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Chen L, Zou ZH, Zhang PZ, Wang YH, Wang ZJ, Lin S, Tang CM, Luo GQ, Zhong JW, Li ZY, Wang Y. [ Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soils of a City in Guangdong Province Based on Source Oriented and Monte Carlo Models]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2024; 45:2983-2994. [PMID: 38629559 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202305270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Taking a city in Guangdong Province as the research area, the concentration and spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the surface soil were studied to clarify the situation of soil heavy metal pollution and priority control factors, providing basic data for the prevention and control of soil heavy metal pollution in the city. The content characteristics of heavy metals in 221 soil samples in the city were analyzed, and the potential health risk assessment and source analysis were carried out through the Monte Carlo model, the potential health risk assessment (HRA) model, and the PMF receptor model. It was found that heavy metals ω(As), ω(Hg), ω(Cd), ω(Pb), ω(Cr), ω(Cu), ω(Ni), and ω(Zn) in the soil of the city were 18.16, 0.43, 1.46, 68.57, 98.34, 64.19, 26.53, and 257.32 mg·kg-1, respectively, with a moderate to high degree of variation. Except for Ni concentration, the soil concentrations of other heavy metal elements exceeded the background values of soil in Guangdong Province to a certain extent, and the concentrations of Cd and Zn exceeded the national secondary standards, resulting in severe heavy metal pollution; the main sources of heavy metals were industrial sources, and natural parent materials, lead battery manufacturing, transportation, artificial cultivation, and pesticide and fertilizer inputs also had an undeniable impact on the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil. Heavy metals in the soil had a certain degree of tolerable carcinogenic health risk for both children and adults, whereas non-carcinogenic risks could be ignored. The potential health risk of children was greater than that of adults, and the main exposure route was through oral intake. The input sources of pesticides and fertilizers and As should be the main controlling factors for the health risks of heavy metals in the city's soil, followed by mixed sources and Cr. There were differences in the spatial distribution characteristics and relative pollution levels of heavy metals, and it is necessary to deepen zoning monitoring and control, strengthen soil pollution prevention and control, and reduce human input of heavy metals in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Chen
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Zi-Hang Zou
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
- School of Electronic Information and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Pei-Zhen Zhang
- School of Electronic Information and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
- School of Electronic Information and Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Zhen-Jiang Wang
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
- South China Urban Agriculture Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Cui-Ming Tang
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
- South China Urban Agriculture Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Guo-Qing Luo
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
- South China Urban Agriculture Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Jian-Wu Zhong
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Li
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Research Institute of Sericulture and Agricultural Products Processing, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510610, China
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Sun GL, Wu LP, Xu B, Gao YZ, Zhao XY, Ji YQ, Yang W. [Characteristics, Sources Apportionment, and Health Risks of PM 2.5-bound PAHs and Their Derivatives Before and After Heating in Zibo City]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2024; 45:2558-2570. [PMID: 38629521 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202304200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives are a global problem that influences the environment and threatens human health. To investigate the characteristics, sources, and health risk assessment of PM2.5-bound PAHs and their derivatives, PM2.5 were collected at an urban site in Zibo from November 5 to December 26, 2020, and the concentrations of 16 conventional PAHs, nine NPAHs, and five OPAHs in PM2.5 were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Source apportionment of PAHs and their derivatives was conducted using diagnostic ratios and a PMF model, and the health risks of PAHs and their derivatives to adult men and women were evaluated using the source-dependent incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) model. The results showed that the average concentrations of ∑16pPAHs, ∑9NPAHs, and ∑5OPAHs in PM2.5 of Zibo City during the sampling period were (41.61 ± 13.40), (6.38 ± 5.70), and (53.20 ± 53.47) ng·m-3, respectively. The concentrations of the three PAHs increased significantly after heating, which were 1.31, 2.04, and 5.24 times larger than those before heating. During the sampling period, Chr, BaP, and BaA were the dominant components of pPAHs; 9N-Ant and 2N-Flt + 3N-Flt were the dominant components of NPAHs; and ATQ and BZO were the dominant components of OPAHs. Source apportionment results showed that motor vehicles were the main source of PAHs and their derivatives in PM2.5 before heating, whereas after heating, the main sources were the mixed source of coal and biomass combustion and secondary formation. The total BaP equivalent (TEQ) was 14.5 ng·m-3 during the sampling period, and the TEQ increased significantly after heating, which was approximately 1.2 times of that before heating. Assisted by the individual PAH source apportionment results, the ILCR of PM2.5-boundPAHs and NPAHs in Zibo City had a certain potential carcinogenic risk for adult males (1.06 × 10-5) and females (9.32 × 10-6). Among them, the health risks of PAHs from gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, and coal/biomass combustion were significantly higher than those from other emission sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Li Sun
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Li-Ping Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Zibo Eco-Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yu-Zong Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xue-Yan Zhao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ya-Qin Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Yazıcı Karabulut B, Derin P, Demir Yetiş A, Yeşilnacar MIR. Health risk assessment in an area of dental fluorosis disease from high fluoride drinking water: a case study from southeastern Türkiye. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:2299-2314. [PMID: 37552837 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2243848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on identifying fluoride (F‒) concentrations and its health risk assessment (HRA) in drinking water sources in south-eastern Türkiye. Groundwater quality was assessed using some graphical approaches such as Schoeller and Piper diagrams and GIS mapping. Average daily exposure dosages through oral and dermal contact exposure routes were considered to determine the potential health risk of F‒ in groundwater. Groundwater samples were taken from 53 points in spring, summer, autumn, and winter seasons. The results showed that the average annual F‒ concentrations in water resources in the study area were 0.26‒3.62 mg/L. According to the HRA results, the highest F‒ health risk in this region was observed in children, followed by teenagers and adults. This study indicated that there is a strong relationship between the high health risk (4.28 > 3.5) in children and dental fluorosis caused by high F‒ concentration in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benan Yazıcı Karabulut
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
| | - Perihan Derin
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems 100/2000 CoHe PhD Scholar, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
| | - Ayşegül Demir Yetiş
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet I Rfan Yeşilnacar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Türkiye
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Mngadi S, Nomngongo PN, Moja S. Elemental composition and potential health risk of vegetable cultivated in residential area situated close to abandoned gold mine dump: Characteristics of soil quality on the vegetables. J Environ Sci Health B 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38619427 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2339779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The presence of toxic metals in residential areas near abandoned gold mine tailings is a major environmental issue. This study mainly aimed to investigate the elemental distribution of both toxic and essential elements in soils and leafy vegetables (Brassica oleracea) collected from eight different sites around the Davidsonville residential area, located closer to the abandoned Princess gold mine dump, Johannesburg, South Africa. The nutritional value of vegetables in the human diet was determined to assess their value to their health. The vegetables contained metals in the following descending order: Ca > Mg > Ca > Sb > Pb > Fe > Mo > Cr > Se > As > V > Ni > Co > Cd. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) revealed that vegetables tend to accumulate most metals even (toxic) during the transfer and translocation process. Based on the recommended daily allowance (%RDA) the vegetables showed to contribute 152%, 84% and 75% toward RDA for Se, V and Ca, respectively for most adults and these play a role in human metabolic activities. The vegetables were found to be a good source of essential elements (Ca, Mg, Ni, Na, Fe) but with some traces of toxic metals such as Pb, As and Sb. Based on the health risk assessment, the vegetable posed an adverse health hazard for human consumption due to metals with high HRI >1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihle Mngadi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Scientific Services, Laboratories, Chemical Sciences, uMngeni-uThukela Water, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative (DSI-NRF SARChI) in Nanotechnology for Water, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
- Department of Science and Innovation/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Shadung Moja
- Water and Environmental Unit & Applied Geoscience Division, Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa
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Damana S, Geletu AK, Keru IU. Levels and Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Khat and Its Support Soil in Algesachi, Ilu Ababor, Ethiopia. Environ Health Insights 2024; 18:11786302241246455. [PMID: 38628468 PMCID: PMC11020725 DOI: 10.1177/11786302241246455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Khat (Catha edulis Forsk) is a stimulant plant grown in East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Heavy metal pollution has been a global concern due to its acute and chronic health effects and the major route of exposure is the consumption of contaminated foods. In this study, the determination and health risk assessment of heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd, and Pb) in khat and its support soil samples was carried out. Materials and Methods Khat and its support soil were analyzed for the levels of 7 toxic heavy metals by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Samples were randomly collected from 3 districts of khat farming kebeles and digested using mixture of strong acids. Results The concentrations (mg/kg) of analytes in soil and khat samples were: Cu (6.78-35.80); Zn (24.30-199.02); Mn (7.59-1855.40); Ni (6.37-64.80); Cr (0.82-169.20); Cd (14.2-38.8), and Pb (ND). Among the analyzed heavy metals in soil, Mn was with the highest concentration, followed by Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Cd while that of Zn was the maximum followed by Cu, Mn, and Cr in khat. The levels of Zn, Cr, and Cd in soil samples from all study sites and detected concentrations of Cr in khat samples exceeded the recommended FAO/WHO levels. Conclusion The hazard index (HI) of metals in khat from study areas was less than 1 indicating a less likelihood of non-carcinogenic toxicological health effects. However, the presence of these toxic chemicals in soil and khat indicates product contamination and needs extensive further investigation involving other heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibiru Damana
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Abiyot Kelecha Geletu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mattu University, Mattu, Ethiopia
| | - Ibrahim Umer Keru
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Science, Oda Bultum University, Harar, Ethiopia
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Liu X, Turner JR, Oxford CR, McNeill J, Walsh B, Le Roy E, Weagle CL, Stone E, Zhu H, Liu W, Wei Z, Hyslop NP, Giacomo J, Dillner AM, Salam A, Hossen AA, Islam Z, Abboud I, Akoshile C, Amador-Muñoz O, Anh NX, Asfaw A, Balasubramanian R, Chang RYW, Coburn C, Dey S, Diner DJ, Dong J, Farrah T, Gahungu P, Garland RM, Grutter de la Mora M, Hasheminassab S, John J, Kim J, Kim JS, Langerman K, Lee PC, Lestari P, Liu Y, Mamo T, Martins M, Mayol-Bracero OL, Naidoo M, Park SS, Schechner Y, Schofield R, Tripathi SN, Windwer E, Wu MT, Zhang Q, Brauer M, Rudich Y, Martin RV. Elemental Characterization of Ambient Particulate Matter for a Globally Distributed Monitoring Network: Methodology and Implications. ACS EST Air 2024; 1:283-293. [PMID: 38633206 PMCID: PMC11020157 DOI: 10.1021/acsestair.3c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Global ground-level measurements of elements in ambient particulate matter (PM) can provide valuable information to understand the distribution of dust and trace elements, assess health impacts, and investigate emission sources. We use X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the elemental composition of PM samples collected from 27 globally distributed sites in the Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network (SPARTAN) over 2019-2023. Consistent protocols are applied to collect all samples and analyze them at one central laboratory, which facilitates comparison across different sites. Multiple quality assurance measures are performed, including applying reference materials that resemble typical PM samples, acceptance testing, and routine quality control. Method detection limits and uncertainties are estimated. Concentrations of dust and trace element oxides (TEO) are determined from the elemental dataset. In addition to sites in arid regions, a moderately high mean dust concentration (6 μg/m3) in PM2.5 is also found in Dhaka (Bangladesh) along with a high average TEO level (6 μg/m3). High carcinogenic risk (>1 cancer case per 100000 adults) from airborne arsenic is observed in Dhaka (Bangladesh), Kanpur (India), and Hanoi (Vietnam). Industries of informal lead-acid battery and e-waste recycling as well as coal-fired brick kilns likely contribute to the elevated trace element concentrations found in Dhaka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Liu
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jay R. Turner
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Christopher R. Oxford
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jacob McNeill
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Brenna Walsh
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Emmie Le Roy
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Crystal L. Weagle
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Emily Stone
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Haihui Zhu
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Zilin Wei
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Nicole P. Hyslop
- Air
Quality Research Center, University of California
Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jason Giacomo
- Air
Quality Research Center, University of California
Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ann M. Dillner
- Air
Quality Research Center, University of California
Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Abdus Salam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Al-amin Hossen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Zubayer Islam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ihab Abboud
- Air
Quality Research Division, Environment and
Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario M3H 5T4, Canada
| | - Clement Akoshile
- Department
of Physics, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 240003, Nigeria
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Instituto
de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Nguyen Xuan Anh
- Institute
of Geophysics, Vietnam Academy of Science
and Technology, Hanoi 11307, Vietnam
| | - Araya Asfaw
- Institute
of Geophysics and Space Science, Addis Ababa
University, Addis
Ababa 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Rajasekhar Balasubramanian
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Rachel Ying-Wen Chang
- Department
of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Craig Coburn
- Department
of Geography and Environment, University
of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Sagnik Dey
- Centre
for Atmospheric Sciences, Indian Institute
of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - David J. Diner
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Jinlu Dong
- School
of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tareq Farrah
- Research
Laboratories, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Paterne Gahungu
- Institute
of Applied Statistics, University of Burundi, Bujumbura BP1550, Burundi
| | - Rebecca M. Garland
- Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Unit
for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
- Department
of Geography, Geo-Informatics and Meteorology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Michel Grutter de la Mora
- Instituto
de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Sina Hasheminassab
- Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute
of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, United States
| | - Juanette John
- Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Jhoon Kim
- Department
of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Sung Kim
- Department
of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Kristy Langerman
- Department
of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
| | - Pei-Chen Lee
- Department
of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Puji Lestari
- Faculty
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yang Liu
- Gangarosa
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tesfaye Mamo
- Physics
Department, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Mathieu Martins
- Research
Laboratories, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Olga L. Mayol-Bracero
- Department
of Environmental Science, University of
Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, United States
| | - Mogesh Naidoo
- Council for Scientific
and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Sang Seo Park
- Department
of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoav Schechner
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Technion Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Robyn Schofield
- School
of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Sachchida N. Tripathi
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Eli Windwer
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- PhD
Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department
of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University
Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department
of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael Brauer
- School
of Population and Public Health, University
of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Yinon Rudich
- Department
of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Department
of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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Andemo kotacho A, Yimer GT, Sota SS, Berego YS. Level of Heavy Metals in Fish and Associated Human Health Risk From the Omo Delta in Southern Ethiopia: A First-Hand Report. Environ Health Insights 2024; 18:11786302241238180. [PMID: 38495796 PMCID: PMC10943709 DOI: 10.1177/11786302241238180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study was the first to investigate the levels of heavy metals in commercially important fish species (Lates niloticus and Oreochromis niloticus) and the human health risk in Southern Ethiopia. Sixty fish samples were collected from the Omo delta. The target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TCR) were used to estimate the human health risks. The mean levels of heavy metals detected in the liver and muscle of Lates niloticus generally occurred in the order of Fe> Zn > Pb > Cu >Mn> Cr > Co > Ni and Fe > Pb > Zn >Mn > Cu > Co > Cr >Ni, respectively. Similarly, the mean levels of iron in the muscle and liver tissues of Oreochromis niloticus were in the order of Fe > Pb > Zn >Mn> Cu > Cr > Co > Ni and Pb > Fe > Zn >Mn> Co > Cu > Ni, respectively. The THQs in the muscle of L. niloticus and O. niloticus decreased in the order Pb > Cr > Cu >Mn> Co > Zn > Fe> Ni and Pb >Mn> Co > Cu > Zn > Ni> Fe respectively. Pb had the highest THQ value in L. niloticus and O. niloticus, which were 0.61 and 0.409, respectively in adult. Similarly, Pb had noted that, L. niloticus and O. niloticus had the highest THQ values, at 0.87 and 0.58, respectively in children. The HI values due to consumption of L. niloticus muscle were 0.668 for adults and 0.942 for children. The mean concentrations of Pb and Cr in the tissues of L. niloticus and O. niloticus were above the FAO/WHO permissible limits. Consequently, investigating heavy metal pollution levels in fish and human health risks from the Omo delta is imperative for addressing environmental and public health concerns.
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Li J, Li X, Li KM, Jiao L, Tai XS, Zang F, Cao SZ. [Characteristics and Identification Priority Source of Heavy Metals Pollution in Farmland Soils in the Yellow River Basin]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2024; 45:1724-1738. [PMID: 38471884 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202305211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Assessments of the soil environmental quality of farmland and pollution source apportionment are the foundation for ensuring national food security and agricultural sustainable development, as well as an important prerequisite for the pursuit to keep our lands clean. This study evaluated the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2023, based on the data of heavy metal contents including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, using the geo-accumulation index method. Source apportionment was conducted by employing a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The probabilistic health risks were evaluated by coupling Monte Carlo simulation with a human health risk assessment model, and priority pollution sources and elements were identified. The results showed that:① the average content of all heavy metals in farmland soils within the study area was lower than the screening values specified in the soil environment quality risk control standard for soil contamination of agriculture land (GB 15618-2018) (pH>7.5). However, the contents of Cd, As, and Zn in the samples exceeded their screening values, with percentages of 21.69%, 5.56%, and 1.23%, respectively, with Cd having the highest rate of exceedance. ② Hg and Cd were moderately polluted, Cu and Pb were slightly polluted, and the other elements were not polluted. ③ The main sources of heavy metals in farmland soil were traffic-industrial sources, natural-agricultural sources, industrial-natural sources, and agricultural-industrial sources, with contribution rates of 37.04%, 26.69%, 21.72%, and 14.55%, respectively. ④ Heavy metals in farmland soil posed carcinogenic health risks to adults and children but did not have non-carcinogenic risks; As and Cd were priority control elements for human health risks, and industrial-natural sources and agricultural-industrial sources were priority control sources in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Kai-Ming Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Liang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Tai
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Fei Zang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Su-Zhen Cao
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Du HX, Ren LH, Zhao MS, Han HX, Xu YS. [Characterization of Metal Elements in Atmospheric PM 2.5 and Health Risk Assessment in Heze in Winter from 2017 to 2018]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2024; 45:1361-1370. [PMID: 38471852 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202304185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric PM2.5 samples were collected in Heze, Shandong Province, from a total of three sampling sites at Heze College, Huarun Pharmacy, and a wastewater treatment plant between October 15, 2017 and January 31, 2018, to determine the concentrations of 21 metal elements in PM2.5 using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The degree of elemental enrichment was also discussed, the health risks and potential heavy metal ecological risks were assessed. The results showed that ρ (PM2.5) ranged from 26.7 to 284.1 μg·m-3 at the three sampling sites during the sampling period, and the concentration values did not differ significantly, all of which were at high pollution levels. The highest concentrations of K were found in the three sampling sites, accounting for 31.03%, 39.47%, and 38.43% of the total, respectively, mainly due to the high contribution of biomass burning in autumn and winter in Heze, a large agricultural city. The highest concentrations of Zn, 89.70, 84.21, and 67.68 ng·m-3, were found in the trace elements at the three sampling sites, respectively. The enrichment factor results showed that the enrichment factor values of Zn, Pb, Sn, Sb, Cd, and Se were higher than 100, among which the enrichment factors of Cd and Se were higher than 2 000 and 4 000, respectively, which were significantly influenced by anthropogenic activities and might have been related to industrial production, metal smelting, road sources, and coal combustion emissions. The health risk results showed that there was some potential non-carcinogenic risk (HQ>0.1 for children and adults) for As and a combined potential non-carcinogenic risk (HI>0.1) and some potential carcinogenic risk (CRT>1×10-6) for both children and adults at the three sampling sites. There was a more significant carcinogenic risk (CRT>1×10-4) for adults at the wastewater treatment plant, and the slightly higher carcinogenic risk for adults than that for children may have been related to the longer outdoor activity and higher PM2.5 exposure for adults. The elements with the highest potential ecological risk values were Cd, As, and Pb, with Cd exhibiting a very high potential ecological risk that should be taken seriously. All three sampling sites showed a very high combined potential ecological risk, with the intensity spatially expressed as Heze College>Huarun Pharmacy>wastewater treatment plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xuan Du
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Li-Hong Ren
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Zhao
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Hui-Xia Han
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yi-Sheng Xu
- Institute of Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Su J, Yang L, Sun Z, Zhan X. Personalized Drug Therapy: Innovative Concept Guided With Proteoformics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100737. [PMID: 38354979 PMCID: PMC10950891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Personalized medicine can reduce adverse effects, enhance drug efficacy, and optimize treatment outcomes, which represents the essence of personalized medicine in the pharmacy field. Protein drugs are crucial in the field of personalized drug therapy and are currently the mainstay, which possess higher target specificity and biological activity than small-molecule chemical drugs, making them efficient in regulating disease-related biological processes, and have significant potential in the development of personalized drugs. Currently, protein drugs are designed and developed for specific protein targets based on patient-specific protein data. However, due to the rapid development of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, it is now widely recognized that a canonical protein actually includes multiple proteoforms, and the differences between these proteoforms will result in varying responses to drugs. The variation in the effects of different proteoforms can be significant and the impact can even alter the intended benefit of a drug, potentially making it harmful instead of lifesaving. As a result, we propose that protein drugs should shift from being targeted through the lens of protein (proteomics) to being targeted through the lens of proteoform (proteoformics). This will enable the development of personalized protein drugs that are better equipped to meet patients' specific needs and disease characteristics. With further development in the field of proteoformics, individualized drug therapy, especially personalized protein drugs aimed at proteoforms as a drug target, will improve the understanding of disease mechanisms, discovery of new drug targets and signaling pathways, provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs, aid doctors in conducting health risk assessments and making more cost-effective targeted prevention strategies conducted by artificial intelligence/machine learning, promote technological innovation, and provide more convenient treatment tailored to individualized patient profile, which will benefit the affected individuals and society at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Su
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lamei Yang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziran Sun
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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11
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Qin C, Wang X, Du L, Yang L, Jiao Y, Jiang D, Zhang X, Zhang T, Gao X. Heavy metals in meat products from Shandong, China and risk assessment. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2024; 17:56-65. [PMID: 38093555 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2023.2286008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
In this study 13 heavy metals were analysed in representative livestock meat, poultry meat, livestock offal and poultry offal samples (20 per category) from marketplaces and retail stores in 16 cities in Shandong province, China. The investigated heavy metals were Cu, Cr, V, Ni, As, Se, Sn, Cd, Pb, Sb, Mn, Ba and Hg. Results revealed mean levels of total heavy metals in meat and offal of 1.56 mg/kg and 39.8 mg/kg, respectively. Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Se, Ba and Pb were found in all samples (100%), followed by Hg (95.0%), V (91.3%), Sn (73.8%), Cd (51.3%), As (21.3%) and Sb (11.3%). Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values showed that high meat intake can cause potential health risks. Thus, continuous monitoring of health risks and trends of heavy metals in meat products is needed, both for food safety and consumer's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Lei Du
- Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Luping Yang
- Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Jiao
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
- Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Dafeng Jiang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
- Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Tianliang Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xibao Gao
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
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12
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Ham S, Hamadi K, Zergui A, Djouad ME. Multi-element analysis of food dyes and assessment of consumer's health. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2024; 17:28-34. [PMID: 37982364 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2023.2278807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed metallic contaminants levels in food colourings using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 51 samples of food dyes marketed in Algeria. The analysed samples were contaminated with lead (0.77 ± 0.034), arsenic (0.008 ± 0.006), cadmium (0.102 ± 0.047), cobalt (0.017 ± 0.008), copper (0.025 ± 0.011), chromium (0.820 ± 0.051), and nickel (0.022 ± 0.009) µg g-1. Mercury constituted a minor contaminant (<0.001 to 0.002 µg g-1). Turmeric and saffron were the most contaminated with Pb, As, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, and Ni (p < 0.05). Health risk assessment revealed that infant population presents adverse non-carcinogenic effects (THQ = 4.25) and carcinogenic risk (HI = 4.65) linked to the consumption of food dyes contaminated with Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Ham
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Chlef, Ouled Fares, Algeria
| | - Karima Hamadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Chlef, Ouled Fares, Algeria
| | | | - Mokhtar Eddine Djouad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Chlef, Ouled Fares, Algeria
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Mohammadpour A, Gharehchahi E, Narooie MR, Derakhshan Z, Aliyeva A, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Nitrates in industrial and traditional tomato paste from Arsenjan City, Iran: a health risk assessment study. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1638-1651. [PMID: 37399369 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2231367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive approach was used for the first time to measure NO3- risk in tomato paste consumption; besides a robust deterministic and probabilistic method was used. The mean levels of NO3- in homemade and industrial tomato paste were 7.36 mg/kg and 43.69 mg/kg, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulation confirmed that these values were below normal levels (HQ less than 1). The sensitivity analysis displayed that FIR was the main factor affecting the risk to human health in both groups. The interactive plot demonstrated the interaction between C and IR for children and adults in both types of tomato paste. This study concludes that NO3- ingestion due to tomato paste consumption poses no significant health risk. However, considering that food and water constitute the primary sources of NO3- intake, continuous monitoring is recommended due to potential health risks associated with excessive NO3- consumption, including certain forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mohammadpour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Ehsan Gharehchahi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Narooie
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Zahra Derakhshan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aynura Aliyeva
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Grządka E, Bastrzyk A, Orzeł J, Oszczak-Nowińska A, Fliszkiewicz B, Siemieniuk M, Sobczyński K, Spławski O, Gołębiowska K, Ronda O, Cieślik BM. Do You Know What You Drink? Comparative Research on the Contents of Radioisotopes and Heavy Metals in Different Types of Tea from Various Parts of the World. Foods 2024; 13:742. [PMID: 38472854 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the potential health risks of radioactive elements and heavy metals ingested through the consumption of various types of tea imported to the Polish market (black, green, red, oolong and white). The concentrations [Bq/kg] of radionuclides (40K, 137Cs, 226Ra, 210Pb and 228Th) in tea leaves before and after brewing were measured using γ-ray spectrometry with high-purity germanium (HPGe). The concentrations [mg/kg] of the studied elements (Fe, Cr, Cu, Mo, Al, Mn, Ni, P, V, Cd and Pb) were determined using a microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometer (MIP-OES). The results presented here will help to expand the database of heavy metals and radioactivity in teas. With regard to the potential health risk, the percentage of leaching of individual elements in different types of tea infusions was determined, and the assessment of the consumption risk was estimated. Since the calculated exposure factors, namely the HQ (Hazard Quotient) and THQ (Target Hazard Quotient), do not exceed critical levels, teas can still be considered health-beneficial products (most of the radionuclides as well as elements remain in the leaves (65-80%) after brewing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Grządka
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Bastrzyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, C. K. Norwida 4/6 Sq., 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Orzeł
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agata Oszczak-Nowińska
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2 Str., 00-908 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Fliszkiewicz
- Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Kaliskiego 2 Str., 00-908 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Mateusz Siemieniuk
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sobczyński
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Olgierd Spławski
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gołębiowska
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. Curie-Skłodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Oskar Ronda
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Michał Cieślik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12 Str., 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Cao D, Zhu Z, Zhao S, Zhang X, Lin J, Wang J, Zeng Q, Zhu M. Concentrations, Sources and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Chinese Herbal Medicines. Molecules 2024; 29:972. [PMID: 38474484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The determination and evaluation of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in seven Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) were conducted through a rapid and straightforward extraction and purification method, coupled with GC-MS. A sample-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) pretreatment technique, incorporating isotopic internal standards, was employed for detecting various medicinal parts of CHMs. The assay exhibited linearity within the range of 5 to 500 ng/mL, with linear coefficients (R2) for PAHs exceeding 0.999. The recoveries of spiked standards ranged from 63.37% to 133.12%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.75% to 14.54%. The total PAH content varied from 176.906 to 1414.087 μg/kg. Among the 16 PAHs, phenanthrene (Phe) was consistently detected at the highest levels (47.045-168.640 μg/kg). Characteristic ratio analysis indicated that oil, coal, and biomass combustion were the primary sources of PAHs in CHMs. The health risk associated with CHMs was assessed using the lifetime carcinogenic risk approach, revealing potential health risks from the consumption of honeysuckle, while the health risks of consuming Lycium chinense berries were deemed negligible. For the other five CHMs (glycyrrhizae, Coix lacryma, ginseng, lotus seed, seed of Sterculia lychnophora), the health risk from consumption fell within acceptable ranges. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses utilizing Monte Carlo exposure assessment methods identified PAH levels in CHMs as health risk sensitizers. It is crucial to recognize that the consumption of herbal medicines is not a continuous process but entails potential health risks. Hence, the monitoring and risk assessment of PAH residues in CHMs demand careful attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Cao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Siyuan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jianzai Lin
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Junji Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qinghong Zeng
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Meilin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
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Jeon JI, Jung JY, Park SY, Lee HW, Lee JI, Lee CM. A Comparison of Health Risks from PM 2.5 and Heavy Metal Exposure in Industrial Complexes in Dangjin and Yeosu·Gwangyang. Toxics 2024; 12:158. [PMID: 38393253 PMCID: PMC10893162 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) can cause illness, including respiratory diseases, and PM2.5 compositions are likely to vary according to the emission profiles of industrial complexes. This study analyzed and compared the concentrations and distributions of PM2.5 and heavy metals in two regions of Republic of Korea: Yeosu·Gwangyang, which houses a massive national industrial complex, and Dangjin, which houses power plants. Further, we conducted a health risk assessment on the residents of the areas near these industrial complexes. Measurements were taken at five different points in each setting over a two-year period from August 2020 to August 2022. We found differences in PM2.5 concentrations and heavy metal composition ratios across the sites. Specifically, PM2.5 concentrations exceeded the standard of 1 at all measurement sites, while the specific heavy metals exceeding the standard varied across the sites. Ultimately, we observed regional differences in PM2.5 composition across measurement sites across and within the two regions and variations in health risks and according health effects due to the absence of PM2.5 toxicity values, and compared the health risks of two industrial complexes with different characteristics. These findings underscore the importance of considering not only PM2.5 but also its composition in exposure and health risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-In Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.J.); (J.-Y.J.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Ji-Yun Jung
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.J.); (J.-Y.J.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.J.); (J.-Y.J.); (S.-Y.P.)
| | - Hye-Won Lee
- Institute of Environment and Health, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jeong-Il Lee
- Department of Nano, Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea;
| | - Cheol-Min Lee
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea; (J.-I.J.); (J.-Y.J.); (S.-Y.P.)
- Institute of Environment and Health, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Nano, Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul 02713, Republic of Korea;
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17
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Mohebian Z, Paridokht F, Karimi Zeverdegani S, Mohammadi F. Inhalation exposure to toxic heavy metals in nail salon technicians and health risk assessment using Monte Carlo simulation. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:90-99. [PMID: 38407183 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2024.2315124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nail salons offer a developing and diverse occupation for many women, especially the new generation. Due to the increasing apprehension surrounding heavy metals in dust caused by filing nails containing dried nail polish, the present study was designed aimed to health risk assessment of heavy metals in breathing zone of nail salon technicians (NSTs). METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in NSTs. The concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr) and Manganese (Mn)in breathing zone of 20 NSTs was determined using ICP-OES. RESULTS The metal concentrations were in the following order: Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd with corresponding arithmetic mean values of0.008, 0.0023, 0.0021, 0.001 and 0.0006 mg m-3, respectively, which are exceeded the recommended levels stated in the indoor air guidelines. The average lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) for Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb was calculated 0.0084, 0.00054, 0.00026 and 1.44 E - 05, respectively. The LCR values of all metals (except Pb) exceeded the acceptable level set by the USEPA. The mean of Hazard quotients (HQ) for Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb were calculated to be23.7, 4.74, 2.19, 0.51 and 0.0.24, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed that, the exposure frequency (EF) for Cr and Ni had the strong effects on generation of both LCR and HQ. Furthermore, the concentrations of Mn, Cd and Pb had strong impacts on the HQ generation and the concentration of Cd and Pb had main effects on LCR generation. CONCLUSION To effectively reduce pollutant concentration, it is recommended to install a ventilation system near nail salon work tables and conduct continuous monitoring and quality control of nail products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mohebian
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Paridokht
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sara Karimi Zeverdegani
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Trako N, Mašić F, Ajanović F, Merdan S, Huremović J, Žero S, Mašić A, Gojak-Salimović S. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in PM 2.5 and PM 10 in Sarajevo air, Bosnia and Herzegovina. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2024; 58:1039-1045. [PMID: 38270333 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2307834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The concentrations of eight heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) associated with PM2.5 and PM10 in Sarajevo air, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) have been studied. A total of 136 PM2.5 and PM10 samples were simultaneously collected from 21 February to 11 November 2020. Metal contents were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, flame (FAAS) and electrothermal (ETAAS) techniques. The mean concentrations of metals in PM10 are 2.93 ng/m3 (Cd), 7.21 ng/m3 (Cr), 12.02 ng/m3 (Cu), 126 ng/m3 (Fe), 20.74 ng/m3 (Mn), 6.98 ng/m3 (Ni), 8.74 ng/m3 (Pb) and 128 ng/m3 (Zn). In PM2.5 samples the mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn are 0.39, 4.06, 2.26, 110, 0.63, 1.93 and 5.28 ng/m3, respectively. Pb was not detected in PM2.5 samples. Strong correlation was obtained for metal pairs Mn-Cu in PM10 and moderate for Ni-Fe in PM2.5. The health risk assessment shows that the adult population of Sarajevo is at increased lifetime risk of experiencing cancer because of exposure to Cd concentrations in PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejira Trako
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ferida Mašić
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Faruk Ajanović
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Samra Merdan
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jasna Huremović
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Sabina Žero
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Adnan Mašić
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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ZHANG M, CAO Y, LI X, KOU J, XU Q, YANG S, ZHENG Z, LIU J, MEI S. [Exposure characteristics and health risk assessment of 97 typical chemical pollutants in human serum]. Se Pu 2024; 42:217-223. [PMID: 38374603 PMCID: PMC10877476 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2023.11022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid industrial and agricultural developments in China have led to the wide use and discharge of chemical products and pesticides, resulting in extensive residues in environmental media. These residues can enter the human body through various pathways, leading to high exposure risks and health hazards. Because the human body is exposed to a variety of chemical pollutants, accurately quantifying the exposure levels of these pollutants in the human body and evaluating their health risks are of great importance. In this study, the serum concentrations of 97 typical chemical pollutants of 60 adults in central China were simultaneously determined using solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS/MS). In this method, 200 μL of a serum sample was mixed with 10 μL of an isotope-labeled internal standard solution. The sample was vortexed and refrigerated overnight at 4 ℃. Each sample was then deproteinized by the addition of 200 μL of 15% formic acid aqueous solution and vortexed. The serum sample was loaded into a preconditioned Oasis® PRiME HLB SPE cartridge and rinsed with 3 mL of methanol-water (6∶1, v/v). The SPE cartridge was subsequently vacuumed. The analytes were eluted with 3 mL of dichloromethane followed by 3 mL of n-hexane. The eluent was concentrated to near dryness under a gentle nitrogen stream and reconstituted with 100 μL of acetone. The samples were determined by GC-MS/MS and separated on a DB-5MS capillary column (30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm) with temperature programming. The column temperature was maintained at 70 ℃ for 2 min, increased at a rate of 25 ℃/min to 150 ℃, increased at a rate of 3 ℃/min to 200 ℃, and then held for 2 min. Finally, the column temperature was increased at a rate of 8 ℃/min to 300 ℃ and maintained at this temperature for 8 min. The samples were detected in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and quantitatively analyzed using the internal standard method. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the effects of demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and diet on the concentrations of the chemical pollutants in the serum samples, and known biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) and human biomonitoring (HBM) values were combined to compute hazard quotients (HQs) and hazard indices (HIs) and evaluate the health risks of single and cumulative exposures to the chemical pollutants. The results showed that the main pollutants detected in human serum were organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The detection rates of eight pollutants, including hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (100%), pentachlorophenol (PCP) (100%), p,p'-dichlorodiphenylene (p,p'-DDE) (100%), PCB-138 (100%), PCB-153 (98.3%), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) (91.7%), fluorene (Flu) (85.0%), and anthracene (Ant) (75.0%), were greater than 70%. The serum levels of β-HCH were higher in females than in males, and age was positively correlated with exposure to p,p'-DDE, PCB-138, PCB-153, and β-HCH. Increased exposure levels to p,p'-DDE and β-HCH may be associated with a high frequency of meat intake, whereas increased exposure level to PCP may be associated with a high frequency of vegetable intake. The serum HQ of PCP was greater than 1 in 6.7% of the samples, and no risk was observed for HCB and p,p'-DDE exposure in the study population. Approximately 28.3% of the study subjects had HI values greater than 1. Overall, the general adult population in this region is widely exposed to a wide range of chemical pollutants, and gender, age, and diet are likely to be the main factors influencing the concentration of chemical pollutants. The health risk of single and compound exposures to chemical pollutants should not be ignored.
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Elwaleed A, Jeong H, Abdelbagi AH, Quynh NT, Agusa T, Ishibashi Y, Arizono K. Human Health Risk Assessment from Mercury-Contaminated Soil and Water in Abu Hamad Mining Market, Sudan. Toxics 2024; 12:112. [PMID: 38393207 PMCID: PMC10892728 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) poses a significant global threat due to mercury emissions and resulting health hazards. This study focuses on assessing these risks in the Abu Hamad ASGM community in Sudan. Utilizing the Mercury Analyzer 3000 (NIC), analyses of twelve soil samples (including one tailings sample) and seven water samples revealed the highest concentrations near amalgam burning locations: 34.8 mg/kg in soil (S06) and 3.26 µg/L in water (W03). Concentrations decrease with distance, with soil near burning exceeding tailings (S05 = 19.0 mg/kg). Hazard quotients indicate mercury vapor inhalation as the primary exposure route from soil, with the Hazard Index reaching 5.34 for adults and 33.4 for children close to amalgam burning sites. Water samples generally pose little risk except for W03, where children face potential danger via ingestion (HI = 1.74). These findings emphasize the urgent need for adopting retorts and eco-friendly practices to reduce mercury emissions and protect ASGM communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elwaleed
- Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; (A.E.)
- Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Khartoum, Gamma Ave., Khartoum P.O. Box 321, Sudan;
| | - HuiHo Jeong
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; (H.J.); (Y.I.)
| | - Ali H. Abdelbagi
- Mining Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Khartoum, Gamma Ave., Khartoum P.O. Box 321, Sudan;
| | - Nguyen Thi Quynh
- Graduate School of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; (A.E.)
| | - Tetsuro Agusa
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; (H.J.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yasuhiro Ishibashi
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Tsukide 3-1-100, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto 862-8502, Japan; (H.J.); (Y.I.)
| | - Koji Arizono
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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21
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Zergui A, Kerdoun MA, Boudalia S. Trace elements in tea in Ouargla, Algeria and health risk assessment. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38264900 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2024.2304233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Tea is one of the most common drinks, consumed for its pleasant flavour and several medicinal values. The present study aimed to determine the levels of trace elements in tea products marketed in the Saharan region of Ouargla, Algeria and to evaluate the health risks associated with its regular consumption in adults and infants. To this aim, 78 tea samples were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry. Tea samples appeared to be contaminated by lead (0.73 ± 0.08 µg g-1) and aluminium (0.22 ± 0.02 µg g-1). Cadmium, arsenic, mercury, cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, zinc and copper were also detected. General linear model analysis indicated that black tea samples were the most contaminated. Tea samples packed in tea bags were the most contaminated with arsenic, aluminium and manganese. The hazard index was 0.28 and 1.33 for adults and for infants, respectively, indicating adverse non-carcinogenic effects in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Zergui
- National Center of Toxicology, annex of Ouargla, Ouargla, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Amine Kerdoun
- Unit of Toxicology, Central Laboratory, Mohamed Boudiaf Public Hospital, Ouargla, Algeria
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kasdi Merbah University, Ouargla, Algeria
| | - Sofiane Boudalia
- Département d'Écologie et Génie de l'Environnement, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, Guelma, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Biologie, Eau et Environnement, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, Guelma, Algeria
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Ma J, Ge M, Wang SL, Deng L, Sun J, Jiang Y, Zhou L. [ Health Risk Assessment and Priority Control Factors Analysis of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils Based on Source-oriented]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2024; 45:396-406. [PMID: 38216489 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202303103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
To analyze the source apportionment and health risk of heavy metals in agricultural soils of major producing areas of agricultural products in Chongqing, a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and health risk assessment (HRA) model based on Monte Carlo simulation were used. Meanwhile, both the PMF and HRA model were combined to explore health risks of heavy metals in agricultural soils by different pollution sources in order to determine the priority control factors. The results showed that the average values of Cd concentration were higher than its corresponding background value; the average values of Cr concentration were lower than its corresponding background value; and the average values of As, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn concentration were basically consistent with their corresponding background values. Using PMF model analysis, natural sources, industrial sources, and agricultural sources were identified as the determinants for the accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils, with the contribution rates of 35%, 24%, and 41%, respectively. Using the HRA model based on Monte Carlo simulation analysis, carcinogenic risks of adult and children were tolerable (1.00E-6 < TCR ≤ 1.00E-4), whereas non-carcinogenic risks were acceptable (HI ≤ 1). Oral ingestion was the main exposure pathway. The analysis results of the relationship among heavy metals, pollution sources, and health risks showed that industrial pollution and As were identified as priority control factors, and agricultural pollution and Cd were identified as secondary control factors. Our findings provide scientific support for decision makers to control soil pollution and reduce the management costs of soil pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Miao Ge
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Wang
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Li Deng
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Pollutants in Environmental Chemical Behavior and Ecological Toxicology of Chongqing, Chongqing 401147, China
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Dou DC, Qi R, Xiao SM, Su GX, Guo YX. [Distribution Characteristics of Arsenic in Drinking Water in China and Its Health Risk Based on Disability-adjusted Life Years]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2024; 45:131-139. [PMID: 38216465 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202302045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to arsenic can lead to functional damage to many organs and can be life-threatening. It is of great significance to analyze the distribution characteristics of arsenic in water and evaluate its potential risk for preventing and controlling human health hazards caused by water-derived arsenic. Based on the published data from 2000 to 2022, the geographical distribution characteristics of arsenic in drinking water across China were systematically analyzed in detail, and the health risk of arsenic in drinking water was quantitatively assessed using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which represent the burden of disease. The results showed that the average concentration of arsenic in drinking water in China was (2.88 ±0.33) μg·L-1, which was lower than the limit of 10 μg·L-1 set by the standard for drinking water quality (GB 5749-2022). Nevertheless, the arsenic in drinking water in some provinces, including Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, and Ningxia, was still higher than the limit. The arsenic concentration in drinking water in northern China was higher than that in southern China, and that in rural areas was higher than that in cities. The estimated health risk of arsenic in drinking water (1.63×10-6 DALYs per person-year) was higher than the acceptable risk level of waterborne exposure of 1.0×10-6 DALYs per person-year set by the World Health Organization. The personal health risks related to arsenic in drinking water in the six geographical regions were ranked as follows:North China > Northeast China > Central South China > Northwest China > Southwest China > East China. Almost all (99.4%) of the health burden associated with water arsenic was attributable to skin and lung cancer, which caused 2 905.25 and 1 513.96 DALYs per year, respectively. Most (78.0%) of the health burden was borne by people aged 45 years or older. In addition, given the proportion of each age group in the total population, older persons over the age of 60 bear a higher drinking-water-associated arsenic burden at the individual level than others, and attention should be consequently paid to them when controlling the risk of arsenic in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Cheng Dou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Rong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shu-Min Xiao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Gao-Xin Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Guo X, Lv M, Song L, Ding J, Man M, Fu L, Song Z, Li B, Chen L. Occurrence, Distribution, and Trophic Transfer of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in the Bohai Sea. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:21823-21834. [PMID: 38078887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in environments has aroused global concerns; however, minimal information is available regarding their multimedia distribution, bioaccumulation, and trophic transfer in marine environments. Herein, we analyzed 77 representative PPCPs in samples of surface and bottom seawater, surface sediments, and benthic biota from the Bohai Sea. PPCPs were pervasively detected in seawater, sediments, and benthic biota, with antioxidants being the most abundant PPCPs. PPCP concentrations positively correlated between the surface and bottom water with a decreasing trend from the coast to the central oceans. Higher PPCP concentrations in sediment were found in the Yellow River estuary, and the variations in the physicochemical properties of PPCPs and sediment produced a different distribution pattern of PPCPs in sediment from seawater. The log Dow, but not log Kow, showed a linear and positive relationship with bioaccumulation and trophic magnification factors and a parabolic relationship with biota-sediment accumulation factors. The trophodynamics of miconazole and acetophenone are reported for the first time. This study provides novel insights into the multimedia distribution and biomagnification potential of PPCPs and suggests that log Dow is a better indicator of their bioaccumulation and trophic magnification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lehui Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jing Ding
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Mingsan Man
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Longwen Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhihua Song
- School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Baoquan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Research Center for Coastal Environmental Engineering and Technology, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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Somsunun K, Prapamontol T, Kuanpan T, Santijitpakdee T, Kohsuwan K, Jeytawan N, Thongjan N. Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Indoor Household Dust in Urban and Rural Areas of Chiang Mai and Lamphun Provinces, Thailand. Toxics 2023; 11:1018. [PMID: 38133419 PMCID: PMC10747779 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Indoor exposure to heavy metals poses human health risks worldwide, but study reports from Thailand are still limited, particularly in rural and urban areas. We measured the heavy metals in a hundred indoor household dust samples collected from urban and rural areas in Chiang Mai and Lamphun provinces and found a significantly higher concentration of As in rural areas and Cd in urban areas with industrial activities. The source identification of the heavy metals showed significant enrichment from traffic emissions, paint, smoking, and mixed sources with natural soil. From health risk assessment models, children were more vulnerable to noncarcinogenic risks (HI = 1.45), primarily via ingestion (HQ = 1.39). Lifetime cancer risks (LCRs) due to heavy metal exposure were found in adults (LCR = 5.31 × 10-4) and children (LCR = 9.05 × 10-4). The cancer risks from As were higher in rural areas via ingestion, while Cr and Ni were higher in urban areas via inhalation and ingestion, respectively. This study estimated that approximately 5 out of 10,000 adults and 9 out of 10,000 children among the population may develop cancer in their lifetime from exposure to indoor heavy metals in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawinwut Somsunun
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
- PhD Degree Program in Environmental Science, Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Tippawan Prapamontol
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Todsabhorn Kuanpan
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Teetawat Santijitpakdee
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Kanyapak Kohsuwan
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Natwasan Jeytawan
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Nathaporn Thongjan
- Environment and Health Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences (RIHES), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (T.K.); (T.S.); (K.K.); (N.J.); (N.T.)
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Shah GM, Farooq U, Shabbir Z, Guo J, Dong R, Bakhat HF, Wakeel M, Siddique A, Shahid N. Impact of Cadmium Contamination on Fertilizer Value and Associated Health Risks in Different Soil Types Following Anaerobic Digestate Application. Toxics 2023; 11:1008. [PMID: 38133410 PMCID: PMC10747593 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in the soil potentially hampers microbial biomass and adversely affects their services such as decomposition and mineralization of organic matter. It can reduce nitrogen (N) metabolism and consequently affect plant growth and physiology. Further, Cd accumulation in plants can pose health risks through vegetable consumption. Here, we investigated consequences of Cd contamination on fertilizer value and associated health risks following the application of biogas residues (BGR) to various soil types. Our results indicate that the application of BGR to all soil types significantly increased dry matter (DM) yield and N uptake. However, the Cd contamination negatively affected DM yield and N recovery from BGR in a dose-dependent manner. Organic N mineralization from BGR also decreased in Cd-contaminated soils. The highest DM yield and N recovery were recorded in sandy soil, whereas the lowest values were observed in clay soil. Cadmium was accumulated in spinach, and health risk index (HRI) associated with its dietary intake revealed that consuming spinach grown in Cd-contaminated soil, with or without BGR, is unsafe. Among the soil types, values of daily intake of metals (DIM) and HRI were lowest in clay soil and highest in sandy soil. However, the application of BGR curtailed HRI across all soil types. Notably, the application of BGR alone resulted in HRI values < 1, which are under the safe limit. We conclude that soil contamination with Cd reduces fertilizer value and entails implications for human health. However, the application of BGR to the soil can decrease Cd effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Mustafa Shah
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Umer Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Zunaira Shabbir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Jianbin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Renjie Dong
- Key Laboratory for Clean Renewable Energy Utilization Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Wakeel
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Siddique
- Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Naeem Shahid
- Department of System-Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research—UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60629 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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27
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Mu L, Liu ZY, Li YY, Li XM, Li XF, Liu T, Feng CY, Jiang X. [Source Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of PAHs in PM 2.5, Lüliang City]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:6508-6517. [PMID: 38098379 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202210067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the seasonal variation, health risks, and potential sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in PM2.5 in the Lüliang area, PM2.5 samples were collected in Lishi District(downtown area) and Xiaoyi City(suburban area) from October 23, 2018 to July 1, 2019, and the concentrations of 14 PAHs were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The annual average concentration of PAHs was 95.50 ng·m-3, and the concentration of 5-6 ring PAHs was mainly(49.7%), with 3 ring PAHs accounting for a relatively low proportion(8.3%).The concentration of PAHs in Lüliang City showed a seasonal pattern of winter>autumn>spring>summer. The results of the ILCRs model and Monte Carlo simulation showed that the toxicity of PAHs in Lüliang City followed the rule of adults>youth>children. Except in summer, the ILCRs values in the Lishi area were between 10-6 and 10-4, much higher than those in Xiaoyi City, indicating that there was a high potential risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the urban area. Through the characteristic ratio method and positive matrix factorization(PMF), it was shown that the PAHs in Lüliang City were mainly from the combustion of coal and biomass(61.9%) and vehicle exhaust emissions(38.1%). Based on the backward trajectory and potential source factor contribution analysis model, it was determined that the potential sources of PAHs in Lüliang City were mainly distributed in southern Shanxi, northern Shaanxi, and western Inner Mongolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Mu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zi-Ye Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yang-Yong Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xue-Mei Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Tian Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Chuan-Yang Feng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Girwar SAM, Fiocco M, Sutch SP, Numans ME, Bruijnzeels MA. Validating and Improving Adjusted Clinical Group's Future Hospitalization and High-Cost Prediction Models for Dutch Primary Care. Popul Health Manag 2023; 26:430-437. [PMID: 37917048 DOI: 10.1089/pop.2023.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise in health care costs, caused by older and more complex patient populations, requires Population Health Management approaches including risk stratification. With risk stratification, patients are assigned individual risk scores based on medical records. These patient stratifications focus on future high costs and expensive care utilization such as hospitalization, for which different models exist. With this study, the research team validated the accuracy of risk prediction scores for future hospitalization and high health care costs, calculated by the Adjusted Clinical Group (ACG)'s risk stratification models, using Dutch primary health care data registries. In addition, they aimed to adjust the US-based predictive models for Dutch primary care. The statistical validity of the existing models was assessed. In addition, the underlying prediction models were trained on 95,262 patients' data from de Zoetermeer region and externally validated on data of 48,780 patients from Zeist, Nijkerk, and Urk. Information on age, sex, number of general practitioner visits, International Classification of Primary Care coded information on the diagnosis and Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification coded information on the prescribed medications, were incorporated in the model. C-statistics were used to validate the discriminatory ability of the models. Calibrating ability was assessed by visual inspection of calibration plots. Adjustment of the hospitalization model based on Dutch data improved C-statistics from 0.69 to 0.75, whereas adjustment of the high-cost model improved C-statistics from 0.78 to 0.85, indicating good discrimination of the models. The models also showed good calibration. In conclusion, the local adjustments of the ACG prediction models show great potential for use in Dutch primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley-Ann M Girwar
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Fiocco
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Medical Statistics Department of Biomedical Data Science, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Trial and Data Center, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen P Sutch
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore Maryland, USA
| | - Mattijs E Numans
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Marc A Bruijnzeels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Jan van Es Instituut, Ede, The Netherlands
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29
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Kharkwal V, Choudhary M, Bains K, Bishnoi M. Non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risk assessment of heavy metals in cooked beans and vegetables in Punjab, North India. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7581-7593. [PMID: 38107137 PMCID: PMC10724614 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Beans and vegetables are consumed with cereals in India on daily basis. The aim of the study was to assess carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in cooked beans and cooked vegetables consumed by adults (18-59 years) and elderly (≥60 years) subjects from two districts (Ludhiana and Bathinda) of Punjab. A total of 150 households were selected from 30 different locations covering both rural and urban areas. The mean daily consumption of beans and vegetables in Ludhiana was recorded as 35.09 and 215.93 g, respectively. The corresponding figures in Bathinda were observed as 26.85 and 230.54 g. The average amounts of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury were 1.44 × 10-5, 8.21 × 10-5, 1.30 × 10-3, and 2.61 × 10-7 mg/kg for cooked vegetables in urban households of Ludhiana district, respectively. The corresponding values for rural households were 1.53 × 10-5, 5.58 × 10-5, and 2.98 × 10-4 mg/kg while mercury was not detected. The mean chronic daily intake (CDI) of arsenic from cooked beans was significantly (p ≤ .001) higher in urban adult males of Ludhiana (7.74 × 10-9 mg/kg/day) and Bathinda (5.31 × 10-9 mg/kg/day) compared to their rural counterparts. Similar trend was observed in CDI of heavy metals from vegetables. The mean CDI of cadmium from cooked vegetables in urban adult females of Ludhiana (3.76 × 10-7 mg/kg/day) was significantly (p ≤ .001) higher than their rural counterparts and both urban and rural adult females of Bathinda. The study concluded that the subjects of both districts were found safe from non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk associated with heavy metals present in cooked beans and vegetables, except for urban subjects and rural adult subjects of Ludhiana district who had cancer risk due to cadmium present in cooked vegetable samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Kharkwal
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Community SciencePunjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia
| | - Monika Choudhary
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Community SciencePunjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia
| | - Kiran Bains
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Community SciencePunjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Division of Food and Nutritional BiotechnologyNational Agri‐Food Biotechnology InstituteMohaliIndia
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30
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Zhang H, He P, Liu L, Dai H, Zhao B, Zeng Y, Bi J, Liu M, Ji JS. Trade-offs between cold protection and air pollution-induced mortality of China's heating policy. PNAS Nexus 2023; 2:pgad387. [PMID: 38089598 PMCID: PMC10714897 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The winter heating policy in northern China was designed to safeguard households from the harsh subfreezing temperatures. However, it has inadvertently resulted in seasonal spikes in air pollution levels because of the reliance on coal as an energy source. While the loss of life years attributable to mortality from air pollution caused by winter heating has been estimated, the beneficial effect of protection from cold temperatures has not been assessed, primarily due to a lack of individual-level data linking these variables. Our study aims to address this research gap. We provide individual-level empirical evidence that quantifies the impact of protection from cold temperatures and air pollution on mortality, studying 5,334 older adults living around the Huai River during the period between 2000 and 2018. Our adjusted Cox-proportional hazard models show that winter heating was associated with a 22% lower mortality rate (95% CI: 16-28%). Individuals residing in areas without access to winter heating are subjected to heightened mortality risks during periods of cold temperatures. The protective effect is offset by a 27.8% rise attributed to elevated PM2.5 levels. Our results imply that the equilibrium between the effects of these two factors is achieved when PM2.5 concentration exceeds 24.3 µg/m3 (95% CI: 18.4-30.2). Our research suggests that while the existing winter heating policy significantly mitigates winter mortality by lessening the detrimental effects of cold temperatures, future air pollution reduction could provide further health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4AT, UK
| | - Pan He
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 4AT, UK
| | - Linxin Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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31
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Gao Q, Huan C, Song Y, Jia Z, Cao Q, Wang C, Mao Z, Huo W. Exposure Profile and Characteristics of Parabens and Alkylphenols in Plasma among Rural Adults in Central China. Toxics 2023; 11:926. [PMID: 37999578 PMCID: PMC10675222 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Parabens and alkylphenols pose serious hazards to human health, yet there are few studies on their exposure profiles and health risks in rural Chinese populations. In this study, 804 participants were selected from the Henan Rural Cohort in mid-eastern China. The plasma levels of parabens (methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben (BuP)) and alkylphenols (4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP)) were analyzed via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Linear regression models were used to investigate factors that may influence pollutant exposure levels. The correlation between contaminants was assessed using Spearman's correlation. The human contaminant intake was estimated using the estimated daily intake (EDI). The health risk was assessed using the hazard quotient (HQ). The detection frequency of four parabens and two alkylphenols exceeded 75%, with median concentrations of 0.444, 0.067, 0.078, 0.053, 8.810, and 6.401 ng/mL, respectively. Significant correlations were observed between parabens, as well as between 4-t-BP and 4-t-OP. Regarding gender, paraben concentrations were higher in women than in men, except for BuP. The EDI for pollutants except 4-t-OP was lower than their respective tolerable/acceptable daily intake. In total, 85.70% of participants had 4-t-OP HQ > 1. A widespread exposure to parabens and alkylphenols among the rural population was found. The high health risks of alkylphenol exposure indicate that alkylphenols should be used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Z.J.)
| | - Changsheng Huan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Z.J.)
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Z.J.)
| | - Zexin Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Z.J.)
| | - Qingqing Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Z.J.)
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.)
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.)
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Z.J.)
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32
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Liao HW, Jiang ZC, Zhou H, Qin XQ, Huang QB, Wu HY. [Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risk Assessment in Karst Basin Around a Lead-Zinc Mine]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:6085-6094. [PMID: 37973092 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202210335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Water quality is one of the most important environmental issues in the sustainable development of karst areas. To investigate heavy metal pollution and assess health risk in karst water basins around mines, 18 groups of water samples were collected from the river and groundwater in the Sidi River karst basin, and the concentrations of nine types of heavy metals(Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn, Fe, As, Cr, and Sr) were determined. Sample data were analyzed using principal component analysis, correlation analysis, water quality index, the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, hazard quotient, and hazard index. The results showed that the Sidi River was slightly alkaline. The farther the river water samples were from the tailings reservoir, the lower were the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn, Fe, As, and Sr in the river water. Principal component and correlation analyses showed that heavy metals in the Sidi River karst basin mainly came from mine discharge(55.42%), carbonate weathering dissolution(21.41%), and human activities(14.72%). Eighty-two percent of the samples in the river and all the samples in the groundwater were excellent water. The Nemerow comprehensive pollution index in the river was 4.12 with strong pollution. All the hazard indices were below 1, and Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Cr were potentially threatening metals in the Sidi River karst basin. The concentration of heavy metals changed significantly after entering the karst conduit, indicating that the unique properties of the karst aquifer affected the spatial variation of the heavy metal concentration. The results of this study can provide data reference for water resource prevention and human health protection in the Sidi River karst basin and similar karst basins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Liao
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qi-Bo Huang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hua-Ying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
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33
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An JMD, Zhang RQ, Guo GH, Wang YT. [Accumulation Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risks of Soil Lead of Urban Parks in Beijing]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:6287-6296. [PMID: 37973111 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202211051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Urban parks have multiple functions such as social culture, economy, and environmental services during urban development. The rapid development of cities and economy may lead to the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil of urban parks, which may threaten human health. A total of 140 soil samples were collected in 32 typical parks in Beijing. The accumulation characteristics of Pb in the soil of urban parks were analyzed using the single-factor pollution and geo-accumulation indices. The sources of Pb pollution in soils were quantitatively analyzed using the stable isotope of Pb, and the health risk was assessed using the probabilistic risk assessment method based on Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that the geometric mean of Pb in soils of urban parks in Beijing was 38.63 mg·kg-1, which was 1.48 times the background value. However, it did not exceed the risk screening value(GB 36600-2018). The accumulation of soil Pb in urban parks increased with the increase in the proximity between the park and the central urban area and the increase in the establishment time. The soil Pb pollution index of 2 ring, 2-4 ring, and 4-6 ring parks were 0.16, 0.10, and 0.09, which did not reach the pollution level, and the geo-accumulation indices were 0.80, 0.07, and -0.31, respectively. Except for the no-moderate pollution level in ring 2 and ring 2 to ring 4, the other rings did not reach the pollution level. The sources of Pb pollution in urban parks were coal combustion, road dust, and paint, with the contributions of 45.4%, 19.6%, and 13.9%, respectively. The 95% quantiles of hazard index(HI) of soil Pb in the park for different age groups were 1.11E-01, 8.57E-02, 6.39E-02, 1.64E-02, 1.36E-02, 1.26E-02, 1.64E-02, and 1.78E-02, respectively, which indicated that there was no potential non-carcinogenic risk(HI<1). Exposure duration was the most sensitive to non-carcinogenic risks in people aged 0-18 years, and soil Pb concentration was the most sensitive to non-carcinogenic risks in people aged 18-80 years. The increase in body weight often reduced the non-carcinogenic risks. These results can provide theoretical basis for soil environmental risk control in urban parks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Mei-Duo An
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Rui-Qing Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Guang-Hui Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yun-Tao Wang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China
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34
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Tang Z, Fang F, Lou T, Manatbai B, Peng C, Gong Z, Guo J. Determination of ochratoxin A in licorice extract based on modified immunoaffinity column clean-up and HPLC analysis. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:1470-1481. [PMID: 37862446 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2266042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common concern for the quality and safety of licorice and its derivatives, while their complex sample matrices always restrict the monitoring and regulation of OTA. Taking the much more concentrated and complicated licorice extract as the representative, a modified analysis method was established for OTA by HPLC. Parameters were comprehensively investigated based on liquid-liquid extraction and immunoaffinity column clean-up. In comparison to other methods, the developed method achieved effective clean-up efficiency and selectivity without tedious procedures and specialized instrumentation. Good linearity (R2 ≥0.9995), low LOD/LOQ (0.10 μg/kg/0.33 μg/kg), and satisfactory recovery (90.0%-96.4%, RSDs <7.0%) indicated the satisfactory sensitivity and reliability of the method. In addition, the applicability and robustness of the method was demonstrated by the analysis of large numbers of licorice extract samples. It is noteworthy that 66.5% of 176 samples were contaminated with OTA, while the concentrations of 9.1% of samples exceeded the maximum limit (ML, 80 μg/kg) defined by the EU. On account of the high contamination frequency and broad concentration range of OTA, the daily intake limit of licorice extract was preliminarily determined to be 123.18-123.93 g/day (chronic exposure) and 24.24 g/day (acute exposure), indicating a potential of acute risk through daily exposure. This calls for improved supervision and regulation for OTA contamination in licorice samples. This study suggests a prospective option for the efficient determination and routine monitoring of OTA in licorice and its derivatives, simultaneously providing a valuable data base for its health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Technology Center of Urumqi Customs District P.R. China, Urumqi, China
| | - Tingting Lou
- Animal, Plant, and Foodstuffs Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs District P.R. China, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiguo Gong
- Technology Center of Urumqi Customs District P.R. China, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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35
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Ungureanu EL, Mocanu AL, Stroe CA, Duță DE, Mustățea G. Assessing Health Risks Associated with Heavy Metals in Food: A Bibliometric Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:3974. [PMID: 37959095 PMCID: PMC10649142 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bibliometric analysis is an effective method used to identify research trends based on historical publications that involves combining different frameworks, tools and methods, leading to the creation of different metrics. This study employed bibliometric analysis to investigate the global health risk assessment of heavy metals in food from 2000 to 2022 using Web of Science and VOSviewer. We explore publication trends, affiliations, countries, journals, citations, keywords and author collaborations. Of the 573 publications on this topic, there has been a notable increase in recent years. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (China) and Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Iran) are the most prolific affiliations. Environmental Science and Pollution Research is the top journal. Notably, "heavy metals", "risk assessment", "cadmium", "lead", and "trace elements" are frequently used keywords. A study by Miraglia et al. in 2009 received the most citations. Amin Mousavi Khaneghah (Poland) is the most prolific author, with 24 papers. Articles mainly focus on contamination levels in fish, seafood, cereals, dairy, meat, and fruit/vegetables. Some studies highlight potential risks, necessitating stricter food product controls for consumer safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gabriel Mustățea
- National Research & Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (E.L.U.); (A.L.M.); (C.A.S.); (D.E.D.)
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Chen M, Du R, Zhang T, Li C, Bao W, Xin F, Hou S, Yang Q, Chen L, Wang Q, Zhu A. The Application of a Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model in Health Risk Assessment. Toxics 2023; 11:874. [PMID: 37888724 PMCID: PMC10611306 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Toxicokinetics plays a crucial role in the health risk assessments of xenobiotics. Classical compartmental models are limited in their ability to determine chemical concentrations in specific organs or tissues, particularly target organs or tissues, and their limited interspecific and exposure route extrapolation hinders satisfactory health risk assessment. In contrast, physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models quantitatively describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of chemicals across various exposure routes and doses in organisms, establishing correlations with toxic effects. Consequently, PBTK models serve as potent tools for extrapolation and provide a theoretical foundation for health risk assessment and management. This review outlines the construction and application of PBTK models in health risk assessment while analyzing their limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Ruihu Du
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chutao Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Wenqiang Bao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Fan Xin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shaozhang Hou
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Qiaomei Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100191, China
| | - An Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Ma J, She ZL, Wang SL, Deng L, Liu P, Sun J. [ Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils Around the Gangue Heap of Coal Mine Based on Monte Carlo Simulation]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:5666-5678. [PMID: 37827783 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202211064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
To analyze the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in the soil of farmland surrounding the gangue heap of a coal mine in Chongqing, the Nemerow, Muller, and Hakanson indices were used. Meanwhile, to investigate the health risks of heavy metals in soil, a health risk assessment model was employed using Monte Carlo simulation. The results revealed that the average contents of Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were higher than their soil background values, and the Muller index (Igeo) from high to low was as follows:Cd>Hg>Cu>As>Ni>Zn>Cr>Pb. The Nemerow index (PN) demonstrated that the results of the assessment indicated mainly light pollution (1 Cu>Ni>Cr>Zn>As>Pb>Hg. The Hakanson index (RI) demonstrated that the results of the assessment indicated mainly moderate ecological risk (150 ≤ RI<300). The single ecological risk index (Eri) from high to low was as follows:Cd>Hg>As>Cu>Ni>Pb>Cr>Zn. The health risk assessment of heavy metals revealed that the non-carcinogenic health risks of children and adults could be ignored, but carcinogenic health risks existed, with an average total carcinogenic risk index (TCR) of 1.04E-5 and 3.94E-6, respectively. The major carcinogenic factors were As and Cd. Sensitivity analysis of non-carcinogenic health risks revealed that the ingestion rate of soil (Ringest) was the most sensitive, followed by the contents of As. Meanwhile, sensitivity analysis of carcinogenic health risks indicated that the content of As was the most sensitive, followed by the ingestion rate of soil (Ringest). In general, the health risks of children, including non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, were higher than those of adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Rural Ecology and Soil Monitoring Technology Research Center, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ze-Lei She
- Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Wang
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Rural Ecology and Soil Monitoring Technology Research Center, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Li Deng
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Rural Ecology and Soil Monitoring Technology Research Center, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Rural Ecology and Soil Monitoring Technology Research Center, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chongqing Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Chongqing 401147, China
- Rural Ecology and Soil Monitoring Technology Research Center, Chongqing 401147, China
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Basta PC, de Vasconcellos ACS, Hallwass G, Yokota D, Pinto DDODR, de Aguiar DS, de Souza CC, Oliveira-da-Costa M. Risk Assessment of Mercury-Contaminated Fish Consumption in the Brazilian Amazon: An Ecological Study. Toxics 2023; 11:800. [PMID: 37755810 PMCID: PMC10535031 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11090800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is one of the most dangerous contaminants on the planet. In recent years, evidence of mercury contamination in the Amazon has significantly increased, notably due to gold-mining activities. Although mercury contamination in fish has consistently been documented, little is known about the risk associated with fish consumption by populations in urban areas of the Amazon. We sampled 1010 fish sold in public markets in six state capitals and 11 additional cities. Mercury levels were determined for each specimen, and the evaluation of the health risks associated with consuming mercury-contaminated fish was conducted according to the methodology proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Our study reveals that more than one-fifth (21.3%) of the fish sold in urban centers had mercury levels above the safe limits (≥0.5 µg/g) established by the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). The prevalence of Hg contamination ≥0.5 µg/g was approximately 14 times higher in carnivorous than in noncarnivorous fish. The analysis of the risk attributable to fish consumption reveals that daily mercury intake exceeded the reference dose recommended by the U.S. EPA in all population groups analyzed, reaching up to 7 and 31 times in women of childbearing age and children from 2 to 4 years old, respectively. However, these risks are diverse depending on the type of fish consumed and must be considered to formulate appropriate nutritional guidelines for safe fish consumption by the local community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cesar Basta
- Department of Endemic Diseases Samuel Pessoa, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Ana Claudia Santiago de Vasconcellos
- Laboratory of Professional Education on Health Surveillance, Joaquim Venâncio Polytechnic School of Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Hallwass
- Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Graduate Studies in Applied Ecology, Federal University of Lavras, São Sebastião do Paraíso 37950-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Decio Yokota
- Iepé—Institute for Indigenous Research and Education, Macapá 68908-120, AP, Brazil;
| | - Daniel de Oliveira d’El Rei Pinto
- Department of Endemic Diseases Samuel Pessoa, National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, RJ, Brazil;
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Yu S, Pan XD, Han JL. Toxic Elements in Beans from Zhejiang, Southeast China: Distribution and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment. Foods 2023; 12:3300. [PMID: 37685231 PMCID: PMC10486916 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study described the distribution of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb in 692 bean samples from Zhejiang province, southeast China, and estimated the health risk using Monte Carlo simulation. The average levels of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, and Pb were 0.0349, 0.0379, 0.246, 0.0019, and 0.0246 mg kg-1. Correlation analyses showed very strong positive correlations for Cd-Pb in kidney beans and mung beans, Cd-As in black beans, and Pb-As in red beans. The target hazard quotients (THQs) were adopted for non-carcinogenic risk assessment, and THQs at the 50th percentile were all less than 1, indicating that there are no deleterious effects from rice exposure to these elements. When evaluating THQ for multiple elements, the certainty with a hazard index (HI) greater than 1 for children was 12.64%, for teens 11.54%, and for adults 1.01%. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the concentration of Cd in beans and ED (exposure duration) are the main principal factors that contributed to the total risk. The mean carcinogenic risks for children, teens, and adults were all less than 1 × 10-4, indicating no potential carcinogenic risk. Despite that, the routine monitoring of these elements, especially for Cd should be continued.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao-Dong Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
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Hwang IM, Jeong JY, Park B, Choi JY, Khan N, Jamila N, Yoon BR, Kim JS. Quantification and health risk assessment of ochratoxin A in dried fruit, spices, and coffee. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2023; 40:1275-1284. [PMID: 37607248 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2023.2245055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a stable toxin produced by fungal strains of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is commonly found in a variety of food products, including dried fruit, coffee, and spices, raising concerns about their safety. This study was aimed to quantify OTA levels in different food products using HPLC with fluorescence detection. The pre-treatment process was optimised by employing immunoaffinity columns with Tween 20 to effectively remove interfering substances. An analytical method was developed, validated, and applied for OTA analysis in dried fruit, spices, and coffee samples. The validation procedure included determining detection and quantification limits, linearity, precision, and accuracy, as per the criteria specified by AOAC International. The validated method was successfully applied for OTA analysis in the selected food samples. Furthermore, health risk assessment was conducted based on the average intake and body weight of the Korean population. From the results, concentrations of OTA in the samples were found to be very low and therefore concluded not to pose significant threats to consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Min Hwang
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Jeong
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyeon Park
- Fermentation Regulation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- Food Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Chemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Bo Ryun Yoon
- KOTITI Testing & Research Institute, Gyeonggi do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Kim
- KOTITI Testing & Research Institute, Gyeonggi do, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Choi C, Lee M, Hwang I. Determination of heavy metals and risk assessment in nail cosmetics sold in Seoul, Korea. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2023; 42:131-136. [PMID: 37315294 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2223285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate some toxic levels of nail cosmetics marketed in Seoul, Korea and health risk assessment on humans. METHODS We collected 45 random nail cosmetics and analysed for lead, cadmium, arsenic and antimony by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). RESULTS Four metals concentrations were Pb 0.037 ± 0.083 ( DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Six nail cosmetics had high antimony concentrations which were higher than the current legal limit in Korea. Because of 6 high antimony concentrations, MoS, HQ and HI were outside the acceptable range. LCR value for Pb, As and Cd was below 1 0 -6 which was lower than the permissible limit and nail cosmetics may not possess lifetime cancer risk. Our results suggested that metals were present in nail cosmetics at diverse concentrations and some nail cosmetics appeared to pose a harmful impact on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suun Kim
- Food & Drug Division, Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chaeman Choi
- Food & Drug Division, Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeongsook Lee
- Food & Drug Division, Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul, Korea
| | - Insook Hwang
- Food & Drug Division, Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Seoul, Korea
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Lari S, Vanka J, Jee B, Pandiyan A, Yamagani P, Kumar SB, Naidu M, Jonnalagadda P. Mitigation of pesticide residue levels in the exposed dermal regions of occupationally exposed farmworkers by use of personal protective equipment. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1232149. [PMID: 37719736 PMCID: PMC10502222 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1232149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Unsafe pesticide handling practices with the limited use of personal protective equipment (PPE) by the Indian farming groups lead to an increased risk of exposure to pesticides. Therefore, a community-based follow-up study based on dosimeters, wipes, and hand-wash technique was carried out to evaluate the dermal exposure to pesticides and to analyze the impact of the usage of PPE on minimizing the exposure among the farmworkers of Rangareddy district, Telangana, India. Risk in terms of hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and safety analysis as margins of safety was assessed. Farmworkers averaged 18 years of farming experience and showed resistance to adopting good agricultural practices. Ten pesticide residues were detected in concentrations ranging from 0.000 to 246 mg ml-1 in hand-wash, 0.000 to 198.33 ng cm-2 in patch dosimeter, and 0.000 to 1,740 ng cm-2 in wipe samples collected from farmworkers not using PPE. The second phase includes the intervention study results that revealed a significant reduction both in the concentrations and the number of pesticide residues detected in the hand-wash, patch, and wipe samples of the farmworkers who have used the PPE provided to them (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the probabilistic health risk assessment in terms of the HQ values ranged from 0.02 to 1029.82, and HI was >1, suggesting the non-carcinogenic risks associated with dermal exposure to pesticides among them. Additionally, the safety risk assessment in terms of the margin of safety suggests that they follow risky handling practices. The study confirms that farmworkers are exposed to pesticides and emphasizes the significance of using PPE in reducing the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summaiya Lari
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, India
| | - Janardhan Vanka
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Babban Jee
- Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Pandiyan
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Praveen Yamagani
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Mohan Naidu
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Padmaja Jonnalagadda
- ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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Jakkielska D, Dasteridis I, Kubicki M, Frankowski M, Zioła-Frankowska A. Determination of Metal Content by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry in Polish Red and White Wine Samples in Relation to Their Type, Origin, Grape Variety and Health Risk Assessment. Foods 2023; 12:3205. [PMID: 37685138 PMCID: PMC10486598 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of the research was to assess the influence of selected factors (type of wine, grape variety, origin, alcohol content and daily consumption) on the concentration levels of 26 elements in 53 Polish wine samples, also using chemometric analysis tools. Concentration of Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr, Ti, V, Zn and Zr was analyzed by ICP-MS, while concentration of Ca, Na, K and Mg was determined by ICP-OES. White wines were characterized by higher concentrations of Al, As, Be, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mg, Na, Pb, Sb, Ti, V, Zn and Zr (mean values: 0.075-86,403 μg·L-1 in white wines, 0.069-81,232 μg·L-1 in red wines). Red wines were characterized by higher concentrations of Ba, Cd, Cr, K, Mn, Se and Sr (mean values: 0.407-1,160,000 μg·L-1 in white wines, 0.448-1,521,363 μg·L-1 in red wines). The results obtained for the health risk assessment indices, including the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ, mean values per glass of wine: 2.097 × 10-5 (Cr)-0.041 (B) in all wines), indicate that the analyzed elements do not show a potential toxic effect resulting from wine consumption. The chemometric analysis confirmed that elements such as Li, Ti, Ca, Mn, Sr, Ba, Zn, Mg, Cu, Se and B were closely related to local conditions and soil properties, and the presence of Fe, Cr, V and Pb was related to contamination of the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Jakkielska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Ioannis Dasteridis
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (I.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Maciej Kubicki
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Marcin Frankowski
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (I.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Anetta Zioła-Frankowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
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He Y, Fang H, Pan X, Zhu B, Chen J, Wang J, Zhang R, Chen L, Qi X, Zhang H. Cadmium Exposure in Aquatic Products and Health Risk Classification Assessment in Residents of Zhejiang, China. Foods 2023; 12:3094. [PMID: 37628093 PMCID: PMC10453627 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution of food safety is a prominent food safety concern worldwide. The concentration of Cd in six aquatic food categories collected from 2018 to 2022 was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the Cd exposure levels were calculated by combining the Cd concentration and food consumption data of 18913 urban and rural residents in Zhejiang Province in 2015-2016. The mean Cd concentration was 0.699 mg/kg and the mean Cd exposure of aquatic foods was 0.00951 mg/kg BW/month for the general population. Marine crustaceans were the largest Cd contributor, corresponding to 82.7%. The regional distribution results showed that the average Cd exposure levels of 11 cities did not exceed the provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI). According to the subgroups, the Cd mean exposure level of 2-3-year-old children was significantly higher than that of the other age groups but did not exceed the PTMI. Health risk classification assessment demonstrated that the final risk score was six, and the health risk level of Cd exposure in aquatic products in the Zhejiang population was medium. These results demonstrated that the risk of Cd exposure in certain food types or age groups should be given more concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hangyan Fang
- Hangzhou Linping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 311100, China;
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- Department of Physical-Chemistry, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China;
| | - Bing Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jiang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jikai Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hexiang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China; (Y.H.); (B.Z.); (J.C.); (J.W.); (R.Z.); (L.C.); (H.Z.)
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Xie H, Zou SZ, Li J, Shen HY, Lin YS, Zhou CS, Zhu DN, Wang ZH. [Spatial Distribution, Source Analysis, and Health Risk Assessment of Metal Elements in Karst Water in Southeastern Chongqing]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:4304-4313. [PMID: 37694625 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202208239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Dispersed karst water is an important water supply source, or even the only water supply source, for some districts and counties in Chongqing City. It is particularly necessary to understand the distribution characteristics of metal elements in karst water and the health risks exposed. In this study, the scattered karst water in the southeastern part of Chongqing was taken as the main research object, and the concentrations of Al, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, Ni, Mn, As, and Hg in 42 groups of karst spring water samples were determined. The spatial distribution of metal elements with a high detection rate was revealed using the ordinary kriging interpolation method, and the spatial distribution characteristics, sources, and health risks of metal elements were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods and health risk models. The results showed that the quality of dispersed karst water in southeastern Chongqing was generally good, and the spatial scale variability in the occurrence of metal elements in karst water was strong, especially for Ni and As. The sources of Cu, Pb, As, Zn, and Cr were mainly affected by the regional geological background; Al and Mn were mainly affected by human industrial, agricultural, and mining activities; and Ni was affected by both the natural background and human activities. The total health risk of exposure through the drinking route was higher than that of the skin infiltration route, which was the main exposure route of the human body. The total health risk of children exposed through the drinking route was higher than that of adults, and the total health risk of adults exposed through the skin infiltration route was higher than that of children. It is worth noting that Cr was the determinant of total health risk. From the perspective of drinking water safety, local residents need to pay certain attention to water quality when drinking distributed karst groundwater, in order to reduce the health risk of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Karst Resources and Environmental Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Sheng-Zhang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Karst Resources and Environmental Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Hao-Yong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Karst Resources and Environmental Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Karst Resources and Environmental Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chang-Song Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Karst Resources and Environmental Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dan-Ni Zhu
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
- Guangxi Karst Resources and Environmental Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guilin 541004, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Guilin 541004, China
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Yu G, Chen F, Zhang XD, Sun YB. [Pollution Characteristics, Source Analysis, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Surrounding Farmlands of Manganese Mining Area]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:4416-4428. [PMID: 37694636 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202210106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the status of heavy metal pollution and the resulting ecological risk of farmland soil surrounding the manganese mining area, 174 soil samples were collected, and the heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn, As, and Hg) were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were used to determine the source of heavy metals in the soils. The single-factor pollution index method, geo-accumulation index method, potential ecological risk assessment method, and US EPA health risk assessment model were used to evaluate the ecological environment risk of heavy metals. The results showed that the average values of Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Mn, and Hg exceeded the background value of Guizhou. 100% of Zn samples and 38.86% of Cu samples exceeded the risk screening value for agricultural land soil pollution. Source analysis revealed that the main sources of soil heavy metals were mining emission, mixed agricultural activity and transportation, nature, and agricultural activities. The risk evaluation showed that Ni, Cr, Pb, and As belonged to the clean level, Hg and Cu were in a light pollution stage, Zn fell into the category of moderate contamination, and Mn reached the heavy pollution level. Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn, As, and Cd posed low potential ecological risk, while Hg caused a considerable potential ecological risk. In total, the integrated potential ecological risk of heavy metals was ranked "strong", eight types of heavy metals had carcinogenic risks and non-carcinogenic risks for children aged 0-5 years, and the main contributing factors were Cr and Mn, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Yu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Fen Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Yue-Bing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Safe-Product, Tianjin 300191, China
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Luo YS. Bayesian-Based Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Fipronil in Food: A Case Study in Taiwan. Toxics 2023; 11:677. [PMID: 37624182 PMCID: PMC10459244 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Fipronil, a broad-spectrum insecticide, is widely used in agriculture and veterinary practices. Fipronil-induced neurotoxicity and potential adverse effects on humans and aquatic organisms have raised health concerns. Monitoring programs have been implemented globally to assess fipronil residues in food, including fruits, vegetables, and animal products. However, previous exposure assessments have often focused on specific food categories or subsets of items, resulting in limited insights into the overall health risks. Additionally, the large number of non-detect fipronil residues in food has introduced uncertainties in exposure assessment. To address these issues, a probabilistic exposure assessment and dose-response analysis were adopted in this study, considering the sample distribution below the detection limit to better characterize uncertainties and population variability in health risk assessments. The estimated fipronil exposure to the general public ranges from 6.38 × 10-6 ± 0.00017 mg/kg/day to 9.83 × 10-6 ± 0.00034 mg/kg/day. Only one out of 200,000 simulated individuals had a fipronil dose exceeding the probabilistic reference dose (0.048 mg/kg/day, pRfD), which aims to protect 99% of the population with effects less than 10% extra risk. By incorporating uncertainties in exposure and dose-response data, a more comprehensive understanding of the health risks associated with fipronil exposure in the Taiwanese population has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Syuan Luo
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Master of Public Health Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Population Health Research Center, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Fang J, He Y, Huang NT, Zhi YY, Fu WJ. [Integrated Analysis on Source-exposure Risk of Heavy Metals in Farmland Soil Based on PMF Model: A Case Study in the E-waste Dismantling Area in Zhejiang Province]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:4027-4038. [PMID: 37438301 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202208153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in farmland soil and their risks to human health and to provide an important scientific basis for farmland pollution control, 133 surface soils (0-20 cm) were collected from typical agricultural production areas in Zhejiang Province, and the contents of soil Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, As, and Hg were determined. Various methods were applied to evaluate the degree of heavy metal pollution in farmland and its ecological risks in the study area. The method of combining Kriging interpolation and positive definite matrix factor analysis (PMF) was applied to analyze the pollution sources and quantify the contribution of each pollution source. Combined with the health risk assessment model, the risk to human health of each pollution source was evaluated from the perspective of source exposure. The results showed that the average ω(Cd), ω(Pb), ω(Cr), ω(Cu), ω(Zn), ω(Ni), ω(As), and ω(Hg) were 0.76, 65.22, 92.02, 103.92, 198.49, 36.65, 5.97, and 0.20 mg·kg-1, respectively. The average contents of Cd and Cu were higher than the risk screening values of soil contamination of agricultural land, and 85.71% and 96.24% of soil was contaminated by heavy metals. The average contents of Pb, Cr, Zn, and Ni exceeded the soil background values of the Wenhuang Plain in Zhejiang Province, and the As and Hg contents were within the limit values. The potential soil ecological risks were mainly light-moderate, accounting for 90.98%, and both high and higher risk accounted for 4.51%; Cd was the main potential ecological risk element. The main sources of heavy metal pollution in the study area were the sources of the electronic waste dismantling process (26.82%), the mixed sources of coal combustion and traffic emissions (34.50%), mixed sources of natural parent materials and agricultural inputs (25.59%), and e-waste pickling runoff and solid waste leaching sources (13.09%). The health risk of heavy metal exposure to children was significantly greater than that in adults. Mixed sources of natural parent materials and agricultural inputs contributed the most to human health risks, and Cr was the element with the greatest contribution to human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fang
- College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Ying He
- College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Nai-Tao Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Yu-You Zhi
- College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China
| | - Wei-Jun Fu
- College of Environment and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China
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49
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Wang J, Wei H, Pan B. [Accumulation Characteristics and Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Cd in Agricultural Soils Across China]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2023; 44:4006-4016. [PMID: 37438299 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202206153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
To understand cadmium (Cd) pollution status and associated health risks in agricultural soils of China, a database including Cd concentrations of 160446 soil samples from 240 cities (counties) in 31 provinces was constructed based on domestic and foreign literature. The contamination factor and geochemical accumulation index were applied to explore the pollution level of Cd, and then health risks for different population groups were evaluated with the probabilistic risk assessment method based on Monte Carlo simulation. The results indicated that soil Cd concentrations in China ranged from 0.012 to 23.33 mg·kg-1, with the geometric mean of 0.473 mg·kg-1, which was 1.58 times the risk screening value of heavy metals in the soil of agricultural land (GB 15186-2018) (6.5<pH ≤ 7.5). From the perspective of different regions, the highest concentrations of soil Cd were found in central China, followed by southwest, south, northwest, northeast, east, and north China. From the perspective of time, there was no significant difference in soil Cd in different time periods (P>0.05). Cd pollution in agricultural soils was mainly distributed in Yunnan, Hunan, Guangxi, and Gansu provinces in China, which may have been related to the mining and smelting activities. The non-carcinogenic risks for all the population groups could be negligible, whereas there were potential carcinogenic risks for adults and seniors, with 5.81% and 4.49% of carcinogenic risk values exceeding the threshold of 1E-06 set by USEPA for adults and seniors, respectively. The results of this study provided valuable information for the pollution prevention and risk control of soil Cd pollution. To improve the accuracy of health risk assessment results, the exposure ingestion route of agricultural products and bioavailability of soil Cd should be considered in the probabilistic ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Yunnan, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Heng Wei
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Academy of Eco-environmental Science of Yunnan, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Nawaz R, Nasim I, Irfan A, Islam A, Naeem A, Ghani N, Irshad MA, Latif M, Nisa BU, Ullah R. Water Quality Index and Human Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water in Selected Urban Areas of a Mega City. Toxics 2023; 11:577. [PMID: 37505543 PMCID: PMC10385057 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the quality of drinking water and assess the potential health hazards due to water contaminants in selected urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan. Water samples were collected from ten sites and analyzed for different physico-chemical parameters including turbidity, color, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrates, fluoride, residual chlorine, and total hardness. Additionally, heavy metal (arsenic) and microbial parameters (E. coli) were also determined in the water samples. Drinking water quality evaluation indices, including the water quality index (WQI) for physico-chemical and biological parameters and human health risk assessment (HHRA) for heavy metal were estimated using the analytical results of the target parameters. It was found in most of the areas that the levels of arsenic, fluoride, TDS, and residual chlorine were higher than those recommended by the National Environmental Quality Standard (NEQS) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. In addition to the physico-chemical parameters, microbial content (E. coli) was also found in the drinking water samples of the selected areas. Statistical analysis of the results indicated that levels of target parameters in drinking water samples are significantly different between sampling sites. The WQI for all physico-chemical and microbial parameters indicated that drinking water in most of the areas was unfit and unsuitable (WQI > 100) for drinking purposes except for the water of Bhatti Gate and Chota Gaon Shahdara with a WQI of 87 and 91, respectively. Drinking water in these areas had a very poor WQI rating. According to HHRA, drinking water from the selected sites was found to be of high risk to children and adults. The carcinogenic risk of arsenic indicated that all samples were of high risk to both adults and children (4.60 and 4.37 × 10-3, respectively). Regular monitoring of drinking water quality is essential, and proactive measures must be implemented to ensure the treatment and availability of safe drinking water in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rab Nawaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Research and Knowledge Transfer, INTI International University, Putra Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Iqra Nasim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Islam
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515031, China
| | - Ayesha Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Ghani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Maria Latif
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Badar Un Nisa
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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