MDA formation. The two-way ANOVA indicated that the changes in the basal MDA level and in TAS in the rats at combined V and Mg application, were not due to V-Mg interaction, but resulted from independent action of V. In addition, the three-way ANOVA revealed that the changes in LPO induced by in vitro treatment of liver supernatants with exogenous Fe or V or Mg (600, 800 and 1000 microm) were a consequence of independent action of those metals and they also resulted from the interactions between Fe(exog) and V(end) and between V(end) and V(exog). In conclusion, V consumed by the rats with drinking water at a dose of 12 mg V kg(-1) body weight per 24 h for 12 weeks decreased TAS and enhanced spontaneous LPO in the hepatic tissue, which confirms its pro-oxidant potential, was also found in in vitro conditions with regard to LPO. Mg administered to rats in combination with V, at the concentration used, neither reduced nor intensified the basal LPO, compared with V-only treated animals; however, its stimulating effect on LPO was revealed in in vitro conditions, which requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Scibior
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Environmental Protection, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Kraśnicka Ave 102, 20-718 Lublin, Poland.
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Boujelben M, Ghorbel F, Vincent C, Makni-Ayadi F, Guermazi F, Croute F, El-Feki A. Lipid peroxidation and HSP72/73 expression in rat following cadmium chloride administration: Interactions of magnesium supplementation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 57:437-43. [PMID: 16616466 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to determine whether magnesium (Mg) supplementation could have a protective effect against the cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress in liver, kidneys and testes of adult male rats. Stress was evaluated by measuring lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the heat shock protein (HSP) 72/73 expression. CdCl2 injections (2.5mg/day/kg body weight) for 10 days resulted in a time dependent increase of Cd accumulation in liver, kidney and testes, the highest levels being found in liver (400 microg/g dried tissue). At the same time, an increase of lipid peroxidation was observed. The effect was maximal at day 1 of Cd treatment in liver and testes, and later (day 5) in kidney. Then, Cd-induced lipid peroxidation decreased, suggesting the activation of antioxidant defense mechanisms. Injections of Mg SO4 (300-600 mg/day/kg body weight) reduced in a dose-dependent manner Cd-induced lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney as well as the accumulation of Cd in liver, kidney and testes. In testes, a protective effect of Mg was found only during the early phase of Cd-poisoning. On days 5 and 10, lipid peroxidation was even increased as compared to controls. In liver and testes only the constitutive HSP73 was detected whereas in kidney both HSP73 and the inducible HSP72 were expressed. HSP72/73 expression was not significantly increased by Cd and HSP73 was even lowered in kidney, probably due to the strong dose used. These results were not modified by Mg injections. CONCLUSION Mg supplementation can reduce Cd accumulation in organs and lipid peroxidation related to Cd administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Boujelben
- Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Animale de la Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, BP. 802-3018 Sfax, Tunisie
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Abstract
Oxidative damage is one threat spermatozoa have to face during epididymal maturation and storage. However, it is clear that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also central for sperm physiology in processes such as sperm maturation and capacitation. It is therefore essential that there exists around sperm cells a fine balance between ROS production and recycling. To do so, sperm cells and epididymal epithelial cells rely on common enzymatic ROS scavengers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidases (GPX) and catalase (CAT) as well as more specific types such as indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO). Among the catalytic triad (SOD/GPX/CAT), the glutathione peroxidase protein family occupies a peculiar position, since several GPX have been found to be present on and around epididymal transiting sperm cells. Here, we will review our present knowledge regarding GPX expression, presence and putative role(s) within the epididymis and on spermatozoa. Taking into account our recent findings regarding the epididymal expression of indoleamine dioxygenase in mouse we will also discuss how we think this superoxide anion recycling enzyme completes the complex ROS generation/recycling balance in this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël R Drevet
- Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS UMR 6547 GEEM, 24 Avenue des Landais, 63177 Aubière, France.
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12
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Britan A, Maffre V, Tone S, Drevet JR. Quantitative and spatial differences in the expression of tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes in mouse epididymis. Cell Tissue Res 2006; 324:301-10. [PMID: 16450123 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-005-0151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports have suggested that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity is particularly important in mouse epididymis tissue. We show here, using reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction assays, Northern assays, Western blotting experiments, and immunohistochemistry that IDO is indeed highly expressed in mouse epididymis, and that IDO mRNA distribution and protein location are precisely regionalized within the organ and within sub-territories of the proximal part of the epididymal duct, the so-called caput epididymidis. Within the caput epididymidis, both the principal and the apical cells have been shown to express IDO. On the contrary, tryptophan dioxygenase (TDO), a sister enzyme of IDO, is weakly and uniformly expressed in mouse epididymis and, in contrast to IDO, is also expressed in testis. In the epididymis, TDO protein expression has been found in a totally different cell type in the smooth muscle layer surrounding the epididymal tubules. Finally, IDO is not secreted into the epididymal lumen, whereas the testis-expressed TDO is present on the head of spermatozoa retrieved from the cauda epididymidis. On the basis of the various functions that have been associated with IDO/TDO, we discuss the putative impacts of IDO/TDO expression on the physiology of mammalian epididymis and spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Britan
- CNRS UMR 6547 GEEM, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, 63177, Aubière, Cedex, France.
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