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Wang L, An X, Xiao X, Li N, Xie D, Lai F, Zhang Q. Treatment of thiocyanate-containing wastewater: a critical review of thiocyanate destruction in industrial effluents. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:35. [PMID: 36469179 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Thiocyanate is a common pollutant in gold mine, textile, printing, dyeing, coking and other industries. Therefore, thiocyanate in industrial wastewater is an urgent problem to be solved. This paper reviews the chemical properties, applications, sources and toxicity of thiocyanate, as well as the various treatment methods for thiocyanate in wastewater and their advantages and disadvantages. It is emphasized that biological systems, ranging from laboratory to full-scale, are able to successfully remove thiocyanate from factories. Thiocyanate-degrading microorganisms degrade thiocyanate in autotrophic manner for energy, while other biodegrading microorganisms use thiocyanate as a carbon or nitrogen source, and the biochemical pathways and enzymes involved in thiocyanate metabolism by different bacteria are discussed in detail. In the future, degradation mechanisms should be investigated at the molecular level, with further research aiming to improve the biochemical understanding of thiocyanate metabolism and scaling up thiocyanate degradation technologies from the laboratory to a full-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuwei Wang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao An
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshuang Xiao
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningjian Li
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Xie
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenju Lai
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Deng YF, Zan FX, Huang H, Wu D, Tang WT, Chen GH. Coupling sulfur-based denitrification with anammox for effective and stable nitrogen removal: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 224:119051. [PMID: 36113234 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anoxic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process for wastewater treatment. However, the unstable nitrite supply and residual nitrate in the anammox process have limited its wide application. Recent studies have proven coupling of sulfur-based denitrification with anammox (SDA) can achieve an effective nitrogen removal, owing to stable provision of substrate nitrite from the sulfur-based denitrification, thus making its process control more efficient in comparison with that of partial nitrification and anammox process. Meanwhile, the anammox-produced nitrate can be eliminated through sulfur-based denitrification, thereby enhancing SDA's overall nitrogen removal efficiency. Nonetheless, this process is governed by a complex microbial system that involves both complicated sulfur and nitrogen metabolisms as well as multiple interactions among sulfur-oxidising bacteria and anammox bacteria. A comprehensive understanding of the principles of the SDA process is the key to facilitating the development and application of this novel process. Hence, this review is conducted to systematically summarise various findings on the SDA process, including its associated biochemistry, biokinetic reactions, reactor performance, and application. The dominant functional bacteria and microbial interactions in the SDA process are further discussed. Finally, the advantages, challenges, and future research perspectives of SDA are outlined. Overall, this work gives an in-depth insight into the coupling mechanism of SDA and its potential application in biological nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Fan Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Center for Environmental and Energy Research, Ghent University Global Campus, Republic of Korea
| | - Wen-Tao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang-Hao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control and Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China; Shenzhen Research Institute, Fok Ying Tung Graduate School, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Schulz A, Surkau J. Main group cyanides: from hydrogen cyanide to cyanido-complexes. REV INORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2021-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Homoleptic cyanide compounds exist of almost all main group elements. While the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals form cyanide salts, the cyanides of the lighter main group elements occur mainly as covalent compounds. This review gives an overview of the status quo of main group element cyanides and cyanido complexes. Information about syntheses are included as well as applications, special substance properties, bond lengths, spectroscopic characteristics and computations. Cyanide chemistry is presented mainly from the field of inorganic chemistry, but aspects of chemical biology and astrophysics are also discussed in relation to cyano compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Schulz
- Chemie , Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock , Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Germany
| | - Jonas Surkau
- Chemie , Universität Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059 Rostock , Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Germany
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4
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Cai X, Li J, Guan F, Luo X, Yuan Y. Unveiling metabolic characteristics of an uncultured Gammaproteobacterium responsible for in situ PAH biodegradation in petroleum polluted soil. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:7093-7104. [PMID: 34674400 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the metabolic characteristics of indigenous PAH degraders is critical to understanding the PAH bioremediation mechanism in the natural environment. While stable-isotopic probing (SIP) is a viable method to identify functional microorganisms in complex environments, the metabolic characteristics of uncultured degraders are still elusive. Here, we investigated the naphthalene (NAP) biodegradation of petroleum polluted soils by combining SIP, amplicon sequencing and metagenome binning. Based on the SIP and amplicon sequencing results, an uncultured Gammaproteobacterium sp. was identified as the key NAP degrader. Additionally, the assembled genome of this uncultured degrader was successfully obtained from the 13 C-DNA metagenomes by matching its 16S rRNA gene with the SIP identified OTU sequence. Meanwhile, a number of NAP degrading genes encoding naphthalene/PAH dioxygenases were identified in this genome, further confirming the direct involvement of this indigenous degrader in the NAP degradation. The degrader contained genes related to the metabolisms of several carbon sources, energy substances and vitamins, illuminating potential reasons for why microorganisms cannot be cultivated and finally realize their cultivation. Our findings provide novel information on the mechanisms of in situ PAH biodegradation and add to our current knowledge on the cultivation of non-culturable microorganisms by combining both SIP and metagenome binning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jibing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fengyi Guan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoshan Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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5
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Donlin MJ, Lane TR, Riabova O, Lepioshkin A, Xu E, Lin J, Makarov V, Ekins S. Discovery of 5-Nitro-6-thiocyanatopyrimidines as Inhibitors of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:774-781. [PMID: 34055225 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Opportunistic infections from pathogenic fungi present a major challenge to healthcare because of a very limited arsenal of antifungal drugs, an increasing population of immunosuppressed patients, and increased prevalence of resistant clinical strains due to overuse of the few available antifungals. Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection caused by one of two species in the Cryptococcus genus, Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. Eighty percent of cryptococcosis diseases are caused by C. neoformans that is endemic in the environment. The standard of care is limited to old antifungals, and under a high standard of care, mortality remains between 10 and 30%. We have identified a series of 5-nitro-6-thiocyanatopyrimidine antifungal drug candidates using in vitro and computational machine learning approaches. These compounds can inhibit C. neoformans growth at submicromolar levels, are effective against fluconazole-resistant C. neoformans and a clinical strain of C. gattii, and are not antagonistic with currently approved antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen J. Donlin
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
- Institute for Drug and Biotherapeutic Development, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Thomas R. Lane
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Olga Riabova
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Alexander Lepioshkin
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Evan Xu
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, United States
| | - Jeffrey Lin
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - Vadim Makarov
- Research Center of Biotechnology RAS, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sean Ekins
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
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6
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Gao JJ, Zhang L, Peng RH, Wang B, Feng HJ, Li ZJ, Yao QH. Recombinant expression of Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 glutathione S-transferase in Arabidopsis thaliana: an efficient tool for phytoremediation of thiocyanate. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1779127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jie Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ri-He Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hui-Juan Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen-Jun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Quan-Hong Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
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7
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di Biase A, Wei V, Kowalski MS, Bratty M, Hildebrand M, Jabari P, Devlin TR, Oleszkiewicz JA. Ammonia, thiocyanate, and cyanate removal in an aerobic up-flow submerged attached growth reactor treating gold mine wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125395. [PMID: 31765897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the nitrification process, as well as the bio-chemical removal of cyanate and thiocyanate, while treating gold mining wastewater using an aerobic up-flow SAGR. A total of six SAGRs, each packed with locally sourced pea gravel (estimated specific surface area of 297 m-2 m-3), were operated at various HRTs and tested on both low- and high-strength gold mining wastewaters. The two sets of three SAGRs were operated at HRTs of 0.45 days, 1.20 days, and 2.40 days. Nitrification was successfully achieved in all six SAGRs regardless of the wastewater strength or HRT examined. The steady-state, 20 °C surface area loading rate was determined to be 1.2 g-TAN m-2 d-1 in order to comply with an effluent discharge limit at 10 mg-TAN L-1 (i.e., with the wastewater sources examined). At all ammonia loading rates, thiocyanate was successfully removed, and residual concentrations were below 2 mg-SCN-N L-1. Cyanate appeared to be hydrolyzed and subsequently nitrified. Acute toxicity tests conducted on both daphnia and trout revealed the effluent to be safe for direct discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro di Biase
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6.
| | - Victor Wei
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Maciej S Kowalski
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | | | | | | | - Tanner R Devlin
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6; Nexom, Winnipeg, Canada, R2J 3R8
| | - Jan A Oleszkiewicz
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
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8
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Rameez MJ, Pyne P, Mandal S, Chatterjee S, Alam M, Bhattacharya S, Mondal N, Sarkar J, Ghosh W. Two pathways for thiosulfate oxidation in the alphaproteobacterial chemolithotroph Paracoccus thiocyanatus SST. Microbiol Res 2019; 230:126345. [PMID: 31585234 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2019.126345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Chemolithotrophic bacteria oxidize various sulfur species for energy and electrons, thereby operationalizing biogeochemical sulfur cycles in nature. The best-studied pathway of bacterial sulfur-chemolithotrophy involves direct oxidation of thiosulfate (S2O32-) to sulfate (SO42-) without any free intermediate. This pathway mediated by SoxXAYZBCD is apparently the exclusive mechanism of thiosulfate oxidation in facultatively chemolithotrophic alphaproteobacteria. Here we explore the molecular mechanisms of sulfur oxidation in the thiosulfate- and tetrathionate(S4O62-)-oxidizing alphaproteobacterium Paracoccus thiocyanatus SST, and compare them with the prototypical Sox process of Paracoccus pantotrophus. Our results reveal a unique case where an alphaproteobacterium has Sox as its secondary pathway of thiosulfate oxidation converting ∼10% of the thiosulfate supplied, whilst ∼90% of the substrate is oxidized via a pathway that produces tetrathionate as an intermediate. Sulfur oxidation kinetics of a deletion mutant showed that thiosulfate-to-tetrathionate conversion, in SST, is catalyzed by a thiosulfate dehydrogenase (TsdA) homolog that has far-higher substrate-affinity than the Sox system of this bacterium, which in turn is also less efficient than the P. pantotrophus Sox. Deletion of soxB abolished sulfate-formation from thiosulfate/tetrathionate, while thiosulfate-to-tetrathionate conversion remained unperturbed. Physiological studies revealed the involvement of glutathione in SST tetrathionate oxidation. However, zero impact of the insertional mutation of a thiol dehydrotransferase (thdT) homolog, together with the absence of sulfite as an intermediate, indicated that SST tetrathionate oxidation is mechanistically novel, and distinct from its betaproteobacterial counterpart mediated by glutathione, ThdT, SoxBCD and sulfite:acceptor oxidoreductase. The present findings highlight extensive functional diversification of sulfur-oxidizing enzymes across phylogenetically close, as well as distant, bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moidu Jameela Rameez
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Prosenjit Pyne
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Subhrangshu Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Sumit Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Masrure Alam
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | | | - Nibendu Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Jagannath Sarkar
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Wriddhiman Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India.
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9
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Tsallagov SI, Sorokin DY, Tikhonova TV, Popov VO, Muyzer G. Comparative Genomics of Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus HRh1 T and Guyparkeria sp. SCN-R1, Halophilic Chemolithoautotrophic Sulfur-Oxidizing Gammaproteobacteria Capable of Using Thiocyanate as Energy Source. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:898. [PMID: 31118923 PMCID: PMC6504805 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The genomes of Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus and Guyparkeria (formerly known as Halothiobacillus) sp. SCN-R1, two gammaproteobacterial halophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) capable of thiocyanate oxidation via the "cyanate pathway", have been analyzed with a particular focus on their thiocyanate-oxidizing potential and sulfur oxidation pathways. Both genomes encode homologs of the enzyme thiocyanate dehydrogenase (TcDH) that oxidizes thiocyanate via the "cyanate pathway" in members of the haloalkaliphilic SOB of the genus Thioalkalivibrio. However, despite the presence of conservative motives indicative of TcDH, the putative TcDH of the halophilic SOB have a low overall amino acid similarity to the Thioalkalivibrio enzyme, and also the surrounding genes in the TcDH locus were different. In particular, an alternative copper transport system Cus is present instead of Cop and a putative zero-valent sulfur acceptor protein gene appears just before TcDH. Moreover, in contrast to the thiocyanate-oxidizing Thioalkalivibrio species, both genomes of the halophilic SOB contained a gene encoding the enzyme cyanate hydratase. The sulfur-oxidizing pathway in the genome of Thiohalobacter includes a Fcc type of sulfide dehydrogenase, a rDsr complex/AprAB/Sat for oxidation of zero-valent sulfur to sulfate, and an incomplete Sox pathway, lacking SoxCD. The sulfur oxidation pathway reconstructed from the genome of Guyparkeria sp. SCN-R1 was more similar to that of members of the Thiomicrospira-Hydrogenovibrio group, including a Fcc type of sulfide dehydrogenase and a complete Sox complex. One of the outstanding properties of Thiohalobacter is the presence of a Na+-dependent ATP synthase, which is rarely found in aerobic Prokaryotes.Overall, the results showed that, despite an obvious difference in the general sulfur-oxidation pathways, halophilic and haloalkaliphilic SOB belonging to different genera within the Gammaproteobacteria developed a similar unique thiocyanate-degrading mechanism based on the direct oxidative attack on the sulfane atom of thiocyanate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav I. Tsallagov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dimitry Y. Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Tamara V. Tikhonova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir O. Popov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gerard Muyzer
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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10
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Spurr LP, Watts MP, Gan HM, Moreau JW. Biodegradation of thiocyanate by a native groundwater microbial consortium. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6498. [PMID: 30941266 PMCID: PMC6440457 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold ore processing typically generates large amounts of thiocyanate (SCN−)-contaminated effluent. When this effluent is stored in unlined tailings dams, contamination of the underlying aquifer can occur. The potential for bioremediation of SCN−-contaminated groundwater, either in situ or ex situ, remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to enrich and characterise SCN−-degrading microorganisms from mining-contaminated groundwater under a range of culturing conditions. Mildly acidic and suboxic groundwater, containing ∼135 mg L−1 SCN−, was collected from an aquifer below an unlined tailings dam. An SCN−-degrading consortium was enriched from contaminated groundwater using combinatory amendments of air, glucose and phosphate. Biodegradation occurred in all oxic cultures, except with the sole addition of glucose, but was inhibited by NH4+ and did not occur under anoxic conditions. The SCN−-degrading consortium was characterised using 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing, identifying a variety of heterotrophic taxa in addition to sulphur-oxidising bacteria. Interestingly, few recognised SCN−-degrading taxa were identified in significant abundance. These results provide both proof-of-concept and the required conditions for biostimulation of SCN− degradation in groundwater by native aquifer microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam P Spurr
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mathew P Watts
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Han M Gan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia
| | - John W Moreau
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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11
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Nitrogen Fertilization Reduces the Capacity of Soils to Take up Atmospheric Carbonyl Sulphide. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems2040062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soils are an important carbonyl sulphide (COS) sink. However, they can also act as sources of COS to the atmosphere. Here we demonstrate that variability in the soil COS sink and source strength is strongly linked to the available soil inorganic nitrogen (N) content across a diverse range of biomes in Europe. We revealed in controlled laboratory experiments that a one-off addition of ammonium nitrate systematically decreased the COS uptake rate whilst simultaneously increasing the COS production rate of soils from boreal and temperate sites in Europe. Furthermore, we found strong links between variations in the two gross COS fluxes, microbial biomass, and nitrate and ammonium contents, providing new insights into the mechanisms involved. Our findings provide evidence for how the soil–atmosphere exchange of COS is likely to vary spatially and temporally, a necessary step for constraining the role of soils and land use in the COS mass budget.
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12
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Coupled Biological and Abiotic Mechanisms Driving Carbonyl Sulfide Production in Soils. SOIL SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems2030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Steiger AK, Zhao Y, Pluth MD. Emerging Roles of Carbonyl Sulfide in Chemical Biology: Sulfide Transporter or Gasotransmitter? Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1516-1532. [PMID: 28443679 PMCID: PMC5930797 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the most prevalent sulfur-containing gas in the Earth's atmosphere, and it plays important roles in the global sulfur cycle. COS has been implicated in origin of life peptide ligation, is the primary energy source for certain bacteria, and has been detected in mammalian systems. Despite this long and intertwined history with terrestrial biology, limited attention has focused on potential roles of COS as a biological mediator. Recent Advances: Although bacterial COS production is well documented, definitive sources of mammalian COS production have not been confirmed. Enzymatic COS consumption in mammals, however, is well documented and occurs primarily by carbonic anhydrase (CA)-mediated conversion to hydrogen sulfide (H2S). COS has been detected in ex vivo mammalian tissue culture, as well as in exhaled breath as a potential biomarker for different disease pathologies, including cystic fibrosis and organ rejection. Recently, chemical tools for COS delivery have emerged and are poised to advance future investigations into the role of COS in different biological contexts. CRITICAL ISSUES Possible roles of COS as an important biomolecule, gasotransmitter, or sulfide transport intermediate remain to be determined. Key advances in both biological and chemical tools for COS research are needed to further investigate these questions. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Further evaluation of the biological roles of COS and disentangling the chemical biology of COS from that of H2S are needed to further elucidate these interactions. Chemical tools for COS delivery and modulation may provide a first avenue of investigative tools to answer many of these questions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1516-1532.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Steiger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
| | - Michael D Pluth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Biology, Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon
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Pan J, Wei C, Fu B, Ma J, Preis S, Wu H, Zhu S. Simultaneous nitrite and ammonium production in an autotrophic partial denitrification and ammonification of wastewaters containing thiocyanate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 252:20-27. [PMID: 29306125 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Various products are observed in biological oxidation and reduction of molecules containing elements of variable valence. The variability is caused by the diversity of microorganisms and their metabolic enzymes, which may develop into novel processes in wastewater treatment. The study aimed to develop a novel denitrification process forming nitrite and ammonium in wastewaters containing thiocyanate. High-efficiency nitrite and ammonium production was observed due to autotrophic partial denitrification and ammonification as a result of nitrate and thiocyanate removal. Nitrite, ammonium and sulfate were observed as the ultimate products. The increased NO3--N/SCN--N ratio in the treated wastewater resulted in the decreased removal efficiency of nitrate, and the increased nitrate-to-nitrite transformation ratio and the ratio of NO2--N to NH4+-N. Thiocyanate sulfur was oxidized to sulfate via intermediate elementary sulfur providing electron to nitrate or nitrite. The Thiobacillus genus dominated in the sludge providing ammonium and nitrite as substrate for the potentially anammox process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Pan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chaohai Wei
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bingbing Fu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jingde Ma
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Sergei Preis
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Shuang Zhu
- School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Kurashova I, Halevy I, Kamyshny A. Kinetics of Decomposition of Thiocyanate in Natural Aquatic Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1234-1243. [PMID: 29283564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rates of thiocyanate degradation were measured in waters and sediments of marine and limnic systems under various redox conditions, oxic, anoxic (nonsulfidic, nonferruginous, nonmanganous), ferruginous, sulfidic, and manganous, for up to 200-day period at micromolar concentrations of thiocyanate. The decomposition rates in natural aquatic systems were found to be controlled by microbial processes under both oxic and anoxic conditions. The Michaelis-Menten model was applied for description of the decomposition kinetics. The decomposition rate in the sediments was found to be higher than in the water samples. Under oxic conditions, thiocyanate degradation was faster than under anaerobic conditions. In the presence of hydrogen sulfide, the decomposition rate increased compared to anoxic nonsulfidic conditions, whereas in the presence of iron(II) or manganese(II), the rate decreased. Depending on environmental conditions, half-lives of thiocyanate in sediments and water columns were in the ranges of hours to few dozens of days, and from days to years, respectively. Application of kinetic parameters presented in this research allows estimation of rates of thiocyanate cycling and its concentrations in the Archean ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kurashova
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva, Israel 84105
| | - Itay Halevy
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot, Israel 76100
| | - Alexey Kamyshny
- Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer Sheva, Israel 84105
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Berben T, Overmars L, Sorokin DY, Muyzer G. Comparative Genome Analysis of Three Thiocyanate Oxidizing Thioalkalivibrio Species Isolated from Soda Lakes. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:254. [PMID: 28293216 PMCID: PMC5328954 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiocyanate is a C1 compound containing carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. It is a (by)product in a number of natural and industrial processes. Because thiocyanate is toxic to many organisms, including humans, its removal from industrial waste streams is an important problem. Although a number of bacteria can use thiocyanate as a nitrogen source, only a few can use it as an electron donor. There are two distinct pathways to use thiocyanate: (i) the “carbonyl sulfide pathway,” which has been extensively studied, and (ii) the “cyanate pathway,” whose key enzyme, thiocyanate dehydrogenase, was recently purified and studied. Three species of Thioalkalivibrio, a group of haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated from soda lakes, have been described as thiocyanate oxidizers: (i) Thioalkalivibrio paradoxus (“cyanate pathway”), (ii) Thioalkalivibrio thiocyanoxidans (“cyanate pathway”) and (iii) Thioalkalivibrio thiocyanodenitrificans (“carbonyl sulfide pathway”). In this study we provide a comparative genome analysis of these described thiocyanate oxidizers, with genomes ranging in size from 2.5 to 3.8 million base pairs. While focusing on thiocyanate degradation, we also analyzed the differences in sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen metabolism. We found that the thiocyanate dehydrogenase gene is present in 10 different Thioalkalivibrio strains, in two distinct genomic contexts/genotypes. The first genotype is defined by having genes for flavocytochrome c sulfide dehydrogenase upstream from the thiocyanate dehydrogenase operon (present in two strains including the type strain of Tv. paradoxus), whereas in the second genotype these genes are located downstream, together with two additional genes of unknown function (present in eight strains, including the type strains of Tv. thiocyanoxidans). Additionally, we found differences in the presence/absence of genes for various sulfur oxidation pathways, such as sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase, dissimilatory sulfite reductase, and sulfite dehydrogenase. One strain (Tv. thiocyanodenitrificans) lacks genes encoding a carbon concentrating mechanism and none of the investigated genomes were shown to contain known bicarbonate transporters. This study gives insight into the genomic variation of thiocyanate oxidizing bacteria and may lead to improvements in the application of these organisms in the bioremediation of industrial waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Berben
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lex Overmars
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Centre of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow, Russia; Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of TechnologyDelft, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Muyzer
- Microbial Systems Ecology, Department of Aquatic Microbiology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Mekuto L, Ntwampe SKO, Akcil A. An integrated biological approach for treatment of cyanidation wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:711-720. [PMID: 27424119 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The cyanidation process has been, and still remains, a profitable and highly efficient process for the recovery of precious metals from ores. However, this process has contributed to environmental deterioration and potable water reserve contamination due to the discharge of poorly treated, or untreated, cyanide containing wastewater. The process produces numerous cyanide complexes in addition to the gold cyanocomplex. Additionally, the discharge constituents also include hydrogen cyanide (HCN) - metallic complexes with iron, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt and other metals; thiocyanate (SCN); and cyanate (CNO). The fate of these complexes in the environment dictates the degree to which these species pose a threat to living organisms. This paper reviews the impact that the cyanidation process has on the environment, the ecotoxicology of the cyanidation wastewater and the treatment methods that are currently utilised to treat cyanidation wastewater. Furthermore, this review proposes an integrated biological approach for the treatment of the cyanidation process wastewater using microbial consortia that is insensitive and able to degrade cyanide species, in all stages of the proposed process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukhanyo Mekuto
- Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG), Department of Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - S K O Ntwampe
- Bioresource Engineering Research Group (BioERG), Department of Biotechnology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.
| | - Ata Akcil
- Mineral-Metal Recovery and Recycling (MMR&R) Research Group, Mineral Processing Div., Dept. of Mining Eng., Suleyman Demirel University, TR32260 Isparta, Turkey
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Hartmann NJ, Wu G, Hayton TW. Reactivity of a Nickel Sulfide with Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:12352-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J. Hartmann
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Trevor W. Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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Masaki Y, Ozawa R, Kageyama K, Katayama Y. Degradation and emission of carbonyl sulfide, an atmospheric trace gas, by fungi isolated from forest soil. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw197. [PMID: 27559044 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil is thought to be important both as a source and a sink of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in the troposphere, but the mechanism affecting COS uptake, especially for fungi, remains uncertain. Fungal isolates that were collected randomly from forest soil showed COS-degrading ability at high frequencies: 38 out of 43 isolates grown on potato dextrose agar showed degradation of 30 ppmv COS within 24 h. Of these isolates, eight degraded 30 ppmv of COS to below the detection limit within 2 h. These isolates also showed an ability to degrade COS included in ambient air (around 500 pptv) and highly concentrated (12 500 ppmv) level, even though the latter is higher than the lethal level for mammals. COS-degrading activity was estimated by using ergosterol as a biomass index for fungi. Trichoderma sp. THIF08 had the highest COS-degrading activity of all the isolates. Interestingly, Umbelopsis/Mortierella spp. THIF09 and THIF13 were unable to degrade 30 ppmv COS within 24 h, and actually emitted COS during the cultivation in ambient air. These results indicate a fungal contribution to the flux of COS between the terrestrial and atmospheric environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Masaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Rie Ozawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Kei Kageyama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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20
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Yao H, Vancoillie J, D’Hondt M, Wynendaele E, Bracke N, Spiegeleer BD. An analytical quality by design (aQbD) approach for a l -asparaginase activity method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 117:232-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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New insights into the genetic and metabolic diversity of thiocyanate-degrading microbial consortia. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1101-1108. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Kantor RS, van Zyl AW, van Hille RP, Thomas BC, Harrison STL, Banfield JF. Bioreactor microbial ecosystems for thiocyanate and cyanide degradation unravelled with genome-resolved metagenomics. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:4929-41. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rose S. Kantor
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology; University of California; Berkeley CA USA
| | - A. Wynand van Zyl
- Center for Bioprocess Engineering Research; Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Robert P. van Hille
- Center for Bioprocess Engineering Research; Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Brian C. Thomas
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of California; Berkeley CA USA
| | - Susan T. L. Harrison
- Center for Bioprocess Engineering Research; Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Jillian F. Banfield
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; University of California; Berkeley CA USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management; University of California; Berkeley CA USA
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Sorokin DY, Abbas B, van Zessen E, Muyzer G. Isolation and characterization of an obligately chemolithoautotrophicHalothiobacillusstrain capable of growth on thiocyanate as an energy source. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2014; 354:69-74. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6968.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry Y. Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology; Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Russia
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Delft The Netherlands
| | - Ben Abbas
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Delft The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerard Muyzer
- Department of Aquatic Microbiology; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Hussain A, Ogawa T, Saito M, Sekine T, Nameki M, Matsushita Y, Hayashi T, Katayama Y. Cloning and expression of a gene encoding a novel thermostable thiocyanate-degrading enzyme from a mesophilic alphaproteobacteria strain THI201. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2013; 159:2294-2302. [PMID: 24002749 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.063339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Strain THI201, a member of the alphaproteobacteria, is a novel thiocyanate (SCN(-))-degrading bacterium isolated from lake water enriched with potassium thiocyanate (KSCN). This bacterium carries the enzyme thiocyanate hydrolase (SCNase) that hydrolyses thiocyanate to carbonyl sulfide and ammonia. Characterization of both native and recombinant SCNase revealed properties different from known SCNases regarding subunit structure and thermostability: SCNase of strain THI201 was composed of a single protein and thermostable. We cloned and sequenced the corresponding gene and determined a protein of 457 amino acids of molecular mass 50 267 Da. Presence of a twin-arginine (Tat) signal sequence of 32 amino acids was found upstream of SCNase. The deduced amino acid sequence of SCNase showed 83% identity to that of a putative uncharacterized protein of Thiobacillus denitrificans ATCC 25259, but no significant identity to those of three subunits of SCNase from Thiobacillus thioparus strain THI115. The specific activities of native and recombinant enzyme were 0.32 and 4-15 µmol min(-1) (mg protein)(-1), respectively. The maximum activity of SCNase was found in the temperature range 30-70 °C. The thiocyanate-hydrolysing activity in both enzymes was decreased by freeze-thawing, although 25-100% of the activity of recombinant protein could be retrieved by treating the enzyme at 60 °C for 15 min. Furthermore, both native and recombinant enzymes retained the activity after pre-treatment of the protein solution at temperatures up to 70 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeba Hussain
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ogawa
- Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Maki Saito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sekine
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Misuzu Nameki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Matsushita
- Gene Research Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Toru Hayashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoko Katayama
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Yu XZ, Zhang FZ. Effects of exogenous thiocyanate on mineral nutrients, antioxidative responses and free amino acids in rice seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2013; 22:752-60. [PMID: 23549985 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-013-1069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effects of exogenous thiocyanate (SCN(-)) on amino acids composition, content of mineral nutrients and antioxidative systems in plants were investigated. Young rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. XZX 45) were grown in nutrient solutions amended with potassium thiocyanate (KSCN). Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in plant materials were analyzed in vivo. Mineral nutrients and free amino acids in rice seedlings were also measured to determine metabolic responses to SCN(-) exposure. A significant reduction in transpiration and relative growth was recorded with all treatments (p < 0.05), while changes of total chlorophyll content in leaves was negligible (p > 0.05). SCN-induced toxicity appeared to be more sensitive to activities of POD in shoots and APX activities in roots than the others. The content of nutrient elements in rice seedlings exposed to exogenous SCN(-) was variable, while the effects were more evident at the highest SCN-treatment (p < 0.05). Although the change of total free amino acids in shoots of SCN-exposed seedlings was negligible (p > 0.05), responses of different amino acids to SCN(-) application were quite different. Among fifteen free amino acids detected, serine (Ser), proline (Pro), and methionine (Met) increased, while asparagine (Asp) decreased with an increase of the doses of SCN(-) supplied. Phyto-transport of SCN(-) was apparent and the removal rates were positively correlated to the doses, suggesting that phyto-assimilation of SCN(-) is an enzymatic process through a potentially un-identified degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhang Yu
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 41028, PR China.
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Kim J, Cho KJ, Han G, Lee C, Hwang S. Effects of temperature and pH on the biokinetic properties of thiocyanate biodegradation under autotrophic conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:251-258. [PMID: 23137831 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous effects of temperature and pH on the biokinetic properties of thiocyanate biodegradation under mixed-culture, autotrophic conditions were investigated using response surface analysis (RSA) combined with biokinetic modeling. A partial cubic model, based on substrate inhibition biokinetics, was constructed for each kinetic coefficient in Andrew model (i.e., maximum specific growth rate (μ(m)), saturation coefficient (K(S)), and substrate inhibition coefficient (K(SI))). Each model proved statistically reliable to approximate the responses of the kinetic coefficients to temperature and pH changes (r(2) > 0.8, p < 0.05). The response surface plots demonstrated that the biokinetic coefficients change with respect to temperature and pH significantly and in different ways. The model response surfaces were substantially different to each other, indicating distinct correlations between the independent (temperature and pH) and dependent (model response) variables in the models. Based on the estimated response surface models, temperature was shown to have significant effects on all biokinetic coefficients tested. A dominant influence of temperature on μ(m) response was observed while the interdependence of temperature and pH was apparent in the K(S) and K(SI) models. Specific growth rate (μ) versus substrate (i.e., thiocyanate) concentration plots simulating using the obtained response surface models confirmed the significant effects of temperature and pH on the microbial growth rate and therefore on the thiocyanate degradation rate. Overall, the response surface models able to describe the biokinetic effects of temperature and pH on thiocyanate biodegradation within the explored region (20-30 °C and pH 6.0-9.0) were successfully constructed and validated, providing fundamental information for better process control in thiocyanate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaai Kim
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
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Sorokin DY, Kuenen JG, Muyzer G. The microbial sulfur cycle at extremely haloalkaline conditions of soda lakes. Front Microbiol 2011; 2:44. [PMID: 21747784 PMCID: PMC3128939 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2011.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soda lakes represent a unique ecosystem with extremely high pH (up to 11) and salinity (up to saturation) due to the presence of high concentrations of sodium carbonate in brines. Despite these double extreme conditions, most of the lakes are highly productive and contain a fully functional microbial system. The microbial sulfur cycle is among the most active in soda lakes. One of the explanations for that is high-energy efficiency of dissimilatory conversions of inorganic sulfur compounds, both oxidative and reductive, sufficient to cope with costly life at double extreme conditions. The oxidative part of the sulfur cycle is driven by chemolithoautotrophic haloalkaliphilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB), which are unique for soda lakes. The haloalkaliphilic SOB are present in the surface sediment layer of various soda lakes at high numbers of up to 10(6) viable cells/cm(3). The culturable forms are so far represented by four novel genera within the Gammaproteobacteria, including the genera Thioalkalivibrio, Thioalkalimicrobium, Thioalkalispira, and Thioalkalibacter. The latter two were only found occasionally and each includes a single species, while the former two are widely distributed in various soda lakes over the world. The genus Thioalkalivibrio is the most physiologically diverse and covers the whole spectrum of salt/pH conditions present in soda lakes. Most importantly, the dominant subgroup of this genus is able to grow in saturated soda brines containing 4 M total Na(+) - a so far unique property for any known aerobic chemolithoautotroph. Furthermore, some species can use thiocyanate as a sole energy source and three out of nine species can grow anaerobically with nitrogen oxides as electron acceptor. The reductive part of the sulfur cycle is active in the anoxic layers of the sediments of soda lakes. The in situ measurements of sulfate reduction rates and laboratory experiments with sediment slurries using sulfate, thiosulfate, or elemental sulfur as electron acceptors demonstrated relatively high sulfate reduction rates only hampered by salt-saturated conditions. However, the highest rates of sulfidogenesis were observed not with sulfate, but with elemental sulfur followed by thiosulfate. Formate, but not hydrogen, was the most efficient electron donor with all three sulfur electron acceptors, while acetate was only utilized as an electron donor under sulfur-reducing conditions. The native sulfidogenic populations of soda lakes showed a typical obligately alkaliphilic pH response, which corresponded well to the in situ pH conditions. Microbiological analysis indicated a domination of three groups of haloalkaliphilic autotrophic sulfate-reducing bacteria belonging to the order Desulfovibrionales (genera Desulfonatronovibrio, Desulfonatronum, and Desulfonatronospira) with a clear tendency to grow by thiosulfate disproportionation in the absence of external electron donor even at salt-saturating conditions. Few novel representatives of the order Desulfobacterales capable of heterotrophic growth with volatile fatty acids and alcohols at high pH and moderate salinity have also been found, while acetate oxidation was a function of a specialized group of haloalkaliphilic sulfur-reducing bacteria, which belong to the phylum Chrysiogenetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry Y Sorokin
- Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, Russia
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D'Auria G, Jiménez-Hernández N, Peris-Bondia F, Moya A, Latorre A. Legionella pneumophila pangenome reveals strain-specific virulence factors. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:181. [PMID: 20236513 PMCID: PMC2859405 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila is a gram-negative gamma-Proteobacterium and the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, a form of epidemic pneumonia. It has a water-related life cycle. In industrialized cities L. pneumophila is commonly encountered in refrigeration towers and water pipes. Infection is always via infected aerosols to humans. Although many efforts have been made to eradicate Legionella from buildings, it still contaminates the water systems. The town of Alcoy (Valencian Region, Spain) has had recurrent outbreaks since 1999. The strain "Alcoy 2300/99" is a particularly persistent and recurrent strain that was isolated during one of the most significant outbreaks between the years 1999-2000. RESULTS We have sequenced the genome of the particularly persistent L. pneumophila strain Alcoy 2300/99 and have compared it with four previously sequenced strains known as Philadelphia (USA), Lens (France), Paris (France) and Corby (England).Pangenome analysis facilitated the identification of strain-specific features, as well as some that are shared by two or more strains. We identified: (1) three islands related to anti-drug resistance systems; (2) a system for transport and secretion of heavy metals; (3) three systems related to DNA transfer; (4) two CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) systems, known to provide resistance against phage infections, one similar in the Lens and Alcoy strains, and another specific to the Paris strain; and (5) seven islands of phage-related proteins, five of which seem to be strain-specific and two shared. CONCLUSIONS The dispensable genome disclosed by the pangenomic analysis seems to be a reservoir of new traits that have mainly been acquired by horizontal gene transfer and could confer evolutionary advantages over strains lacking them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe D'Auria
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Area de Genómica y Salud, Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP), (Avda. de Cataluña, 21), Valencia, (46020), Spain
| | - Nuria Jiménez-Hernández
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Area de Genómica y Salud, Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP), (Avda. de Cataluña, 21), Valencia, (46020), Spain
| | - Francesc Peris-Bondia
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universitat de València, (Poligono La Coma s/n), Paterna, Valencia, (46071), Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Area de Genómica y Salud, Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP), (Avda. de Cataluña, 21), Valencia, (46020), Spain
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universitat de València, (Poligono La Coma s/n), Paterna, Valencia, (46071), Spain
| | - Amparo Latorre
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
- Area de Genómica y Salud, Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP), (Avda. de Cataluña, 21), Valencia, (46020), Spain
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Universitat de València, (Poligono La Coma s/n), Paterna, Valencia, (46071), Spain
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Biodegradation of thiocyanate using co-culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Ralstonia sp. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 85:1167-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2299-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2009] [Revised: 10/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ghosh W, Dam B. Biochemistry and molecular biology of lithotrophic sulfur oxidation by taxonomically and ecologically diverse bacteria and archaea. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2009; 33:999-1043. [PMID: 19645821 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00187.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithotrophic sulfur oxidation is an ancient metabolic process. Ecologically and taxonomically diverged prokaryotes have differential abilities to utilize different reduced sulfur compounds as lithotrophic substrates. Different phototrophic or chemotrophic species use different enzymes, pathways and mechanisms of electron transport and energy conservation for the oxidation of any given substrate. While the mechanisms of sulfur oxidation in obligately chemolithotrophic bacteria, predominantly belonging to Beta- (e.g. Thiobacillus) and Gammaproteobacteria (e.g. Thiomicrospira), are not well established, the Sox system is the central pathway in the facultative bacteria from Alphaproteobacteria (e.g. Paracoccus). Interestingly, photolithotrophs such as Rhodovulum belonging to Alphaproteobacteria also use the Sox system, whereas those from Chromatiaceae and Chlorobi use a truncated Sox complex alongside reverse-acting sulfate-reducing systems. Certain chemotrophic magnetotactic Alphaproteobacteria allegedly utilize such a combined mechanism. Sulfur-chemolithotrophic metabolism in Archaea, largely restricted to Sulfolobales, is distinct from those in Bacteria. Phylogenetic and biomolecular fossil data suggest that the ubiquity of sox genes could be due to horizontal transfer, and coupled sulfate reduction/sulfide oxidation pathways, originating in planktonic ancestors of Chromatiaceae or Chlorobi, could be ancestral to all sulfur-lithotrophic processes. However, the possibility that chemolithotrophy, originating in deep sea, is the actual ancestral form of sulfur oxidation cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wriddhiman Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India.
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