1
|
Morikawa S, Tanabe K, Kaneko N, Hishimura N, Nakamura A. Comprehensive overview of disease models for Wolfram syndrome: toward effective treatments. Mamm Genome 2024; 35:1-12. [PMID: 38351344 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-10028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome (OMIM 222300) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with a devastating array of symptoms, including diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, diabetes insipidus, hearing loss, and neurological dysfunction. The discovery of the causative gene, WFS1, has propelled research on this disease. However, a comprehensive understanding of the function of WFS1 remains unknown, making the development of effective treatment a pressing challenge. To bridge these knowledge gaps, disease models for Wolfram syndrome are indispensable, and understanding the characteristics of each model is critical. This review will provide a summary of the current knowledge regarding WFS1 function and offer a comprehensive overview of established disease models for Wolfram syndrome, covering animal models such as mice, rats, flies, and zebrafish, along with induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human cellular models. These models replicate key aspects of Wolfram syndrome, contributing to a deeper understanding of its pathogenesis and providing a platform for discovering potential therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuntaro Morikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, North 14, West 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Tanabe
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Haematological Science and Therapeutics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Naoya Kaneko
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, North 14, West 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hishimura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, North 14, West 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Akie Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Hospital, North 14, West 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Castell L, Le Gall V, Cutando L, Petit CP, Puighermanal E, Makrini-Maleville L, Kim HR, Jercog D, Tarot P, Tassou A, Harrus AG, Rubinstein M, Nouvian R, Rivat C, Besnard A, Trifilieff P, Gangarossa G, Janak PH, Herry C, Valjent E. Dopamine D2 receptors in WFS1-neurons regulate food-seeking and avoidance behaviors. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 129:110883. [PMID: 37858736 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The selection and optimization of appropriate adaptive responses depends on interoceptive and exteroceptive stimuli as well as on the animal's ability to switch from one behavioral strategy to another. Although growing evidence indicate that dopamine D2R-mediated signaling events ensure the selection of the appropriate strategy for each specific situation, the underlying neural circuits through which they mediate these effects are poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the role of D2R signaling in a mesolimbic neuronal subpopulation expressing the Wolfram syndrome 1 (Wfs1) gene. This subpopulation is located within the nucleus accumbens, the central amygdala, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the tail of the striatum, all brain regions critical for the regulation of emotions and motivated behaviors. Using a mouse model carrying a temporally controlled deletion of D2R in WFS1-neurons, we demonstrate that intact D2R signaling in this neuronal population is necessary to regulate homeostasis-dependent food-seeking behaviors in both male and female mice. In addition, we found that reduced D2R signaling in WFS1-neurons impaired active avoidance learning and innate escape responses. Collectively, these findings identify a yet undocumented role for D2R signaling in WFS1-neurons as a novel effector through which dopamine optimizes appetitive behaviors and regulates defensive behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Castell
- IGF, Université, Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier F-34094, France; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
| | - Valentine Le Gall
- Université, Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux F-33077, France
| | - Laura Cutando
- IGF, Université, Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier F-34094, France
| | - Chloé P Petit
- INM, Université, Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier F-34000, France
| | - Emma Puighermanal
- IGF, Université, Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier F-34094, France
| | | | - Ha-Rang Kim
- Université, Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux F-33077, France
| | - Daniel Jercog
- Université, Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux F-33077, France
| | - Pauline Tarot
- IGF, Université, Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier F-34094, France
| | - Adrien Tassou
- INM, Université, Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier F-34000, France
| | | | - Marcelo Rubinstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, CONICET; FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Régis Nouvian
- INM, Université, Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier F-34000, France
| | - Cyril Rivat
- INM, Université, Montpellier, Inserm, Montpellier F-34000, France
| | - Antoine Besnard
- IGF, Université, Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier F-34094, France
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- Université, Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, Bordeaux F-33000, France
| | - Giuseppe Gangarossa
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Paris F-75013, France; Institut Universitaire de France, France
| | - Patricia H Janak
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cyril Herry
- Université, Bordeaux, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Bordeaux F-33077, France
| | - Emmanuel Valjent
- IGF, Université, Montpellier, CNRS, Inserm, Montpellier F-34094, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hao H, Song L, Zhang L. Wolfram syndrome 1 regulates sleep in dopamine receptor neurons by modulating calcium homeostasis. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010827. [PMID: 37399203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disruptions are quite common in psychological disorders, but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Wolfram syndrome 1 (WS1) is an autosomal recessive disease mainly characterized by diabetes insipidus/mellitus, neurodegeneration and psychological disorders. It is caused by loss-of function mutations of the WOLFRAM SYNDROME 1 (WFS1) gene, which encodes an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident transmembrane protein. Heterozygous mutation carriers do not develop WS1 but exhibit 26-fold higher risk of having psychological disorders. Since WS1 patients display sleep abnormalities, we aimed to explore the role of WFS1 in sleep regulation so as to help elucidate the cause of sleep disruptions in psychological disorders. We found in Drosophila that knocking down wfs1 in all neurons and wfs1 mutation lead to reduced sleep and dampened circadian rhythm. These phenotypes are mainly caused by lack of wfs1 in dopamine 2-like receptor (Dop2R) neurons which act to promote wake. Consistently, the influence of wfs1 on sleep is blocked or partially rescued by inhibiting or knocking down the rate-limiting enzyme of dopamine synthesis, suggesting that wfs1 modulates sleep via dopaminergic signaling. Knocking down wfs1 alters the excitability of Dop2R neurons, while genetic interactions reveal that lack of wfs1 reduces sleep via perturbation of ER-mediated calcium homeostasis. Taken together, we propose a role for wfs1 in modulating the activities of Dop2R neurons by impinging on intracellular calcium homeostasis, and this in turn influences sleep. These findings provide a potential mechanistic insight for pathogenesis of diseases associated with WFS1 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanfeng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Luoying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan F, Li Y, Hu R, Gong M, Chai M, Ma X, Cha J, Guo P, Yang K, Li M, Xu M, Ma Q, Su Q, Zhang C, Sheng Z, Wu H, Wang Y, Yuan W, Bian S, Shao L, Zhang R, Li K, Shao Z, Zhang ZN, Li W. Modeling disrupted synapse formation in wolfram syndrome using hESCs-derived neural cells and cerebral organoids identifies Riluzole as a therapeutic molecule. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1557-1570. [PMID: 36750736 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated neurite outgrowth and synapse formation underlie many psychiatric disorders, which are also manifested by wolfram syndrome (WS). Whether and how the causative gene WFS1 deficiency affects synapse formation remain elusive. By mirroring human brain development with cerebral organoids, WFS1-deficient cerebral organoids not only recapitulate the neuronal loss in WS patients, but also exhibit significantly impaired synapse formation and function associated with reduced astrocytes. WFS1 deficiency in neurons autonomously delays neuronal differentiation with altered expressions of genes associated with psychiatric disorders, and impairs neurite outgrowth and synapse formation with elevated cytosolic calcium. Intriguingly, WFS1 deficiency in astrocytes decreases the expression of glutamate transporter EAAT2 by NF-κB activation and induces excessive glutamate. When co-cultured with wildtype neurons, WFS1-deficient astrocytes lead to impaired neurite outgrowth and increased cytosolic calcium in neurons. Importantly, disrupted synapse formation and function in WFS1-deficient cerebral organoids and impaired neurite outgrowth affected by WFS1-deficient astrocytes are efficiently reversed with Riluzole treatment, by restoring EAAT2 expression in astrocytes. Furthermore, Riluzole rescues the depressive-like behavior in the forced swimming test and the impaired recognition and spatial memory in the novel object test and water maze test in Wfs1 conditional knockout mice. Altogether, our study provides novel insights into how WFS1 deficiency affects synapse formation and function, and offers a strategy to treat this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yuan
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yana Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Hu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengting Gong
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengyao Chai
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuefei Ma
- QuietD Biotechnology, Ltd., Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jiaxue Cha
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Pan Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kaijiang Yang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mushan Li
- Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Minglu Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qing Ma
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhejin Sheng
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Shan Bian
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Shao
- Department of VIP Clinic, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kaicheng Li
- QuietD Biotechnology, Ltd., Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Zhen Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhen-Ning Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Weida Li
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Reg-Verse Therapeutics (Shanghai) Co. Ltd., Shanghai, 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Depression-Associated Negr1 Gene-Deficiency Induces Alterations in the Monoaminergic Neurotransmission Enhancing Time-Dependent Sensitization to Amphetamine in Male Mice. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121696. [PMID: 36552158 PMCID: PMC9776224 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In GWAS studies, the neural adhesion molecule encoding the neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) gene has been consistently linked with both depression and obesity. Although the linkage between NEGR1 and depression is the strongest, evidence also suggests the involvement of NEGR1 in a wide spectrum of psychiatric conditions. Here we show the expression of NEGR1 both in tyrosine- and tryptophan hydroxylase-positive cells. Negr1-/- mice show a time-dependent increase in behavioral sensitization to amphetamine associated with increased dopamine release in both the dorsal and ventral striatum. Upregulation of transcripts encoding dopamine and serotonin transporters and higher levels of several monoamines and their metabolites was evident in distinct brain areas of Negr1-/- mice. Chronic (23 days) escitalopram-induced reduction of serotonin and dopamine turnover is enhanced in Negr1-/- mice, and escitalopram rescued reduced weight of hippocampi in Negr1-/- mice. The current study is the first to show alterations in the brain monoaminergic systems in Negr1-deficient mice, suggesting that monoaminergic neural circuits contribute to both depressive and obesity-related phenotypes linked to the human NEGR1 gene.
Collapse
|
6
|
Crouzier L, Danese A, Yasui Y, Richard EM, Liévens JC, Patergnani S, Couly S, Diez C, Denus M, Cubedo N, Rossel M, Thiry M, Su TP, Pinton P, Maurice T, Delprat B. Activation of the sigma-1 receptor chaperone alleviates symptoms of Wolfram syndrome in preclinical models. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabh3763. [PMID: 35138910 PMCID: PMC9516885 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Wolfram syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease affecting many organs with life-threatening consequences; currently, no treatment is available. The disease is caused by mutations in the WSF1 gene, coding for the protein wolframin, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein involved in contacts between ER and mitochondria termed as mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). Inherited mutations usually reduce the protein's stability, altering its homeostasis and ultimately reducing ER to mitochondria calcium ion transfer, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. In this study, we found that activation of the sigma-1 receptor (S1R), an ER-resident protein involved in calcium ion transfer, could counteract the functional alterations of MAMs due to wolframin deficiency. The S1R agonist PRE-084 restored calcium ion transfer and mitochondrial respiration in vitro, corrected the associated increased autophagy and mitophagy, and was able to alleviate the behavioral symptoms observed in zebrafish and mouse models of the disease. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic strategy for treating Wolfram syndrome by efficiently boosting MAM function using the ligand-operated S1R chaperone. Moreover, such strategy might also be relevant for other degenerative and mitochondrial diseases involving MAM dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Crouzier
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Alberto Danese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Yuko Yasui
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | | | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simon Couly
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Camille Diez
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Denus
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Cubedo
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marc Thiry
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Liège, GIGA-Neurosciences, Quartier Hopital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, 4000 Liege 1, Belgium
| | - Tsung-Ping Su
- Cellular Pathobiology Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tangui Maurice
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Di Lorenzo C, Di Lorenzo G, Coppola G, Parisi V, Grieco GS, Santorelli FM, Pascale E, Pierelli F. Genetics Influences Drug Consumption in Medication Overuse Headache, Not in Migraine: Evidence From Wolframin His611Arg Polymorphism Analysis. Front Neurol 2021; 11:599517. [PMID: 33551959 PMCID: PMC7862332 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.599517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Wolframin His611Arg polymorphism can influence drug consumption in psychiatric patients with impulsive addictive behavior. This cross-sectional study aims to assess the prevalence of the Wolframin His611Arg polymorphism in MOH, a secondary headache belonging to the spectrum of addictive disorders, episodic migraine (EM), and healthy subjects (HS), and its influence on drug consumption. Methods: One-hundred and seventy-two EM, 107 MOH, and 83 HS were enrolled and genotyped for the Wolframin His611Arg polymorphism. Subjects were classified as homozygous for allele His (H/H subjects), homozygous for allele Arg (R/R subjects), and heterozygous (H/R subjects), regrouped as R/R and carriers of allele H (non-R/R), and matched for clinical data. Results: There were no differences in allelic distributions between the three groups (p = 0.19). Drug consumption and other clinical characteristics were not influenced by the Wolframin His611Arg polymorphism (p = 0.42; β = 0.04) in the EM group. Among the MOH population, R/R subjects consumed more analgesics (p < 0.0001; β = −0.38), particularly combination drugs (p = 0.0001; d = 2.32). Discussion: The Wolframin His611Arg polymorphism has a similar prevalence between the MOH, EM, and HS groups. The presence of the R/R genotype does not influence symptomatic drug consumption in EM, whereas it determines an increased use of symptomatic drugs in the MOH group, in particular combination drugs (i.e., drugs containing psychoactive compounds). Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the Wolframin His611Arg polymorphism plays its effect only in the MOH population, influencing the impulsivity control underlying addictive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cherubino Di Lorenzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Coppola
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Parisi
- IRCCS Fondazione G.B. Bietti per lo Studio e la Ricerca in Oftalmologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano S Grieco
- Genomic and Post-Genomic Center, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Casimiro Mondino, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Esterina Pascale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Pierelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy.,IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li L, Venkataraman L, Chen S, Fu H. Function of WFS1 and WFS2 in the Central Nervous System: Implications for Wolfram Syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:775-783. [PMID: 32949681 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
L.P. Li, L. Venkataraman, S. Chen, and H.J. Fu. Function of WFS1 and WFS2 in the Central Nervous System: Implications for Wolfram Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REVXXX-XXX,2020.-Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a rare monogenetic spectrum disorder characterized by insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, optic nerve atrophy, hearing loss, progressive neurodegeneration, and a wide spectrum of psychiatric manifestations. Most WS patients belong to Wolfram Syndrome type 1 (WS1) caused by mutations in the Wolfram Syndrome 1 (WFS1/Wolframin) gene, while a small fraction of patients belongs to Wolfram Syndrome type 2 (WS2) caused by pathogenic variants in the CDGSH Iron Sulfur Domain 2 (CISD2/WFS2) gene. Although currently there is no treatment for this life-threatening disease, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of WS have been proposed. Interestingly, Alzheimer's disease (AD), an age-dependent neurodegenerative disease, shares some common mechanisms with WS. In this review, we focus on the function of WFS1 and WFS2 in the central nervous system as well as their implications in WS and AD. We also propose three future directions for elucidating the role of WFS1 and WFS2 in WS and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangping Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronic Brain Injury, Discovery Themes, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lalitha Venkataraman
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronic Brain Injury, Discovery Themes, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronic Brain Injury, Discovery Themes, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronic Brain Injury, Discovery Themes, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Samara A, Rahn R, Neyman O, Park KY, Samara A, Marshall B, Dougherty J, Hershey T. Developmental hypomyelination in Wolfram syndrome: new insights from neuroimaging and gene expression analyses. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:279. [PMID: 31796109 PMCID: PMC6889680 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder caused by mutations in WFS1 or CISD2 genes leading to brain structural abnormalities and neurological symptoms. These abnormalities appear in early stages of the disease. The pathogenesis of Wolfram syndrome involves abnormalities in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial dynamics, which are common features in several other neurodegenerative disorders. Mutations in WFS1 are responsible for the majority of Wolfram syndrome cases. WFS1 encodes for an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein, wolframin. It is proposed that wolframin deficiency triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway resulting in an increased ER stress-mediated neuronal loss. Recent neuroimaging studies showed marked alteration in early brain development, primarily characterized by abnormal white matter myelination. Interestingly, ER stress and the UPR pathway are implicated in the pathogenesis of some inherited myelin disorders like Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, and Vanishing White Matter disease. In addition, exploratory gene-expression network-based analyses suggest that WFS1 expression occurs preferentially in oligodendrocytes during early brain development. Therefore, we propose that Wolfram syndrome could belong to a category of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by ER stress-mediated myelination impairment. Further studies of myelination and oligodendrocyte function in Wolfram syndrome could provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of the Wolfram syndrome-associated brain changes and identify potential connections between neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Samara
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rachel Rahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Olga Neyman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ki Yun Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ahmad Samara
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Bess Marshall
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Joseph Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Genetics, Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4525 Scott Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Porosk R, Terasmaa A, Mahlapuu R, Soomets U, Kilk K. Metabolomics of the Wolfram Syndrome 1 Gene (Wfs1) Deficient Mice. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2018; 21:721-732. [PMID: 29257731 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome 1 is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness. Mutations in the WFS1 gene encoding the wolframin glycoprotein can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein responses in cells, but the pathophysiology at whole organism level is poorly understood. In this study, several organs (heart, liver, kidneys, and pancreas) and bodily fluids (trunk blood and urine) of 2- and 6-month old Wfs1 knockout (KO), heterozygote (HZ), and wild-type (WT) mice were analyzed by untargeted and targeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The key findings were significant perturbations in the metabolism of pancreas and heart before the onset of related clinical signs such as glycosuria that precedes hyperglycemia and thus implies a kidney dysfunction before the onset of classical diabetic nephropathy. The glucose use and gluconeogenesis in KO mice are intensified in early stages, but later the energetic needs are mainly covered by lipolysis. Furthermore, in young mice liver and trunk blood hypouricemia, which in time turns to hyperuricemia, was detected. In summary, we show that the metabolism in Wfs1-deficient mice markedly differs from the metabolism of WT mice in many aspects and discuss the future biological and clinical relevance of these observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rando Porosk
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anton Terasmaa
- 2 Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia
| | - Riina Mahlapuu
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ursel Soomets
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kalle Kilk
- 1 Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ivask M, Pajusalu S, Reimann E, Kõks S. Hippocampus and Hypothalamus RNA-sequencing of WFS1-deficient Mice. Neuroscience 2018; 374:91-103. [PMID: 29406269 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Wolfram syndrome is caused by mutations in the WFS1 gene. WFS1 protein dysfunction results in a range of neuroendocrine syndromes and is mostly characterized by juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus and optic atrophy. WFS1 has been shown to participate in membrane trafficking, protein processing and Ca2+ homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum. Aim of the present study was to find the transcriptomic changes influenced by WFS1 in the hypothalamus and hippocampus using RNA-sequencing. The WFS1-deficient mice were used as a model system to analyze the changes in transcriptional networks. The number of differentially expressed genes between hypothalami of WFS1-deficient (Wfs1KO) and wild-type (WT) mice was 43 and between hippocampi 311 with False Discovery Rate (FDR) <0.05. Avpr1a and Avpr1b were significantly upregulated in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of Wfs1KO mice respectively. Trpm8 was the most upregulated gene in the hippocampus of Wfs1KO mice. The functional analysis revealed significant enrichment of networks and pathways associated with protein synthesis, cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, molecular transport, metabolic disease and nervous system development and function. In conclusion, the transcriptomic profiles of WFS1-deficient hypothalamus and hippocampus do indicate the activation of degenerative molecular pathways causing the clinical occurrences typical to Wolfram syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilin Ivask
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ene Reimann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ma Y, Yu L, Pan S, Gao S, Chen W, Zhang X, Dong W, Li J, Zhou R, Huang L, Han Y, Bai L, Zhang L, Zhang L. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeting of the Rosa26 locus produces Cre reporter rat strains for monitoring Cre-loxP-mediated lineage tracing. FEBS J 2017; 284:3262-3277. [PMID: 28763160 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The rat is an important laboratory animal for physiological, toxicological and pharmacological studies. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) is a simple and efficient tool to generate precise genetic modifications in rats, which will promote the accumulation of genetic resources and enable more precise studies of gene function. To monitor Cre-loxP-mediated excision in vivo, we generated a Cre reporter rat strain (Rosa26-imCherry) by knockin of a Cre reporter cassette at the Rosa26 locus using CRISPR/Cas9. Rosa26-imCherry rats exhibited inducible expression of the mCherry cassette (imCherry) using the Cre-loxP system, whereas normal rats exhibited ubiquitous expression of eGFP but not mCherry in the whole body. Injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 9-Cre into the hippocampus and skeletal muscle resulted in mCherry expression in virus-infected cells. Cre-loxP-mediated mCherry expression was then evaluated by crossing Rosa26-imCherry rats with transgenic rats ubiquitously expressing CAG-Cre, heart-specific α-MHC-Cre transgenic rats and liver-specific Alb-Cre knockin rats. Finally, using the established system the expression pattern of Cre driven by two endogenous gene promoters (Wfs1-Cre knockin rat, FabP2-Cre knockin rat) was traced. In summary, we demonstrated excision of the loxP-flanked allele in Rosa26-imCherry rats via activation of mCherry expression in the presence of Cre recombinase. This newly established Rosa26-imCherry rat strain represents a useful tool to facilitate Cre-expression pattern determination and tracing experiments.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- CRISPR-Cas Systems
- Crosses, Genetic
- Dependovirus/genetics
- Dependovirus/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian
- Female
- Gene Editing/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Knock-In Techniques
- Gene Targeting
- Genes, Reporter
- Genetic Loci
- Genetic Vectors/chemistry
- Genetic Vectors/metabolism
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Integrases/genetics
- Integrases/metabolism
- Liver/metabolism
- Luminescent Proteins/genetics
- Luminescent Proteins/metabolism
- Male
- Myocardium/metabolism
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/metabolism
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Transgenic
- Red Fluorescent Protein
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlin Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, NHFPC, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mild stress induces brain region-specific alterations of selective ER stress markers' mRNA expression in Wfs1-deficient mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 352:94-98. [PMID: 28963041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of mild stress (elevated plus maze test, EPM) on the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers in different brain areas of wild type (WT) and Wfs1-deficient (Wfs1KO) mice was investigated. The following ER stress markers were studied: activating transcription factor 6α (Atf6α), protein kinase-like ER kinase (Perk), X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) and its spliced form (Xbp1s), 78-kilodalton glucose regulated protein (Grp78), 94-kilodalton glucose regulated protein (Grp94), C/EBP homologous protein (Chop). Wfs1KO and WT mice, not exposed to EPM, had similar patterns of ER stress markers in the studied brain areas. The exploratory activity of Wfs1KO mice in the EPM was inhibited compared to WT mice, probably reflecting increased anxiety in genetically modified mice. In response to the EPM, activation of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase and endonuclease 1α (Ire1α) ER stress pathway was seen in both genotypes, but in different brain areas. Such a brain region-specific Ire1α activation was linked with dominant behavioural trends in these mice as more anxious, neophobic Wfs1KO mice had increased ER stress markers expression in the temporal lobe, the brain region related to anxiety, and more curious WT mice had ER stress markers increased in the ventral striatum which is related to the exploratory drive. The molecular mechanism triggering respective changes in ER stress markers in these brain regions is likely related to altered levels of monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine) in Wfs1KO mice.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tekko T, Lakspere T, Allikalt A, End J, Kõlvart KR, Jagomäe T, Terasmaa A, Philips MA, Visnapuu T, Väärtnõu F, Gilbert SF, Rinken A, Vasar E, Lilleväli K. Wfs1 is expressed in dopaminoceptive regions of the amniote brain and modulates levels of D1-like receptors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172825. [PMID: 28267787 PMCID: PMC5436468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During amniote evolution, the construction of the forebrain has diverged across
different lineages, and accompanying the structural changes, functional
diversification of the homologous brain regions has occurred. This can be
assessed by studying the expression patterns of marker genes that are relevant
in particular functional circuits. In all vertebrates, the dopaminergic system
is responsible for the behavioral responses to environmental stimuli. Here we
show that the brain regions that receive dopaminergic input through dopamine
receptor D1 are relatively conserved, but with some important
variations between three evolutionarily distant vertebrate lines–house mouse
(Mus musculus), domestic chick (Gallus gallus
domesticus) / common quail (Coturnix coturnix) and
red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta). Moreover, we find
that in almost all instances, those brain regions expressing D1-like dopamine
receptor genes also express Wfs1. Wfs1 has been studied
primarily in the pancreas, where it regulates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
stress response, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and insulin production
and secretion. Using radioligand binding assays in wild type and
Wfs1-/- mouse brains, we show that the number of
binding sites of D1-like dopamine receptors is increased in the hippocampus of
the mutant mice. We propose that the functional link between Wfs1 and D1-like
dopamine receptors is evolutionarily conserved and plays an important role in
adjusting behavioral reactions to environmental stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Triin Tekko
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Lakspere
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anni Allikalt
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu,
Estonia
| | - Jaanus End
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Toomas Jagomäe
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anton Terasmaa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tanel Visnapuu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fred Väärtnõu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Scott F. Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, United States
of America
| | - Ago Rinken
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu,
Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational
Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University
of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Neuronal Development: Mechanism for Wolfram Syndrome. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002511. [PMID: 27434582 PMCID: PMC4951053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of the protein Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1) is associated with multiple neurological and psychiatric abnormalities similar to those observed in pathologies showing alterations in mitochondrial dynamics. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that WFS1 deficiency affects neuronal function via mitochondrial abnormalities. We show that down-regulation of WFS1 in neurons leads to dramatic changes in mitochondrial dynamics (inhibited mitochondrial fusion, altered mitochondrial trafficking, and augmented mitophagy), delaying neuronal development. WFS1 deficiency induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) dysfunction and disturbed cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis, which, in turn, alters mitochondrial dynamics. Importantly, ER stress, impaired Ca2+ homeostasis, altered mitochondrial dynamics, and delayed neuronal development are causatively related events because interventions at all these levels improved the downstream processes. Our data shed light on the mechanisms of neuronal abnormalities in Wolfram syndrome and point out potential therapeutic targets. This work may have broader implications for understanding the role of mitochondrial dynamics in neuropsychiatric diseases. Deficiency of the protein Wolframin in Wolfram syndrome triggers a stress cascade in the endoplasmic reticulum; this leads to altered calcium homeostasis, which in turn impairs mitochondrial dynamics and consequently inhibits neuronal development. Wolfram syndrome (WS) is a genetic disorder characterized by diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness, and brain atrophy. Brain abnormalities occur at the earliest stage of clinical symptoms, suggesting that Wolfram syndrome has a pronounced impact on early brain development. The majority of Wolfram syndrome cases are caused by mutations in the gene Wolfram syndrome 1 (WFS1), which encodes for a protein localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. However, the clinical symptoms of WS resemble mitochondrial disease symptoms, suggesting strong mitochondrial involvement. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that deficiency of the gene WFS1 triggers an ER-stress cascade, which impairs the function of the IP3-receptor calcium channel, leading to altered calcium homeostasis. The latter leads to dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics, as characterized by augmented mitophagy—a selective degradation of mitochondria—and inhibited mitochondrial trafficking and fusion, which results in lower levels of ATP and, thus, inhibits neuronal development. These results shed new light onto the mechanisms of neuronal abnormalities in Wolfram syndrome and point out potentially new therapeutic targets. Moreover, our results unravel two rather unexpected links that have an impact beyond the relatively rare Wolfram syndrome. First, relatively mild stress of the ER can seriously disturb mitochondrial dynamics, explaining why alterations at the level of the ER could lead to a mitochondrial phenotype. Second, increased levels of mitophagy, leading to excessive and unwanted mitochondrial clearance, are harmful for neurons. Furthermore, since alterations in the gene WFS1 take place in different neurologic and psychiatric disorders, our work may also have broad implications for understanding the role of mitochondrial dynamics in neuropsychiatric diseases.
Collapse
|
16
|
Reimets R, Raud S, Loomets M, Visnapuu T, Volke V, Reimets A, Plaas M, Vasar E. Variability in the effect of antidepressants upon Wfs1-deficient mice is dependent on the drugs’ mechanism of actions. Behav Brain Res 2016; 308:53-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
17
|
Sütt S, Altpere A, Reimets R, Visnapuu T, Loomets M, Raud S, Salum T, Mahlapuu R, Kairane C, Zilmer M, Vasar E. Wfs1-deficient animals have brain-region-specific changes of Na+, K+-ATPase activity and mRNA expression of α1 and β1 subunits. J Neurosci Res 2014; 93:530-7. [PMID: 25385034 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the WFS1 gene, which encodes the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) glycoprotein, cause Wolfram syndrome, a disease characterized by juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, deafness, and different psychiatric abnormalities. Loss of neuronal cells and pancreatic β-cells in Wolfram syndrome patients is probably related to the dysfunction of ER stress regulation, which leads to cell apoptosis. The present study shows that Wfs1-deficient mice have brain-region-specific changes in Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity and in the expression of the α1 and β1 subunits. We found a significant (1.6-fold) increase of Na-pump activity and β1 subunit mRNA expression in mice lacking the Wfs1 gene in the temporal lobe compared with their wild-type littermates. By contrast, exposure of mice to the elevated plus maze (EPM) model of anxiety decreased Na-pump activity 1.3-fold in the midbrain and dorsal striatum and 2.0-fold in the ventral striatum of homozygous animals compared with the nonexposed group. Na-pump α1 -subunit mRNA was significantly decreased in the dorsal striatum and midbrain of Wfs1-deficient homozygous animals compared with wild-type littermates. In the temporal lobe, an increase in the activity of the Na-pump is probably related to increased anxiety established in Wfs1-deficient mice, whereas the blunted dopamine function in the forebrain of Wfs1-deficient mice may be associated with a decrease of Na-pump activity in the dorsal and ventral striatum and in the midbrain after exposure to the EPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Sütt
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence for Translational Medicine, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Visnapuu T, Raud S, Loomets M, Reimets R, Sütt S, Luuk H, Plaas M, Kõks S, Volke V, Alttoa A, Harro J, Vasar E. Wfs1-deficient mice display altered function of serotonergic system and increased behavioral response to antidepressants. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:132. [PMID: 23914152 PMCID: PMC3728556 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that mutations in the WFS1 gene make humans more susceptible to mood disorders. Besides that, mood disorders are associated with alterations in the activity of serotonergic and noradrenergic systems. Therefore, in this study, the effects of imipramine, an inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and noradrenaline (NA) reuptake, and paroxetine, a selective inhibitor of 5-HT reuptake, were studied in tests of behavioral despair. The tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) were performed in Wfs1-deficient mice. Simultaneously, gene expression and monoamine metabolism studies were conducted to evaluate changes in 5-HT- and NA-ergic systems of Wfs1-deficient mice. The basal immobility time of Wfs1-deficient mice in TST and FST did not differ from that of their wild-type littermates. However, a significant reduction of immobility time in response to lower doses of imipramine and paroxetine was observed in homozygous Wfs1-deficient mice, but not in their wild-type littermates. In gene expression studies, the levels of 5-HT transporter (SERT) were significantly reduced in the pons of homozygous animals. Monoamine metabolism was assayed separately in the dorsal and ventral striatum of naive mice and mice exposed for 30 min to brightly lit motility boxes. We found that this aversive challenge caused a significant increase in the levels of 5-HT and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), a metabolite of 5-HT, in the ventral and dorsal striatum of wild-type mice, but not in their homozygous littermates. Taken together, the blunted 5-HT metabolism and reduced levels of SERT are a likely reason for the elevated sensitivity of these mice to the action of imipramine and paroxetine. These changes in the pharmacological and neurochemical phenotype of Wfs1-deficient mice may help to explain the increased susceptibility of Wolfram syndrome patients to depressive states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanel Visnapuu
- Department of Physiology, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia ; Centre for Excellence in Translational Medicine, University of Tartu Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|