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Vázquez-Ucha JC, Rodríguez D, Lasarte-Monterrubio C, Lence E, Arca-Suarez J, Maneiro M, Gato E, Perez A, Martínez-Guitián M, Juan C, Oliver A, Bou G, González-Bello C, Beceiro A. 6-Halopyridylmethylidene Penicillin-Based Sulfones Efficiently Inactivate the Natural Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to β-Lactam Antibiotics. J Med Chem 2021; 64:6310-6328. [PMID: 33913328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major cause of nosocomial infections, is considered a paradigm of antimicrobial resistance, largely due to hyperproduction of chromosomal cephalosporinase AmpC. Here, we explore the ability of 6-pyridylmethylidene penicillin-based sulfones 1-3 to inactivate the AmpC β-lactamase and thus rescue the activity of the antipseudomonal ceftazidime. These compounds increased the susceptibility to ceftazidime in a collection of clinical isolates and PAO1 mutant strains with different ampC expression levels and also improved the inhibition kinetics relative to avibactam, displaying a slow deacylation rate and involving the formation of an indolizine adduct. Bromide 2 was the inhibitor with the lowest KI (15.6 nM) and the highest inhibitory efficiency (kinact/KI). Computational studies using diverse AmpC enzymes revealed that the aromatic moiety in 1-3 targets a tunnel-like site adjacent to the catalytic serine and induces the folding of the H10 helix, indicating the potential value of this not-always-evident pocket in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Vázquez-Ucha
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - Diana Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Cristina Lasarte-Monterrubio
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - Emilio Lence
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Jorge Arca-Suarez
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - María Maneiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Eva Gato
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - Astrid Perez
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Guitián
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - Carlos Juan
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdiSBA), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdiSBA), Carretera de Valldemossa, 79, Palma de Mallorca 07120, Spain
| | - German Bou
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
| | - Concepción González-Bello
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Alejandro Beceiro
- Servicio de Microbiología do Complejo Hospitalario Universitario da Coruña (CHUAC), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica da Coruña (CICA-INIBIC), Xubias de Arriba, 84, A Coruña 15006, Spain
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2
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Studies towards synthesis and Lewis acid catalysed functionalization of 3-(4′-substitutedphenylthio)-azetidin-2-ones. J CHEM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-020-01836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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van den Akker F, Bonomo RA. Exploring Additional Dimensions of Complexity in Inhibitor Design for Serine β-Lactamases: Mechanistic and Intra- and Inter-molecular Chemistry Approaches. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:622. [PMID: 29675000 PMCID: PMC5895744 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As a bacterial resistance strategy, serine β-lactamases have evolved from cell wall synthesizing enzymes known as penicillin-binding proteins (PBP), by not only covalently binding β-lactam antibiotics but, also acquiring mechanisms of deacylating these antibiotics. This critical deacylation step leads to release of hydrolyzed and inactivated β-lactams, thereby providing resistance for the bacteria against these antibiotics targeting the cell wall. To combat β-lactamase-mediated antibiotic resistance, numerous β-lactamase inhibitors were developed that utilize various strategies to inactivate the β-lactamase. Most of these compounds are “mechanism-based” inhibitors that in some manner mimic the β-lactam substrate, having a carbonyl moiety and a negatively charged carboxyl or sulfate group. These compounds form a covalent adduct with the catalytic serine via an initial acylation step. To increase the life-time of the inhibitory covalent adduct intermediates, a remarkable array of different strategies was employed to improve inhibition potency. Such approaches include post-acylation intra- and intermolecular chemical rearrangements as well as affecting the deacylation water. These approaches transform the inhibitor design process from a 3-dimensional problem (i.e., XYZ coordinates) to one with additional dimensions of complexity as the reaction coordinate and time spent at each chemical state need to be taken into consideration. This review highlights the mechanistic intricacies of the design efforts of the β-lactamase inhibitors which so far have resulted in the development of “two generations” and 5 clinically available inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Focco van den Akker
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Robert A Bonomo
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Medicine, Pharmacology, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Medical Service and Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Centers (GRECC), Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Case Western Reserve University-VA Medical Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology (Case VA CARES), Cleveland, OH, United States
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4
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Application of Nanoparticle Technology to Reduce the Anti-Microbial Resistance through β-Lactam Antibiotic-Polymer Inclusion Nano-Complex. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11010019. [PMID: 29439391 PMCID: PMC5874715 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible polymeric materials with potential to form functional structures in association with different therapeutic molecules have a high potential for biological, medical and pharmaceutical applications. Therefore, the capability of the inclusion of nano-Complex formed between the sodium salt of poly(maleic acid-alt-octadecene) and a β-lactam drug (ampicillin trihydrate) to avoid the chemical and enzymatic degradation and enhance the biological activity were evaluated. PAM-18Na was produced and characterized, as reported previously. The formation of polymeric hydrophobic aggregates in aqueous solution was determined, using pyrene as a fluorescent probe. Furthermore, the formation of polymer-drug nano-complexes was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry-DSC, viscometric, ultrafiltration/centrifugation assays, zeta potential and size measurements were determined by dynamic light scattering-DLS. The PAM-18Na capacity to avoid the chemical degradation was studied through stress stability tests. The enzymatic degradation was evaluated from a pure β-lactamase, while the biological degradation was determined by different β-lactamase producing Staphylococcus aureus strains. When ampicillin was associated with PAM-18Na, the half-life time in acidic conditions increased, whereas both the enzymatic degradation and the minimum inhibitory concentration decreased to a 90 and 75%, respectively. These results suggest a promissory capability of this polymer to protect the β-lactam drugs against chemical, enzymatic and biological degradation.
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5
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Search for non-lactam inhibitors of mtb β-lactamase led to its open shape in apo state: new concept for antibiotic design. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6204. [PMID: 28740144 PMCID: PMC5524718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mtb β-lactamase (BlaC) is extremely efficient in hydrolyzing ß-lactam antibiotics which renders/leads to protection and/or resistance to this bug. There is a compelling need to develop new non-lactam inhibitors which can bind and inhibit BlaC, but cannot be hydrolyzed, thus neutralizing this survival mechanism of Mtb. Using the crystal structure of BlaC we screened 750000 purchasable compounds from ZINC Database for their theoretical affinity to the enzyme’s active site. 32 of the best hits of the compounds having tetra-, tri- and thiadi-azole moiety were tested in vitro, and 4 efficiently inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant BlaC. Characterization of the shape of BlaC−/+ inhibitors by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) brought forth that BlaC adopts: (1) an open shape (radius of gyration of 2.3 nm compared to 1.9 nm of crystal structures) in solution; (2) closed shape similar to observed crystal structure(s) in presence of effective inhibitor; and (3) a closed shape which opens up when a hydrolysable inhibitor is present in solution. New BlaC inhibitors were: 1-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)-thiazol-2-ylamino)-2-(7,8,9-triaza-bicyclo[4.3.0]nona-1(6),2,4,8-tetraen-7-yl)-ethanone; 8-butyl-3-((5-(pyridin-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylamino)-formyl)-8-aza-bicyclo[4.3.0]nona-1(6),2,4-triene-7,9-dione; 1-(3-((5-(5-bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-methoxy)-phenyl)-1H-1,2,3,4-tetraazole; and 1-(2,3-dimethyl-phenylamino)-2-(2-(1-(2-methoxy-5-methyl-phenyl)-1H-1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetylamino)-ethanone. The open-close shape of BlaC questions the physiological significance of the closed shape known for BlaC−/+ inhibitors and paves new path for structure aided design of novel inhibitors.
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Schillaci D, Spanò V, Parrino B, Carbone A, Montalbano A, Barraja P, Diana P, Cirrincione G, Cascioferro S. Pharmaceutical Approaches to Target Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8268-8297. [PMID: 28594170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is urgent need for new therapeutic strategies to fight the global threat of antibiotic resistance. The focus of this Perspective is on chemical agents that target the most common mechanisms of antibiotic resistance such as enzymatic inactivation of antibiotics, changes in cell permeability, and induction/activation of efflux pumps. Here we assess the current landscape and challenges in the treatment of antibiotic resistance mechanisms at both bacterial cell and community levels. We also discuss the potential clinical application of chemical inhibitors of antibiotic resistance mechanisms as add-on treatments for serious drug-resistant infections. Enzymatic inhibitors, such as the derivatives of the β-lactamase inhibitor avibactam, are closer to the clinic than other molecules. For example, MK-7655, in combination with imipenem, is in clinical development for the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are difficult to treat. In addition, other molecules targeting multidrug-resistance mechanisms, such as efflux pumps, are under development and hold promise for the treatment of multidrug resistant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Schillaci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Carbone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Barraja
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Cirrincione
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Sezione di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo , Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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7
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Bhalla A, Modi G, Bari SS, Kumari A, Berry S, Hundal G. Stereoselective synthesis of novel C-3 functionalized 3-sulfonyl-β-lactams: Promising biologically active heterocyclic scaffolds. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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8
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King DT, Sobhanifar S, Strynadka NCJ. One ring to rule them all: Current trends in combating bacterial resistance to the β-lactams. Protein Sci 2016; 25:787-803. [PMID: 26813250 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
From humble beginnings of a contaminated petri dish, β-lactam antibiotics have distinguished themselves among some of the most powerful drugs in human history. The devastating effects of antibiotic resistance have nevertheless led to an "arms race" with disquieting prospects. The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria threatens an ever-dwindling antibiotic arsenal, calling for new discovery, rediscovery, and innovation in β-lactam research. Here the current state of β-lactam antibiotics from a structural perspective was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin T King
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Solmaz Sobhanifar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Natalie C J Strynadka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
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Che T, Rodkey E, Bethel CR, Shanmugam S, Ding Z, Pusztai-Carey M, Nottingham M, Chai W, Buynak JD, Bonomo RA, van den Akker F, Carey PR. Detecting a quasi-stable imine species on the reaction pathway of SHV-1 β-lactamase and 6β-(hydroxymethyl)penicillanic acid sulfone. Biochemistry 2015; 54:734-43. [PMID: 25536850 PMCID: PMC4310624 DOI: 10.1021/bi501197t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For the class A β-lactamase SHV-1, the kinetic and mechanistic properties of the clinically used inhibitor sulbactam are compared with the sulbactam analog substituted in its 6β position by a CH2OH group (6β-(hydroxymethyl)penicillanic acid). The 6β substitution improves both in vitro and microbiological inhibitory properties of sulbactam. Base hydrolysis of both compounds was studied by Raman and NMR spectroscopies and showed that lactam ring opening is followed by fragmentation of the dioxothiazolidine ring leading to formation of the iminium ion within 3 min. The iminium ion slowly loses a proton and converts to cis-enamine (which is a β-aminoacrylate) in 1 h for sulbactam and in 4 h for 6β-(hydroxymethyl) sulbactam. Rapid mix-rapid freeze Raman spectroscopy was used to follow the reactions between the two sulfones and SHV-1. Within 23 ms, a 10-fold excess of sulbactam was entirely hydrolyzed to give a cis-enamine product. In contrast, the 6β-(hydroxymethyl) sulbactam formed longer-lived acyl-enzyme intermediates that are a mixture of imine and enamines. Single crystal Raman studies, soaking in and washing out unreacted substrates, revealed stable populations of imine and trans-enamine acyl enzymes. The corresponding X-ray crystallographic data are consonant with the Raman data and also reveal the role played by the 6β-hydroxymethyl group in retarding hydrolysis of the acyl enzymes. The 6β-hydroxymethyl group sterically hinders approach of the water molecule as well as restraining the side chain of E166 that facilitates hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Che
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Elizabeth
A. Rodkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Christopher R. Bethel
- Research
Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans
Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Sivaprakash Shanmugam
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zhe Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Marianne Pusztai-Carey
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Michael Nottingham
- Department
of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - Weirui Chai
- Department
of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - John D. Buynak
- Department
of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Research
Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans
Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Focco van den Akker
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Paul R. Carey
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular
Biology and Microbiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of
Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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10
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Rodkey EA, Winkler ML, Bethel CR, Pagadala SRR, Buynak JD, Bonomo RA, van den Akker F. Penam sulfones and β-lactamase inhibition: SA2-13 and the importance of the C2 side chain length and composition. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85892. [PMID: 24454944 PMCID: PMC3894197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Lactamases are the major reason β-lactam resistance is seen in Gram-negative bacteria. To combat this resistance mechanism, β-lactamase inhibitors are currently being developed. Presently, there are only three that are in clinical use (clavulanate, sulbactam and tazobactam). In order to address this important medical need, we explored a new inhibition strategy that takes advantage of a long-lived inhibitory trans-enamine intermediate. SA2-13 was previously synthesized and shown to have a lower k(react) than tazobactam. We investigated here the importance of the carboxyl linker length and composition by synthesizing three analogs of SA2-13 (PSR-4-157, PSR-4-155, and PSR-3-226). All SA2-13 analogs yielded higher turnover numbers and k(react) compared to SA2-13. We next demonstrated using protein crystallography that increasing the linker length by one carbon allowed for better capture of a trans-enamine intermediate; in contrast, this trans-enamine intermediate did not occur when the C2 linker length was decreased by one carbon. If the linker was altered by both shortening it and changing the carboxyl moiety into a neutral amide moiety, the stable trans-enamine intermediate in wt SHV-1 did not form; this intermediate could only be observed when a deacylation deficient E166A variant was studied. We subsequently studied SA2-13 against a relatively recently discovered inhibitor-resistant (IR) variant of SHV-1, SHV K234R. Despite the alteration in the mechanism of resistance due to the K→R change in this variant, SA2-13 was effective at inhibiting this IR enzyme and formed a trans-enamine inhibitory intermediate similar to the intermediate seen in the wt SHV-1 structure. Taken together, our data reveals that the C2 side chain linker length and composition profoundly affect the formation of the trans-enamine intermediate of penam sulfones. We also show that the design of SA2-13 derivatives offers promise against IR SHV β-lactamases that possess the K234R substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Rodkey
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marisa L. Winkler
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Research Division, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Bethel
- Research Division, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - John D. Buynak
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Research Division, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RAB); (FVDA)
| | - Focco van den Akker
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RAB); (FVDA)
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11
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Drawz SM, Papp-Wallace KM, Bonomo RA. New β-lactamase inhibitors: a therapeutic renaissance in an MDR world. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 58:1835-46. [PMID: 24379206 PMCID: PMC4023773 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00826-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the incidence of Gram-negative bacterial infections for which few effective treatments remain increases, so does the contribution of drug-hydrolyzing β-lactamase enzymes to this serious clinical problem. This review highlights recent advances in β-lactamase inhibitors and focuses on agents with novel mechanisms of action against a wide range of enzymes. To this end, we review the β-lactamase inhibitors currently in clinical trials, select agents still in preclinical development, and older therapeutic approaches that are being revisited. Particular emphasis is placed on the activity of compounds at the forefront of the developmental pipeline, including the diazabicyclooctane inhibitors (avibactam and MK-7655) and the boronate RPX7009. With its novel reversible mechanism, avibactam stands to be the first new β-lactamase inhibitor brought into clinical use in the past 2 decades. Our discussion includes the importance of selecting the appropriate partner β-lactam and dosing regimens for these promising agents. This "renaissance" of β-lactamase inhibitors offers new hope in a world plagued by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Drawz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Bang CS, Kruse R, Demirel I, Onnberg A, Söderquist B, Persson K. Multiresistant uropathogenic extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli are susceptible to the carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2). Microb Pathog 2013; 66:29-35. [PMID: 24361394 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) releasing molecules (CO-RMs) have been shown to inhibit growth of commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli). In the present study we examined the effect of CORM-2 on uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) that produces extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Viability experiments showed that CORM-2 inhibited the growth of several different ESBL-producing UPEC isolates and that 500 μM CORM-2 had a bactericidal effect within 4 h. The bactericidal effect of CORM-2 was significantly more pronounced than the effect of the antibiotic nitrofurantoin. CORM-2 demonstrated a low level of cytotoxicity in eukaryotic cells (human bladder epithelial cell line 5637) at the concentrations and time-points where the antibacterial effect was obtained. Real-time RT-PCR studies of different virulence genes showed that the expression of capsule group II kpsMT II and serum resistance traT was reduced and that some genes encoding iron acquisition systems were altered by CORM-2. Our results demonstrate that CORM-2 has a fast bactericidal effect against multiresistant ESBL-producing UPEC isolates, and also identify some putative UPEC virulence factors as targets for CORM-2. CO-RMs may be candidate drugs for further studies in the field of finding new therapeutic approaches for treatment of uropathogenic ESBLproducing E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Sahlberg Bang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Robert Kruse
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Isak Demirel
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Anna Onnberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bo Söderquist
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Katarina Persson
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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Papp-Wallace KM, Mallo S, Bethel CR, Taracila MA, Hujer AM, Fernández A, Gatta JA, Smith KM, Xu Y, Page MGP, Desarbre E, Bou G, Bonomo RA. A kinetic analysis of the inhibition of FOX-4 β-lactamase, a plasmid-mediated AmpC cephalosporinase, by monocyclic β-lactams and carbapenems. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 69:682-90. [PMID: 24235094 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkt434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Class C β-lactamases are prevalent among Enterobacteriaceae; however, these enzymes are resistant to inactivation by commercially available β-lactamase inhibitors. In order to find novel scaffolds to inhibit class C β-lactamases, the comparative efficacy of monocyclic β-lactam antibiotics (aztreonam and the siderophore monosulfactam BAL30072), the bridged monobactam β-lactamase inhibitor BAL29880, and carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem, doripenem and ertapenem) were tested in kinetic assays against FOX-4, a plasmid-mediated class C β-lactamase (pmAmpC). METHODS The FOX-4 β-lactamase was purified. Steady-state kinetics, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and ultraviolet difference (UVD) spectroscopy were conducted using the β-lactam scaffolds described. RESULTS The K(i) values for the monocyclic β-lactams against FOX-4 β-lactamase were 0.04 ± 0.01 μM (aztreonam) and 0.66 ± 0.03 μM (BAL30072), and the Ki value for the bridged monobactam BAL29880 was 8.9 ± 0.5 μM. For carbapenems, the Ki values ranged from 0.27 ± 0.05 μM (ertapenem) to 2.3 ± 0.3 μM (imipenem). ESI-MS demonstrated the formation of stable covalent adducts when the monocyclic β-lactams and carbapenems were reacted with FOX-4 β-lactamase. UVD spectroscopy suggested the appearance of different chromophoric intermediates. CONCLUSIONS Monocyclic β-lactam and carbapenem antibiotics are effective mechanism-based inhibitors of FOX-4 β-lactamase, a clinically important pmAmpC, and provide stimulus for the development of new inhibitors to inactivate plasmidic and chromosomal class C β-lactamases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina M Papp-Wallace
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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