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Nabi M, Tabassum N. Role of Environmental Toxicants on Neurodegenerative Disorders. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:837579. [PMID: 35647576 PMCID: PMC9131020 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.837579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration leads to the loss of structural and functioning components of neurons over time. Various studies have related neurodegeneration to a number of degenerative disorders. Neurological repercussions of neurodegeneration can have severe impacts on the physical and mental health of patients. In the recent past, various neurodegenerative ailments such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s illnesses have received global consideration owing to their global occurrence. Environmental attributes have been regarded as the main contributors to neural dysfunction-related disorders. The majority of neurological diseases are mainly related to prenatal and postnatal exposure to industrially produced environmental toxins. Some neurotoxic metals, like lead (Pb), aluminium (Al), Mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As), and also pesticides and metal-based nanoparticles, have been implicated in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. The contaminants are known for their ability to produce senile or amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are the key features of these neurological dysfunctions. Besides, solvent exposure is also a significant contributor to neurological diseases. This study recapitulates the role of environmental neurotoxins on neurodegeneration with special emphasis on major neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masarat Nabi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Masarat Nabi, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6498; Nahida Tabassum,
| | - Nahida Tabassum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
- *Correspondence: Masarat Nabi, , orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6498; Nahida Tabassum,
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2
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Wu X, Yan R, Guan R, Du Y, Liu Y, Wu S, Zhu S, Song M, Hang T. Arsenic-Related Health Risk Assessment of Realgar-Containing NiuHuangJieDu Tablets in Healthy Volunteers Po Administration. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:761801. [PMID: 35069195 PMCID: PMC8776706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.761801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Realgar, an arsenic-containing traditional Chinese medicine of As2S2, has significant therapeutic effects for hundreds of years. NiuHuangJieDu tablets (NHJDT) is one of the most commonly prescribed realgar-containing preparations for the treatment of sore throat, swelling, and aching of gums. However, realgar-containing TCMs raise great safety concerns due to the adverse effects reported by arsenic poisoning. In this study, the arsenic-related health risk assessment of NHJDT was conducted in healthy volunteers after single and multiple doses oral administration. Blood, plasma, and urine samples were collected after dosing at predetermined time points or periods. Simple, rapid, and sensitive methods were established for the quantification of total arsenic and arsenic speciation in biological samples. The total arsenic and arsenic speciation were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) and high-performance liquid chromatography–hydride generation–atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-HG-AFS), respectively. No significant fluctuation of total arsenic was observed in human blood, and no traces of arsenic speciation were found in human plasma. Dimethylarsenic acid was detected as the predominated arsenic species in human urine after dosing. Therapeutic dose administration of NHJDT was relatively safe in single dose for the limited blood arsenic exposure, but long-term medication may still pose health risks due to the accumulation of arsenics in blood and its extremely slow excretion rate. Therefore, arsenic exposure should be carefully monitored during realgar-containing TCM medication, especially for long-term regimen. The results obtained in this study will provide scientific references for the clinical application of realgar and its-containing TCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wu
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoning Yan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuexin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Taijun Hang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Zhou L, Liu H, Liu K, Wei S. Gold Compounds and the Anticancer Immune Response. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:739481. [PMID: 34588987 PMCID: PMC8473785 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.739481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold compounds are not only well-explored for cytotoxic effects on tumors, but are also known to interact with the cancer immune system. The immune system deploys innate and adaptive mechanisms to protect against pathogens and prevent malignant transformation. The combined action of gold compounds with the activated immune system has shown promising results in cancer therapy through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Gold compounds are known to induce innate immune responses; however, these responses may contribute to adaptive immune responses. Gold compounds play the role of a major hapten that acts synergistically in innate immunity. Gold compounds support cancer cell antigenicity and promote anti-tumor immune response by inducing the release of CRT, ATP, HMGB1, HSP, and NKG2D to enhance immunogenicity. Gold compounds affect various immune cells (including suppressor regulatory T cells), inhibit myeloid derived suppressor cells, and enhance the function and number of dendritic cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have potential for improving the effect of immunotherapy and reducing the toxicity and side effects of the treatment process. Thus, AuNPs provide an ideal opportunity for exploring the combination of anticancer gold compounds and immunotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kui Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Xiu J, Liu Y, Wang B, Xue Y, Chen M, Ji T, Liu H. Quantitative toxicological study of dose-dependent arsenic-induced cells via synchrotron-based STXM and FTIR measurement. Analyst 2020; 145:4560-4568. [PMID: 32432235 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00346h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a well-known naturally occurring metalloid with abundant hazards to our environment, especially being a human carcinogen through arsenic-contaminated drinking water. The iAs-related contamination is usually examined by a chemical assay system or fluorescence staining technique to investigate iAs accumulation and its deleterious effects. In this work, we present a dual-modality measurement and quantitative analysis methods for the overall evaluation of various dose-dependent iAs-related cytotoxicological manifestations by the combination of the synchrotron-radiation-based scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (SR-STXM) and Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy (SR-FTIR) techniques. The gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) based machine learning was employed on SR-STXM data to quantify the cytomorphological feature changes and the dose-dependent iAs-induced feature classifications with increasing doses. The infrared spectral absorption peaks and changes of dose-dependent iAs-induced cells were obtained by the SR-FTIR technique and classified by the multi-spectral-variate principle component analysis (PCA-LDA) method, showing the separated spatial distribution of dose-dependent groups. In addition, the quantitative comparisons of trivalent and pentavalent iAs under high dose conditions (iAsIII_H & iAsV_H) demonstrated that iAsIII_H and its compounds were more toxic than iAsV_H. This method has a potential in providing the morphological and spectral characteristics evolution of the iAs-related cells or particles, revealing the actual risk of arsenic contamination and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junshan Xiu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
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5
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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6
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Samad A, Ahsan S, Tateishi I, Furukawa M, Katsumata H, Suzuki T, Kaneco S. Indirect photocatalytic reduction of arsenate to arsenite in aqueous solution with TiO 2 in the presence of hole scavengers. Chin J Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Sun Y, Liu G, Cai Y. Thiolated arsenicals in arsenic metabolism: Occurrence, formation, and biological implications. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 49:59-73. [PMID: 28007180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a notoriously toxic pollutant of health concern worldwide with potential risk of cancer induction, but meanwhile it is used as medicines for the treatment of different conditions including hematological cancers. Arsenic can undergo extensive metabolism in biological systems, and both toxicological and therapeutic effects of arsenic compounds are closely related to their metabolism. Recent studies have identified methylated thioarsenicals as a new class of arsenic metabolites in biological systems after exposure of inorganic and organic arsenicals, including arsenite, dimethylarsinic acid (DMAV), dimethylarsinous glutathione (DMAIIIGS), and arsenosugars. The increasing detection of thiolated arsenicals, including monomethylmonothioarsonic acid (MMMTAV), dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTAV) and its glutathione conjugate (DMMTAVGS), and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTAV) suggests that thioarsenicals may be important metabolites and play important roles in arsenic toxicity and therapeutic effects. Here we summarized the reported occurrence of thioarsenicals in biological systems, the possible formation pathways of thioarsenicals, and their toxicity, and discussed the biological implications of thioarsenicals on arsenic metabolism, toxicity, and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Sun
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guangliang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yong Cai
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry&Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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8
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Horibe Y, Adachi S, Yasuda I, Yamauchi T, Kawaguchi J, Kozawa O, Shimizu M, Moriwaki H. Anticancer effect of arsenite on cell migration, cell cycle and apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:177-182. [PMID: 27347121 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer is chemotherapy, but its clinical outcome remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, the development of novel treatments for this malignancy is urgently required. In the present study, the anticancer effect of arsenite on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced migration, cell cycle and apoptosis was investigated in pancreatic cancer cells (AsPC-1 and BxPC-3), and compared with the effect on normal pancreatic epithelial (PE) cells. In the cell migration assay, arsenite clearly inhibited PDGF-BB-induced cell migration in AsPC-1 cells, but not in BxPC-3 or PE cells. Arsenite also caused cell apoptosis in AsPC-1 cells, but not in BxPC-3 or PE cells. In AsPC-1 cells, the levels of cyclin D1 and phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein decreased following treatment with arsenite, but this was not observed in BxPC-3 cells. To further examine the differences between these two cell lines, the effect of arsenite on upstream p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Akt was investigated. PDGF-BB caused phosphorylation of p44/p42 MAPK and Akt in both cell lines. Pretreatment with arsenite significantly suppressed PDGF-BB-induced phosphorylation of Akt, but not of p44/p42 MAPK in AsPC-1 cells. By contrast, arsenite did not affect these molecules in BxPC-3 cells. Since the inhibition of the Akt signaling pathway markedly reduced PDGF-BB-induced migration in AsPC-1 cells, the present results strongly suggest that arsenite inhibits PDGF-BB-induced migration by suppressing the Akt signaling pathway in AsPC-1 cells. Therefore, arsenite may be a useful tool for the treatment of patients with certain types of pancreatic cancer, without causing adverse effects on normal pancreatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Horibe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Seiji Adachi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Junji Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Osamu Kozawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hisataka Moriwaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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9
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Recent advances in the characterization of hair of mummies from the Chilean Andean coast. Forensic Sci Int 2015; 249:25-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Anwar-Mohamed A, Elshenawy OH, Soshilov AA, Denison MS, Chris Le X, Klotz LO, El-Kadi AOS. Methylated pentavalent arsenic metabolites are bifunctional inducers, as they induce cytochrome P450 1A1 and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase through AhR- and Nrf2-dependent mechanisms. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 67:171-87. [PMID: 24161444 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ultimately leads to the induction of the carcinogen-activating enzyme cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and activation of the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in addition to the AhR pathway induces the expression of the NADP(H):quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1). Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of As(III) pentavalent metabolites, MMA(V), DMA(V), and TMA(V), on AhR and Nrf2 activation and on the expression of their prototypical downstream targets CYP1A1 and NQO1, respectively. Our results showed that treatment of HepG2 cells with MMA(V), DMA(V), or TMA(V) in the absence and presence of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin or sulforaphane significantly induced both CYP1A1 and NQO1 at the mRNA, protein, and catalytic activity levels. Furthermore, these metabolites increased the AhR-dependent XRE-driven and the Nrf2-dependent ARE-driven luciferase reporter activities, which coincided with increased nuclear accumulation of both transcription factors. However, none of these metabolites were shown to be AhR ligands. The induction of CYP1A1 by these metabolites seems to be ligand-independent, possibly through a decrease in HSP90 protein expression levels. The metabolites also increased ROS production, which was significantly higher than that produced by As(III). Upon knockdown of AhR and Nrf2 the MMA(V)-, DMA(V)-, and TMA(V)-mediated induction of both CYP1A1 and NQO1 proteins was significantly decreased. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that methylated pentavalent arsenic metabolites are bifunctional inducers, as they increase CYP1A1 by activating the AhR/XRE signaling pathway and they increase NQO1 by activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in addition to the AhR/XRE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Anwar-Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - Osama H Elshenawy
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - Anatoly A Soshilov
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Michael S Denison
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - X Chris Le
- Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G3
| | - Lars-Oliver Klotz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2E1; College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha 02713, Qatar.
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Kakoulli I, Prikhodko SV, Fischer C, Cilluffo M, Uribe M, Bechtel HA, Fakra SC, Marcus MA. Distribution and Chemical Speciation of Arsenic in Ancient Human Hair Using Synchrotron Radiation. Anal Chem 2013; 86:521-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4024439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kakoulli
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, PO Box 951595, Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, United States
- Cotsen
Institute of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, A210 Fowler Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1510, United States
| | - Sergey V. Prikhodko
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, PO Box 951595, Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, United States
| | - Christian Fischer
- Materials
Science and Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, PO Box 951595, Engineering V, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1595, United States
- Cotsen
Institute of Archaeology, University of California Los Angeles, A210 Fowler Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1510, United States
| | - Marianne Cilluffo
- Department
of Integrative Biology and Physiology, 1031 Terasaki Life Sciences Building, PO Box 957239, University of California Los Angeles, CA 90095-7230, United States
| | - Mauricio Uribe
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Chile, Av. Capitán Ignacio Carrera Pinto N°1045, Ñuñoa, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Hans A. Bechtel
- Advanced
Light
Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 6-2100, Berkeley, CA 94720-8226, United States
| | - Sirine C. Fakra
- Advanced
Light
Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 6-2100, Berkeley, CA 94720-8226, United States
| | - Matthew A. Marcus
- Advanced
Light
Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 6-2100, Berkeley, CA 94720-8226, United States
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12
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Cohen SM, Arnold LL, Beck BD, Lewis AS, Eldan M. Evaluation of the carcinogenicity of inorganic arsenic. Crit Rev Toxicol 2013; 43:711-52. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.827152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Schmeisser S, Schmeisser K, Weimer S, Groth M, Priebe S, Fazius E, Kuhlow D, Pick D, Einax JW, Guthke R, Platzer M, Zarse K, Ristow M. Mitochondrial hormesis links low-dose arsenite exposure to lifespan extension. Aging Cell 2013; 12:508-17. [PMID: 23534459 PMCID: PMC3709120 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenite is one of the most toxic chemical substances known and is assumed to exert detrimental effects on viability even at lowest concentrations. By contrast and unlike higher concentrations, we here find that exposure to low-dose arsenite promotes growth of cultured mammalian cells. In the nematode C. elegans, low-dose arsenite promotes resistance against thermal and chemical stressors and extends lifespan of this metazoan, whereas higher concentrations reduce longevity. While arsenite causes a transient increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in C. elegans, co-exposure to ROS scavengers prevents the lifespan-extending capabilities of arsenite, indicating that transiently increased ROS levels act as transducers of arsenite effects on lifespan, a process known as mitohormesis. This requires two transcription factors, namely DAF-16 and SKN-1, which employ the metallothionein MTL-2 as well as the mitochondrial transporter TIN-9.1 to extend lifespan. Taken together, low-dose arsenite extends lifespan, providing evidence for nonlinear dose-response characteristics of toxin-mediated stress resistance and longevity in a multicellular organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schmeisser
- Department of Human Nutrition Institute of Nutrition University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
- Leibniz Graduate School of Aging Leibniz Institute for Age Research Fritz‐Lipmann‐Institute D‐07745Jena Germany
| | - Kathrin Schmeisser
- Department of Human Nutrition Institute of Nutrition University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
| | - Sandra Weimer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbrücke D‐14558Nuthetal Germany
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich Schwerzenbach/Zürich CH 8603Switzerland
| | - Marco Groth
- Genome Analysis Group Leibniz Institute for Age Research Fritz‐Lipmann‐Institute D‐07745Jena Germany
| | - Steffen Priebe
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Group Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans‐Knöll‐Institute D‐07745 Jena Germany
| | - Eugen Fazius
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Group Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans‐Knöll‐Institute D‐07745 Jena Germany
| | - Doreen Kuhlow
- Department of Human Nutrition Institute of Nutrition University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbrücke D‐14558Nuthetal Germany
| | - Denis Pick
- Department of Environmental Analysis Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
| | - Jürgen W. Einax
- Department of Environmental Analysis Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
| | - Reinhard Guthke
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Group Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans‐Knöll‐Institute D‐07745 Jena Germany
| | - Matthias Platzer
- Genome Analysis Group Leibniz Institute for Age Research Fritz‐Lipmann‐Institute D‐07745Jena Germany
| | - Kim Zarse
- Department of Human Nutrition Institute of Nutrition University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich Schwerzenbach/Zürich CH 8603Switzerland
| | - Michael Ristow
- Department of Human Nutrition Institute of Nutrition University of Jena D‐07743Jena Germany
- Department of Clinical Nutrition German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam‐Rehbrücke D‐14558Nuthetal Germany
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich Schwerzenbach/Zürich CH 8603Switzerland
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14
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Bomhard EM, Gelbke HP, Schenk H, Williams GM, Cohen SM. Evaluation of the carcinogenicity of gallium arsenide. Crit Rev Toxicol 2013; 43:436-66. [DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2013.792329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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15
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Kruger MC, Bertin PN, Heipieper HJ, Arsène-Ploetze F. Bacterial metabolism of environmental arsenic--mechanisms and biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:3827-41. [PMID: 23546422 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic causes threats for environmental and human health in numerous places around the world mainly due to its carcinogenic potential at low doses. Removing arsenic from contaminated sites is hampered by the occurrence of several oxidation states with different physicochemical properties. The actual state of arsenic strongly depends on its environment whereby microorganisms play important roles in its geochemical cycle. Due to its toxicity, nearly all organisms possess metabolic mechanisms to resist its hazardous effects, mainly by active extrusion, but also by extracellular precipitation, chelation, and intracellular sequestration. Some microbes are even able to actively use various arsenic compounds in their metabolism, either as an electron donor or as a terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. Some microorganisms can also methylate inorganic arsenic, probably as a resistance mechanism, or demethylate organic arsenicals. Bioavailability of arsenic in water and sediments is strongly influenced by such microbial activities. Therefore, understanding microbial reactions to arsenic is of importance for the development of technologies for improved bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated waters and environments. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge on bacterial interactions with arsenic and on biotechnologies for its detoxification and removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Kruger
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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16
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Kempson IM, Chien CC, Chung CY, Hwu Y, Paterson D, de Jonge MD, Howard DL. Fate of intravenously administered gold nanoparticles in hair follicles: follicular delivery, pharmacokinetic interpretation, and excretion. Adv Healthc Mater 2012. [PMID: 23184825 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are intravenously administered to mice. Deposition at the pilosebacious unit and whiskers is visualized with X-ray fluorescence after 30 minutes and 14 days. After 30 minutes the dermal papilla, bulge region, and root sheath all contain NPs. GNPs are driven externally out from follicles, counteractive to transfollicular delivery. After 14 days, gold bands in hairs reflect pharmacokinetic profiles indicating blood concentration kinetics. Elimination rate constants infer half-lives from 3 hairs from an individual mouse within reasonable agreement (6.08, 7.15, and 8.66 hours). 3D reconstruction of NP distributions with confocal microscopy identifies aggregates within the medullary canal. Intermittent NP deposition continues randomly over the two week period demonstrating prolonged NP mobility in vivo. NPs are still retained at the hair bulb after 14 days. The observations further account for the excretory mechanisms of NPs and their behavior in the pilosebacous unit, and demonstrate monitoring pharmacokinetic behavior in individual animals.
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17
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Mathews VV, Paul MVS, Abhilash M, Manju A, Abhilash S, Nair RH. Mitigation of hepatotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide through omega-3 fatty acid in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 30:806-13. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233712463778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) is an effective drug in the treatment of leukaemia and many solid tumours. In clinical trials, arsenic therapy is closely associated with hepatic toxicity. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid against As2O3-induced hepatotoxicity. A 4 mg/kg body weight (bw) of As2O3 was orally administered to Wistar male rats for 45 days. Hepatotoxicity was evaluated by biochemical tests, antioxidant assays and histopathological examinations. Arsenic accumulation was found in the liver tissue of rats treated with As2O3. Hepatoprotective efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid was analysed by the combination therapy with As2O3. In vivo studies revealed a significant rise in lipid peroxidation with concomitant decline in reduced glutathione, glutathione-dependant antioxidant enzymes and antiperoxidative enzymes in the liver tissue of rats treated with arsenic. The supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw with As2O3 offers ameliorative effect against hepatocellular toxicity. Omega-3 fatty acid maintained hepatic marker enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation. The combination treatment clearly reduced the hepatic structural abnormalities such as haemorrhage, necrosis and cholangiofibrosis in the rats treated with arsenic. This study concludes that the omega-3 fatty acid might be useful for the protection against As2O3-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varghese V Mathews
- Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - MV Sauganth Paul
- Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - M Abhilash
- Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - Alex Manju
- Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - S Abhilash
- Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India
| | - R Harikumaran Nair
- Physiology Research Laboratory, School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P.D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India
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18
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Paunesku T, Wanzer MB, Kirillova EN, Muksinova KN, Revina VS, Lyubchansky ER, Grosche B, Birschwilks M, Vogt S, Finney L, Woloschak GE. X-ray fluorescence microscopy for investigation of archival tissues. HEALTH PHYSICS 2012; 103:181-186. [PMID: 22951477 PMCID: PMC3716449 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e31824e7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Several recent efforts in the radiation biology community worldwide have amassed records and archival tissues from animals exposed to different radionuclides and external beam irradiation. In most cases, these samples come from lifelong studies on large animal populations conducted in national laboratories and equivalent institutions throughout Europe, North America, and Japan. While many of these tissues were used for histopathological analyses, much more information may still be obtained from these samples. A new technique suitable for imaging of these tissues is x-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM). Following development of third generation synchrotrons, XFM has emerged as an ideal technique for the study of metal content, speciation, and localization in cells, tissues, and organs. Here the authors review some of the recent XFM literature pertinent to tissue sample studies and present examples of XFM data obtained from tissue sections of beagle dog samples, which show that the quality of archival tissues allows XFM investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Paunesku
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Avenue, Ward 13-007, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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19
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Baldissarelli LA, Capiotti KM, Bogo MR, Ghisleni G, Bonan CD. Arsenic alters behavioral parameters and brain ectonucleotidases activities in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2012; 155:566-72. [PMID: 22265774 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) exposure has been associated with serious chronic health risk to humans including cancer and neurological disturbances. However, there are limited studies about the mechanisms behind its toxicity. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to several concentrations of As (0.05, 5, and 15 mg As/L; Na(2)HAsO(4) as As(V)) during 96 h to evaluate the zebrafish locomotor activity, anxiety, and brain extracellular nucleotide hydrolysis. We showed that 5 mg/L As is able to promote significant decrease in the locomotor activity as evaluated by the number of line crossings. In addition, animals treated with 5mg/L As presented an increase in time spent in the lower zone of the tank test, suggesting an anxiogenic effect. Considering that behavioral parameters, such as anxiety and locomotion, might be modulated by the purinergic system, we also evaluated the ectonucleotidase activities in zebrafish brain after a 96-h As exposure. A significant decrease in ATP, ADP, and AMP hydrolysis was observed at 0.05, 5, and 15 mg/L when compared to control group. These findings demonstrated that As might affect behavioral parameters and the ectonucleotidase activities in zebrafish, suggesting this enzyme pathway is a target for neurotoxic effects induced by As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Antonio Baldissarelli
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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20
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Brockman JD, Schell LA. A radiochemical method for neutron activation analysis of arsenic in biological samples and its potential use in epidemiology studies. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Dillon CT. Synchrotron Radiation Spectroscopic Techniques as Tools for the Medicinal Chemist: Microprobe X-Ray Fluorescence Imaging, X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, and Infrared Microspectroscopy. Aust J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ch11287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review updates the recent advances and applications of three prominent synchrotron radiation techniques, microprobe X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy/imaging, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and infrared microspectroscopy, and highlights how these tools are useful to the medicinal chemist. A brief description of the principles of the techniques is given with emphasis on the advantages of using synchrotron radiation-based instrumentation rather than instruments using typical laboratory radiation sources. This review focuses on several recent applications of these techniques to solve inorganic medicinal chemistry problems, focusing on studies of cellular uptake, distribution, and biotransformation of established and potential therapeutic agents. The importance of using these synchrotron-based techniques to assist the development of, or validate the chemistry behind, drug design is discussed.
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22
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Jungwirth U, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Hartinger CG, Berger W, Heffeter P. Anticancer activity of metal complexes: involvement of redox processes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 15:1085-127. [PMID: 21275772 PMCID: PMC3371750 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cells require tight regulation of the intracellular redox balance and consequently of reactive oxygen species for proper redox signaling and maintenance of metal (e.g., of iron and copper) homeostasis. In several diseases, including cancer, this balance is disturbed. Therefore, anticancer drugs targeting the redox systems, for example, glutathione and thioredoxin, have entered focus of interest. Anticancer metal complexes (platinum, gold, arsenic, ruthenium, rhodium, copper, vanadium, cobalt, manganese, gadolinium, and molybdenum) have been shown to strongly interact with or even disturb cellular redox homeostasis. In this context, especially the hypothesis of "activation by reduction" as well as the "hard and soft acids and bases" theory with respect to coordination of metal ions to cellular ligands represent important concepts to understand the molecular modes of action of anticancer metal drugs. The aim of this review is to highlight specific interactions of metal-based anticancer drugs with the cellular redox homeostasis and to explain this behavior by considering chemical properties of the respective anticancer metal complexes currently either in (pre)clinical development or in daily clinical routine in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Jungwirth
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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23
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Kempson IM, Lombi E. Hair analysis as a biomonitor for toxicology, disease and health status. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3915-40. [PMID: 21468435 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hair analysis receives a large amount of academic and commercial interest for wide-ranging applications. However, in many instances, especially for elemental or 'mineral' analysis, the degree of success of analytical interpretation has been quite minimal with respect to the extent of such endeavors. In this critical review we address the questions surrounding hair analysis with specific intent of discovering what hair concentrations can actually relate to in a biogenic sense. This is done from a chemistry perspective to explain why and how elements are incorporated into hair and their meaning. This includes an overview of variables attributed to altering hair concentrations, such as age, gender, melanin content, and other less reported factors. Hair elemental concentrations are reviewed with regard to morbidity, with specific examples of disease related effects summarized. The application of hair analysis for epidemiology and etiology studies is enforced. A section is dedicated specifically to the area of population studies with regards to mercury, which highlights how endogenous and exogenous incorporation relies on species dependant metabolism and metabolic products. Many of the considerations are relevant to other areas of interest in hair analysis, such as for drug and isotopic analysis. Inclusion of a table of elemental concentrations in hair should act as a valuable reference (298 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M Kempson
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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Kempson I, Henry D. Determination of Arsenic Poisoning and Metabolism in Hair by Synchrotron Radiation: The Case of Phar Lap. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200906594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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25
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Kempson I, Henry D. Determination of Arsenic Poisoning and Metabolism in Hair by Synchrotron Radiation: The Case of Phar Lap. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:4237-40. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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