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Guo Z, Huang J, Huo X, Huang C, Yu X, Sun Y, Li Y, He T, Guo H, Yang J, Xue L. Targeting LTA4H facilitates the reshaping of the immune microenvironment mediated by CCL5 and sensitizes ovarian cancer to Cisplatin. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1226-1241. [PMID: 38300441 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal and aggressive gynecological cancer with a high recurrence rate and is often diagnosed late. In ovarian cancer, multiple metabolic enzymes of lipid metabolism are abnormally expressed, resulting in metabolism disorder. As a characteristic pathway in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism, arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism is disturbed in ovarian cancer. Therefore, we established a 10-gene signature model to evaluate the prognostic risk of PUFA-related genes. This 10-gene signature has strong robustness and can play a stable predictive role in datasets of various platforms (TCGA, ICGC, and GSE17260). The high association between the risk subgroups and clinical characteristics indicated a good performance of the model. Our data further indicated that the high expression of LTA4H was positively correlated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. Deficiency of LTA4H enhanced sensitivity to Cisplatin and modified the characteristics of immune cell infiltration in ovarian cancer. Additionally, our results indicate that CCL5 was involved in the aberrant metabolism of the AA/LTA4H axis, which contributes to the reduction of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and immune escape in ovarian cancer. These findings provide new insights into the prognosis and potential target of LTA4H/CCL5 in treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Guo
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Huo
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaotong Yu
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianhui He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jianling Yang
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Cancer Center of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Morito K, Ali H, Kishino S, Tanaka T. Fatty Acid Metabolism in Peroxisomes and Related Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38811487 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2024_802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
One of the functions of peroxisomes is the oxidation of fatty acids (FAs). The importance of this function in our lives is evidenced by the presence of peroxisomal disorders caused by the genetic deletion of proteins involved in these processes. Unlike mitochondrial oxidation, peroxisomal oxidation is not directly linked to ATP production. What is the role of FA oxidation in peroxisomes? Recent studies have revealed that peroxisomes supply the building blocks for lipid synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum and facilitate intracellular carbon recycling for membrane quality control. Accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), which are peroxisomal substrates, is a diagnostic marker in many types of peroxisomal disorders. However, the relationship between VLCFA accumulation and various symptoms of these disorders remains unclear. Recently, we developed a method for solubilizing VLCFAs in aqueous media and found that VLCFA toxicity could be mitigated by oleic acid replenishment. In this chapter, we present the physiological role of peroxisomal FA oxidation and the knowledge obtained from VLCFA-accumulating peroxisome-deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Morito
- Laboratory of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hanif Ali
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Tamotsu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
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El-Ghiaty MA, Alqahtani MA, El-Mahrouk SR, Isse FA, Alammari AH, El-Kadi AOS. Alteration of Hepatic Cytochrome P450 Expression and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism by Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) in C57BL/6 Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04225-1. [PMID: 38758479 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The success of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in acute promyelocytic leukemia has driven a plethora studies to investigate its efficacy in other malignancies. However, the inherent toxicity of ATO limits the expansion of its clinical applications. Such toxicity may be linked to ATO-induced metabolic derangements of endogenous substrates. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ATO on the hepatic formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), as well as their most notable producing machinery, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. For this purpose, C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 8 mg/kg ATO for 6 and 24 h. Total RNA was extracted from harvested liver tissues for qPCR analysis of target genes. Hepatic microsomal proteins underwent incubation with AA, followed by identification/quantification of the produced HETEs. ATO downregulated Cyp2e1, while induced Cyp2j9 and most of Cyp4a and Cyp4f, and this has resulted in a significant increase in 17(S)-HETE and 18(R)-HETE, while significantly decreased 18(S)-HETE. Additionally, ATO induced Cyp4a10, Cyp4a14, Cyp4f13, Cyp4f16, and Cyp4f18, resulting in a significant elevation in 20-HETE formation. In conclusion, ATO altered hepatic AA metabolites formation through modulating the underlying network of CYP enzymes. Modifying the homeostatic production of bioactive AA metabolites, such as HETEs, may entail toxic events that can, at least partly, explain ATO-induced hepatotoxicity. Such modification can also compromise the overall body tolerability to ATO treatment in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A El-Ghiaty
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mohammed A Alqahtani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sara R El-Mahrouk
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Fadumo A Isse
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ahmad H Alammari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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4
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Shao J, Lai C, Zheng Q, Luo Y, Li C, Zhang B, Sun Y, Liu S, Shi Y, Li J, Zhao Z, Guo L. Effects of dietary arsenic exposure on liver metabolism in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116147. [PMID: 38460405 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, a ubiquitous environmental toxicant with various forms and complex food matrix interactions, can reportedly exert differential effects on the liver compared to drinking water exposure. To examine its specific liver-related harms, we targeted the liver in C57BL/6 J mice (n=48, 8-week-old) fed with arsenic-contaminated food (30 mg/kg) for 60 days, mimicking the rice arsenic composition observed in real-world scenarios (iAsV: 7.3%, iAsIII: 72.7%, MMA: 1.0%, DMA: 19.0%). We then comprehensively evaluated liver histopathology, metabolic changes, and the potential role of the gut-liver axis using human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and microbiota/metabolite analyses. Rice arsenic exposure significantly altered hepatic lipid (fatty acids, glycerol lipids, phospholipids, sphingolipids) and metabolite (glutathione, thioneine, spermidine, inosine, indole-derivatives, etc.) profiles, disrupting 33 metabolic pathways (bile secretion, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, ferroptosis, etc.). Pathological examination revealed liver cell necrosis/apoptosis, further confirmed by ferroptosis induction in HepG2 cells. Gut microbiome analysis showed enrichment of pathogenic bacteria linked to liver diseases and depletion of beneficial strains. Fecal primary and secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, and branched-chain amino acids were also elevated. Importantly, mediation analysis revealed significant correlations between gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and liver metabolic alterations, suggesting fecal metabolites may mediate the impact of gut microbiota and liver metabolic disorders. Gut microbiota and its metabolites may play significant roles in arsenic-induced gut-liver injuries. Overall, our findings demonstrate that rice arsenic exposure triggers oxidative stress, disrupts liver metabolism, and induces ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Shao
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chengze Lai
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qiuyi Zheng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Guangzhou Liwan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510176, China
| | - Chengji Li
- Yunfu Disease Control and Prevention Center, Guangdong Province 527300, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Shizhen Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zuguo Zhao
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.
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5
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Li XJ, Suo P, Wang YN, Zou L, Nie XL, Zhao YY, Miao H. Arachidonic acid metabolism as a therapeutic target in AKI-to-CKD transition. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1365802. [PMID: 38523633 PMCID: PMC10957658 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1365802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) is a main component of cell membrane lipids. AA is mainly metabolized by three enzymes: cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX) and cytochrome P450 (CYP450). Esterified AA is hydrolysed by phospholipase A2 into a free form that is further metabolized by COX, LOX and CYP450 to a wide range of bioactive mediators, including prostaglandins, lipoxins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Increased mitochondrial oxidative stress is considered to be a central mechanism in the pathophysiology of the kidney. Along with increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and tissue fibrosis drive the progressive loss of kidney function, affecting the glomerular filtration barrier and the tubulointerstitium. Recent studies have shown that AA and its active derivative eicosanoids play important roles in the regulation of physiological kidney function and the pathogenesis of kidney disease. These factors are potentially novel biomarkers, especially in the context of their involvement in inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. In this review, we introduce the three main metabolic pathways of AA and discuss the molecular mechanisms by which these pathways affect the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This review may provide new therapeutic targets for the identification of AKI to CKD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Suo
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan-Ni Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Shen Q, Liu YJ, Qiu TT, Loon K S, Zhou D. Microplastic-induced NAFLD: Hepatoprotective effects of nanosized selenium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:115850. [PMID: 38290310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Polystyrene microplastics (MPs) are persistent environmental pollutants commonly encountered in daily human life. Numerous studies have demonstrated their ability to induce liver damage, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation. However, limited information exists regarding preventive measures against this issue. In our study, we investigated the potential preventive role of selenium nanoparticles (YC-3-SeNPs) derived from Yak-derived Bacillus cereus, a novel nanobiomaterial known for its antioxidant properties and lipid metabolism regulation. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we identified key genes and metabolites associated with oxidative stress and lipid metabolism imbalance induced by MPs. Upregulated genes (Scd1, Fasn, Irs2, and Lpin) and elevated levels of arachidonic and palmitic acid accumulation were observed in MP-exposed mice, but not in those exposed to SeNPs. Further experiments confirmed that SeNPs significantly attenuated liver lipid accumulation and degeneration caused by MPs. Histological results and pathway screening validated our findings, revealing that MPs suppressed the Pparα pathway and Nrf2 pathway, whereas SeNPs activated both pathways. These findings suggest that MPs may contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while SeNPs hold promise as a future nanobio-product for its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shen
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yun Jie Liu
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Tian Tian Qiu
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - San Loon K
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - DongHai Zhou
- Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China.
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7
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Toporkova YY, Smirnova EO, Gorina SS. Epoxyalcohol Synthase Branch of Lipoxygenase Cascade. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:821-841. [PMID: 38248355 PMCID: PMC10813956 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins are one of the most important classes of bioregulators, biosynthesized through the oxidative metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in various aerobic organisms. Oxylipins are bioregulators that maintain homeostasis at the cellular and organismal levels. The most important oxylipins are mammalian eicosanoids and plant octadecanoids. In plants, the main source of oxylipins is the lipoxygenase cascade, the key enzymes of which are nonclassical cytochromes P450 of the CYP74 family, namely allene oxide synthases (AOSs), hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs), and divinyl ether synthases (DESs). The most well-studied plant oxylipins are jasmonates (AOS products) and traumatin and green leaf volatiles (HPL products), whereas other oxylipins remain outside of the focus of researchers' attention. Among them, there is a large group of epoxy hydroxy fatty acids (epoxyalcohols), whose biosynthesis has remained unclear for a long time. In 2008, the first epoxyalcohol synthase of lancelet Branchiostoma floridae, BfEAS (CYP440A1), was discovered. The present review collects data on EASs discovered after BfEAS and enzymes exhibiting EAS activity along with other catalytic activities. This review also presents the results of a study on the evolutionary processes possibly occurring within the P450 superfamily as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Y. Toporkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, 420111 Kazan, Russia; (E.O.S.); (S.S.G.)
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8
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Kaffe E, Tisi A, Magkrioti C, Aidinis V, Mehal WZ, Flavell RA, Maccarrone M. Bioactive signalling lipids as drivers of chronic liver diseases. J Hepatol 2024; 80:140-154. [PMID: 37741346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are important in multiple cellular functions, with most having structural or energy storage roles. However, a small fraction of lipids exert bioactive roles through binding to G protein-coupled receptors and induce a plethora of processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, growth, migration, apoptosis, senescence and survival. Bioactive signalling lipids are potent modulators of metabolism and energy homeostasis, inflammation, tissue repair and malignant transformation. All these events are involved in the initiation and progression of chronic liver diseases. In this review, we focus specifically on the roles of bioactive lipids derived from phospholipids (lyso-phospholipids) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (eicosanoids, pro-resolving lipid mediators and endocannabinoids) in prevalent chronic liver diseases (alcohol-associated liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma). We discuss the balance between pathogenic and beneficial bioactive lipids as well as potential therapeutic targets related to the agonism or antagonism of their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanna Kaffe
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Annamaria Tisi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672, Athens, Greece
| | - Wajahat Z Mehal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy; Laboratory of Lipid Neurochemistry, European Center for Brain Research (CERC), Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00143 Rome, Italy.
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Huang Y, Dong S, Li X, Shi J, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhang Y, Yu J. VNS-mediated α7nAChR signaling promotes SPM synthesis via regulation of netrin-1 expression during LPS-induced ALI. FASEB J 2024; 38:e9664. [PMID: 38038805 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301623r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) plays a crucial role in the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) during sepsis-associated acute lung injury (ALI). Increasing evidence suggests that specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are important in resolving α7nAChR-mediated ALI resolution. Our study aims to elucidate the pivotal role of α7nAChR in the CAP during LPS-associated acute lung injury (ALI). By employing vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), we identified α7nAChR as the key CAP subunit in ALI mice, effectively reducing lung permeability and the release of inflammatory cytokines. We further investigated the alterations in SPMs regulated by α7nAChR, revealing a predominant synthesis of lipoxin A4 (LXA4). The significance of α7nAChR-netrin-1 pathway in governing SPM synthesis was confirmed through the use of netrin-1 knockout mice and siRNA-transfected macrophages. Additionally, our evaluation identified a synchronous alteration of LXA4 synthesis in the α7nAChR-netrin-1 pathway accompanied by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), thereby confirming an ameliorative effect of LXA4 on lung injury and macrophage inflammatory response. Concurrently, inhibiting the function of LXA4 annulled the lung-protective effect of VNS. As a result, our findings reveal a novel anti-inflammatory pathway wherein VNS modulates netrin-1 expression via α7nAChR, ultimately leading to LXA4 synthesis and subsequent lung protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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10
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Ferrasi AC, Lima SVG, Galvani AF, Delafiori J, Dias-Audibert FL, Catharino RR, Silva GF, Praxedes RR, Santos DB, Almeida DTDM, Lima EO. Metabolomics in chronic hepatitis C: Decoding fibrosis grading and underlying pathways. World J Hepatol 2023; 15:1237-1249. [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v15.i11.1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) affects 71 million people globally and leads to liver issues such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, cancer, and death. A better understanding and prognosis of liver involvement are vital to reduce morbidity and mortality. The accurate identification of the fibrosis stage is crucial for making treatment decisions and predicting outcomes. Tests used to grade fibrosis include histological analysis and imaging but have limitations. Blood markers such as molecular biomarkers can offer valuable insights into fibrosis.
AIM To identify potential biomarkers that might stratify these lesions and add information about the molecular mechanisms involved in the disease.
METHODS Plasma samples were collected from 46 patients with hepatitis C and classified into fibrosis grades F1 (n = 13), F2 (n = 12), F3 (n = 6), and F4 (n = 15). To ensure that the identified biomarkers were exclusive to liver lesions (CHC fibrosis), healthy volunteer participants (n = 50) were also included. An untargeted metabolomic technique was used to analyze the plasma metabolites using mass spectrometry and database verification. Statistical analyses were performed to identify differential biomarkers among groups.
RESULTS Six differential metabolites were identified in each grade of fibrosis. This six-metabolite profile was able to establish a clustering tendency in patients with the same grade of fibrosis; thus, they showed greater efficiency in discriminating grades.
CONCLUSION This study suggests that some of the observed biomarkers, once validated, have the potential to be applied as prognostic biomarkers. Furthermore, it suggests that liquid biopsy analyses of plasma metabolites are a good source of molecular biomarkers capable of stratifying patients with CHC according to fibrosis grade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Faria Galvani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-686, Brazil
| | - Jeany Delafiori
- Innovare Biomarkers Laboratory, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-877, Brazil
| | | | | | - Giovanni Faria Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-686, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Estela Oliveira Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-686, Brazil
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11
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He K, Liu M, Wang Q, Chen S, Guo X. Combined analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics to find biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15138. [PMID: 37704684 PMCID: PMC10499917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug induced liver injury (DILI) is a kind of liver dysfunction which caused by drugs, and gut microbiota could affect liver injury. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and its metabolites in DILI patients is not clear. The total gut microbiota DNA was extracted from 28 DILI patient and 28 healthy control volunteers (HC) and 16S rDNA gene were amplified. Next, differentially metabolites were screened. Finally, the correlations between the diagnostic strains and differentially metabolites were studied.The richness and uniformity of the bacterial communities decreased in DILI patients, and the structure of gut microbiota changed obviously. Enterococcus and Veillonella which belong to Firmicutes increased in DILI, and Blautia and Ralstonia which belong to Firmicutes, Dialister which belongs to Proteobacteria increased in HC. In addition, these diagnostic OTUs of DILI were associated with the DILI damage mechanism. On the other hands, there were 66 differentially metabolites between DILI and HC samples, and these metabolites were mainly enriched in pyrimidine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, the collinear network map of the key microbiota-metabolites were constructed and the results indicated that Cortodoxone, Prostaglandin I1, Bioyclo Prostaglandin E2 and Anacardic acid were positively correlated with Blautia and Ralstonia, and negatively correlated with Veillonella.This study analyzed the changes of DILI from the perspective of gut microbiota and metabolites. Key strains and differentially metabolites of DILI were screened and the correlations between them were studied. This study further illustrated the mechanism of DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaini He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mimi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong, University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Gilgenkrantz H, Paradis V, Lotersztajn S. Cell metabolism-based therapy for liver fibrosis, repair, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2023:01515467-990000000-00454. [PMID: 37212145 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Progression of chronic liver injury to fibrosis, abnormal liver regeneration, and HCC is driven by a dysregulated dialog between epithelial cells and their microenvironment, in particular immune, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. There is currently no antifibrogenic therapy, and drug treatment of HCC is limited to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy targeting the tumor microenvironment. Metabolic reprogramming of epithelial and nonparenchymal cells is critical at each stage of disease progression, suggesting that targeting specific metabolic pathways could constitute an interesting therapeutic approach. In this review, we discuss how modulating intrinsic metabolism of key effector liver cells might disrupt the pathogenic sequence from chronic liver injury to fibrosis/cirrhosis, regeneration, and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Gilgenkrantz
- Paris-Cité University, INSERM, Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Paris-Cité University, INSERM, Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris, France
- Pathology Department, Beaujon Hospital APHP, Paris-Cité University, Clichy, France
| | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- Paris-Cité University, INSERM, Center for Research on Inflammation, Paris, France
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13
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Canella PRBC, Vinces SS, Silva ÁAR, Sanches PHG, Barini R, Porcari ADM, Razolli DS, Carvalho PDO. Altered profile of plasma phospholipids in woman with recurrent pregnancy loss and recurrent implantation failure treated with lipid emulsion therapy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 89:e13673. [PMID: 36585861 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) and Recurrent Implantation Failure (RIF) are highly heterogeneous condition and many of the mechanisms involved still require elucidation. The aim was to analyze the lipidomic profile in plasma of women with RPL and RIF before and after receiving the Lipid Emulsion Therapy (LET) containing 10% fish oil (SMOFlipid® 20%). METHODS This study included twenty-six women with RPL or RIF from immunological or inflammatory causes, with elevated natural killer cell levels and divided into a Pregnancy Loss or a Live Birth group according to the outcome. The women received intravenous LET and sample collecting was done before the first, third and fifth dose of LET in the pregnant women. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF MS) and multivariate statistical methods were performed to evaluate the profile of phospholipids present in the women's plasma. RESULTS An increase of phosphatidylcholines (PC) 40:8 and 36:5 levels with predominance of n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was observed in plasma lipids of the Pregnancy Loss Group compared to Live Birth Group. We also observed an increase in the relative abundance of n3 PUFA-PC species (42:10 and 36:6) and LysoPC 15:0 with the long term use of LET. CONCLUSION The greater availability of n3 PUFA in plasma of the pregnant women stemming from LET use can be considered advantageous regarding the alteration of the phospholipid profile and its postulated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salvador Sánchez Vinces
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, USF, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Barini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Campinas University (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Andréia de Melo Porcari
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, USF, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Daniela Soares Razolli
- Post Graduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, USF, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
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Biliary Metabolome Profiling for Evaluation of Liver Metabolism and Biliary Tract Function Related to Organ Preservation Method and Degree of Ischemia in a Porcine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032127. [PMID: 36768452 PMCID: PMC9916698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of surgical techniques, immunosuppressive strategies and new organ preservation methods have meant that transplant centers have to face the problem of an insufficient number of organs for transplantation concerning the constantly growing demand. Therefore, using organs from expanded criteria donors and developing new analytical solutions to find parameters or compounds that would allow a more efficient assessment of organ quality before transplantation are options for meeting this challenge. This study proposed bile metabolomic analysis to evaluate liver metabolism and biliary tract function depending on the organ preservation method and degree of warm ischemia time. The analyses were performed on solid-phase microextraction-prepared bile samples from porcine model donors with mild (heart beating donor [HBD]) and moderate warm ischemia (donation after circulatory death [DCD]) grafts subjected to static cold storage (SCS) or normothermic ex vivo liver perfusion (NEVLP) before transplantation. Bile produced in the SCS-preserved livers was characterized by increased levels of metabolites such as chenodeoxycholic acid, arachidonic acid and 5S-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid, as well as saturated and monounsaturated lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC). Such changes may be associated with differences in the bile acid synthesis pathways and organ inflammation. Moreover, it has been shown that NEVLP reduced the negative effect of ischemia on organ function. A linear relationship was observed between levels of lipids from the LPC group and the time of organ ischemia. This study identified metabolites worth considering as potential markers of changes occurring in preserved grafts.
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15
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Dong L, Wang H, Chen K, Li Y. Roles of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in diabetes (HETEs and diabetes). Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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16
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Monirujjaman M, Bathe OF, Mazurak VC. Dietary EPA+DHA Mitigate Hepatic Toxicity and Modify the Oxylipin Profile in an Animal Model of Colorectal Cancer Treated with Chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225703. [PMID: 36428795 PMCID: PMC9688617 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan (CPT-11) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are commonly used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer, but chemotherapy-associated steatosis/steatohepatitis (CASSH) frequently accompanies their use. The objective of this study was to determine effect of CPT-11+5-FU on liver toxicity, liver oxylipins, and cytokines, and to explore whether these alterations could be modified by dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the form of fish oil (EPA+DHA). Tumor-bearing animals were administered CPT-11+5-FU and maintained on a control diet or a diet containing EPA+DHA (2.3 g/100 g). Livers were collected one week after chemotherapy for the analysis of oxylipins, cytokines, and markers of liver pathology (oxidized glutathione, GSSH; 4-hydroxynonenal, 4-HNE, and type-I collagen fiber). Dietary EPA+DHA prevented the chemotherapy-induced increases in liver GSSH (p < 0.011) and 4-HNE (p < 0.006). Compared with the tumor-bearing animals, ten oxylipins were altered (three/ten n-6 oxylipins were elevated while seven/ten n-3 oxylipins were reduced) following chemotherapy. Reductions in the n-3 fatty-acid-derived oxylipins that were evident following chemotherapy were restored by dietary EPA+DHA. Liver TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were elevated (p < 0.05) following chemotherapy; dietary EPA+DHA reduced IL-6 (p = 0.09) and eotaxin (p = 0.007) levels. Chemotherapy-induced liver injury results in distinct alterations in oxylipins and cytokines, and dietary EPA+DHA attenuates these pathophysiological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Monirujjaman
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Oliver F. Bathe
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Vera C. Mazurak
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Research Innovation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-780-492-8048
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Ghanem CI, Manautou JE. Role and Regulation of Hepatobiliary ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters during Chemical-Induced Liver Injury. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:1376-1388. [PMID: 35914951 PMCID: PMC9513844 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severity of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) ranges from mild, asymptomatic, and transient elevations in liver function tests to irreversible liver damage, often needing transplantation. Traditionally, DILI is classified mechanistically as high-frequency intrinsic DILI, commonly dose dependent or DILI that rarely occurs and is idiosyncratic in nature. This latter form is not dose dependent and has a pattern of histopathological manifestation that is not always uniform. Currently, a third type of DILI called indirect hepatotoxicity has been described that is associated with the pharmacological action of the drug. Historically, DILI was primarily linked to drug metabolism events; however, the impact of transporter-mediated rates of drug uptake and excretion has gained greater prominence in DILI research. This review provides a comprehensive view of the major findings from studies examining the contribution of hepatic ATP-binding cassette transporters as key contributors to DILI and how changes in their expression and function influence the development, severity, and overall toxicity outcome. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) continues to be a focal point in drug development research. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters have emerged as important determinants of drug detoxification, disposition, and safety. This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature addressing: (a) the role of hepatic ABC transporters in DILI, (b) the influence of genetic mutations in ABC transporters on DILI, and (c) new areas of research emphasis, such as the influence of the gut microbiota and epigenetic regulation, on ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina I Ghanem
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA-UBA-CONICET) (C.I.G.) and Cátedra de Fisiopatología (C.I.G.), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.E.M.)
| | - Jose E Manautou
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (ININFA-UBA-CONICET) (C.I.G.) and Cátedra de Fisiopatología (C.I.G.), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.E.M.)
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Yamaguchi A, Botta E, Holinstat M. Eicosanoids in inflammation in the blood and the vessel. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:997403. [PMID: 36238558 PMCID: PMC9551235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.997403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are structural components of membrane phospholipids in cells. PUFAs regulate cellular function through the formation of derived lipid mediators termed eicosanoids. The oxygenation of 20-carbon PUFAs via the oxygenases cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, or cytochrome P450, generates a class of classical eicosanoids including prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes, and also the more recently identified hydroxy-, hydroperoxy-, epoxy- and oxo-eicosanoids, and the specialized pro-resolving (lipid) mediators. These eicosanoids play a critical role in the regulation of inflammation in the blood and the vessel. While arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids are extensively studied due to their pro-inflammatory effects and therefore involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and the coronavirus disease 2019; in recent years, several eicosanoids have been reported to attenuate exacerbated inflammatory responses and participate in the resolution of inflammation. This review focused on elucidating the biosynthesis and the mechanistic signaling of eicosanoids in inflammation, as well as the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects of these eicosanoids in the blood and the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Eliana Botta
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States,*Correspondence: Michael Holinstat,
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Yin H, Shi A, Wu J. Platelet-Activating Factor Promotes the Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2003-2030. [PMID: 35837578 PMCID: PMC9275506 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s367483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifaceted clinicopathological syndrome characterised by excessive hepatic lipid accumulation that causes steatosis, excluding alcoholic factors. Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a biologically active lipid transmitter, induces platelet activation upon binding to the PAF receptor. Recent studies have found that PAF is associated with gamma-glutamyl transferase, which is an indicator of liver disease. Moreover, PAF can stimulate hepatic lipid synthesis and cause hypertriglyceridaemia. Furthermore, the knockdown of the PAF receptor gene in the animal models of NAFLD helped reduce the inflammatory response, improve glucose homeostasis and delay the development of NAFLD. These findings suggest that PAF is associated with NAFLD development. According to reports, patients with NAFLD or animal models have marked platelet activation abnormalities, mainly manifested as enhanced platelet adhesion and aggregation and altered blood rheology. Pharmacological interventions were accompanied by remission of abnormal platelet activation and significant improvement in liver function and lipids in the animal model of NAFLD. These confirm that platelet activation may accompany a critical importance in NAFLD development and progression. However, how PAFs are involved in the NAFLD signalling pathway needs further investigation. In this paper, we review the relevant literature in recent years and discuss the role played by PAF in NAFLD development. It is important to elucidate the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to find effective interventions for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Junzi Wu; Anhua Shi, Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 187 8855 7524; +86 138 8885 0813, Email ;
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