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Mahmud Z, Asaduzzaman M, Kumar U, Masrour N, Jugov R, Coombes RC, Shousha S, Hu Y, Lam EWF, Yagüe E. Oncogenic EP300 can be targeted with inhibitors of aldo-keto reductases. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:391-403. [PMID: 30862505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
E-cadherin transcriptional activator EP300 is down-regulated in metaplastic breast carcinoma, a rare form of triple negative and E-cadherin-negative aggressive breast cancer with a poor clinical outcome. In order to shed light on the regulation of E-cadherin by EP300 in breast cancer we analyzed by immunohistochemistry 41 cases of invasive breast cancer with both E-cadherinhigh and E-cadherinlow expression levels, together with 20 non-malignant breast tissues. EP300 and E-cadherin showed a positive correlation in both non-malignant and cancer cases and both markers together were better predictors of lymph node metastasis than E-cadherin alone. These data support a metastasis suppressor role for EP300 in breast cancer. However, some reports suggest an oncogenic role for EP300. We generated a breast cancer cell model to study E-cadherin-independent effects of EP300 by over-expression of EP300 in HS578T cells which have E-cadherin promoter hypermethylated. In this cell system, EP300 led to up-regulation of mesenchymal (vimentin, Snail, Slug, Zeb1) and stemness (ALDH+ and CD44high/CD24low) markers, increases in migration, invasion, anchorage-independent growth and drug resistance. Genome-wide expression profiling identified aldo-keto reductases AKR1C1-3 as effectors of stemness and drug resistance, since their pharmacological inhibition with flufenamic acid restored both doxorubicin and paclitaxel sensitivity and diminished mammosphere formation. Thus, in cells with a permissive E-cadherin promoter, EP300 acts as a tumour/metastasis supressor by up-regulating E-cadherin expression, maintenance of the epithelial phenotype and avoidance of an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In cells in which the E-cadherin promoter is hypermethylated, EP300 functions as an oncogene via up-regulation of aldo-keto reductases. This offers the rationale of using current aldo-keto reductase inhibitors in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimam Mahmud
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Asaduzzaman
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Uttom Kumar
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Nahal Masrour
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Jugov
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - R Charles Coombes
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Shousha
- Centre for Pathology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Rd, London W6 8RF, United Kingdom
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Department of Breast Cancer, China Tianjin Breast Cancer Prevention, Treatment and Research Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Huan Hu Xi Road, Ti Yuan Bei, He xi District, Tianjin 300060, PR China
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Division of Cancer, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
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Chen CC, Chu CB, Liu KJ, Huang CYF, Chang JY, Pan WY, Chen HH, Cheng YH, Lee KD, Chen MF, Kuo CC, Chen LT. Gene expression profiling for analysis acquired oxaliplatin resistant factors in human gastric carcinoma TSGH-S3 cells: The role of IL-6 signaling and Nrf2/AKR1C axis identification. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:872-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Ghosal A, Yuan Y, Tong W, Su AD, Gu C, Chowdhury SK, Kishnani NS, Alton KB. Characterization of Human Liver Enzymes Involved in the Biotransformation of Boceprevir, a Hepatitis C Virus Protease Inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 39:510-21. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.110.036996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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