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Shi R, Gao S, Huang H, Jiang K, Wang D. Integrating network pharmacology with microRNA microarray analysis to identify the role of miRNAs in thrombosis treated by the Dahuang Zhechong pill. Comput Biol Med 2024; 173:108338. [PMID: 38531252 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombotic diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide, urging for improvements in treatment strategies. Dahuang Zhechong pill (DHZCP) is a traditional Chinese medicine widely used for treating thrombotic diseases; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of DHZCP in treating thrombosis with a focus on bioinformatics and miRNAs. METHODS We used network pharmacology to explore the targets of thrombosis treated with DHZCP and performed microarray analysis to acquire miRNA profiles and predict the target genes in thrombin-stimulated MEG-01 cells treated with DHZCP. Based on the overlapping of targets, we carried out a component-target-miRNA network and enrichment analysis and validated the selected miRNAs and mRNAs using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Our data showed 850 targets of 230 active ingredients of DHZCP and 1214 thrombosis-related genes; 235 targets were common. We identified 32 miRNAs that were regulated by thrombin stimulation but regulated reversely by DHZCP treatment in MEG-01 cells, and predicted 1846 targets with function annotation. We analyzed conjointly 23 integrating targets from network pharmacology and microarray. HIF1A, PIK3CA, MAPK1 and BCL2L1 emerged as key nodes in the network diagrams. We confirmed the differential expression of seven miRNAs, one mRNA (BCL2L1) and platelet surface protein. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that miRNAs and their targets, such as BCL2L1, played crucial roles in platelet activation during DHZCP intervention in thrombosis, highlighting their potential to alleviate platelet activation and increase cell apoptosis. The study's findings could help develop new strategies for improving thrombosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shan Gao
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Huichao Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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2
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Wang R, Wang C, Lu L, Yuan F, He F. Baicalin and baicalein in modulating tumor microenvironment for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review with future perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107032. [PMID: 38061594 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The burden of cancer incidence and mortality is increasing rapidly. New approaches to cancer prevention and treatment are urgently needed. Natural products are reliable and powerful sources for anticancer drug discovery. Baicalin and baicalein, two major flavones isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a multi-purpose traditional medicinal plant in China, exhibit anticancer activities against multiple cancers. Of note, these phytochemicals exhibit extremely low toxicity to normal cells. Besides their cytotoxic and cytostatic activities toward diverse tumor cells, recent studies demonstrated that baicalin and baicalein modulate a variety of tumor stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is essential for tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic potential and the mechanism of action of baicalin and baicalein in the regulation of tumor microenvironmental immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and ECM that reshape the TME and cancer signaling, leading to inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, progression, and metastasis. In addition, we discuss the biotransformation pathways of baicalin and baicalein, related therapeutic challenges and the future research directions to improve their bioavailability and clinical anticancer applications. Recent advances of baicalin and baicalein warrant their continued study as important natural ways for cancer interception and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolei Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lianheng Lu
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fuwen Yuan
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Feng He
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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3
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Najafi S, Asemani Y, Majidpoor J, Mahmoudi R, Aghaei-Zarch SM, Mortezaee K. Tumor-educated platelets. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117690. [PMID: 38056548 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Beyond traditional roles in homeostasis and coagulation, growing evidence suggests that platelets also reflect malignant transformation in cancer. Platelets are present in the tumor microenvironment where they interact with cancer cells. This interaction results in direct and indirect "education" as evident by platelet alterations in adhesion molecules, glycoproteins, nucleic acids, proteins and various receptors. Subsequently, these tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) circulate throughout the body and play pivotal roles in promotion of tumor growth and dissemination. Accordingly, platelet status can be considered a unique blood-based biomarker that can potentially predict prognosis and therapeutic success. Recently, liquid biopsies including TEPs have received much attention as safe, minimally invasive and sensitive alternatives for patient management. Herein, we provide an overview of TEPs and explore their benefits and limitations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Asemani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamal Majidpoor
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Reza Mahmoudi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Aghaei-Zarch
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keywan Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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4
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KUMARI RAGINI, KUMAR RAKESH, SINHA BEENA, SINHA REBEKA, GUPTA ISHWARDAYAL, VERMA ARCHANA. Novel polymorphisms of the KCNB1 gene and their association with production traits in Indian Sahiwal cattle. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v92i12.117454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis in cattle is a prevalent mammary gland disease that contributes significantly to the increase in veterinary expenditures in the dairy sector. KCNB1 (Potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily B member 1) gene is involved in regulating apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation, udder epithelial tissue maintenance and repair, mammary gland development and recommended as a candidate gene for production related traits in cattle. The purpose of this research was to detect the genetic variants of KCNB1 gene in Sahiwal cattle and to analyze the association between polymorphisms with milk production traits, udder traits, and teat traits in Sahiwal cattle. A total of 87 cattle were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms within the non-coding sequence of KCNB1 gene were identified (g.78216220G>A and g.78216335A>G). Analysis of productivity traits within the genotyped animals revealed that the SNP1-Msp1 locus (g.78216220G>A) located at intron 1 was associated with milk production traits, but the SNP2-BspHI locus (g.78216335A>G) had no association with milk production. Significant associations were also observed between SNP1-Msp1 and SNP2-BspHI loci with both udder and teat traits. Our results demonstrate that polymorphisms in the cattle KCNB1 gene were associated with milk production, udder and teat traits and might be utilized as a genetic marker for marker-assisted selection in cattle breeding programs.
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Farooqi AA, Kapanova G, Kalmakhanov S, Tanbayeva G, Zhakipbekov KS, Rakhmetova VS, Syzdykbayev MK. Regulation of Cell Signaling Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs by Baicalein in Different Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158377. [PMID: 35955525 PMCID: PMC9368823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Landmark discoveries in molecular oncology have provided a wide-angle overview of the heterogenous and therapeutically challenging nature of cancer. The power of modern ‘omics’ technologies has enabled researchers to deeply and comprehensively characterize molecular mechanisms underlying cellular functions. Interestingly, high-throughput technologies have opened new horizons for the design and scientific fool-proof evaluation of the pharmacological properties of targeted chemical compounds to tactfully control the activities of the oncogenic protein networks. Groundbreaking discoveries have galvanized the expansion of the repertoire of available pharmacopoeia to therapeutically target a myriad of deregulated oncogenic pathways. Natural product research has undergone substantial broadening, and many of the drugs which constitute the backbone of modern pharmaceuticals have been derived from the natural cornucopia. Baicalein has gradually gained attention because of its unique ability to target different oncogenic signal transduction cascades in various cancers. We have partitioned this review into different sub-sections to provide a broader snapshot of the oncogenic pathways regulated by baicalein. In this review, we summarize baicalein-mediated targeting of WNT/β-catenin, AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, MAPK, and NOTCH pathways. We also critically analyze how baicalein regulates non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) in different cancers. Finally, we conceptually interpret baicalein-mediated inhibition of primary and secondary growths in xenografted mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Gulnara Kapanova
- Scientific Center of Anti-Infectious Drugs, 75 al-Faraby Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan;
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (G.T.)
| | - Sundetgali Kalmakhanov
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (G.T.)
| | - Gulnur Tanbayeva
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71 al-Farabi Ave, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan; (S.K.); (G.T.)
| | - Kairat S. Zhakipbekov
- Department of Organization and Management and Economics of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University KazNMU, Tole Bi St. 94, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Venera S. Rakhmetova
- Department Internal Diseases, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Marat K. Syzdykbayev
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Narcology, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan;
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Fan T, Cheng Y, Wei W, Zeng Q, Guo X, Guo Z, Li Y, Zhao L, Shi Y, Zhang X, Jiang J, Wang Y, Kong W, Song D. Palmatine Derivatives as Potential Antiplatelet Aggregation Agents via Protein Kinase G/Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Phosphorylation. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7399-7413. [PMID: 35549263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Sixty palmatine (PMT) derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for antiplatelet aggregation taking berberine as the lead, and the structure-activity relationship was first systematically described. Among them, compound 2v showed the best potency in reducing adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. It greatly suppressed ADP-induced platelet aggregation, activation, and Akt phosphorylation in vitro and ex vivo after oral administration to mice. It also effectively inhibited carrageenan-induced thrombus formation in the mouse tail and lung, as well as reduced the serum P-selectin level. Compound 2v might simultaneously bind to protein kinase G to improve vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation and bind to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase to inhibit Akt phosphorylation, which synergically reduced platelet aggregation, thereby achieving antithrombotic efficacy. Therefore, PMT derivatives constituted a novel family of antiplatelet aggregation agents with the advantage of a good safety profile, worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyun Fan
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Qingxuan Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xixi Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhihao Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinghong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yulong Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xintong Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanxiang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weijia Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Danqing Song
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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7
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Shpakova V, Rukoyatkina N, Al Arawe N, Prilepskaya A, Kharazova A, Sharina I, Gambaryan S, Martin E. ML355 Modulates Platelet Activation and Prevents ABT-737 Induced Apoptosis in Platelets. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:164-175. [PMID: 35197320 PMCID: PMC9073945 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
12-lipoxigenase (12-LOX) is implicated in regulation of platelet activation processes and can be a new promising target for antiplatelet therapy. However, investigations of 12-LOX were restricted by the lack of specific and potent 12-LOX inhibitors and by controversial data concerning the role of 12-LOX metabolites in platelet functions. A novel specific 12-LOX inhibitor ML355 was shown to inhibit platelet aggregation without adverse side effects on hemostasis; however, the molecular mechanisms of its action on platelets are poorly understood. Here, we showed that ML355 inhibited platelet activation induced by thrombin or thromboxane A2, but not by collagen-related peptide. ML355 blocked protein kinase B, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, but not p38 kinase, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), or phospholipase Cγ2 phosphorylation in activated platelets. The main inhibitory effect of low doses of ML355 (1-20 μM) on thrombin activated platelets was mediated by the decrease in reactive oxygen species level, whereas high doses of ML355 (50 μM) caused cyclic adenosine monophosphate activation. ML355 did not affect the activity of nitric oxide-dependent soluble guanylyl cyclase, nor did it affect the relaxation of preconstricted aortic rings in mice. ML355 itself did not affect platelet viability, but at 50 μM dose blocked caspase-dependent apoptosis induced by B-cell lymphoma II inhibitor ABT-737. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The current paper provides novel and original data concerning molecular mechanisms of 12-LOX inhibitor ML355 action on platelets. These data reveal antiplatelet and protective effects of ML355 on platelets and may be of importance for both antiplatelet and anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Shpakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Nada Al Arawe
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Anna Prilepskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Alexandra Kharazova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Iraida Sharina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Emil Martin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
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8
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Mu T, Hu H, Ma Y, Wen H, Yang C, Feng X, Wen W, Zhang J, Gu Y. Identifying key genes in milk fat metabolism by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6836. [PMID: 35477736 PMCID: PMC9046402 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk fat is the most important and energy-rich substance in milk, and its content and composition are important reference elements in the evaluation of milk quality. However, the current identification of valuable candidate genes affecting milk fat is limited. IlluminaPE150 was used to sequence bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) with high and low milk fat rates (MFP), the weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) was used to analyze mRNA expression profile data in this study. As a result, a total of 10,310 genes were used to construct WGCNA, and the genes were classified into 18 modules. Among them, violet (r = 0.74), yellow (r = 0.75) and darkolivegreen (r = − 0.79) modules were significantly associated with MFP, and 39, 181, 75 hub genes were identified, respectively. Combining enrichment analysis and differential genes (DEs), we screened five key candidate DEs related to lipid metabolism, namely PI4K2A, SLC16A1, ATP8A2, VEGFD and ID1, respectively. Relative to the small intestine, liver, kidney, heart, ovary and uterus, the gene expression of PI4K2A is the highest in mammary gland, and is significantly enriched in GO terms and pathways related to milk fat metabolism, such as monocarboxylic acid transport, phospholipid transport, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, inositol phosphate metabolism and MAPK signaling pathway. This study uses WGCNA to form an overall view of MFP, providing a theoretical basis for identifying potential pathways and hub genes that may be involved in milk fat synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Mu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yanfen Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.,Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Huiyu Wen
- Maosheng Pasture of He Lanshan in Ningxia State Farm, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Chaoyun Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xiaofang Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Wan Wen
- Animal Husbandry Extension Station, Yinchuan, 750001, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Yaling Gu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
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9
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Hu Z, Guan Y, Hu W, Xu Z, Ishfaq M. An overview of pharmacological activities of baicalin and its aglycone baicalein: New insights into molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:14-26. [PMID: 35656442 PMCID: PMC9118284 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.60380.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The flavonoids, baicalin, and its aglycone baicalein possess multi-fold therapeutic properties and are mainly found in the roots of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. These flavonoids have been reported to possess various pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anticonvulsant, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects. The pharmacological properties of baicalin and baicalein are due to their abilities to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interaction with various signaling molecules associated with apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, cell cycle, mitochondrial dynamics, and cytoprotection. In this review, we summarized the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic applications of baicalin and baicalein in the treatment of cancer and inflammatory diseases. In addition, the preventive effects of baicalin and baicalein on mitochondrial dynamics and functions were highlighted with a particular emphasis on their anti-oxidative and cytoprotective properties. The current review highlights could be useful for future prospective studies to further improve the pharmacological applications of baicalein and baicalin. These studies should define the threshold for optimal drug exposure, dose optimization and focus on therapeutic drug monitoring, objective disease markers, and baicalin/baicalein drug levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Hu
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yurong Guan
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wanying Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Xu
- Hubei Zhiying Medical Imaging Center, Radiology Department of Huanggang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- College of Computer Science, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang 438000, China
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10
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Verma E, Kumar A, Devi Daimary U, Parama D, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Potential of baicalein in the prevention and treatment of cancer: A scientometric analyses based review. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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11
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Guo R, Zhao M, Liu H, Su R, Mao Q, Gong L, Cao X, Hao Y. Uncovering the pharmacological mechanisms of Xijiao Dihuang decoction combined with Yinqiao powder in treating influenza viral pneumonia by an integrative pharmacology strategy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111676. [PMID: 34126353 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Xijiao Dihuang decoction combined with Yinqiao powder (XDD-YQP) is a classical combination formula; however, its therapeutic effects in treating influenza viral pneumonia and the pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. The therapeutic effect of XDD-YQP in influenza viral pneumonia was evaluated in mice. Subsequently, an everted gut sac model coupled with UPLC/Q-TOF MS were used to screen and identify the active compounds of XDD-YQP. Furthermore, network pharmacological analysis was adopted to probe the mechanisms of the active compounds. Lastly, we verified the targets predicted from network pharmacological analysis by differential bioinformatics analysis. Animal experiments showed that XDD-YQP has a therapeutic effect on influenza viral pneumonia. Moreover, 113 active compounds were identified from intestinal absorbed solutions of XDD-YQP. Using network pharmacological analysis, 90 major targets were selected as critical in the treatment of influenza viral pneumonia through 12 relevant pathways. Importantly, the MAPK signaling pathway was found to be closely associated with the other 11 pathways. Moreover, seven key targets, EGFR, FOS, MAPK1, MAP2K1, HRAS, NRAS, and RELA, which are common targets in the MAPK signaling pathway, were investigated. These seven key targets were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between influenza virus-infected and uninfected individuals. Hence, the seven key targets in the MAPK signaling pathway may play a vital role in the treatment of influenza viral pneumonia with XDD-YQP. This research may offer an integrative pharmacology strategy to clarify the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicines. The results provide a theoretical basis for a broader clinical application of XDD-YQP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mengfan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rina Su
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Mao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Gong
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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12
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Zhang X, Ruan Q, Zhai Y, Lu D, Li C, Fu Y, Zheng Z, Song Y, Guo J. Baicalein inhibits non-small-cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis by reducing ezrin tension in inflammation microenvironment. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:3802-3812. [PMID: 32691974 PMCID: PMC7540981 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a flavonoid phytochemical, has been shown to be effective as an anti‐metastatic agent for various cancers, especially for non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying mechanism of how baicalein targets cellular processes during NSCLC cell invasion and metastasis remains elusive. In this study, we found that non‐cytotoxic concentrations of baicalein still retained anti‐dissemination activity both in vitro and in vivo. Using a genetic encoding tension probe based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory, baicalein was shown to significantly decrease ezrin tension by downregulating cellular ezrin S‐nitrosylation (SNO) levels in NSCLC cells in the inflammatory microenvironment. Decreased ezrin tension inhibited the formation of an aggressive phenotype of NSCLC cell and leader cell in collective migration, and subsequently suppressed NSCLC dissemination. Baicalein restrained SNO‐mediated ezrin tension by decreasing iNOS expression levels. Overall this study demonstrates the novel mechanism used by baicalein to suppress NSCLC invasion and metastasis from a mechanopharmacology perspective and illustrates a new direction for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinli Ruan
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqian Zhai
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Lu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yahan Fu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihui Zheng
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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13
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Bakhtiarizadeh MR, Mirzaei S, Norouzi M, Sheybani N, Vafaei Sadi MS. Identification of Gene Modules and Hub Genes Involved in Mastitis Development Using a Systems Biology Approach. Front Genet 2020; 11:722. [PMID: 32754201 PMCID: PMC7371005 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mastitis is defined as the inflammation of the mammary gland, which impact directly on the production performance and welfare of dairy cattle. Since, mastitis is a multifactorial complex disease and the molecular pathways underlying this disorder have not been clearly understood yet, a system biology approach was used in this study to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind mastitis. Methods Publicly available RNA-Seq data containing samples from milk of five infected and five healthy Holstein cows at five time points were retrieved. Gene Co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) approach and functional enrichment analysis were then applied with the aim to find the non-preserved module of genes that their connectivity were altered under infected condition. Hub genes were identified in the non-preserved modules and were subjected to protein-protein interactions (PPI) network construction. Results Among the 25 modules identified, eight modules were non-preserved and were also biologically associated with inflammation, immune response and mastitis development. Interestingly most of the hub genes in the eight modules were also densely connected in the PPI network. Of the hub genes, 250 genes were hubs in both co-expression and PPI networks and most of them were reported to play important roles in immune response or inflammatory pathways. The blue module was highly enriched in inflammatory responses and STAT1 was suggested to play an important role in mastitis development by regulating the immune related genes in this module. Moreover, a set of highly connected genes were identified such as BIRC3, PSMA6, FYN, F11R, NFKBIZ, NFKBIA, GRO1, PHB, CD3E, IL16, GSN, SOCS2, HCK, VAV1 and TLR6, which have been established to be critical for mastitis pathogenesis. Conclusion This study improved the understanding of the mechanisms underlying bovine mastitis and suggested eight non-preserved modules along with several most important genes with promising potential in etiology of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shabnam Mirzaei
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Norouzi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Sheybani
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Zhang H, Luan Y, Jing S, Wang Y, Gao Z, Yang P, Ding Y, Wang L, Wang D, Wang T. Baicalein mediates protection against Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia by inhibiting the coagulase activity of vWbp. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114024. [PMID: 32413427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) necessitate the research on therapeutic tactics which are different from classical antibiotics in overcoming resistance andtreatinginfections. In S. aureus, von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) is one of the key virulence determinants because it mediates not only the activation of thrombin to convert fibrinogen to fibrin, thereby enabling S. aureus to escape from the host immune clearance, but also the adhesion of S. aureus to host cells. Thus, vWbp is regarded as a promising druggable target to treat S. aureus-associated infections. Here we identify that baicalein, a natural compound isolated from the Chinese herb Scutellaria baicalensis, can effectively block the coagulase activity of vWbp without inhibiting the growth of the bacteria. Through thermal shift and fluorescence quenching assays, we demonstrated that baicalein directly binds to vWbp. Molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis assays revealed that the Asp-75 and Lys-80 residues are necessary for baicalein binding to vWbp. Importantly, we demonstrated that baicalein treatment attenuates the virulence of S. aureus and protects mice from S. aureus-induced lethal pneumonia. In addition, baicalein can improve the therapeutic effect of penicillin G by 75% in vivo. These findings indicate that baicalein might be developed as a promising therapeutic agent against drug-resistant S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yongxin Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shisong Jing
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Zeyuan Gao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Panpan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ying Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Dacheng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Tiedong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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15
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Dawn A, Deep S. Thinking beyond tradition: Polyphenols as effective refolding modulators. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:969-978. [PMID: 31945435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite polyphenols having had proven roles as amyloid alleviators their service has rarely been made use of in protein refolding/renaturation thus far, where aggregation can be a major competing pathway. TGFβ3, expressed in inclusion bodies, is a classical example of a protein prone to high rate of aggregation severely limiting its refolding yield owing to its large cysteine content and structural complexity. Here, we have used various polyphenols (EGCG, baicalein, myricetin) either alone or in combination with the pseudo-chaperone beta cyclodextrin, in the refolding buffer. With the help of non-reducing SDS PAGE and size exclusion chromatography, we showed that refolding in the presence of baicalein or EGCG along with βCD indeed increase the yield of the native protein in a time dependent manner. EGCG expedites the refolding process giving a maximum increase of the refolding yield within 24 h while baicalein takes as long as 48 h for the same. The mechanism of mode of actions of polyphenols during refolding was further delineated by ITC. The effect of polyphenols on the aggregation kinetics and stability of native TGFβ3 were also explored. Thus these small molecules provide a promising alternate route in increasing the yield of aggregation prone proteins during refolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Dawn
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashank Deep
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India.
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16
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Mo F, Ma J, Zhang P, Zhang D, Fan H, Yang X, Zhi L, Zhang J. Solubility and thermodynamic properties of baicalein in water and ethanol mixtures from 283.15 to 328.15 K. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1700116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Mo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Jia Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Zhi
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
| | - Jiye Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, P. R. China
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17
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Uncovering the pharmacological mechanism of Carthamus tinctorius L. on cardiovascular disease by a systems pharmacology approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109094. [PMID: 31203131 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carthamus tinctorius L. is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms supporting its clinical application still lags behind. In this study, a systems pharmacology approach integrating drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, target exploration, GO enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway performance and network construction was adopted to explore its therapeutic mechanism. A total of 21 active ingredients contained in Carthamus tinctorius L. and 113 major proteins were screened out as effective players in the treatment of cardiovascular disease through some related pathways. And the association among the active ingredients, major hubs and main pathways was investigated, implying the potential biological progression of Carthamus tinctorius L. acting on cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the majority of hubs and pathways were found to be highly related with platelet activation process. Core genes that can be regulated by Carthamus tinctorius L. in platelet activation pathway were PRKACA, PIK3R1, MAPK1, PPP1CC, PIK3CA and SYK, and they may play a central role in suppressing platelet aggregation. The systems pharmacology approach used in this study may provide a feasible tool to clarify the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and further develop their therapeutic potentials.
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18
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Li MY, Sun L, Niu XT, Chen XM, Tian JX, Kong YD, Wang GQ. Astaxanthin protects lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in Channa argus through inhibiting NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:280-286. [PMID: 30448447 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of astaxanthin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in Channa argus in vivo and ex vivo. Primary hepatocytes were exposed to different concentrations of LPS for 24 h to induce an inflammatory response, and the protective effects of astaxanthin against LPS-induced inflammation were studied ex vivo and in vivo. Hepatocytes exposed to LPS (5-20 μg mL-1) alone for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH), Nitric oxide (NO) production and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, 10 μg mL-1 LPS could induced inflammatory response in hepatocytes. Gene expression of TLR4, NFkBp65, MAPKp38, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expression were also enhanced ex vivo (p < 0.05). In vivo test demonstrated that pretreatment with astaxanthin prevented the LPS-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Besides, astaxanthin blocked the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and then suppressed the phosphorylation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and degradation inhibitor of NF-κBα (IκBα). Further study showed that astaxanthin could suppress the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway. In conclusion, our results suggest that astaxanthin played an anti-inflammatory role by regulating TLR4 and the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in C. argus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Li Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China; Changchun Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, 777 CaiYu Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Xin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi-Di Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agriculture University, 2888 Xincheng Road, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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19
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Shen DS, Yang YJ, Kong XJ, Ma N, Liu XW, Li SH, Jiao ZH, Qin Z, Huang MZ, Li JY. Aspirin eugenol ester inhibits agonist-induced platelet aggregation in vitro by regulating PI3K/Akt, MAPK and Sirt 1/CD40L pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 852:1-13. [PMID: 30797789 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) was a promising drug candidate for treating inflammation, pain and fever and preventing cardiovascular diseases with fewer side effects than its precursors. Previous researches indicated that AEE could markedly inhibit agonist-induced platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo, however, the anti-platelet aggregation mechanisms of AEE remain to be defined. Here, AEE in vitro effects on agonist-induced granule-secretion, intercellular Ca2+ mobilization and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) generation were examined. Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Akt, Sirt 1 and CD40L expressions were also studied. In agonist-activated platelets in vitro, AEE markedly attenuated granule secretion markers (P-selectin expression and ATP release), intercellular Ca2+ mobilization and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) formation. AEE also attenuated CD40L activation, suppressed extracellular-signal-regulated protein kinase 2 (ERK2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1) and Akt phosphorylation, and recovered Sirt1 expression, but the activation of p38, VASPSer157 and VASPSer239, and the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were not affected by AEE. Overall, this study demonstrates that AEE inhibits agonist-induced platelet aggregation in vitro by regulating PI3K/Akt, MAPK and Sirt 1/CD40L pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Shuai Shen
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ya-Jun Yang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Kong
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xi-Wang Liu
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Shi-Hong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zeng-Hua Jiao
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Zhe Qin
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Mei-Zhou Huang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province; Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture; Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of CAAS, No.335, jiangouyan, qilihe district, Lanzhou 730050, China.
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20
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Shen H, Liu Y, Zhang H, Ding P, Zhang L, Zhang L, Ju J. Enhancing the oral bioavailability of baicalein via Solutol ® HS15 and Poloxamer 188 mixed micelles system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 71:765-773. [PMID: 30549042 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To increase the solubility of baicalein (BAI) by preparing BAI-micelles (BAI-M) with Solutol HS15 (HS15) and Poloxamer 188 (F68), thereby improving its oral bioavailability. METHODS Baicalein micelles were prepared with HS15 and F68 by thin-film dispersion method and optimized by central composite design (CCD) approach. Physicochemical, in vitro release, Caco-2 cell transport and pharmacokinetic studies of BAI-M were performed. KEY FINDINGS The optimal formulation showed spherical shape by characterization of the transmission electron microscope with average small size (23.14 ± 1.46 nm) and high entrapment efficiency (92.78±0.98%) and drug loading (6.45±1.54%). The in vitro release study of BAI-M showed a significantly sustained release pattern compared with free BAI. Caco-2 cell transport study demonstrated that high permeability of BAI was achieved after loading it into micelles. Meanwhile, pharmacokinetics study of BAI-M showed a 3.02-fold increase in relative oral bioavailability compared with free BAI. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, we concluded that HS15 can be used as a carrier in this drug delivery system that includes F68, and BAI-M has great potential in improving solubility and oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxue Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Pinggang Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liefeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Moleculer and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianming Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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21
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Sun M, Liu C, Zhao N, Meng K, Zhang Z. Predictive value of platelet aggregation rate in postpartum deep venous thrombosis and its possible mechanism. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5215-5220. [PMID: 29904405 PMCID: PMC5996703 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the predictive value of the platelet aggregation rate in postpartum deep venous thrombosis and its possible mechanism. From January 2014 to January 2016, 23 patients with postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity treated in the Department of Obstetrics of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were as assigned as the observation group. At the same time, 25 cases with normal recovery were assigned as the control group. Blood samples were collected from all the subjects. The platelet aggregation rate was measured using a platelet aggregation apparatus. Plasma platelet activating factor (PAF) levels were measured by ELISA. The positive rate of platelet P-selectin (CD62p) and lysosomal membrane glycoprotein (CD63) was measured by flow cytometry. PI3K expression and AKt phosphorylation levels were measured by western blot analysis. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the value of the platelet aggregation rate in predicting postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. The correlation between the platelet aggregation rate and PAF and PI3K/AKt expression was also analyzed. The cesarean section rate, platelet 5-min maximum aggregation rate, PAF level and the positive rate of CD62p and CD63 were significantly higher in the control than those in the observation group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the platelet aggregation rate was positively correlated with the expression of PAF, CD62p and CD63 (r=0.389, 0.451, and 0.452; all P<0.05). The platelet 5-min maximum aggregation rate for predicting postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity was reflected by the area under the ROC curve (AUC=0.797, P=0.000). The PI3Kp110β/β-actin and p-AKt/AKt ratio was significantly higher in the observation compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the platelet aggregation rate was positively correlated with the expression of PI3K and phosphorylation level of AKt (r=0.441, 0.430; all P<0.05). The results suggested that platelet aggregation activity is elevated in postpartum deep vein thrombosis patients. It has a certain predictive value for the occurrence of postpartum deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. Thuss, the PI3K/AKt signaling pathway may be one of the mechanisms of platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Chongdong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Kaikai Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
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22
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Hu G, Hong D, Zhang T, Duan H, Wei P, Guo X, Mu X. Cynatratoside-C from Cynanchum atratum displays anti-inflammatory effect via suppressing TLR4 mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced mastitis in mice. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:187-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Wan CX, Xu M, Huang SH, Wu QQ, Yuan Y, Deng W, Tang QZ. Baicalein protects against endothelial cell injury by inhibiting the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3085-3091. [PMID: 29257294 PMCID: PMC5783530 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of vascular endothelial injury with the pathophysiological process of heart failure has been identified. Baicalein (BAI), a flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, is reported to exert antibacterial, antiviral, antithrombotic and antioxidant effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of BAI on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced vascular endothelial injury. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated by LPS (10 µM) in the presence or absence of BAI. The expressions of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‑lβ, IL‑6, tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 (MCP‑1) were analyzed by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. The results showed that BAI significantly inhibited the LPS‑induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in HUVECs. BAI suppressed the LPS‑induced upregulation of IL‑1β, IL‑6, TNF‑α and MCP‑1. Furthermore, BAI decreased the expression of B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X protein and cleaved caspase‑3; however, it increased the protein level of Bcl‑2. The inhibitory effect of BAI may occur through the suppression of the Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4)/phosphorylated (p)‑transforming growth factor β‑activated kinase 1/tumor necrosis factor receptor‑associated family member associated nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activator‑binding kinase 1 (p‑TBK1)/NF‑κB signaling pathway. An increase in the level of p‑TBK1 by MRT67307 abolished the effect of BAI on p‑p65. In conclusion, the results of the present research suggested that BAI ameliorated endothelial cell injury associated with TLR4/NF‑κB signaling, and highlighted the potential clinical use of BAI in blocking endothelial dysfunction and preventing heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xia Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Si-Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Platelet Integrins in Tumor Metastasis: Do They Represent a Therapeutic Target? Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9100133. [PMID: 28956830 PMCID: PMC5664072 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleated cell fragments that ensure the arrest of bleeding after a vessel wall injury. They are also involved in non-hemostatic function such as development, immunity, inflammation, and in the hematogeneous phase of metastasis. While the role of platelets in tumor metastasis has been recognized for 60 years, the molecular mechanism underlying this process remains largely unclear. Platelets physically and functionally interact with various tumor cells through surface receptors including integrins. Platelets express five integrins at their surface, namely α2β1, α5β1, α6β1, αvβ3, and αIIbβ3, which bind preferentially to collagen, fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin, and fibrinogen, respectively. The main role of platelet integrins is to ensure platelet adhesion and aggregation at sites of vascular injury. Two of these, α6β1 and αIIbβ3, were proposed to participate in platelet–tumor cell interaction and in tumor metastasis. It has also been reported that pharmacological agents targeting both integrins efficiently reduce experimental metastasis, suggesting that platelet integrins may represent new anti-metastatic targets. This review focuses on the role of platelet integrins in tumor metastasis and discusses whether these receptors may represent new potential targets for novel anti-metastatic approaches.
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Lin CS, Chen TH, Lin IH, Lee AR, Chou TC. The novel compound MP407 inhibits platelet aggregation through cyclic AMP-dependent processes. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:324-331. [PMID: 28939294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Platelet hyperactivity plays a critical role for initiating several vascular diseases such as atherothrombosis. Therefore, development of effective antiplatelet agents is necessary for ameliorating platelet-related diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of the new synthesized compound, MP407 on platelet aggregation and further elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that MP407 dose-dependently inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, thromboxane B2 (TXB2) production, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, platelet membrane GPIIb/IIIa expression, and the phosphorylation of Akt, GSK3β, p38MAPK, and phospho (Ser) PKC substrate (p47). Moreover, MP407 is able to increase the cyclic AMP formation both in resting and activated platelets. However, blocking cyclic AMP formation with 2'5'-ddAdo, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, greatly reversed the antiplatelet activity of MP407 and related platelet-activating pathways. MP407 also enhanced VASP phosphorylation at Ser157 in collagen-stimulated platelets, which was attenuated by addition of 2'5'-ddAdo. Therefore, the antiplatelet activity of MP407 may be modulated by cyclic AMP-dependent regulation of Akt, GSK3β, p38MAPK and VASP phosphorylation. Notably, treatment with MP407 markedly reduced the pulmonary thrombosis and the numbers of paralysis and death in mice induced by ADP injection, but did not affect the bleeding time. Taken together, MP407 may be a potential candidate or lead compound for developing novel antiplatelet or antithrombotic agents for platelet hyperactivity-triggered disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Shuen Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Hsiao Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsin Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - An-Rong Lee
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tz-Chong Chou
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Baicalein inhibits progression of osteosarcoma cells through inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:86098-86116. [PMID: 29156780 PMCID: PMC5689670 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a very common type of malignant bone tumor in children and young adults and aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been discovered in osteosarcoma. The traditional Chinese medicine baicalein was proved to have anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties in osteosarcoma, but the mechanism remained poorly understood. In the present study, we assessed the effects of baicalein on osteosarcoma and detected the potential molecular mechanism. We found that baicalein significantly suppressed the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In additional, baicalein could induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and reduce cell motility. Moreover, the level of β-catenin and its target genes, including c-myc, cyclinD1, and survivin significantly decreased in baicalein-treated osteosarcoma cells, whereas exogenous expression of β-catenin could reverse the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of baicalein. Subsequently, we established a 143B xenograft tumor model and found that baicalein treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth accompanied with inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus, these findings suggest that baicalein may be a potentially effective Chinese herbal medicine for therapeutics of osteosarcoma and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may serve as an efficient molecular marker or predictive target for osteosarcoma.
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Zhang Q, Liu H, Zhu Q, Zhan P, Zhu S, Zhang J, Lv T, Song Y. Patterns and functional implications of platelets upon tumor "education". Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 90:68-80. [PMID: 28754316 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
While platelets are traditionally recognized to play a predominant role in hemostasis and thrombosis, increasing evidence verifies its involvement in malignancies. As a component of the tumor microenvironment, platelets influence carcinogenesis, tumor metastasis and chemotherapy efficiency. Platelets status is thus predictable as a hematological biomarker of cancer prognosis and a hot target for therapeutic intervention. On the other hand, the role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as an inducer of platelet activation and aggregation has been well acknowledged. The cross-talk between platelets and CTCs is reciprocal on that the CTCs activate platelets while platelets contribute to CTCs' survival and dissemination. This review covers some of the current issues related to the loop between platelets and tumor aggression, including the manners of tumor cells in "educating" platelets and biofunctional alterations of platelets upon tumor "education". We also highlight the potential clinical applications on the interplay between tumors and platelets. Further studies with well-designed prospective multicenter trials may contribute to clinical "liquid biopsy" diagnosis by evaluating the global changes of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Hongda Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Suhua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jianya Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China.
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, China.
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Park JR, Lee MC, Moon SC, Kim J, Ha KT, Park EJ, Hong C, Seo BD, Kim BJ. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi induces caspase-dependent apoptosis via mitogen activated protein kinase activation and the generation of reactive oxygen species signaling pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627691 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi extract (SBGE) is used in traditional herbal medicine and has also been used clinically to ameliorate the symptoms of various inflammatory diseases and cancer. In women, breast cancer is one of the most common diseases and numerous women succumb to it. The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism responsible for the SBGE‑induced apoptosis of MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. SBGE was administered to cells at concentrations between 100 and 500 mg/ml, and cell viabilities were identified using an MTT assay. B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 X‑associated protein (Bax) family members were identified by western blotting, and the mRNA expression levels of the pro‑apoptosis genes Fas, Fas ligand (FasL) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α were assessed by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction. It was identified that SBGE treatment for 24 h inhibited MCF‑7 proliferation and increased the sub‑G1 phase ratio. SBGE suppressed mitochondrial membrane potentials and SBGE‑induced apoptotic cell death was identified to be associated with downregulation of Bcl‑2, but upregulation of Bax. SBGE‑activated caspases 3 and 9, and increased reactive oxygen species generation. However, SBGE had no effect on the expression levels of Fas, FasL or TNF‑α. Furthermore, mitogen‑activated protein kinase and C‑Jun N‑terminal kinase inhibitors inhibited SBGE‑induced cell death. These results suggested that SBGE be considered as an agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ryeong Park
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Cheol Lee
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Cheol Moon
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Park
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110‑799, Republic of Korea
| | - Chansik Hong
- Department of Physiology, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Do Seo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kyungwoon University College of Health, Gumi 730‑739, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Division of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Application of Soluplus to Improve the Flowability and Dissolution of Baicalein Phospholipid Complex. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050776. [PMID: 28492487 PMCID: PMC6153996 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel ternary complex system (TCS) composed of baicalein, phospholipids, and Soluplus was prepared to improve the flowability and dissolution for baicalein phospholipid complex (BPC). TCS was characterized using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The flowability, solubility, oil–water partition coefficient, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo pharmacokinetics of the system were also evaluated. DSC, IR, PXRD, and SEM data confirmed that the crystal form of baicalein disappeared in BPC and TCS. Furthermore, the angle of repose of TCS of 35° indicated an improvement in flowability, and solubility increased by approximately eight-fold in distilled water when TCS was compared with BPC (41.00 ± 4.89 μg/mL vs. 5.00 ± 0.16 μg/mL). Approximately 91.24% of TCS was released at the end of 60 min in 0.5% SDS (pH = 6.8), which suggested that TCS could improve the dissolution velocity and extent. Moreover, TCS exhibited a considerable enhancement in bioavailability with higher peak plasma concentration (25.55 μg/mL vs. 6.05 μg/mL) and increased AUC0–∞ (62.47 μg·h/mL vs. 50.48 μg·h/mL) with 123.75% relative bioavailability compared with BPC. Thus, Soluplus achieved the purpose of improving the flowability and solubility of baicalein phospholipid complexes. The application of Soluplus to phospholipid complexes has great potential.
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30
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Zhou RT, He M, Yu Z, Liang Y, Nie Y, Tai S, Teng CB. Baicalein inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion via suppression of NEDD9 expression and its downstream Akt and ERK signaling pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56351-56363. [PMID: 28915595 PMCID: PMC5593566 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, a flavone ingredient of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is a promising anti-cancer agent. However, its potential anti-pancreatic cancer effects and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we showed that Baicalein not only induced apoptosis, but also suppressed proliferation, migration and invasion of two pancreatic cancer cell lines BxPC-3 and PANC-1 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Notably, Baicalein exhibited low toxicity to normal human liver or kidney cells. We further discovered that Baicalein suppressed BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cell proliferation and invasion through targeting the expression of NEDD9, a Cas scaffolding protein, to decrease Akt and ERK activities. Especially, Baicalein decreased Akt phosphorylation at T-308 via lowering NEDD9-dependent PDK1 expression. Overexpression of NEDD9 effectively rescued proliferation and invasion of BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells dampened by Baicalein. Taken together, our findings suggest that Baicalein is a potent remedy applied to pancreatic cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Tao Zhou
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Mei He
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ze Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuzhe Nie
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Sheng Tai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chun-Bo Teng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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31
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Gong WY, Zhao ZX, Liu BJ, Lu LW, Dong JC. Exploring the chemopreventive properties and perspectives of baicalin and its aglycone baicalein in solid tumors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 126:844-852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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32
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Chen Y, Yang W, Guo L, Wu X, Zhang T, Liu J, Zhang J. Atractylodes lactone compounds inhibit platelet activation. Platelets 2016; 28:194-202. [PMID: 27560602 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1209477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platelets play a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis-thrombosis and, therefore, antiplatelet drugs are widely used in the treatment of coronary artery disease. Moreover, advances in understanding the biological functions of natural plant products can provide new pharmacological strategies aimed at promoting cardiovascular health. Atractylenolide I (ATL-1), ATL-2, and ATL-3 are the major bioactive components of a Qi tonifying medicinal herb Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Atractylodes macrocephala), which is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). These components possess well-documented anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, but their effects on platelet activation are still unknown. In this study, the effects of ATL on platelet function in vitro and in vivo were investigated, and the underlying mechanism was explored. We found that ATL-2 and ATL-3 but not ATL-1 diminished agonist-induced platelet aggregation and diminished adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release from dense granules. The levels of phospho-Akt (Ser473) and phospho-p38 MAPK were downregulated in the presence of ATL-2 and ATL-3. We also found that ATL-2 and ATL-3 have a similar inhibitory effect on platelet activation as acetylsalicylic acid in response to agonists. Furthermore, ATL-2 and ATL-3 diminished the spreading of human platelets on immobilized fibrinogen (Fg), delayed clot retraction in platelet-depleted plasma containing human platelets, extended first occlusion time in a mouse model of ferric chloride (FeCl3)-induced carotid arterial thrombosis, and prolonged the bleeding time. These observations suggest that ATL-2 and ATL-3 are potential candidate therapeutic drugs for the prevention of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhu Chen
- a Department of Cardiology , No. 9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- a Department of Cardiology , No. 9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Lingyu Guo
- a Department of Cardiology , No. 9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- a Department of Cardiology , No. 9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Junling Liu
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- a Department of Cardiology , No. 9 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
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Liu X, Liu S, Chen J, He L, Meng X, Liu S. Baicalein suppresses the proliferation of acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Ann Hematol 2016; 95:1787-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2766-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Koosha S, Alshawsh MA, Looi CY, Seyedan A, Mohamed Z. An Association Map on the Effect of Flavonoids on the Signaling Pathways in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Med Sci 2016; 13:374-85. [PMID: 27226778 PMCID: PMC4879672 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.14485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer in the world, causing thousands of deaths annually. Although chemotherapy is known to be an effective treatment to combat colon cancer, it produces severe side effects. Natural products, on the other hand, appear to generate fewer side effects than do chemotherapeutic drugs. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds found in various fruits and vegetables known to possess antioxidant activities, and the literature shows that several of these flavonoids have anti-CRC propertiesFlavonoids are classified into five main subclasses: flavonols, flavanones, flavones, flavan-3-ols, and flavanonols. Of these subclasses, the flavanonols have a minimum effect against CRC, whereas the flavones play an important role. The main targets for the inhibitory effect of flavonoids on CRC signaling pathways are caspase; nuclear factor kappa B; mitogen-activated protein kinase/p38; matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9; p53; β-catenin; cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 and CDK4; and cyclins A, B, D, and E. In this review article, we summarize the in vitro and in vivo studies that have been performed since 2000 on the anti-CRC properties of flavonoids. We also describe the signaling pathways affected by flavonoids that have been found to be involved in CRC. Some flavonoids have the potential to be an effective alternative to chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of colon cancer; well-controlled clinical studies should, however, be conducted to support this proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed A. Alshawsh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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35
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Hong Q, Ma ZC, Huang H, Wang YG, Tan HL, Xiao CR, Liang QD, Zhang HT, Gao Y. Antithrombotic activities of ferulic acid via intracellular cyclic nucleotide signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 777:1-8. [PMID: 26948317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) produces protective effects against cardiovascular dysfunctions. However, the mechanisms of FA is still not known. Here we examined the antithrombotic effects of FA and its potential mechanisms. Anticoagulation assays and platelet aggregation was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Thromboxane B2 (TXB2), cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) was determined using enzyme immunoassay kits. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured using the Griess reaction. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting analysis. Oral administration of FA prevented death caused by pulmonary thrombosis and prolonged the tail bleeding and clotting time in mice,while, it did not alter the coagulation parameters, including the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). In addition, FA (50-200 µM) dose-dependently inhibited platelet aggregation induced by various platelet agonists, including adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin, collagen, arachidonic acid (AA), and U46619. Further, FA attenuated intracellular Ca(2)(+) mobilization and TXB2 production induced by the platelet agonists. FA increased the levels of cAMP and cGMP and phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) while decreased phospho-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) in washed rat platelets, VASP is a substrate of cyclic nucleotide and PDE is an enzyme family responsible for hydrolysis of cAMP/cGMP. These results suggest that antithrombotic activities of FA may be regulated by inhibition of platelet aggregation, rather than through inhibiting the release of thromboplastin or formation of thrombin. The mechanism of this action may involve activation of cAMP and cGMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China; No. 97 Hospital of CPLA, 226 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221000, PR China
| | - Zeng-Chun Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Hao Huang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Yu-Guang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Hong-Ling Tan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Cheng-Rong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Qian-De Liang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China
| | - Han-Ting Zhang
- Departments of Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry and Physiology & Pharmacology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Yue Gao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing 100850, PR China.
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Guo SW, Du Y, Liu X. Endometriosis-Derived Stromal Cells Secrete Thrombin and Thromboxane A2, Inducing Platelet Activation. Reprod Sci 2016; 23:1044-52. [PMID: 26902428 DOI: 10.1177/1933719116630428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Platelets have been recently revealed to play important roles in the development of endometriosis. However, it is unclear whether endometriotic lesions can secrete any platelet inducers outside the menstruation window. Hence, this study was undertaken to see whether endometriosis-derived stromal cells secrete platelet activators and cause platelet activation. We employed in vitro experimentation using primary ectopic endometrial stromal cells (EESCs) and platelets from healthy male volunteers and evaluated the extent of platelet aggregation by aggregometer and the platelet activation rate by flow cytometry using supernatants harvested from EESCs of different cell densities. We also measured the concentration of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), a metabolite of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), and thrombin activity in supernatants harvested from EESCs of different densities and evaluated the extent of platelet aggregation after treatment of EESCs with hirudin, Ozagrel, and apyrase. Finally, the concentration of TXB2, thrombin, and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in platelets cocultured with different densities of EESCs is measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that EESCs secrete thrombin and TXA2 and induce platelet activation and aggregation in a density-dependent fashion. Treatment of platelets with EESCs resulted in increased concentration of TXB2, thrombin, and TGF-β1 in a density-dependent manner. Treatment of EESCs with hirudin and Ozagrel, but not apyrase, resulted in significant suppression of platelet aggregation. Thus, given recently reported effects of activated platelets on the cell behaviors of EESCs and endometriotic lesions in general, our findings establish that endometriotic lesions and platelets engage active cross-talks in the development of endometriosis, highlighting the importance of lesion microenvironment in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Wei Guo
- Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanbo Du
- Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xishi Liu
- Shanghai Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
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Tian X, Chang L, Ma G, Wang T, Lv M, Wang Z, Chen L, Wang Y, Gao X, Zhu Y. Delineation of Platelet Activation Pathway of Scutellarein Revealed Its Intracellular Target as Protein Kinase C. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 39:181-91. [PMID: 26581323 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Erigeron breviscapus has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its total flavonoid component is commonly used to treat ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes and hypertension. Scutellarin is the major ingredient of E. breviscapus and scutellarein is one of the main bioactive metabolites of scutellarin in vivo, but the latter's pharmacological activities have not been fully characterized. Provided evidence that could inhibit platelet aggregation, the effect of scutellarein on rat washed platelets and its underlying mechanisms were evaluated in our research. Scutellarein inhibited platelet adhesion and aggregation induced by multiple G protein coupled receptor agonists such as thrombin, U46619 and ADP, in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the mild effect of scutellarein on intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and cyclic AMP (cAMP) level was observed. On the other hand, the role of scutellarein as potential protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor was confirmed by PKC activity analysis and molecular docking. The phorbol myristate acetate-induced platelets aggregation assay with or without ADP implied that the scutellarein takes PKC(s) as its primary target(s), and acts on it in a reversible way. Finally, scutellarein as a promising agent exhibited a high inhibition effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation among its analogues. This study clarifies the PKC-related signaling pathway involved in antiplatelet action of scutellarein, and may be beneficial for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Tian
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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38
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Lu Y, Li Q, Liu YY, Sun K, Fan JY, Wang CS, Han JY. Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid on ADP-induced thrombus formation and platelet activation involves mitogen-activated protein kinases. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13824. [PMID: 26345207 PMCID: PMC4561902 DOI: 10.1038/srep13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid (CA), one of the active constituents of Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, few studies have assessed the ability of CA to inhibit platelet mediated thrombus generation in vivo. In this study, we investigated the antithrombotic effect of CA in mouse cerebral arterioles and venules using intravital microscopy. The antiplatelet activity of CA in ADP stimulated mouse platelets in vitro was also examined in attempt to explore the underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrated that CA (1.25–5 mg/kg) significantly inhibited thrombus formation in vivo. In vitro, CA (25–100 μM) inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation, P-selectin expression, ATP release, Ca2+ mobilization, and integrin αIIbβ3 activation. Additionally, CA attenuated p38, ERK, and JNK activation, and enhanced cAMP levels. Taken together, these data provide evidence for the inhibition of CA on platelet-mediated thrombosis in vivo, which is, at least partly, mediated by interference in phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK leading to elevation of cAMP and down-regulation of P-selectin expression and αIIbβ3 activation. These results suggest that CA may have potential for the treatment of aberrant platelet activation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Department of gynaecology, Beijing Royal Integrative Medicine Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan-She Wang
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China
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39
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He X, Wei Z, Zhou E, Chen L, Kou J, Wang J, Yang Z. Baicalein attenuates inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4 mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced mastitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26202808 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Baicalein is a phenolic flavonoid presented in the dry roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. It has been reported that baicalein possesses a number of biological properties, such as antiviral, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and anticancer properties. However, the effect of baicalein on mastitis has not yet been reported. This research aims to detect the effect of baicalein on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis in mice and to investigate the molecular mechanisms. Baicalein was administered intraperitoneally 1h before and 12h after LPS treatment. The results indicated that baicalein treatment markedly attenuated the damage of the mammary gland induced by LPS, suppressed the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β) in mice with LPS-induced mastitis. Besides, baicalein blocked the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and then suppressed the phosphorylation of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB (NF-κB) p65 and degradation inhibitor of NF-κBα (IκBα) and, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway. These findings suggested that baicalein may have a potential prospect against mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexiu He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ershun Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Libin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Kou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China.
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Baicalein inhibits MMP-2 expression in human ovarian cancer cells by suppressing the p38 MAPK-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 26:649-56. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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41
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Xin Z, Jiang S, Jiang P, Yan X, Fan C, Di S, Wu G, Yang Y, Reiter RJ, Ji G. Melatonin as a treatment for gastrointestinal cancer: a review. J Pineal Res 2015; 58:375-87. [PMID: 25752643 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is a disease that affects the population worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. Melatonin, an endogenously produced molecule, may provide a defense against a variety of cancer types. In particular, the ability of melatonin to inhibit gastrointestinal cancer is substantial. In this review, we first clarify the relationship between the disruption of the melatonin rhythm and gastrointestinal cancer (based on epidemiologic surveys and animal and human studies) and summarize the preventive effect of melatonin on carcinogenesis. Thereafter, the mechanisms through which melatonin exerts its anti-gastrointestinal cancer actions are explained, including inhibition of proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis, and promotion of apoptosis and cancer immunity. Moreover, we discuss the drug synergy effects and the role of melatonin receptors involved in the growth-inhibitory effects on gastrointestinal cancer. Taken together, the information compiled here serves as a comprehensive reference for the anti-gastrointestinal cancer actions of melatonin that have been identified to date and will hopefully aid in the design of further experimental and clinical studies and increase the awareness of melatonin as a therapeutic agent in cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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SEMA6D Expression and Patient Survival in Breast Invasive Carcinoma. Int J Breast Cancer 2015; 2015:539721. [PMID: 25973277 PMCID: PMC4417987 DOI: 10.1155/2015/539721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer diagnosed in American women and is also the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Research has focused heavily on BC metastasis. Multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in regulating BC metastasis. Our knowledge of regulation of BC metastasis is, however, far from complete. Identification of new factors during metastasis is an essential step towards future therapy. Our labs have focused on Semaphorin 6D (SEMA6D), which was implicated in immune responses, heart development, and neurogenesis. It will be interesting to know SEMA6D-related genomic expression profile and its implications in clinical outcome. In this study, we examined the public datasets of breast invasive carcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We analyzed the expression of SEMA6D along with its related genes, their functions, pathways, and potential as copredictors for BC patients' survival. We found 6-gene expression profile that can be used as such predictors. Our study provides evidences for the first time that breast invasive carcinoma may contain a subtype based on SEMA6D expression. The expression of SEMA6D gene may play an important role in promoting patient survival, especially among triple negative breast cancer patients.
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