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Chang-Halabi Y, Cordero J, Sarabia X, Villalobos D, Barrera NP. Crosstalking interactions between P2X4 and 5-HT 3A receptors. Neuropharmacology 2023; 236:109574. [PMID: 37156336 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Ionotropic receptors are ligand-gated ion channels triggering fast neurotransmitter responses. Among them, P2X and 5-HT3 receptors have been shown to physically interact each other and functionally inducing cross inhibitory responses. Nevertheless, despite the importance of P2X4 and 5-HT3A receptors that mediate for example neuropathic pain and psychosis respectively, complementary evidence has recently started to move forward in the understanding of this interaction. In this review, we discuss current evidence supporting the mechanism of crosstalking between both receptors, from the structural to the transduction pathway level. We expect this work may guide the design of further experiments to obtain a comprehensive view for the neuropharmacological role of these interacting receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chang-Halabi
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Cordero
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Xander Sarabia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Villalobos
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nelson P Barrera
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile.
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2
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Yang G, Wu G, Yao W, Guan L, Geng X, Liu J, Liu Z, Yang L, Huang Q, Zeng X, Yang P. 5-HT is associated with the dysfunction of regulating T cells in patients with allergic rhinitis. Clin Immunol 2022; 243:109101. [PMID: 36029976 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The dysfunction of regulating T lymphocytes (Treg) is associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases. Serotonin (5-HT) is capable of interacting with immune cells. The objective of the present study is to shed light on the role of 5-HT in regulating Treg activities. Blood samples were collected from patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (AR). Tregs were isolated from blood samples by magnetic cell sorting. The levels of 5-HT and other cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that serum 5-HT levels in patients with AR were higher than in healthy control (HC) subjects. A positive correlation was identified in the data between 5-HT concentrations and AR-related cytokine concentrations in the serum. A negative correlation was found between serum levels of 5-HT and the peripheral frequency of Treg. Exposure to 5-HT enhanced the expression of IL-6 and IL-21 in dendritic (DC) cells. Co-culture of 5-HT-primed DCs with Tregs led to the conversion of Th17 cells. STAT3 blockade efficiently abolished the 5-HT-associated conversion of Th17 cells from Tregs. In summary, patients with AR exhibited higher serum concentrations of 5-HT. 5-HT-primed DCs could convert Tregs to Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaohui Wu
- Departments of Respirology and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenkai Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Allergy & Immunology of Shenzhen University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Allergy Division at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Guan
- Departments of Respirology and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaorui Geng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangqi Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liteng Yang
- Departments of Respirology and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinmiao Huang
- Departments of Respirology and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Allergy & Immunology of Shenzhen University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases Allergy Division at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
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3
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Wu X, Ma Y, Chen H, Hao Z, Su N, Li X, Shen J, Wang H. Lysophosphatidic acid induces interleukin-6 and CXCL15 secretion from MLO-Y4 cells through activation of the LPA 1 receptor and PKCθ signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105664. [PMID: 31233937 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a multifunctional phospholipid. Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in bone and can orchestrate bone formation and resorption, in part by producing cytokines that regulate osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and activity. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 are two important cytokines that have potent effects on bone fracture healing. Previous studies suggest that platelet-derived LPA may influence fracture healing by inducing osteocyte dendrite outgrowth. However, the biological mechanism through which LPA induces cytokine production in osteocytes is poorly understood. In this study, we report that LPA markedly enhanced IL-6 and CXCL15 (mouse homologue of human IL-8) production in MLO-Y4 cells and that this enhancement was suppressed by the LPA1/3-selective antagonist Ki16425, the Gi/o protein inhibitor PTX or the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor sotrastaurin. We also observed that of all the PKC isoform targets of sotrastaurin, only PKCθ was activated by LPA in MLO-Y4 cells and that this activation was blocked by sotrastaurin, Ki16425 or PTX. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrate that LPA may be a potent inducer of IL-6 and CXCL15 production in MLO-Y4 cells and that this induction is associated with the activation of LPA1, Gi/o protein and the PKCθ pathway. These findings may help us better understand the mechanism of fracture healing and contribute to the treatment of bone damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangnan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Helin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhichao Hao
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Naichuan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiefei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Noonin C. Involvement of Serotonin in crayfish hematopoiesis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 86:189-195. [PMID: 29778989 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is a conserved monoamine neurotransmitter that has several physiological functions both in vertebrates and invertebrates. In addition to its well-known function in the central nervous system, 5-HT also participates in peripheral system. However, in crustaceans, the knowledge about peripheral functions of 5-HT is limited. In this study, a role of 5-HT in hematopoiesis in crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus, was investigated. The presence of 5-HT in crayfish plasma and the effect of 5-HT injection on hemocyte number were examined. The effects of 5-HT on hematopoietic tissue (HPT) cell proliferation and secretion of the hematopoietic cytokine, astakine 1 (Ast 1) were determined in vitro. The results from this study suggest that 5-HT has no direct effect on HPT cell proliferation, but it participates in crayfish hematopoiesis through stimulating Ast 1 cytokine release from crayfish hemocytes, and thereby affects release of new hemocytes into the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadanat Noonin
- Department of Organismal Biology, Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Saraykar S, John V, Cao B, Hnatow M, Ambrose CG, Rianon N. Association of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Women. J Clin Densitom 2018; 21:193-199. [PMID: 28712980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression and osteoporosis are 2 common comorbidities in geriatric patients. There are concerns about the deleterious effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant use on bone mineral density (BMD). We examined the association between SSRI use and BMD in elderly women (≥65 yr) referred to a geriatric osteoporosis clinic for bone health evaluation. Cross-sectional analyses using the general linear model were performed on data collected retrospectively from August 2010 to April 2015. A total of 250 women were seen during the study period. Of these, 140 women had complete data on BMD measurements: 22 (15.7%) used an SSRI and 118 (84.3%) did not. The 2 groups, SSRI users and SSRI nonusers, did not differ significantly across any of the covariates tested (age, ethnicity, body mass index, and past and present osteoporosis treatment medications). After adjusting for covariates, there was no difference in the BMDs at the femoral neck (p = 0.887) or the spine (p = 0.275) between the 2 groups. Similarly, no difference was seen in the T-scores between SSRI users and nonusers at the femoral neck (p = 0.924) or at the spine level (p = 0.393). Our study did not show an association between SSRI use and BMD among elderly women referred for bone health evaluation. Other studies in the literature have been inconclusive, and therefore, robust longitudinal studies are needed to further assess the interaction between SSRI use and predictors of fracture such as BMD, bone turnover markers, and genes involved in bone turnover. Until then, clinicians should closely monitor the bone health of long-term SSRI users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Saraykar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vineeth John
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew Hnatow
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine G Ambrose
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nahid Rianon
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA.
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Drugs which influence serotonin transporter and serotonergic receptors: Pharmacological and clinical properties in the treatment of depression. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:37-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Dong Y, Han Y, Wang Z, Qin Z, Yang C, Cao J, Chen Y. Role of serotonin on the intestinal mucosal immune response to stress-induced diarrhea in weaning mice. BMC Gastroenterol 2017; 17:82. [PMID: 28633646 PMCID: PMC5479009 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During weaning, babies and young animal often experience diarrhea from food intolerance and/or decreasing levels of maternal antibodies, and diarrhea tends to be particularly severe during the early-weaned period, which often exhibits an underdeveloped immune system, a disturbed gut environment and results in nutrient malabsorption and dehydration. It was deduced that neuroendocrine might have close relation with diarrhea, especially 5-HT. METHODS To explore the role of serotonin (5-HT) in weaning mice subjected to stress-induced diarrhea, 21-day-old weaned mice were divided into the following groups: control group, stress-induced diarrhea group (restrained by binding the hind limbs and intragastric administration of folium sennae with 0.4 g/mL, 15 mL/kg body weight) and para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) + stress-induced diarrhea group (30 mg/mL, 300 mg/kg body weight PCPA intraperitoneal injection before stress-induced diarrhea treatment). RESULTS Based on results from enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, histological staining, lymphocyte proliferation assays and flow cytometry analysis, we found that the mice experienced increases in several stress markers, which coincided with severe diarrhea and an increase in 5-HT levels. However, pre-treatment with PCPA resulted in a decrease in the stress indicators and the severity of diarrhea, which correlated with decreased 5-HT levels. Interestingly, stress-induced diarrhea caused changes in various aspects of the immune system, including the amount of intraepithelium lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte populations, B and T lymphocyte proliferation, and the secretion of sIgA and cytokines in the small intestine and ileum. However, these immune system changes could be reversed upon treatment with PCPA. CONCLUSIONS We observed a distinct correlation between 5-HT levels and the occurrence of stress-induced diarrhea in weaning mice, which may result in the deregulation of the mucosal immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Dong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Han
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuoming Qin
- Institute of Poultry, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Cao
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
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Yu K, Ma Y, Li X, Wu X, Liu W, Li X, Shen J, Wang H. Lipopolysaccharide increases IL-6 secretion via activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway to up-regulate RANKL gene expression in MLO-Y4 cells. Cell Biol Int 2016; 41:84-92. [PMID: 27778412 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays an important role in bone resorption, which involves numerous cytokines through various signaling pathways. RANKL and interleukin (IL)-6 are two important cytokines that are involved in bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of LPS on RANKL and IL-6 gene expression, the relationship of RANKL and IL-6, and the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) on IL-6 secretion induced by LPS in MLO-Y4 cells. The cells were stimulated by LPS at different concentrations (1, 10, 100, 500, and 1000 ng/mL) for different durations (0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 h), and the mRNA expressions of RANKL and IL-6 were determined by PCR. In the presence of 100 ng/mL LPS at different time points (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 4 h), IL-6 secretion and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the cells were determined by ELISA and western blotting, respectively. STAT3 phosphorylation in cells simulated by 100 ng/mL LPS at different time points (0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h) was assessed by western blotting. We found that LPS significantly up-regulated RANKL expression and activated the ERK1/2 pathway to induce IL-6 mRNA expression and protein synthesis in MLO-Y4 cells. However, the increased IL-6 was blocked by pre-treatment of MLO-Y4 cells with the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (10 µM), and the enhanced RANKL was blocked by the STAT3 inhibitor S3I-201 (100 µM). Our results indicate that LPS up-regulates osteocyte expression of RANKL and IL-6, and the increased RANKL is associated with the up-regulation of IL-6, which involves the ERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,College of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Xianxian Li
- Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiangnan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiefei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Abstract
Recent meta-analyses report a 70 % increase in fracture risk in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) users compared to non-users; however, included studies were observational and limited in their ability to establish causality. Here, we use the Bradford Hill criteria to explore causality between SSRIs and fractures. We found a strong, consistent, and temporal relationship between SSRIs and fractures, which appears to follow a biological gradient. However, specificity and biological plausibility remain concerns. In terms of specificity, the majority of available data have limitations due to either confounding by indication or channeling bias. Self-controlled case series address some of these limitations and provide relatively strong observational evidence for a causal relationship between SSRIs and fracture. In doing so, they suggest that falls contribute to fractures in SSRI users. Whether there are also underlying changes in skeletal properties remains unresolved. Initial studies provide some evidence for skeletal effects of SSRIs; however, the pathways involved need to be established before biological plausibility can be accepted. As the link between SSRIs and fractures is based on observational data and not evidence from prospective trials, there is insufficient evidence to definitively determine a causal relationship and it appears premature to label SSRIs as a secondary cause of osteoporosis. SSRIs appear to contribute to fracture-inducing falls, and addressing any fall risk associated with SSRIs may be an efficient approach to reducing SSRI-related fractures. As fractures stemming from SSRI-induced falls are more likely in individuals with compromised bone health, it is worth considering bone density testing and intervention for those presenting with risk factors for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Warden
- Center for Translational Musculoskeletal Research and Department of Physical Therapy, School of the Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, 1140 W. Michigan St., CF-120, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Robyn K Fuchs
- Center for Translational Musculoskeletal Research and Department of Physical Therapy, School of the Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University, 1140 W. Michigan St., CF-120, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Bakken MS, Schjøtt J, Engeland A, Engesaeter LB, Ruths S. Antipsychotic Drugs and Risk of Hip Fracture in People Aged 60 and Older in Norway. J Am Geriatr Soc 2016; 64:1203-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marit S. Bakken
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Kavli Research Centre for Geriatrics and Dementia; Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Jan Schjøtt
- Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Section of Clinical Pharmacology; Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Regional Medicines Information and Pharmacovigilance Centre; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Anders Engeland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; Oslo Norway
| | - Lars B. Engesaeter
- Department of Clinical Science; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Norwegian Arthroplasty Registry; Department of Orthopaedics and Department of Clinical Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
| | - Sabine Ruths
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice; Uni Research Health; Bergen Norway
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Tanaka K, Hirai T, Ishibashi Y, Izumo N, Togari A. Modulation of osteoblast differentiation and bone mass by 5-HT2A receptor signaling in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:150-7. [PMID: 26026645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies reported that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) may be an endogenous paracrine and/or autocrine factor that is used for intercellular communication in bone cells and between multiple organs regulating bone homeostasis. In the present study, we showed that the administration of MDL11939, a selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, reduced bone mass in mice. The loss of bone mass in MDL11939-treated mice was associated with impaired bone formation in vivo, as demonstrated by the lower expression of osterix (Osx) and osteocalcin than that in vehicle-treated mice. On the other hand, no significant differences were observed in osteoclast numbers between MDL11939- and vehicle-treated mice. The pharmacological blockade of 5-HT2A receptor signaling significantly decreased alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblastic cells. In addition, the knockdown of the 5-HT2A receptor by a siRNA treatment decreased Osx, but not Runx2 gene expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. These results suggest that 5-HT2A receptor signaling mediated bone mass by regulating osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenjiro Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Hirai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Ishibashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Yokohama College of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan; Division of Development Higher Brain Functions (University of Fukui), United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University and Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Nobuo Izumo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Yokohama College of Pharmacy, 601 Matano-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Akifumi Togari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Aichi, Japan.
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12
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Li X, Wu X, Ma Y, Hao Z, Chen S, Fu T, Chen H, Wang H. Oral administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan aggravated periodontitis-induced alveolar bone loss in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:789-98. [PMID: 25766472 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is the precursor of serotonin and 5-HTP has been widely used as a dietary supplement to raise serotonin level. Serotonin has recently been discovered to be a novel and important player in bone metabolism. As peripheral serotonin negatively regulates bone, the regular take of 5-HTP may affect the alveolar bone metabolism and therefore influence the alveolar bone loss induced by periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 5-HTP on alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis. DESIGN Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: (1) the control group (without ligature); (2) the 5-HTP group (5-HTP at 25 mg/kg/day without ligature); (3) the L group (ligature+saline placebo); and (4) the L+5-HTP group (ligature+5-HTP at 25 mg/kg/day). Serum serotonin levels were determined by ELISA. The alveolar bones were evaluated with micro-computed tomography and histology. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining was used to assess osteoclastogenesis. The receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in the periodontium as well as the interleukin-6 positive osteocytes were analysed immunohistochemically. RESULTS 5-HTP significantly increased serum serotonin levels. In rats with experimental periodontitis, 5-HTP increased alveolar bone resorption and worsened the micro-structural destruction of the alveolar bone. 5-HTP also stimulated osteoclastogenesis and increased RANKL/OPG ratio and the number of IL-6 positive osteocytes. However, 5-HTP treatment alone did not cause alveolar bone loss in healthy rats. CONCLUSION The present study showed that 5-HTP aggravated alveolar bone loss, deteriorated alveolar bone micro-structure in the presence of periodontitis, which suggests 5-HTP administration may increase the severity of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Xiangnan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
| | - Zhichao Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Shenyuan Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China; The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Taozi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Helin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Hang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Yang CJ, Liu CL, Sang B, Zhu XM, Du YJ. The combined role of serotonin and interleukin-6 as biomarker for autism. Neuroscience 2014; 284:290-296. [PMID: 25453766 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and repetitive behaviors. Diagnosis of autism is currently phenotype based with no reliable laboratory test available to assist clinicians. It has been shown that dysfunction of serotonin (5-HT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are involved in autism. The goal of this study was to evaluate the combined role of 5-HT and IL-6 as potential biomarkers for autism. The whole blood concentration of 5-HT and plasma concentration of IL-6 of individuals with autism were significantly elevated compared with the control group, and the concentration of 5-HT and IL-6 had positive correlations with the severity of autism. The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the combination of 5-HT and IL-6 produced the best sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of autism. Therefore, the present study has revealed a simple clinical method with great potential for assisting the diagnosis of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-J Yang
- School of Preschool & Special Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - C-L Liu
- School of Preschool & Special Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - B Sang
- School of Preschool & Special Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - X-M Zhu
- Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y-J Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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