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Nakamura-Utsunomiya A. Bone Biomarkers in Mucopolysaccharidoses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312651. [PMID: 34884458 PMCID: PMC8658023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in bone and cartilage leads to progressive damage in cartilage that, in turn, reduces bone growth by the destruction of the growth plate, incomplete ossification, and growth imbalance. The mechanisms of pathophysiology related to bone metabolism in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) include impaired chondrocyte function and the failure of endochondral ossification, which leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines via the activation of Toll-like receptors by GAGs. Although improvements in the daily living of patients with MPS have been achieved with enzyme replacement, treatment for the bone disorder is limited. There is an increasing need to identify biomarkers related to bone and cartilage to evaluate the progressive status and to monitor the treatment of MPS. Recently, new analysis methods, such as proteomic analysis, have identified new biomarkers in MPS. This review summarizes advances in clinical bone metabolism and bone biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Nakamura-Utsunomiya
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-82-254-1818; Fax: +81-82-253-8274
- Division of Neonatal Screening, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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Roth J, Inbar-Feigenberg M, Raiman J, Bisch M, Chakraborty P, Mitchell J, Di Geso L. Ultrasound findings of finger, wrist and knee joints in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:289-296. [PMID: 34090760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Musculoskeletal findings in MPS can progress after enzyme replacement. Our aim was to examine synovial recesses, tendons, retinacula and pulleys using ultrasonography for structural and inflammatory changes. MATERIAL AND METHODS The wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal and distal interphalangeal (PIP and DIP) joints, the finger flexor tendons and the knee including entheses of quadriceps and patella tendons were assessed clinically. Ultrasonography of the various synovial recesses of the wrist as well as the extensor retinaculum, carpal tunnel, MCP, PIP and DIP joints of the second finger, extensor and flexor tendons, A1-5 pulleys and the knee joint including relevant entheses followed. Significance of differences between patient values and available normative data were assessed using t-tests. RESULTS Ultrasonography showed significant abnormal intraarticular material in the wrist without a clear distribution to synovial recesses and without effusions. Doppler signals were found in a perisynovial distribution and not intrasynovial as expected in in inflammatory arthritis. Findings were similar in the knee but not the fingers. Flexor and extensor tendons were also mostly normal in their structure but significant thickening of retinaculae and the flexor tendon pulleys was seen (p<0.0001 compared to normal). CONCLUSION MPS I patients showed intraarticular deposition of abnormal material in the wrist and knee but not in the finger joints where significant thickening of retinaculae/pulleys controlling tendon position was dominant. No ultrasound findings of inflammatory pathology were demonstrated but rather a secondary reaction to abnormal deposition and direct damage of GAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Roth
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michal Inbar-Feigenberg
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julian Raiman
- Department of Inherited Metabolic Disease, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marg Bisch
- Division of Pediatric Dermatology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pranesh Chakraborty
- Newborn Screening Ontario and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luca Di Geso
- Ospedale Provinciale Madonna del Soccorso, Department of Internal Medicine, San Benedetto del Tronto, Marche, Italy
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Li D, Tao X, Zhang N, Huo A, Kang H, Xu C, Zhang Y, Peng Y. Do magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of skeletal system improve after treatment of Gaucher disease? Eur J Radiol 2020; 125:108851. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Beaton B, Monzón JLS, Hughes DA, Pastores GM. Gaucher disease: risk stratification and comorbidities. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21678707.2017.1385455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Beaton
- Lysosomal Storage Disorder Unit, Royal Free NHS FT and University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Derralynn A. Hughes
- Lysosomal Storage Disorder Unit, Royal Free NHS FT and University College London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology and Palliative Care, Royal Free NHS FT, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gregory M. Pastores
- Department of Medicine/National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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The Complexity of Pain Management in Children Affected by Mucopolysaccharidoses. Case Rep Pediatr 2017; 2017:7257230. [PMID: 28473938 PMCID: PMC5394408 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7257230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of rare, genetic lysosomal storage disorders. They are caused by deficiencies of the lysosomal enzymes involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Pain is a common feature in mucopolysaccharidoses. However, the pathophysiology of pain in this group of diseases is still unclear and genesis of pain is multifactorial. Currently, poor data about pain management in these patients are available. Here, we present our clinical experience in complex pain management in three children with MPS.
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Christensen CL, Choy FYM. A Prospective Treatment Option for Lysosomal Storage Diseases: CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Technology for Mutation Correction in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Diseases 2017; 5:E6. [PMID: 28933359 PMCID: PMC5456334 DOI: 10.3390/diseases5010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ease of design, relatively low cost and a multitude of gene-altering capabilities have all led to the adoption of the sophisticated and yet simple gene editing system: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9). The CRISPR/Cas9 system holds promise for the correction of deleterious mutations by taking advantage of the homology directed repair pathway and by supplying a correction template to the affected patient's cells. Currently, this technique is being applied in vitro in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to correct a variety of severe genetic diseases, but has not as of yet been used in iPSCs derived from patients affected with a lysosomal storage disease (LSD). If adopted into clinical practice, corrected iPSCs derived from cells that originate from the patient themselves could be used for therapeutic amelioration of LSD symptoms without the risks associated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. CRISPR/Cas9 editing in a patient's cells would overcome the costly, lifelong process associated with currently available treatment methods, including enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapies. In this review, the overall utility of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique for treatment of genetic diseases, the potential for the treatment of LSDs and methods currently employed to increase the efficiency of this re-engineered biological system will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe L Christensen
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
| | - Francis Y M Choy
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd., Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
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Derrick-Roberts ALK, Panir K, Pyragius CE, Zarrinkalam KH, Atkins GJ, Byers S. Reversal of established bone pathology in MPS VII mice following lentiviral-mediated gene therapy. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 119:249-257. [PMID: 27692945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Severe, progressive skeletal dysplasia is a major symptom of multiple mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) types. While a gene therapy approach initiated at birth has been shown to prevent the development of bone pathology in different animal models of MPS, the capacity to correct developed bone disease is unknown. In this study, ex vivo micro-computed tomography was used to demonstrate that bone mass and architecture of murine MPS VII L5 vertebrae were within the normal range at 1month of age but by 2months of age were significantly different to normal. The difference between normal and MPS VII BV/TV increased with age reaching a maximal difference at approximately 4months of age. In mature MPS VII bone BV/TV is increased (51.5% versus 21.5% in normal mice) due to an increase in trabecular number (6.2permm versus 3.8permm in normal mice). The total number of osteoclasts in the metaphysis of MPS VII mice was decreased, as was the percentage of osteoclasts attached to bone. MPS VII osteoblasts produced significantly more osteoprotegerin (OPG) than normal osteoblasts and supported the production of fewer osteoclasts from spleen precursor cells than normal osteoblasts in a co-culture system. In contrast, the formation of osteoclasts from MPS VII spleen monocytes was similar to normal in vitro, when exogenous RANKL and m-CSF was added to the culture medium. Administration of murine β-glucuronidase to MPS VII mice at 4months of age, when bone disease was fully manifested, using lentiviral gene delivery resulted in a doubling of osteoclast numbers and a significant increase in attachment capacity (68% versus 29.4% in untreated MPS VII animals). Bone mineral volume rapidly decreased by 39% after gene therapy and fell within the normal range by 6months of age. Collectively, these results indicate that lentiviral-mediated gene therapy is effective in reversing established skeletal pathology in murine MPS VII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainslie L K Derrick-Roberts
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Kavita Panir
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Carmen E Pyragius
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Gerald J Atkins
- Centre for Orthopaedic and Trauma Research, Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Sharon Byers
- Genetics and Molecular Pathology Directorate, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, Australia; Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Australia
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Paleopathological Study of Dwarfism-Related Skeletal Dysplasia in a Late Joseon Dynasty (South Korean) Population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140901. [PMID: 26488291 PMCID: PMC4619213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias related to genetic etiologies have rarely been reported for past populations. This report presents the skeletal characteristics of an individual with dwarfism-related skeletal dysplasia from South Korea. To assess abnormal deformities, morphological features, metric data, and computed tomography scans are analyzed. Differential diagnoses include achondroplasia or hypochondroplasia, chondrodysplasia, multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, thalassemia-related hemolytic anemia, and lysosomal storage disease. The diffused deformities in the upper-limb bones and several coarsened features of the craniofacial bones indicate the most likely diagnosis to have been a certain type of lysosomal storage disease. The skeletal remains of EP-III-4-No.107 from the Eunpyeong site, although incomplete and fragmented, provide important clues to the paleopathological diagnosis of skeletal dysplasias.
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Tantawy AA. Cytokines in Gaucher disease: Role in the pathogenesis of bone and pulmonary disease. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Abstract
The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of rare genetic disorders of glycosaminoglycan catabolism, caused by a deficiency of lysosomal enzymes required for GAG degradation. Incomplete breakdown of glycosaminoglycans leads to progressive accumulation of these substances in many tissues throughout the body. Different residual enzymatic activity can result in different phenotypes of the same MPS disorder, from severe to attenuated. Musculoskeletal manifestations are common across all forms of MPS. Skeletal and joint abnormalities are prominent features of many MPS disorders, particularly attenuated phenotypes. However, diagnostic delays occur frequently for patients with an MPS, especially those with more attenuated forms of disease. In the absence of appropriate treatment, these conditions are chronic, progressive and often debilitating, but treatment for many types of MPS is now available. Therefore, increasing awareness of MPS among rheumatologists is extremely important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Cimaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology Unit, AOU Meyer Hospital, Viale Pieraccini, no. 24, 50139, Firenze, Italy,
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11
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Stevenson DA, Rudser K, Kunin-Batson A, Fung EB, Viskochil D, Shapiro E, Orchard PJ, Whitley CB, Polgreen LE. Biomarkers of bone remodeling in children with mucopolysaccharidosis types I, II, and VI. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2014; 7:159-65. [PMID: 25096868 PMCID: PMC4420175 DOI: 10.3233/prm-140285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Skeletal disease causes significant morbidity in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), and bone remodeling processes in MPS have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to determine if biomarkers of bone turnover are abnormal in children with specific MPS disorders (i.e. MSP-I, MPS-II, and MPS-VI) compared to healthy children. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed of serum biomarkers of bone formation (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase [BSAP], osteocalcin) and urine biomarkers of bone resorption (pyridinoline, deoxypyridinoline) in MPS and healthy controls. Measures of physical function and pain were obtained using the Children's Health Questionnaire (CHQ). RESULTS The cohort consisted of 39 children with MPS (MPS-I=26; MPS-II=11; MPS-VI=4) and 51 healthy children. Adjusting for sex and Tanner stage group, MPS individuals had statistically significant increases for osteocalcin (p< 0.001), with trends toward higher BSAP (p=0.054) and urinary pyridinoline (p=0.084). These biomarkers were not significantly associated with CHQ bodily pain and physical-function scores. CONCLUSION Osteocalcin was increased in children with MPS disorders, with trends for increases in BSAP and urinary pyridinoline, suggesting that bone remodeling is altered in children with MPS. Future studies to assess the ability of these biomarkers to quantify and monitor MPS skeletal disease in response to therapy are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kyle Rudser
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Ellen B Fung
- Children's Hospital and Research Center, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - David Viskochil
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Elsa Shapiro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chester B Whitley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lynda E Polgreen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Lampe C, Bellettato CM, Karabul N, Scarpa M. Mucopolysaccharidoses and other lysosomal storage diseases. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2013; 39:431-55. [PMID: 23597973 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis and other lysosomal storage diseases are rare, chronic, and progressive inherited diseases caused by a deficit of lysosomal enzymes. Patients are affected by a wide variety of symptoms. For some lysosomal storage diseases, effective treatments to arrest disease progression, or slow the pathologic process, and increase patient life expectancy are available or being developed. Timely diagnosis is crucial. Rheumatologists, orthopedics, and neurologists are commonly consulted due to unspecific musculoskeletal signs and symptoms. Pain, stiffness, contractures of joints in absence of clinical signs of inflammation, bone pain or abnormalities, osteopenia, osteonecrosis, secondary osteoarthritis or hip dysplasia are the alerting symptoms that should induce suspicion of a lysosomal storage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lampe
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Villa Metabolica, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University of Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 2, Mainz 55131, Germany.
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Dornelles AD, de Camargo Pinto LL, de Paula AC, Steiner CE, Lourenço CM, Kim CA, Horovitz DDG, Ribeiro EM, Valadares ER, Goulart I, Neves de Souza IC, da Costa Neri JI, Santana-da-Silva LC, Silva LR, Ribeiro M, de Oliveira Sobrinho RP, Giugliani R, Schwartz IVD. Enzyme replacement therapy for Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I among patients followed within the MPS Brazil Network. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 37:23-9. [PMID: 24688287 PMCID: PMC3958322 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572014000100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a rare lysosomal disorder caused by deficiency of alpha-L-iduronidase. Few clinical trials have assessed the effect of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for this condition. We conducted an exploratory, open-label, non-randomized, multicenter cohort study of patients with MPS I. Data were collected from questionnaires completed by attending physicians at the time of diagnosis (T1; n = 34) and at a median time of 2.5 years later (T2; n = 24/34). The 24 patients for whom data were available at T2 were allocated into groups: A, no ERT (9 patients; median age at T1 = 36 months; 6 with severe phenotype); B, on ERT (15 patients; median age at T1 = 33 months; 4 with severe phenotype). For all variables in which there was no between-group difference at baseline, a delta of ≥ ± 20% was considered clinically relevant. The following clinically relevant differences were identified in group B in T2: lower rates of mortality and reported hospitalization for respiratory infection; lower frequency of hepatosplenomegaly; increased reported rates of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and hearing loss; and stabilization of gibbus deformity. These changes could be due to the effect of ERT or of other therapies which have also been found more frequently in group B. Our findings suggest MPS I patients on ERT also receive a better overall care. ERT may have a positive effect on respiratory morbidity and overall mortality in patients with MPS I. Additional studies focusing on these outcomes and on other therapies should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chong Ae Kim
- Instituto da Criança, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dafne Dain Gandelman Horovitz
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isabela Goulart
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Isabel C Neves de Souza
- Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Carlos Santana-da-Silva
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Luiz Roberto Silva
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcia Ribeiro
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Giugliani
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . ; Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil . ; Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Gatto F, Redaelli D, Salvadè A, Marzorati S, Sacchetti B, Ferina C, Roobrouck VD, Bertola F, Romano M, Villani G, Antolini L, Rovelli A, Verfaillie CM, Biondi A, Riminucci M, Bianco P, Serafini M. Hurler disease bone marrow stromal cells exhibit altered ability to support osteoclast formation. Stem Cells Dev 2012; 21:1466-77. [PMID: 22280094 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS IH; Hurler syndrome) is a rare genetic disorder that is caused by mutations in the α-L-iduronidase (IDUA) gene, resulting in the deficiency of IDUA enzyme activity and intra-cellular accumulation of glycosaminoglycans. A characteristic skeletal phenotype is one of the many clinical manifestations in Hurler disease. Since the mechanism(s) underlying these skeletal defects are not completely understood, and bone and cartilage are mesenchymal lineages, we focused on the characterization of mesenchymal cells isolated from the bone marrow (BM) of 5 Hurler patients. IDUA-mutated BM stromal cells (BMSC) derived from MPS IH patients exhibited decreased IDUA activity, consistent with the disease genotype. The expansion rate, phenotype, telomerase activity, and differentiation capacity toward adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and smooth muscle cells in vitro of the MPS I BMSC lines were similar to those of BMSC from age-matched normal control donors. MPS I BMSC also had a similar in vivo osteogenic capacity as normal BMSC. However, MPS I BMSC displayed an increased capacity to support osteoclastogenesis, which may correlate with the up-regulation of the RANKL/RANK/OPG molecular pathway in MPS I BMSC compared with normal BMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gatto
- Pediatric Department, Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Tettamanti Research Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Clarke LA. Pathogenesis of skeletal and connective tissue involvement in the mucopolysaccharidoses: glycosaminoglycan storage is merely the instigator. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 50 Suppl 5:v13-8. [PMID: 22210665 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a series of rare genetic disorders in which progressive bone and joint disease represents a key source of morbidity for patients. The recent introduction of enzyme replacement therapy for many of the MPSs has led to a need for increased physician awareness of these rare conditions in order to ensure that treatment is initiated at a time that leads to optimal benefit for patients. In addition, the current experiences of the clinical responsiveness of patient's symptoms to enzyme replacement approaches have also fuelled an interest in the development of alternative and adjunctive therapeutic approaches directed particularly to the rheumatological aspects of disease. Understanding the underlying pathogenesis of the MPSs is a key element for advancements in both of these areas. This review highlights the current knowledge underlying the pathophysiology of disease symptoms in the MPSs and underscores the importance and role of pathogenic cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorne A Clarke
- Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Morishita K, Petty RE. Musculoskeletal manifestations of mucopolysaccharidoses. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2011; 50 Suppl 5:v19-25. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Phillips JL, Hegge J, Wolff JA, Samulski RJ, Asokan A. Systemic gene transfer to skeletal muscle using reengineered AAV vectors. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 709:141-51. [PMID: 21194026 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61737-982-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy of musculoskeletal disorders warrants efficient gene transfer to a wide range of muscle groups. Reengineered adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors that selectively transduce muscle tissue following systemic administration are attractive candidates for such applications. Here we provide examples of several lab-derived AAV vectors that display systemic tissue tropism in mice. Methods to evaluate the efficiency of gene transfer to skeletal muscle following intravenous or isolated limb infusion of AAV -vectors in mice are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana L Phillips
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Lebel E, Ioscovich A, Itzchaki M, Zimran A, Elstein D. Hip arthroplasty in patients with Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 46:60-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chérin P, Adoué D, Hachulla E, Jaussaud R, Kaminsky P, Lavigne C, Lidove O, Lorcerie B, Magy-Bertrand N, Maillot F, Marie I, Masseau A, Noel E, Serratrice C, Cabane J. Résultats de l’enquête sur les maladies rares coordonnée par le groupe médecine interne – maladies lysosomales. Rev Med Interne 2010; 31:515-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Revised: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wilson S, Brömme D. Potential role of cathepsin K in the pathophysiology of mucopolysaccharidoses. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2010; 3:139-46. [PMID: 21629671 PMCID: PMC3103771 DOI: 10.3233/prm-2010-0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin K, a papain-like cysteine protease, is highly expressed in osteoclasts and plays a critical role in bone resorption. Dysfunction of the enzyme leads to various skeletal abnormalities. The recent knowledge that the collagenolytic activity of cathepsin K depends on interactions with bone and cartilage-resident glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) may shed some light on diseases such as mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). MPSs are a group of lysosomal storage diseases characterized by the accumulation of GAGs in tissues including bone. Typical pathological features of these diseases include skeletal abnormalities such as dysostosis multiplex, short stature, and multiple irregularities in bone development. We describe how further investigation of the cathepsin K/GAG complexes could provide valuable insights into the bone pathology associated with MPS diseases. In this review, we discuss the inhibition of osteoclast function through altered activity of cathepsin K by GAGs and offer insight into a mechanism for the bone pathology seen in MPS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Wilson
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Elstein D, Zimran A. Review of the safety and efficacy of imiglucerase treatment of Gaucher disease. Biologics 2009; 3:407-17. [PMID: 19774208 PMCID: PMC2747339 DOI: 10.2147/btt.2009.3497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Most patients who suffer from symptomatic Gaucher disease will benefit from enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with imiglucerase. The safety profile is excellent, only a small percentage of those exposed developing antibodies; similarly, very few patients require pre-medication for allergic reactions. Within 3 to 5 years of imiglucerase therapy, best documented at doses of 30 to 60 units/kg/infusion, hepatosplenomegaly can be expected to be reduced so that the liver volume will be maintained at 1 to 1.5 times normal (30% to 40% reduction from advent of ERT) and spleen volume to </= 2 to 8 times normal (50% to 60% reduction from advent of ERT). For anemic and thrombocytopenic patients, with 2 to 5 years of imiglucerase, hemoglobin levels are expected to be >/= 11 g/dL for women and children and >/= 12 g/dL for men; and platelet counts in patients with an intact spleen, depending on the baseline value, should approximately be doubled. Bone crises and bone pain but not irreversible skeletal damage will improve in most patients. Nonetheless, some features and some symptomatic patients apparently do not respond equally well and/or perhaps inadequately. The benefit for patients with the neuronopathic forms is primarily in improved visceral and hematological signs and symptoms. There are still several unresolved issues, the high per-unit cost being an important one, which have spurred the development of biosimilar enzymes as well as chaperone therapies currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Elstein
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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22
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Elstein D, Zimran A. Review of the safety and efficacy of imiglucerase treatment of Gaucher disease. Biologics 2009. [PMID: 19774208 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most patients who suffer from symptomatic Gaucher disease will benefit from enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with imiglucerase. The safety profile is excellent, only a small percentage of those exposed developing antibodies; similarly, very few patients require pre-medication for allergic reactions. Within 3 to 5 years of imiglucerase therapy, best documented at doses of 30 to 60 units/kg/infusion, hepatosplenomegaly can be expected to be reduced so that the liver volume will be maintained at 1 to 1.5 times normal (30% to 40% reduction from advent of ERT) and spleen volume to </= 2 to 8 times normal (50% to 60% reduction from advent of ERT). For anemic and thrombocytopenic patients, with 2 to 5 years of imiglucerase, hemoglobin levels are expected to be >/= 11 g/dL for women and children and >/= 12 g/dL for men; and platelet counts in patients with an intact spleen, depending on the baseline value, should approximately be doubled. Bone crises and bone pain but not irreversible skeletal damage will improve in most patients. Nonetheless, some features and some symptomatic patients apparently do not respond equally well and/or perhaps inadequately. The benefit for patients with the neuronopathic forms is primarily in improved visceral and hematological signs and symptoms. There are still several unresolved issues, the high per-unit cost being an important one, which have spurred the development of biosimilar enzymes as well as chaperone therapies currently in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Elstein
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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