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Zhao R, Dong J, Liu C, Li M, Tan R, Fei C, Chen Y, Yang X, Shi J, Xu J, Wang L, Li P, Zhang Z. Thrombospondin-1 promotes mechanical stress-mediated ligamentum flavum hypertrophy through the TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Matrix Biol 2024; 127:8-22. [PMID: 38281553 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Lumbar spinal canal stenosis is primarily caused by ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH), which is a significant pathological factor. Nevertheless, the precise molecular basis for the development of LFH remains uncertain. The current investigation observed a notable increase in thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) expression in LFH through proteomics analysis and single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of clinical ligamentum flavum specimens. In laboratory experiments, it was demonstrated that THBS1 triggered the activation of Smad3 signaling induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), leading to the subsequent enhancement of COL1A2 and α-SMA, which are fibrosis markers. Furthermore, experiments conducted on a bipedal standing mouse model revealed that THBS1 played a crucial role in the development of LFH. Sestrin2 (SESN2) acted as a stress-responsive protein that suppressed the expression of THBS1, thus averting the progression of fibrosis in ligamentum flavum (LF) cells. To summarize, these results indicate that mechanical overloading causes an increase in THBS1 production, which triggers the TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling pathway and ultimately results in the development of LFH. Targeting the suppression of THBS1 expression may present a novel approach for the treatment of LFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhao
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiale Dong
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Mingheng Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Ruiqian Tan
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Chengshuo Fei
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yanlin Chen
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
| | - Peng Li
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Lin J, Jiang S, Xiang Q, Zhao Y, Wang L, Fan D, Zhong W, Sun C, Chen Z, Li W. Interleukin-17A Promotes Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Ligamentum Flavum Cells Through Regulation of β-Catenin Signaling. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2023; 48:E362-E371. [PMID: 37539780 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A basic experimental study. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role and mechanism of interleukin (IL)-17A in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA TOLF is characterized by the replacement of the thoracic ligamentum flavum with ossified tissue and is one of the leading causes of thoracic spinal stenosis. IL-17A is an important member of the IL-17 family that has received widespread attention for its key contributions to the regulation of bone metabolism and heterotopic ossification. However, it is unclear whether IL-17A is involved in TOLF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell counting kit-8 assay and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining were performed to assess the proliferation of ligamentum flavum cells (LFCs). Alkaline phosphatase activity assay, Alizarin red staining, and protein level expression of osteogenic-related genes were used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential of LFCs. The effect of IL-17A on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of LFCs was further assessed after silencing β-catenin by transfection with small interfering RNA. In addition, the possible source of IL-17A was further demonstrated by coculture assays of T helper 17 (Th17) cells with LFCs. Student t test was used for comparisons between groups, and the one-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey post hoc test, was used for comparison of more than two groups. RESULTS IL-17A was elevated in TOLF tissue compared with normal ligamentum flavum. IL-17A stimulation promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of LFCs derived from patients with TOLF. We found that IL-17A promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of LFCs by regulating the β-catenin signaling. Coculture of Th17 cells with LFCs enhanced β-catenin signaling-mediated proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of LFCs. However, these effects were markedly attenuated after the neutralization of IL-17A. CONCLUSIONS This is the first work we are aware of to highlight the importance of IL-17A in TOLF. IL-17A secreted by Th17 cells in the ligamentum flavum may be involved in the ossification of the microenvironment by regulating β-catenin signaling to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of LFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhao Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Longjie Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dongwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Woquan Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiguo Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weishi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Liu K, Shu L, Huang AY, Chang Y, Chen Z, Zhang C. PTGR1 is involved in cell proliferation in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292821. [PMID: 37910537 PMCID: PMC10619815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a heterotopic ossification of spinal ligaments, leading to serious myelopathy. TOLF underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Our iTRAQ analysis have identified ten inflammatory factors related to TOLF, including l. We found that PTGR1 expressions increased in TOLF by RT-PCR and western blot in this study. Both cell proliferation and differentiation are important for the process of bone formation. In our previous study, we demonstrated that TOLF primary cells grew faster than control cells. It was reported that knockdown of PTGR1 inhibited cell proliferation. We hypothesize that PTGR1 may participate in cell proliferation in TOLF. To test this hypothesis, TOLF primary cells were treated for 24h with PTGR1. We observed that PTGR1 increased cell proliferation. The effect of PTGR1 on cell proliferation related genes was examined in TOLF primary cells. Our results showed that PTGR1 was able to activate expressions of c-Myc and CyclinD1. Moreover, blocking JNK pathway by selective JNK inhibitor SP600125 eliminated the positive effect of PTGR1 on c-Myc expression, indicating that PTGR1 activated the expression of c-Myc via JNK pathway. Our new findings suggest that PTGR1 is involved in cell proliferation of TOLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuankuan Liu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Shu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ann Yehong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yanan Chang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Huang H, Chen H, Zhang P, Liu Y, Gan Y, Yan X, Xie B, Liu H, He B, Tang J, Shen G, Jiang X. Unearths IFNB1 immune infiltrates in SOP-related ossification of ligamentum flavum pathogenesis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16722. [PMID: 37303521 PMCID: PMC10248278 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a hidden, indolent disease condition with variable unexplained etiology and pathology. Growing evidences show a correlation between senile osteoporosis (SOP) and OLF, but the fundamental relationship between SOP and OLF remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to investigate unique SOP-related genes and their potential functions in OLF. Methods Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was utilized to gather the mRNA expression data (GSE106253) and then analyzed by R software. A variety of methods, including ssGSEA, machine learning (LASSO and SVM-RFE), GO and KEGG enrichment, PPI network, transcription factor enrichment analysis (TFEA), GSEA and xCells were employed to verified the critical genes and signaling pathways. Furthermore, ligamentum flavum cells were cultured and used in vitro to identify the expression of the core genes. Results The preliminary identification of 236 SODEGs revealed their involvement in BP pathways associated with ossification, inflammation, and immune response, including the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and osteoclast differentiation. Four down-regulated genes (SERPINE1, SOCS3, AKT1, CCL2) and one up-regulated gene (IFNB1) were among the five hub SODEGs that were validated. Additionally, they were performed by ssGSEA and xCell to show the relationship of immune cells infiltrating in OLF. The most fundamental gene, IFNB1, which was only found in the classical ossification- and inflammation-related pathways, suggested that it may affect OLF via regulating the inflammatory response. In vitro experiment, we found that IFNB1 expression was dramatically higher in cells cocultured with osteogenic induction than in controls. Conclusion As far as we are concerned, this is the first observation using transcriptome data mining to reveal distinct SOP-related gene profiles between OLF and normal controls. Five hub SODEGs were ultimately found using bioinformatics algorithms and experimental verification. These genes may mediate intricate inflammatory/immune responses or signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of OLF, according to the thorough functional annotations. Since IFNB1 was discovered to be a key gene and was connected to numerous immune infiltrates in OLF, it is possible that IFNB1 expression has a substantial impact on the pathogenesis of OLF. Our research will give rise to new possibilities for potential therapeutics that target SOP reverent genes and immune-associated pathways in OLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Hongwei Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- People's Hospital of Yang Jiang, Yang Jiang 529500, China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yanchi Gan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xianwei Yan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Bin Xie
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Bowen He
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Gengyang Shen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
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Wang C, Wei Z, Yu T, Zhang L. Dysregulation of metalloproteinases in spinal ligament degeneration. Connect Tissue Res 2023:1-13. [PMID: 36600486 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2160327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Degenerative changes in the spinal ligaments, such as hypertrophy or ossification, are important pathophysiological mechanisms of secondary spinal stenosis and neurological compression. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is one of the major pathological changes in ligament degeneration, and in this remodeling, ECM proteinase-mediated degradation of elastin and collagen plays a vital role. Zinc-dependent endopeptidases, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), and ADAMs with thrombospondin-1 motifs (ADAMTSs) are key factors in ECM remodeling. This review aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these metalloproteinases in the initiation and progression of spinal ligament degeneration. METHODS We clarify current literature on the dysregulation of MMPs/ADAMs/ADAMTS and their endogenous inhibitors in degenerative spinal ligament diseases. In addition, some instructive information was excavated from the raw data of the relevant high-throughput analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The dysregulation of metalloproteinases and their endogenous inhibitors may affect ligament degeneration by involving several interrelated processes, represented by ECM degradation, fibroblast proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. Antagonists of the key targets of the processes may in turn ease ligament degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziran Wei
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Medical Research Centre, Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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High Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Body Mass Index Are Independent Risk Factors of the Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:4300894. [PMID: 35996410 PMCID: PMC9392597 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4300894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation has been considered to play an important role in the pathogenesis of the thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF). However, the inflammation-related risk factors of thoracic OLF have not been fully investigated to date. Methods A total of 95 patients (48 in the OLF group and 47 in the control group) were included in this retrospective study to explore the independent risk factors of thoracic OLF. The following demographic and clinical variables were compared between the two groups: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), coexistence of hypertension or diabetes, and inflammation-related variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the independent risk factors. Results High systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (≥621) (odds ratio [OR] = 12.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.95–50.17, p < 0.01) and BMI (≥25 kg/m2) (OR = 9.17, 95%CI = 3.22–26.08, p < 0.01) were independent risk factors of thoracic OLF. SII (R = 0.38, p < 0.01) and BMI (R = 0.46, p < 0.01) were positively associated with OLF score. Conclusion High SII and BMI were the independent risk factors of thoracic OLF. Multicenter prospective studies with a large population should be conducted in the future to verify our findings.
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IL-6 is involved in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272357. [PMID: 35905126 PMCID: PMC9337630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a heterotopic ossification of spinal ligaments. TOLF is the major cause of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and myelopathy, and its underlying mechanisms are not clear. Bone formation is a complex developmental process involving the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts, and regulated by BMP2, RUNX2, Osterix (OSX), etc. In this study, we continue to further characterize properties of TOLF. Our immunohistochemistry experiments showed that expressions of osteoblastic factors such as BMP2 and RUNX2 increased in TOLF. According to flow cytometry analysis the proportion of S phase of cell cycle in primary TOLF cells was 9% higher than the control. Alizarin red staining and ALP staining observations were consistent with immunohistochemistry results. It was also observed that inflammatory cytokine IL-6 level dramatically increased in the culture supernatant of primary TOLF cells. We propose the hypothesis that IL-6 is involved in TOLF. To testify the hypothesis, we examined the effect of IL-6. Our results showed that IL-6 was able to activate expressions of osteoblastic factors such as BMP2, RUNX2, OSX, OCN and ALP, and that expressions of cell proliferation factors cyclin D1 and cyclin C increased in the presence of IL-6. Moreover, IL-6-induced BMP2 expression was inhibited by p38 inhibitor SB203580, indicating that IL-6 regulated the osteogenic BMP2 activation through p38 MAPK pathway. These data suggest that IL-6 is involved in TOLF.
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Yang X, Sun C, Meng X, Chen G, Fan T, Zhang C, Chen Z. LGR5 regulates osteogenic differentiation of human thoracic ligamentum flavum cells by Wnt signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:3862-3872. [PMID: 35668632 PMCID: PMC9279595 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is ectopic ossification of the spinal ligaments. Histologically, the development of TOLF can be described as the process of endochondral ossification. However, the underlying aetiology has not been completely clarified. In this investigation, the gene expression profile associated with leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G‐protein‐coupled receptors (LGR) and Wnt signalling pathway in the thoracic ligamentum flavum cells (TLFCs) of different ossification stages was analysed via RNA sequencing. We further confirmed the significant differences in the related gene expression profile by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. LGR5 was first identified in primary human TLFCs during osteogenic differentiation. To evaluate the effect of LGR5 on osteogenic differentiation, LGR5 has been knocked down and overexpressed in human TLFCs. We observed that the knockdown of LGR5 inhibited the activity of Wnt signalling and attenuated the potential osteogenic differentiation of TLFCs, while overexpression of LGR5 activated the Wnt signalling pathway and increased osteogenic differentiation. Our results provide important evidence for the potent positive mediatory effects of LGR5 on osteogenesis by enhancing the Wnt signalling pathway in TOLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiguo Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhang B, Yuan L, Chen G, Chen X, Yang X, Fan T, Sun C, Fan D, Chen Z. Deciphering Obesity-Related Gene Clusters Unearths SOCS3 Immune Infiltrates and 5mC/m6A Modifiers in Ossification of Ligamentum Flavum Pathogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:861567. [PMID: 35712246 PMCID: PMC9196192 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.861567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) is an insidious and debilitating heterotopic ossifying disease with etiological heterogeneity and undefined pathogenesis. Obese individuals predispose to OLF, whereas the underlying connections between obesity phenotype and OLF pathomechanism are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to explore distinct obesity-related genes and their functional signatures in OLF. METHODS The transcriptome sequencing data related to OLF were downloaded from the GSE106253 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The obesity-related differentially expressed genes (ORDEGs) in OLF were screened, and functional and pathway enrichment analysis were applied for these genes. Furthermore, protein-protein interactions (PPI), module analysis, transcription factor enrichment analysis (TFEA), and experiment validation were used to identify hub ORDEGs. The immune infiltration landscape in OLF was depicted, and correlation analysis between core gene SOCS3 and OLF-related infiltrating immune cells (OIICs) as well as 5mC/m6A modifiers in OLF was constructed. RESULTS Ninety-nine ORDEGs were preliminarily identified, and functional annotations showed these genes were mainly involved in metabolism, inflammation, and immune-related biological functions and pathways. Integrative bioinformatic algorithms determined a crucial gene cluster associated with inflammatory/immune responses, such as TNF signaling pathway, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, and regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling. Eight hub ORDEGs were validated, including 6 down-regulated genes (SOCS3, PPARG, ICAM-1, CCL2, MYC, and NT5E) and 2 up-regulated genes (PTGS2 and VEGFA). Furthermore, 14 differential OIICs were identified by ssGSEA and xCell, and SOCS3 was overlapped to be the core gene, which was associated with multiple immune infiltrates (dendritic cells, macrophage, and T cells) and six m6A modifiers as well as four 5mC regulators in OLF. Reduced SOCS3 and FTO expression and up-regulated DNMT1 level in OLF were validated by Western blotting. CONCLUSION This study deciphered immune/inflammatory signatures of obesity-related gene clusters for the first time, and defined SOCS3 as one core gene. The crosstalk between 5mC/m6A methylation may be a key mediator of SOCS3 expression and immune infiltration. These findings will provide more insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets of obesity-related OLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoliang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiguo Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Dongwei Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongqiang Chen,
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Qu X, Hou X, Chen Z, Chen G, Fan T, Yang X. Association analysis and functional study of COL6A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum in the Chinese Han population. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2021; 30:2782-2790. [PMID: 34287704 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-06932-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic factors play a crucial role in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF). This study aimed to better understand the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in functional regions of the collagen VI, alpha 1 gene (COL6A1) and TOLF, and to confirm COL6A1 as a TOLF susceptibility gene. METHODS Ten tag SNPs in COL6A1 were genotyped using the SNaPshot assay, and allele and genotype frequencies were compared between TOLF patients and control individuals. The function of SNPs associated with disease was studied. For COL6A1 promoter SNPs, the transcriptional activity of each haplotype was determined by luciferase reporter assays. For COL6A1 exonic SNPs, the effect of nucleotide substitutions on COL6A1 expression was determined by western blotting. COL6A1 mRNA expression in ligamentum flavum tissues from TOLF patients with different genotypes was examined using reverse transcription real-time PCR. RESULTS Four SNPs were associated or possibly associated with TOLF, with higher pathogenic allele and genotype frequencies seen in TOLF patients compared with controls. The rs17551710/rs7671-GG/GG genotype appeared to be related to disease severity. Nucleotide substitutions at rs17551710 and rs7671 increased COL6A1 transcriptional activity and nucleotide substitutions at rs1053312 and rs13051496 increased COL6A1 protein expression. COL6A1 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in individuals with rs17551710/rs7671-GG/GG and rs1053312/rs13051496-AA+AG/CC genotypes compared with other genotypes. CONCLUSION SNPs in the COL6A1 promoter and exonic regions are associated with TOLF in the Chinese Han population, and lead to up-regulated COL6A1 expression. We confirmed COL6A1 as a TOLF susceptibility gene that may be involved in TOLF pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism for Repair and Remodeling of Orthopaedic Diseases, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofei Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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11
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Luo X, Li M, Zhang H, Yan D, Ji S, Wu R, Chen Y. Comparative proteomic analysis of three Lactobacillus plantarum strains under salt stress by iTRAQ. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3457-3471. [PMID: 33270231 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactobacillus plantarum, a common species of lactic acid bacteria, is used to improve the flavor of traditional fermented food. Under salt stress, different strains of L. plantarum can respond differently. In this work, proteomics and bioinformatics analysis of L. plantarum strains (ATCC14917, FS5-5, and 208) grown under salt stress (240 g L-1 sodium chloride (NaCl)) were investigated based on the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation method. RESULTS Although 171 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were observed, only 44, 57, and 112 DEPs were identified in the strains ATCC14917, FS5-5, and 208 respectively. There were 33, 191, and 179 specific DEPs in ATCC14917 versus FS5-5, in 208 versus FS5-5, and in strain 208 versus ATCC14917 in 240 g L-1 NaCl. These DEPs indicate that the three strains, from pickles, fermented soybean paste, and fermented milk, may have different salt stress responses. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that most DEPs observed were involved in protein biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, and sugar metabolism. Twenty-six significantly different DEPs that were possibly associated with salt response were selected and further analyzed for gene expression level and pattern by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Pyruvate kinase and cysteine desulfurase had similar expression patterns in all three strains; glutamate decarboxylase expression was upregulated in FS5-5 and significantly upregulated in strain 208; RNA polymerase subunit alpha was downregulated in FS5-5 but upregulated in strain 208. CONCLUSIONS These results also showed that the salt stress response of strain 208 may involve higher numbers of genes than the other strains. This research provides a theoretical basis for improvement of salt tolerance of L. plantarum in industrial production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Luo
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mo Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Henan Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Danli Yan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuaiqi Ji
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rina Wu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongfu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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12
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Kotheeranurak V, Pholprajug P, Lin GX, Pruttikul P, Yingsakmongkol W, Tejapongvorachai T, Kim JS. Full-endoscopic decompression for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the ligamentum flavum: patient series. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY: CASE LESSONS 2021; 1:CASE20138. [PMID: 36045939 PMCID: PMC9394180 DOI: 10.3171/case20138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe the least invasive surgical technique of
endoscopic decompression for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of
the ligamentum flavum (OLF) and to review the literature available on the
diagnosis and treatment of OLF. OBSERVATIONS The mean age of the patients was 51.2 (range, 40–62) years, and the
mean preoperative, 2-week postoperative, and last follow-up modified
Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores were 6.6 (range, 4–10), 9.6
(range, 7–11), and 13 (range, 10–14), respectively. All
patients were discharged within 48 hours after the surgery. The mean
follow-up period was 13.2 (range, 7–18) months. No complication was
found perioperatively, and none of the patients had postoperative
instability during the follow-up period. LESSONS Based on this clinical case series and literature review, the authors
conclude that endoscopic decompression surgery is feasible and effective for
managing thoracic myelopathy caused by OLF while minimizing surrounding
tissue damage. Additionally, it enables shorter periods of hospital
stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vit Kotheeranurak
- Department of Orthopedics, Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Sriracha, Chonburi, Thailand
| | | | - Guang-Xun Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Wicharn Yingsakmongkol
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; and
| | - Tawechai Tejapongvorachai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand; and
| | - Jin-Sung Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Spine Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Wang B, Lu J, Zheng J, Yu Z. iTRAQ-facilitated proteomic analysis of Bacillus cereus via degradation of malachite green. J Microbiol 2021; 59:142-150. [PMID: 33527315 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-021-0441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The wide use of malachite green (MG) as a dye has caused substantial concern owing to its toxicity. Bacillus cereus can against the toxic effect of MG and efficiently decolourise it. However, detailed information regarding its underlying adaptation and degradation mechanisms based on proteomic data is scarce. In this study, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-facilitated quantitative method was applied to analyse the molecular mechanisms by which B. cereus degrades MG. Based on this analysis, 209 upregulated proteins and 198 downregulated proteins were identified with a false discovery rate of 1% or less during MG biodegradation. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis determined that the differentially expressed proteins were enriched in metabolic processes, catalytic activity, antioxidant activity, and responses to stimuli. Furthermore, real-time qPCR was utilised to further confirm the regulated proteins involved in benzoate degradation. The proteins BCE_4076 (Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase), BCE_5143 (Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase), BCE_5144 (3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase), BCE_4651 (Enoyl-CoA hydratase), and BCE_5474 (3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase) involved in the benzoate degradation pathway may play an important role in the biodegradation of MG by B. cereus. The results of this study not only provide a comprehensive view of proteomic changes in B. cereus upon MG loading but also shed light on the mechanism underlying MG biodegradation by B. cereus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Junfang Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, P. R. China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
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14
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Zheng Z, Ao X, Li P, Lian Z, Jiang T, Zhang Z, Wang L. CRLF1 Is a Key Regulator in the Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:858. [PMID: 33072735 PMCID: PMC7533558 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum (HLF) is one of the common causes of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). The key molecules and mechanisms responsible for HLF remain unclear. Here, we used an integrated transcriptome and proteomics analysis of human ligamentum flavum (LF), and subsequent immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR assays, to show upregulation of CRLF1 to be the dominant response to HLF. TGF-β1 significantly increased mRNA expression of CRLF1 through SMAD3 pathway. CRLF1 enhanced LF fibrosis via ERK signaling pathway at the post-transcriptional level and was required for the pro-fibrotic effect of TGF-β1. Knockdown of CRLF1 was shown here to reduce fibrosis caused by inflammatory cytokines and mechanical stress. Furthermore, we found that bipedal standing posture can cause HLF and upregulation of CRLF1 expression in mice LF. Overexpression of CRLF1 was indicated to cause HLF in vivo, whereas CRLF1 knockdown impeded the formation of HLF in bipedal standing mice. These results revealed a crucial role of CRLF1 in LF hypertrophy. We propose that inhibition of CRLF1 is a potential therapeutic strategy to treat HLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengnan Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China.,Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopadics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Academy of Orthopedics, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Fan T, Meng X, Sun C, Yang X, Chen G, Li W, Chen Z. Genome-wide DNA methylation profile analysis in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8753-8762. [PMID: 32583558 PMCID: PMC7412700 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) causes serious spinal canal stenosis. The underlying aetiology may relate to genetic and inflammatory factors. DNA methylation plays a critical role in osteogenesis and inflammation, whereas there is no genome‐wide DNA methylation analysis about TOLF. The two subtypes of TOLF (single‐level and multiple‐level) have distinct clinical features. Using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT), we showed the ossification arose from the joint between two vertebrae at one/both sides of ligament flavum. With Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 850 BeadChip arrays, genome‐wide DNA methylation profile was measured in ligament flavum of eight healthy and eight TOLF samples. Only 65 of the differentially methylated cytosine‐phosphate‐guanine dinucleotides were found in both subtype groups. Principal component analysis and heat map analysis showed a different methylation pattern in TOLF samples, and methylation patterns of two subtypes are also distinct. The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was significantly enriched in differentiation and inflammation. Pyrosequencing analysis and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction were performed to validate the arrays results and expression levels, to test six differentially methylated genes (SLC7A11, HOXA10, HOXA11AS, TNIK, homeobox transcript antisense RNA, IFITM1), using another independent samples (P < 0.05). Our findings first demonstrated an altered Genome‐wide DNA methylation profile in TOLF, and implied distinct methylated features in two subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiguo Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weishi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Zhang Q, Zhou D, Wang H, Tan J. Heterotopic ossification of tendon and ligament. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5428-5437. [PMID: 32293797 PMCID: PMC7214162 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Much of the similarities of the tissue characteristics, pathologies and mechanisms of heterotopic ossification (HO) formation are shared between HO of tendon and ligament (HOTL). Unmet need and no effective treatment has been developed for HOTL, primarily attributable to poor understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms. HOTL forms via endochondral ossification, a common process of most kinds of HO. HOTL is a dynamic pathologic process that includes trauma/injury, inflammation, mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) recruitment, chondrogenic differentiation and, finally, ossification. A variety of signal pathways involve HOTL with multiple roles in different stages of HO formation, and here in this review, we summarize the progress and provide an up‐to‐date understanding of HOTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China.,Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Division of Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Pinghu Second People's Hospital, Pinghu, China
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17
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Yan C, Jia HC, Xu JX, Xu T, Chen K, Sun JC, Shi JG. Computer-Based 3D Simulations to Formulate Preoperative Planning of Bridge Crane Technique for Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9666-9678. [PMID: 31847005 PMCID: PMC6929566 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The bridge crane technique is a novel surgical technique for the treatment of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF), but its preoperative planning has not been studied well, which limits the safety and efficacy of surgery to some extent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the method of application and effect of computer-aided preoperative planning (CAPP) on the bridge crane technique for TOLF. Material/Methods This retrospective multi-center included 40 patients with TOLF who underwent the bridge crane technique from 2016 to 2018. According to the utilization of CAPP, patients were divided into Group A (with CAPP, n=21) and Group B (without CAPP, n=19). Comparisons of clinical and radiological outcomes were carried out between the 2 groups. Results The patients in Group A had higher post-mJOA scores and IR of neurological function than those in Group B (p<0.05). Group A had shorter surgery time, fewer fluoroscopic images, and lower incidence of complications than Group B. In Group A, there was a high consistency of all the anatomical parameters between preoperative simulation and postoperative CT (p>0.05). In Group B, there were significant differences in 3 anatomical parameters between postoperative simulation and postoperative CT (p<0.05). In Group B, the patients with no complications had higher post-SVOR and lower SVRR and height of posterior suspension of LOC in postoperative CT than those in postoperative simulation (p<0.05). Conclusions CAPP can enable surgeons to control the decompression effect accurately and reduce the risk of related complications, which improves the safety and efficacy of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yan
- Second Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Undergraduate Incubation Center, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Huai-Cheng Jia
- Second Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Undergraduate Incubation Center, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jia-Xi Xu
- Second Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland).,Undergraduate Incubation Center, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, No. 906 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), Ningbo, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing-Chuan Sun
- Second Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jian-Gang Shi
- Second Department of Spine Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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18
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Liu C, Yang M, Liu L, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Huang C, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li H, Li C, Huang B, Feng C, Zhou Y. Molecular basis of degenerative spinal disorders from a proteomic perspective (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:9-19. [PMID: 31746390 PMCID: PMC6896343 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) are major causes of degenerative spinal disorders. Comparative and proteomic analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in IDD and LFH discs compared with normal discs. Subsequent gene ontology term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of the DEPs in human IDD discs or LFH samples were performed to identify the biological processes and signaling pathways involved in IDD and LFH. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, advanced glycation endproducts-receptor for advanced glycation endproducts signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and transforming growth factor-b signaling pathway were activated in disc degeneration. This review summarizes the recently identified DEPs, including prolargin, fibronectin 1, cartilage intermediate layer protein, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, and collagen types I, II and IV, and their pathophysiological roles in degenerative spinal disorders, and may provide a deeper understanding of the pathological processes of human generative spinal disorders. The present review aimed to summarize significantly changed proteins in degenerative spinal disorders and provide a deeper understanding to prevent these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Libangxi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Southwestern Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Haiyin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chencheng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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19
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Kong D, Zhao Q, Liu W, Wang F. Identification of crucial miRNAs and lncRNAs for ossification of ligamentum flavum. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1683-1699. [PMID: 31257472 PMCID: PMC6625436 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to screen crucial micro (mi)RNAs and long non-coding (lnc)RNAs involved in the development of ossification of ligamentum flavum (OLF) based on the miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous (ce)RNA regulatory network analyses, which are rarely reported. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between 4 OLF and 4 healthy controls were identified using two microarray datasets GSE106253 and GSE106256 collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, followed by calculation of topological characteristics and sub-module analysis in order to obtain hub DEGs. The miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA networks that were established based on their interaction pairs, obtained from miRwalk and starBase databases, respectively, were integrated to form the ceRNA network. The underlying functions of mRNAs were predicted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The present study screened 828 DEGs, 119 DELs and 81 DEMs between OLF and controls. PPI network and module analyses identified interleukin (IL)10, adenylate cyclase (ADCY)5, suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)3, G protein subunit gamma (GNG) 4, collagen type II α 1 chain (COL2A1) and collagen type XIII α 1 chain (COL13A1) as hub genes. The miRNA-mRNA network analysis demonstrated IL10 could be regulated by miR-210-3p, while COL13A1 and COL2A1 could be modulated by miR-329-3p and miR-222-5p, respectively. lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network analysis identified that small nucleolar RNA host gene 16-hsa-miR-196a-5p-SOCS3, ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 16-AS1-hsa-miR-379-5p-GNG4, nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1-has-miR-181b-5p-ADCY5, rhophilin 1-AS1-hsa-miR-299-3p-WNT7B interaction axes may be crucial. DAVID analysis predicted IL10, ADCY5, GNG4 and SOCS3 were involved in ‘adaptive immune response’, ‘Chemokine signaling pathway’ and ‘regulation of apoptosis’ processes, while COL2A1, COL13A1 and WNT7B may be ossification related. In conclusion, the identification of these crucial miRNAs and lncRNAs may be conducive for explaining the pathogenesis of OLF and provide certain natural, endogenous and nontoxic drug targets for the treatment of OLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daliang Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Qiheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Wenping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130031, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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20
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Lu L, Chen G, Yang J, Ma Z, Yang Y, Hu Y, Lu Y, Cao Z, Wang Y, Wang X. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress growth and promote the apoptosis of glioma U251 cells through downregulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108625. [PMID: 30784920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types, exhibit the property of homing towards tumor sites and immunosuppression and have been used as tumor-tropic vectors for tumor therapy. However, few studies have investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms that link MSCs to targeted tumor cells. In this study, we elucidated the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on human glioma U251 cells using a co-culture system in vitro. The anti-tumor activity of co-cultured hBMSCs was assessed by morphological changes, the MTT assay, and Hoechst 33258 staining. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were evaluated using a 24-well Transwell chamber. A proteomics approach was used to identify differentially expressed proteins after hBMSCs treatment in U251 cells, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the results. Bioinformatics analyses were also implemented to better understand the identified proteins, and Western blotting analyses were used to analyze the associated proteins. The results showed that hBMSCs could inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, resulting in apoptosis of U251 cells. Transwell and Matrigel invasion assays showed that hBMSCs reduced the migration and invasion of U251 cells. Using proteomics, 11 differentially expressed proteins were identified and observed. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that the identified proteins participated in several biological processes and exhibited various molecular functions, mainly related to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway. Moreover, hBMSCs regulated changes in proteins linked to cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression and inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like and PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, the findings in our study suggest that hBMSCs inhibit U251 cells proliferation and the EMT-like by downregulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, which indicates that hBMSCs have a potential antitumor characteristics and should be further explored in future glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lu
- Institute of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Guohu Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhanjun Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yubao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zhangqi Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Xuexi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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21
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Yang X, Chen Z, Meng X, Sun C, Li M, Shu L, Fan D, Fan T, Huang AY, Zhang C. Angiopoietin-2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of thoracic ligamentum flavum cells via modulating the Notch signaling pathway. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209300. [PMID: 30557327 PMCID: PMC6296551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is heterotopic ossification of spinal ligaments, which may cause serious thoracic spinal canal stenosis and myelopathy. However, the underlying etiology remains inadequately understood. In this study, the ossification patterns of TOLF were analyzed by micro-computer tomography (micro-CT). The expression profile of genes associated with angiogenesis was analyzed in thoracic ligamentum flavum cells at sites of different patterns of ossification using RNA sequencing. Significant differences in the expression profile of several genes were identified from Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Angiopoietin-2 (ANGPT2) was significantly up-regulated in primary thoracic ligamentum flavum cells during osteogenic differentiation. To address the effect of ANGPT2 on Notch signaling and osteogenesis, ANGPT2 stimulation increased the expression of Notch2 and osteogenic markers of primary thoracic ligamentum flavum cells of immature ossification, while inhibition of ANGPT2 exhibited opposite effect on Notch pathway and osteogenesis of cells of mature ossification. These findings provide the first evidence for positive regulation of ANGPT2 on osteogenic differentiation in human thoracic ligamentum flavum cells via modulating the Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiguo Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Shu
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ann Y Huang
- Daobio, Inc. Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
- Bone Research Laboratory, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
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22
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Yang X, Qu X, Meng X, Li M, Fan D, Fan T, Huang AY, Chen Z, Zhang C. MiR-490-3p inhibits osteogenic differentiation in thoracic ligamentum flavum cells by targeting FOXO1. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1457-1465. [PMID: 30262997 PMCID: PMC6158729 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is a rare heterotopic ossification of spinal ligaments, which is the major cause of thoracic spinal canal stenosis and myelopathy. In this study, the roles of miR-490-3p and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in osteogenesis of human thoracic ligamentum flavum cells were investigated. MiR-490-3p was found to be down-regulated during osteogenic differentiation of thoracic ligamentum flavum cells, while their overexpression inhibited osteogenic differentiation. In addition, the analysis of target prediction and dual luciferase reporter assays supported that miR-490-3p directly targeted FOXO1 and suppressed the expression of FOXO1. Moreover, FOXO1 knockdown was displayed to attenuate the effect of miR-490-3p inhibition. ChIP assays showed that miR-490-3p negatively regulated the interaction of FOXO1 and RUNX2. These findings suggest that miR-490-3p performs an inhibitory role in osteogenic differentiation of thoracic ligamentum flavum cells by potentially targeting FOXO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ann Y Huang
- Bone Research Laboratory, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhongqiang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China.,Bone Research Laboratory, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Orthopedics, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
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Jiang TT, Shi LY, Chen J, Wei LL, Li M, Hu YT, Gan L, Liu CM, Tu HH, Li ZB, Yi WJ, Li JC. Screening and identification of potential protein biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of intensive therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2263-2270. [PMID: 29959917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to discover potential biomarkers for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of intensive therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Protein profiles in 2-months intensively treated TB patients, untreated TB patients, and healthy controls were investigated with iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS technique. 71 differential proteins were identified in 2-months intensively treated TB patients. Significant differences in complement component C7 (CO7), apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4), apolipoprotein C-II (APOC2), and angiotensinogen (ANGT) were found by ELISA validation. CO7 and ANGT were also found significantly different in sputum negative patients, compared with sputum positive patients after intensive treatment. Clinical analysis showed that after 2-months intensive treatment several indicators were significantly changed, and the one-year cure rate of sputum negative patients were significantly higher than sputum positive patients. Diagnostic models consisting of APOC2, CO7 and APOA4 were established to distinguish intensively treated TB patients from untreated TB patients and healthy controls with the AUC value of 0.910 and 0.935. Meanwhile, ANGT and CO7 were combined to identify sputum negative and sputum positive TB patients after intensive treatment with 89.36% sensitivity, 71.43% specificity, and the AUC value of 0.853. The results showed that APOC2, CO7, APOA4, and ANGT may be potential biomarkers for evaluating the efficacy of intensive anti-TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Jiang
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li-Ying Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li-Liang Wei
- Department of Pneumology, Shaoxing Municipal Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Yu-Ting Hu
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lin Gan
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chang-Ming Liu
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui-Hui Tu
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Li
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yi
- Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Li
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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