1
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Wang Z, Felstead HR, Troup RI, Linclau B, Williamson PTF. Lipophilicity Modulations by Fluorination Correlate with Membrane Partitioning. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301077. [PMID: 36932824 PMCID: PMC10946813 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds generally need to cross membranes to arrive at their site of action. The octanol-water partition coefficient (lipophilicity, logPOW ) has proven to be an excellent proxy for membrane permeability. In modern drug discovery, logPOW and bioactivity are optimized simultaneously, for which fluorination is one of the relevant strategies. The question arises as to which extent the often subtle logP modifications resulting from different aliphatic fluorine-motif introductions also lead to concomitant membrane permeability changes, given the difference in molecular environment between octanol and (anisotropic) membranes. It was found that for a given compound class, there is excellent correlation between logPOW values with the corresponding membrane molar partitioning coefficients (logKp ); a study enabled by novel solid-state 19 F NMR MAS methodology using lipid vesicles. Our results show that the factors that cause modulation of octanol-water partition coefficients similarly affect membrane permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wang
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Hannah R. Felstead
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Robert I. Troup
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Southampton HighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular ChemistryGhent University Campus SterreKrijgslaan 281-S49000GhentBelgium
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2
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Microfluidics Biocatalysis System Applied for the Synthesis of N-Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives by Aza-Michael Addition. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12121658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzimidazole scaffolds became an attractive subject due to their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. In this work, a methodology was developed for the synthesis of N-substituted benzimidazole derivatives from benzimidazoles and α, β-unsaturated compounds (acrylonitriles, acrylate esters, phenyl vinyl sulfone) catalyzed by lipase TL IM from Thermomyces lanuginosus in continuous-flow microreactors. Investigations were conducted on reaction parameters such as solvent, substrate ratio, reaction temperature, reactant donor/acceptor structures, and reaction time. The transformation is promoted by inexpensive and readily available lipase in methanol at 45 °C for 35 min. A wide range of β-amino sulfone, β-amino nitrile, and β-amino carbonyl compounds were efficiently and selectively synthesized in high yields (76–97%). All in all, a microfluidic biocatalysis system was applied to the synthesis of N-substituted benzimidazole derivatives, and could serve as a promising fast synthesis strategy for further research to develop novel and highly potent active drugs.
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3
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Fu J, Yue Y, Liu K, Wang S, Zhang Y, Su Q, Gu Q, Lin F, Zhang Y. PTSA-catalyzed selective synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles. Mol Divers 2022; 27:873-887. [PMID: 35718840 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we developed a convenient and efficient method via protonation of p-toluenesulfonic acid promoted cyclocondensation of o-phenylenediamine and aldehydes for selectively synthesizing 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles. This method displayed broad substrate adaptability and afforded the desired products in moderate to excellent yield in short reaction time. The effect of different substituents on the yield was investigated by extending optimum reaction conditions, which was further confirmed by theoretical calculations. It suggested that the surface electrostatic potential of oxygen atom and nitrogen atom on the substrates played important role in the synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles. Besides, the crystal structure of compound 2t in the orthorhombic space group P2(1)/c was presented. Also, the anti-mycolicibacterium smegmatis (MC2155) activity was evaluated using rifampicin as a positive control. The products (2a, 2b, 2c, 2i, 2j, 2k, 2m) showed good antibacterial activities which were comparable to rifampicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxu Fu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuandong Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Kejun Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiliang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Satija G, Sharma B, Madan A, Iqubal A, Shaquiquzzaman M, Akhter M, Parvez S, Khan MA, Alam MM. Benzimidazole based derivatives as anticancer agents: Structure activity relationship analysis for various targets. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garvit Satija
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Barkha Sharma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Anish Madan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Ashif Iqubal
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi India
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5
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Xu J, Sagnelli D, Faisal M, Perzon A, Taresco V, Mais M, Giosafatto CVL, Hebelstrup KH, Ulvskov P, Jørgensen B, Chen L, Howdle SM, Blennow A. Amylose/cellulose nanofiber composites for all-natural, fully biodegradable and flexible bioplastics. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117277. [PMID: 33278948 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thermoplastic, polysaccharide-based plastics are environmentally friendly. However, typical shortcomings include lack of water resistance and poor mechanical properties. Nanocomposite manufacturing using pure, highly linear, polysaccharides can overcome such limitations. Cast nanocomposites were fabricated with plant engineered pure amylose (AM), produced in bulk quantity in transgenic barley grain, and cellulose nanofibers (CNF), extracted from agrowaste sugar beet pulp. Morphology, crystallinity, chemical heterogeneity, mechanics, dynamic mechanical, gas and water permeability, and contact angle of the films were investigated. Blending CNF into the AM matrix significantly enhanced the crystallinity, mechanical properties and permeability, whereas glycerol increased elongation at break, mainly by plasticizing the AM. There was significant phase separation between AM and CNF. Dynamic plasticizing and anti-plasticizing effects of both CNF and glycerol were demonstrated by NMR demonstrating high molecular order, but also non-crystalline, and evenly distributed 20 nm-sized glycerol domains. This study demonstrates a new lead in functional polysaccharide-based bioplastic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchuan Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China; Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Domenico Sagnelli
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marwa Faisal
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Alixander Perzon
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Mais
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kim H Hebelstrup
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Peter Ulvskov
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Bodil Jørgensen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Blennow
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Chontzopoulou E, Tzakos AG, Mavromoustakos T. On the Rational Drug Design for Hypertension through NMR Spectroscopy. Molecules 2020; 26:E12. [PMID: 33375119 PMCID: PMC7792925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antagonists of the AT1receptor (AT1R) are beneficial molecules that can prevent the peptide hormone angiotensin II from binding and activating the specific receptor causing hypertension in pathological states. This review article summarizes the multifaced applications of solid and liquid state high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in antihypertensive commercial drugs that act as AT1R antagonists. The 3D architecture of these compounds is explored through 2D NOESY spectroscopy and their interactions with micelles and lipid bilayers are described using solid state 13CP/MAS, 31P and 2H static solid state NMR spectroscopy. Due to their hydrophobic character, AT1R antagonists do not exert their optimum profile on the AT1R. Therefore, various vehicles are explored so as to effectively deliver these molecules to the site of action and to enhance their pharmaceutical efficacy. Cyclodextrins and polymers comprise successful examples of effective drug delivery vehicles, widely used for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs to the active site of the receptor. High resolution NMR spectroscopy provides valuable information on the physical-chemical forces that govern these drug:vehicle interactions, knowledge required to get a deeper understanding on the stability of the formed complexes and therefore the appropriateness and usefulness of the drug delivery system. In addition, it provides valuable information on the rational design towards the synthesis of more stable and efficient drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Chontzopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
| | - Andreas G. Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece;
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7
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Kellici TF, Ntountaniotis D, Liapakis G, Tzakos AG, Mavromoustakos T. The dynamic properties of angiotensin II type 1 receptor inverse agonists in solution and in the receptor site. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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8
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Ntountaniotis D, Andreadelis I, Kellici TF, Karageorgos V, Leonis G, Christodoulou E, Kiriakidi S, Becker-Baldus J, Stylos EK, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Chatzigiannis CM, Damalas DE, Aksoydan B, Javornik U, Valsami G, Glaubitz C, Durdagi S, Thomaidis NS, Kolocouris A, Plavec J, Tzakos AG, Liapakis G, Mavromoustakos T. Host-Guest Interactions between Candesartan and Its Prodrug Candesartan Cilexetil in Complex with 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: On the Biological Potency for Angiotensin II Antagonism. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:1255-1271. [PMID: 30681344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system inhibitors are for a long time extensively used for the treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases. AT1 receptor blockers (ARBs or sartans) act as antihypertensive drugs by blocking the octapeptide hormone Angiotensin II to stimulate AT1 receptors. The antihypertensive drug candesartan (CAN) is the active metabolite of candesartan cilexetil (Atacand, CC). Complexes of candesartan and candesartan cilexetil with 2-hydroxylpropyl-β-cyclodextrin (2-HP-β-CD) were characterized using high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and solid state 13C cross-polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The 13C CP/MAS results showed broad peaks especially in the aromatic region, thus confirming the strong interactions between cyclodextrin and drugs. This experimental evidence was in accordance with molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanical calculations. The synthesized and characterized complexes were evaluated biologically in vitro. It was shown that as a result of CAN's complexation, CAN exerts higher antagonistic activity than CC. Therefore, a formulation of CC with 2-HP-β-CD is not indicated, while the formulation with CAN is promising and needs further investigation. This intriguing result is justified by the binding free energy calculations, which predicted efficient CC binding to 2-HP-β-CD, and thus, the molecule's availability for release and action on the target is diminished. In contrast, CAN binding was not favored, and this may allow easy release for the drug to exert its bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Ntountaniotis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Ioannis Andreadelis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Tahsin F Kellici
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Vlasios Karageorgos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , University of Crete , Heraklion, Crete 70013 , Greece
| | - Georgios Leonis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Eirini Christodoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Sofia Kiriakidi
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Johanna Becker-Baldus
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry , Goethe University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 , 60438 Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Evgenios K Stylos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Ioannina , Ioannina 45110 , Greece.,Department of Biological Applications and Technology, Biotechnology Laboratory , University of Ioannina , Ioannina 45110 , Greece
| | - Maria V Chatziathanasiadou
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Ioannina , Ioannina 45110 , Greece
| | - Christos M Chatzigiannis
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Ioannina , Ioannina 45110 , Greece
| | - Dimitrios E Damalas
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Busecan Aksoydan
- Department of Biophysics, Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory , Bahcesehir University , Istanbul 34349 , Turkey
| | - Uroš Javornik
- National Institute of Chemistry, Slovenian NMR Centre , SI-1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Clemens Glaubitz
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry , Goethe University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 , 60438 Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Department of Biophysics, Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory , Bahcesehir University , Istanbul 34349 , Turkey
| | - Nikolaos S Thomaidis
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
| | - Antonios Kolocouris
- Department of Pharmacy, Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens 15771 , Greece
| | - Janez Plavec
- National Institute of Chemistry, Slovenian NMR Centre , SI-1001 Ljubljana , Slovenia
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Ioannina , Ioannina 45110 , Greece
| | - George Liapakis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , University of Crete , Heraklion, Crete 70013 , Greece
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimioupolis, Zografou 15771 , Greece
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9
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Liossi ΑS, Ntountaniotis D, Kellici TF, Chatziathanasiadou MV, Megariotis G, Mania M, Becker-Baldus J, Kriechbaum M, Krajnc A, Christodoulou E, Glaubitz C, Rappolt M, Amenitsch H, Mali G, Theodorou DN, Valsami G, Pitsikalis M, Iatrou H, Tzakos AG, Mavromoustakos T. Exploring the interactions of irbesartan and irbesartan-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex with model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1089-1098. [PMID: 28274845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The interactions of irbesartan (IRB) and irbesartan-2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) complex with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers have been explored utilizing an array of biophysical techniques ranging from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), ESI mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR). Molecular dynamics (MD) calculations have been also conducted to complement the experimental results. Irbesartan was found to be embedded in the lipid membrane core and to affect the phase transition properties of the DPPC bilayers. SAXS studies revealed that irbesartan alone does not display perfect solvation since some coexisting irbesartan crystallites are present. In its complexed form IRB gets fully solvated in the membranes showing that encapsulation of IRB in HP-β-CD may have beneficial effects in the ADME properties of this drug. MD experiments revealed the topological and orientational integration of irbesartan into the phospholipid bilayer being placed at about 1nm from the membrane centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Αdamantia S Liossi
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Ntountaniotis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Tahsin F Kellici
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
| | | | - Grigorios Megariotis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Mania
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece; Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Rio 26510, Greece
| | - Johanna Becker-Baldus
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Manfred Kriechbaum
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/5, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andraž Krajnc
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Eirini Christodoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Clemens Glaubitz
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Rappolt
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Heinz Amenitsch
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9/5, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gregor Mali
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Doros N Theodorou
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Marinos Pitsikalis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Hermis Iatrou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, GR-45110, Greece
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece; Department of Chemistry, York College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 94-20 Guy R. Brewer Blvd., Jamaica, New York, 11451, United States.
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10
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Ekhteiari Salmas R, Durdagi S, Gulhan MF, Duruyurek M, Abdullah HI, Selamoglu Z. The effects of pollen, propolis, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester on tyrosine hydroxylase activity and total RNA levels in hypertensive rats caused by nitric oxide synthase inhibition: experimental, docking and molecular dynamic studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:609-620. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1288660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Ekhteiari Salmas
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fuat Gulhan
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Merve Duruyurek
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biotechnology, Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey
| | - Huda I. Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla 10595, NY, USA
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biotechnology, Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde 51240, Turkey
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11
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Akhtar W, Khan MF, Verma G, Shaquiquzzaman M, Rizvi MA, Mehdi SH, Akhter M, Alam MM. Therapeutic evolution of benzimidazole derivatives in the last quinquennial period. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:705-753. [PMID: 27951484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole, a fused heterocycle bearing benzene and imidazole has gained considerable attention in the field of contemporary medicinal chemistry. The moiety is of substantial importance because of its wide array of pharmacological activities. This nitrogen containing heterocycle is a part of a number of therapeutically used agents. Moreover, a number of patents concerning this moiety in the last few years further highlight its worth. The present review covers the recent work published by scientists across the globe during last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Akhtar
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Garima Verma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M A Rizvi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Hassan Mehdi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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12
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Kellici TF, Tzakos AG, Mavromoustakos T. Rational drug design and synthesis of molecules targeting the angiotensin II type 1 and type 2 receptors. Molecules 2015; 20:3868-97. [PMID: 25738535 PMCID: PMC6272512 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20033868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 and type 2 receptors (AT1R and AT2R) orchestrate an array of biological processes that regulate human health. Aberrant function of these receptors triggers pathophysiological responses that can ultimately lead to death. Therefore, it is important to design and synthesize compounds that affect beneficially these two receptors. Cardiovascular disease, which is attributed to the overactivation of the vasoactive peptide hormone Αng II, can now be treated with commercial AT1R antagonists. Herein, recent achievements in rational drug design and synthesis of molecules acting on the two AT receptors are reviewed. Quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) and molecular modeling on the two receptors aim to assist the search for new active compounds. As AT1R and AT2R are GPCRs and drug action is localized in the transmembrane region the role of membrane bilayers is exploited. The future perspectives in this field are outlined. Tremendous progress in the field is expected if the two receptors are crystallized, as this will assist the structure based screening of the chemical space and lead to new potent therapeutic agents in cardiovascular and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahsin F Kellici
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou 15771, Greece.
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