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Hao S, Yao C, Meng P, Jia Y, Li L, Zhang C, Guo X. HT-2 Mycotoxin and Selenium Deficiency: Effects on Femur Development and Integrity in Young Mice. Toxicon 2024:107767. [PMID: 38768830 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Kashin-Beck Disease (KBD), an osteoarticular disorder, is potentially influenced by several factors, among which selenium deficiency and HT-2 mycotoxin exposure are considered significant. However, the combined effect of these factors on femoral development remains unclear, Conducted over eight weeks on forty-eight male mice categorized into control, selenium-deficient, and HT-2 toxin-exposed groups, including dual-exposure sets, this study comprehensively monitored body weight, bone metabolism markers, and cellular health. Employing biomechanical analysis, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we unearthed a reduction in body weight due to HT-2 toxin alone, with selenium deficiency exacerbating these effects synergistically. Our results unveil that both factors independently affect bone metabolism, yet their confluence leads to a pronounced degradation of bone health parameters, including alterations in calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D levels, alongside marked changes in osteoblast and osteoclast activity and bone cell structures. The notable damage to femoral cortical and trabecular architectures underscores the perilous interplay between dietary selenium absence and HT-2 toxin presence, necessitating a deeper understanding of their separate and joint effects on bone integrity. These discoveries underscore the imperative for a nuanced approach to toxicology research and public health policy, highlighting the pivotal influence of environmental and nutritional factors on skeletal well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichu Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Nursing Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peilin Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yumen Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liu Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiong Guo
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
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Cao L, Fan L, Zhao C, Yin S, Hu H. Role of ferroptosis in food-borne mycotoxin-induced toxicities. Apoptosis 2024; 29:267-276. [PMID: 38001339 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by toxic substances is a major global food safety issue, which poses a serious threat to human health. Mycotoxins are major class of food contaminants, mainly including aflatoxins (AFs), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON), ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisins (FBs) and patulin (PAT). Ferroptosis is a newly identified iron-dependent form of programmed or regulated cell death, which has been found to be involved in diverse pathological conditions. Recently, a growing body of evidence has shown that ferroptosis is implicated in the toxicities induced by certain types of food-borne mycotoxins, which provides novel mechanistic insights into mycotoxin-induced toxicities and paves the way for developing ferroptosis-based strategy to combat against toxicities of mycotoxins. In this review article, we summarize the key findings on the involvement of ferroptosis in mycotoxin-induced toxicities and propose issues that need to be addressed in future studies for better utilization of ferroptosis-based approach to manage the toxic effects of mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixing Cao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yunamingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Shutao Yin
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Non-thermal Processing, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Ning C, Xiao W, Liang Z, Wu Y, Fan H, Wang S, Kong X, Wang Y, Wu A, Li Y, Yuan Z, Wu J, Yang C. Melatonin alleviates T-2 toxin-induced oxidative damage, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in piglet spleen and thymus. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111653. [PMID: 38354511 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
T-2 toxin, an unavoidable contaminant in animal feeds, can induce oxidative stress and damage immune organs. Melatonin (MT), a natural and potent antioxidant, has shown promise as a detoxifier for various mycotoxins. However, the detoxifying effect of MT on T-2 toxin has not been previously reported. In order to investigate the protective effect of MT added to diets on the immune system of T-2 toxin-exposed piglets, twenty piglets weaned at 28d of age were randomly divided into control, T-2 toxin (1 mg/kg), MT (5 mg/kg), and T-2 toxin (1 mg/kg) + MT (5 mg/kg) groups(n = 5 per group). Our results demonstrated that MT mitigated T-2 toxin-induced histoarchitectural alterations in the spleen and thymus, such as hemorrhage, decreased white pulp size in the spleen, and medullary cell sparing in the thymus. Further research revealed that MT promoted the expression of Nrf2 and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT and SOD, while reducing the production of the lipid peroxidation product MDA. Moreover, MT inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway, regulated the expression of downstream cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1. MT also suppressed the activation of caspase-3 while down-regulating the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 to reduce apoptosis. Additionally, MT ameliorated the T-2 toxin-induced disorders of immune cells and immune molecules in the blood. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MT may effectively protect the immune system of piglets against T-2 toxin-induced damage by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in the spleen and thymus. Therefore, MT holds the potential as an antidote for T-2 toxin poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Ning
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenguang Xiao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zengenni Liang
- Hunan Agricultural Product Processing Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Longping Branch Graduate School, Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - You Wu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Aoao Wu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhihang Yuan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Chenglin Yang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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He J, Jin H, Guo J, Li K, Jia L, Li Y, Zhang L. T-2 toxin-induced testicular impairment by triggering oxidative stress and ferroptosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115844. [PMID: 38134641 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin of significant danger to humans and animals. Its impact on reproductive toxicity is attributed to oxidative stress, which ultimately leads to cell death. Ferroptosis is a programmed cell death that characterized by lipid peroxidation. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of T-2 toxin on mouse testis and the potential mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced ferroptosis. T-2 toxin significantly altered the morphology of the testis and decreased testosterone level, sperm concentration, and increased sperm malformation rate, as well as induced oxidative damage with reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulated, and activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase decreased. Additionally, T-2 toxin induced ferroptosis by accumulating iron ions, increasing prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2, downregulating glutathione peroxidase 4 and ferritin heavy chain 1, as well as manifesting ferroptotic morphological alterations, ultimately leading to testicular impairment. Administration of ferroptosis inhibitor liproxstatin-1 or antioxidant resveratrol effectively mitigated the T-2 toxin-induced ferroptosis and testicular injury. These findings provided novel insights into the fundamental mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced cell death and furnished further proof of the potential therapeutic effect in addressing T-2 toxin-induced testicular impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jiabin Guo
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jia
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Li
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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Bu H, Wang B, Wu Y, Li P, Cui Y, Jiang X, Yu X, Liu B, Tang M. Curcumin strengthens a spontaneous self-protective mechanism-SP1/PRDX6 pathway, against di-n-butyl phthalate-induced testicular ferroptosis damage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:122165-122181. [PMID: 37966654 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
As one of the common plasticizers, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) has been using in various daily consumer products worldwide. Since it is easily released from products and exists in the environment for a long time, it has a lasting impact on human health, especially male reproductive health. However, the detailed mechanism of testicular damage from DBP and the protection strategy are still not clear enough. In this study, we found that DBP could induce dose-dependent ferroptosis in testicular tissue. Mechanism dissection indicates that DBP can upregulate SP1 expression, which could directly transcriptionally upregulate PRDX6, a negative regulator of ferroptosis. Overexpression of PRDX6 or adding SP1 agonist curcumin could suppress the DBP-induced ferroptosis on testicular cells. In vivo, rats were given 500 mg/kg/day DBP orally for 3 weeks; elevated levels of ferroptosis were detected in testicular tissue. When the above-mentioned doses of DBP and curcumin at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day were administered intragastrically simultaneously, the testicular ferroptosis induced by DBP was alleviated. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR of testis tissue showed that the expression of PRDX6 was upregulated under the action of DBP and curcumin. These findings suggest a spontaneous self-protection mechanism of testicular tissue from DBP damage by upregulating SP1 and PRDX6. However, it is not strong enough to resist the DBP-induced ferroptosis. Curcumin can strengthen this self-protection mechanism and weaken the level of ferroptosis induced by DBP. This study may help us to develop a novel therapeutic option with curcumin to protect the testicular tissue from ferroptosis and function impairment by DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengtao Bu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- Jiangsu Health Development Research Center, Nanjing, 210036, Jiangsu, China
- National Health and Family Planning Commission Contraceptives Adverse Reaction Surveillance Center, Nanjing, 210036, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yankang Cui
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuping Jiang
- Department of Urology, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, 214200, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bianjiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang C, He J, Jin H, Xiao H, Peng S, Xie J, Zhang L, Guo J. T-2 toxin induces cardiotoxicity by activating ferroptosis and inhibiting heme oxygenase-1. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140087. [PMID: 37678596 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
T-2 toxin, a natural secondary sesquiterpenoid metabolite produced by numerous strains of Fusarium fungi, is prevalent in both contaminated food and the environment. T-2 toxin is known to be highly toxic to the cardiovascular system, but the precise mechanisms that lead to T-2 toxin-induced cardiotoxicity are not yet fully understood. Recent findings indicate that ferroptosis is a pivotal factor in cardiovascular damage and exhibits a strong correlation with the detrimental impacts of T-2 toxin. The present study was designed to examine the involvement of ferroptosis in T-2 toxin-induced cardiac injury. Male mice and human cardiomyocytes were subjected to T-2 toxin for 24 h to induce acute cardiotoxicity for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. Our results demonstrated that T-2 toxin increased reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde, and decreased glutathione/oxidized glutathione and adenosine triphosphate levels. Furthermore, T-2 toxin was observed to activate ferroptosis, as evidenced by an increase in iron (Fe2+) concentration and upregulation of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2, downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 and ferritin heavy chain 1, as well as ferroptotic morphological alterations. Inhibition of ferroptosis by Liproxstatin-1 reversed T-2 toxin-induced cardiac injury. Additionally, the downregulation of heme oxgenase-1 (HO-1) expression by T-2 toxin exacerbates ferroptosis and oxidative damage, which can be further aggravated by HO-1 inhibition with Sn-protoporphyrin. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced cardiotoxicity and suggest that targeting ferroptosis and HO-1 may represent a promising cardioprotective strategy against T-2 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Wang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jun He
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Hong Jin
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Haixin Xiao
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Shuangqing Peng
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jianwei Xie
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Jiabin Guo
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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Yuan W, Sun Z, Ji G, Hu H. Emerging roles of ferroptosis in male reproductive diseases. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:358. [PMID: 37770442 PMCID: PMC10539319 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01665-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of programmed cell death mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation that leads to excessive lipid peroxidation in different cells. Ferroptosis is distinct from other forms of cell death and is associated with various diseases. Iron is essential for spermatogenesis and male reproductive function. Therefore, it is not surprising that new evidence supports the role of ferroptosis in testicular injury. Although the molecular mechanism by which ferroptosis induces disease is unknown, several genes and pathways associated with ferroptosis have been linked to testicular dysfunction. In this review, we discuss iron metabolism, ferroptosis, and related regulatory pathways. In addition, we analyze the endogenous and exogenous factors of ferroptosis in terms of iron metabolism and testicular dysfunction, as well as summarize the relationship between ferroptosis and male reproductive dysfunction. Finally, we discuss potential strategies to target ferroptosis for treating male reproductive diseases and provide new directions for preventing male reproductive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Institute of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Zhibin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Guojie Ji
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
| | - Huanhuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation, School of Life Sciences and Technologies, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
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