1
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Goodman RE. Twenty-eight years of GM Food and feed without harm: why not accept them? GM Crops Food 2024; 15:40-50. [PMID: 38471133 PMCID: PMC10939142 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2024.2305944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Since the first genetically engineered or modified crops or organisms (GMO) were approved for commercial production in 1995, no new GMO has been proven to be a hazard or cause harm to human consumers. These modifications have improved crop efficiency, reduced losses to insect pests, reduced losses to viral and microbial plant pathogens and improved drought tolerance. A few have focused on nutritional improvements producing beta carotene in Golden Rice. Regulators in the United States and countries signing the CODEX Alimentarius and Cartagena Biosafety agreements have evaluated human and animal food safety considering potential risks of allergenicity, toxicity, nutritional and anti-nutritional risks. They consider risks for non-target organisms and the environment. There are no cases where post-market surveillance has uncovered harm to consumers or the environment including potential transfer of DNA from the GMO to non-target organisms. In fact, many GMOs have helped improve production, yield and reduced risks from chemical insecticides or fungicides. Yet there are generic calls to label foods containing any genetic modification as a GMO and refusing to allow GM events to be labeled as organic. Many African countries have accepted the Cartagena Protocol as a tool to keep GM events out of their countries while facing food insecurity. The rationale for those restrictions are not rational. Other issues related to genetic diversity, seed production and environmental safety must be addressed. What can be done to increase acceptance of safe and nutritious foods as the population increases, land for cultivation is reduced and energy costs soar?
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. Goodman
- Food Allergy Research and Resource Program, Department of Food Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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2
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Galvez-Llompart M, Hierrezuelo J, Blasco M, Zanni R, Galvez J, de Vicente A, Pérez-García A, Romero D. Targeting bacterial growth in biofilm conditions: rational design of novel inhibitors to mitigate clinical and food contamination using QSAR. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2330907. [PMID: 38651823 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2330907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing global issue exacerbated by the abuse of antibiotics and the formation of bacterial biofilms, which cause up to 80% of human bacterial infections. This study presents a computational strategy to address AMR by developing three novel quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models based on molecular topology to identify potential anti-biofilm and antibacterial agents. The models aim to determine the chemo-topological pattern of Gram (+) antibacterial, Gram (-) antibacterial, and biofilm formation inhibition activity. The models were applied to the virtual screening of a commercial chemical database, resulting in the selection of 58 compounds. Subsequent in vitro assays showed that three of these compounds exhibited the most promising antibacterial activity, with potential applications in enhancing food and medical device safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Galvez-Llompart
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, IHSM-UMA-CSIC, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Hierrezuelo
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, IHSM-UMA-CSIC, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Mariluz Blasco
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, IHSM-UMA-CSIC, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Riccardo Zanni
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Jorge Galvez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Antonio de Vicente
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, IHSM-UMA-CSIC, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-García
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, IHSM-UMA-CSIC, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Diego Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora, IHSM-UMA-CSIC, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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3
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Meliana C, Liu J, Show PL, Low SS. Biosensor in smart food traceability system for food safety and security. Bioengineered 2024; 15:2310908. [PMID: 38303521 PMCID: PMC10841032 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2024.2310908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The burden of food contamination and food wastage has significantly contributed to the increased prevalence of foodborne disease and food insecurity all over the world. Due to this, there is an urgent need to develop a smarter food traceability system. Recent advancements in biosensors that are easy-to-use, rapid yet selective, sensitive, and cost-effective have shown great promise to meet the critical demand for onsite and immediate diagnosis and treatment of food safety and quality control (i.e. point-of-care technology). This review article focuses on the recent development of different biosensors for food safety and quality monitoring. In general, the application of biosensors in agriculture (i.e. pre-harvest stage) for early detection and routine control of plant infections or stress is discussed. Afterward, a more detailed advancement of biosensors in the past five years within the food supply chain (i.e. post-harvest stage) to detect different types of food contaminants and smart food packaging is highlighted. A section that discusses perspectives for the development of biosensors in the future is also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Meliana
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- College of Automation Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, Jilin Province, China
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi Municipality, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sze Shin Low
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
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4
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Rindhe S, Khan A, Priyadarshi R, Chatli M, Wagh R, Kumbhar V, Wankar A, Rhim JW. Application of bacteriophages in biopolymer-based functional food packaging films. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13333. [PMID: 38571439 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Recently, food spoilage caused by pathogens has been increasing. Therefore, applying control strategies is essential. Bacteriophages can potentially reduce this problem due to their host specificity, ability to inhibit bacterial growth, and extend the shelf life of food. When bacteriophages are applied directly to food, their antibacterial activity is lost. In this regard, bacteriophage-loaded biopolymers offer an excellent option to improve food safety by extending their shelf life. Applying bacteriophages in food preservation requires comprehensive and structured information on their isolation, culturing, storage, and encapsulation in biopolymers for active food packaging applications. This review focuses on using bacteriophages in food packaging and preservation. It discusses the methods for phage application on food, their use for polymer formulation and functionalization, and their effect in enhancing food matrix properties to obtain maximum antibacterial activity in food model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rindhe
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - Ajahar Khan
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruchir Priyadarshi
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Manish Chatli
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG), Makhdoom, India
| | - Rajesh Wagh
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Vishal Kumbhar
- Department of Animal Husbandry, State Government, Maharashtra, India
| | - Alok Wankar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur, India
| | - Jong-Whan Rhim
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Oleo DDD, Manning L, McIntyre L, Randall N, Nayak R. The application of systematic accident analysis tools to investigate food safety incidents. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13344. [PMID: 38634199 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Effective food safety (FS) management relies on the understanding of the factors that contribute to FS incidents (FSIs) and the means for their mitigation and control. This review aims to explore the application of systematic accident analysis tools to both design FS management systems (FSMSs) as well as to investigate FSI to identify contributive and causative factors associated with FSI and the means for their elimination or control. The study has compared and contrasted the diverse characteristics of linear, epidemiological, and systematic accident analysis tools and hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) and the types and depth of qualitative and quantitative analysis they promote. Systematic accident analysis tools, such as the Accident Map Model, the Functional Resonance Accident Model, or the Systems Theoretical Accident Model and Processes, are flexible systematic approaches to analyzing FSI within a socio-technical food system which is complex and continually evolving. They can be applied at organizational, supply chain, or wider food system levels. As with the application of HACCP principles, the process is time-consuming and requires skilled users to achieve the level of systematic analysis required to ensure effective validation and verification of FSMS and revalidation and reverification following an FSI. Effective revalidation and reverification are essential to prevent recurrent FSI and to inform new practices and processes for emergent FS concerns and the means for their control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileyni Díaz De Oleo
- TADRUS Research Group, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Louise Manning
- The Lincoln Institute for Agri-Food Technology, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - Lynn McIntyre
- Department of Food, Land and Agribusiness Management, Harper Adams University, Newport, UK
| | - Nicola Randall
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, Harper Adams University, Newport, UK
| | - Rounaq Nayak
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
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6
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White AE, Torok MR, Smith KE, Booth H, Scallan Walter E. Competencies for Public Health Professionals and Epidemiologists Who Detect and Investigate Enteric Disease Outbreaks. Public Health Rep 2024; 139:342-350. [PMID: 37577854 PMCID: PMC11037225 DOI: 10.1177/00333549231186776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Food safety progress depends on the ability of public health agencies to detect and investigate foodborne disease outbreaks. The Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence identify and implement best practices and serve as resources for public health professionals who investigate enteric disease outbreaks. To target the needs of this diverse workforce, the Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence developed and assessed a professional tier framework and competencies. METHODS We described the characteristics of public health professionals who investigate enteric disease outbreaks in the epidemiology role in a conceptual tiered framework. We mapped core competencies to each tier and disseminated a survey to practitioners at local (June 2019) and state (August 2018) US public health agencies to evaluate the importance and frequency of each competency. RESULTS We developed 15 competencies on surveillance, outbreak detection, interview skills, investigation team, specimen testing, data analysis, hypothesis generation, study design, communication, enteric disease biology, control measures, legal authority, quality improvement, environmental health, and reporting to surveillance. The 286 survey respondents selected interview skills, surveillance, control measures, and hypothesis generation as the competencies most important to their work and most frequently performed. CONCLUSION The Integrated Food Safety Centers of Excellence created the first published workforce framework and competencies for public health professionals who detect and investigate enteric disease outbreaks in the epidemiology role, in collaboration with local, state, and federal public health agencies and national organizations. These tools have been integrated into existing programs and can be used to develop training curricula, assess workforce competency over time, and identify priorities for continuing education and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E. White
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michelle R. Torok
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kirk E. Smith
- Foodborne, Waterborne, Vectorborne, and Zoonotic Diseases Section, Minnesota Department of Health, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Hillary Booth
- Office of Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Disease Control and Health Statistics Division, Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline, WA, USA
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7
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Vasilescu CL, McKee M, Reeves A. Quantitative Textual Analysis as a means to explore corporate interests in food safety. Health (London) 2024; 28:372-389. [PMID: 37309822 DOI: 10.1177/13634593231173807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing body of scholarship on the commercial determinants of health has, so far, mostly employed qualitative methods but this is now being complemented by a small, yet growing, corpus of quantitative studies. We illustrate the use of one such method, quantitative text analysis (QTA), in a case study of submissions to a public consultation on a draft scientific opinion by the European Food Safety Authority on the chemical acrylamide, demonstrating how this method can be used and insights that might be drawn from it. We use Wordscores as one example of QTA to illuminate the diverse positions taken by actors submitting comments and then assess whether the final policy documents moved towards or away from the positions taken by different stakeholders. We find a broadly uniform position among the public health community, opposed to acrylamide, contrasting with industry positions that were not monolithic. Some firms recommended major amendments to the guidance, largely reflecting the impact on their practices, while policy innovators seeking ways to reduce acrylamide in foods aligned with the public health community. We also find no clear movement in the policy guidance, likely because most submissions supported the draft document. Many governments are required to conduct public consultations, some attracting enormous numbers of responses, with little guidance on how best to synthesise the responses so the default position is often a count of those for and against. We argue that QTA, primarily a research tool, might usefully be applied in analysing public consultation responses to understand better the positions taken by different actors.
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8
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Veiga GCD, Mafaldo ÍM, Barão CE, Baú TR, Magnani M, Pimentel TC. Supercritical carbon dioxide technology in food processing: Insightful comprehension of the mechanisms of microbial inactivation and impacts on quality and safety aspects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13345. [PMID: 38638070 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) has emerged as a nonthermal technology to guarantee food safety. This review addresses the potential of SC-CO2 technology in food preservation, discussing the microbial inactivation mechanisms and the impact on food products' quality parameters and bioactive compounds. Furthermore, the main advantages and gaps are denoted. SC-CO2 technology application causes adequate microbial reductions (>5 log cfu/mL) of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms, enzyme inactivation, and improvements in the storage stability in fruit and vegetable products (mainly fruit juices), meat products, and dairy derivatives. SC-CO2-treated products maintain the physicochemical, technological, and sensory properties, bioactive compound concentrations, and biological activity (antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory activities) similar to the untreated products. The optimization of processing parameters (temperature, pressure, CO2 volume, and processing times) is mandatory for achieving the desired results. Further studies should consider the expansion to different food matrices, shelf-life evaluation, bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds, and in vitro and in vivo studies to prove the benefits of using SC-CO2 technology. Moreover, the impact on sensory characteristics and, mainly, the consumer perception of SC-CO2-treated foods need to be elucidated. We highlight the opportunity for studies in postbiotic production. In conclusion, SC-CO2 technology may be used for microbial inactivation to ensure food safety without losing the quality parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géssica Cristina da Veiga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Post-Graduation Program in Food Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ísis Meireles Mafaldo
- Department of Food Engineering, Laboratory of Microbial Process in Foods, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Tahis Regina Baú
- Food Technology Coordination, Federal Institute of Santa Catarina, São Miguel do Oeste, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marciane Magnani
- Department of Food Engineering, Laboratory of Microbial Process in Foods, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Colombo Pimentel
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Post-Graduation Program in Food Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Paraná (IFPR), Campus Paranavaí, Paranavaí, Paraná, Brazil
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9
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Kong Y, Deering AJ, Nemali K. Minimizing Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination in indoor farming: effects of cultivar type and ultra-violet light quality. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:4218-4225. [PMID: 38294189 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial contamination of produce is a concern in indoor farming due to close plant spacing, recycling irrigation, warm temperatures, and high relative humidity during production. Cultivars that inherently resist contamination and photo-sanitization using ultraviolet (UV) radiation during the production phase can reduce bacterial contamination. However, there is limited information to support their use in indoor farming. RESULTS Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars with varying plant architectures grown in a custom-built indoor farm exhibited differences in E. coli O157:H7 survival after inoculation. The survival of E. coli O157:H7 was lowest in the leaf cultivar (open architecture) and highest in the romaine and oakleaf cultivars (compact architecture). Of the different UV wavelengths that were tested (UV-A, UV-A + B, UV-A + C), UV A + C at an intensity of 54.5 μmol m-2 s-1 (with 3.5 μmol m-2 s-1 of UV-C), provided for 15 min every day, was found to be most efficacious in reducing the E. coli O157:H7 survival on romaine lettuce with no negative effects on plant growth and quality. CONCLUSION Contamination of E. coli O157:H7 on lettuce plants can be reduced and the food safety levels in indoor farms can be increased by selecting cultivars with an open leaf architecture coupled with photo-sanitization using low and frequent exposure to UV A + C radiation. © 2024 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyao Kong
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Amanda J Deering
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Krishna Nemali
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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10
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Nikkhah A, Ghnimi S, Tichenor Blackstone N, Nikkhah F, Jacxsens L, Devlieghere F, Van Haute S. Inclusion of microbiological food safety as a novel aspect in life cycle assessments of food production. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:2353-2365. [PMID: 37621018 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2248899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology currently covers a limited number of human health-related impact categories. Microbiological food safety is an essential aspect for the selection of an appropriate food production system and has been neglected in the LCA so far. A framework for the inclusion of a microbiological food safety indicator, expressed as disability-adjusted life year (DALY) value of the consumed food product to the human health damage category (end-point) was created, and applied in a case study model on the cooked-chilled meals as the ready-to-eat meals can be associated with the occurrence of foodborne illness cases and outbreaks. This study suggests a framework for the inclusion of microbiological risk caused by Bacillus cereus associated with the consumption of ready-to-eat meals (in Belgium) in the LCA. The results indicated that the microbiological risk of one package of the investigated ready-to-eat meal was 1.95 × 10-6 DALY, and the obtained DALY value was included as an impact category in the LCA methodology. Inclusion of other categories of food safety (including chemical safety hazards, pesticide residues, heavy metals, and mycotoxins) in LCA could be done in the same fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Nikkhah
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sami Ghnimi
- Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Laboratory of Automatic Control, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering (LAGEPP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Department of food science, ISARA, Lyon, France
| | | | - Farima Nikkhah
- Department Industrial Engineering, Rahbord Shomal University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Liesbeth Jacxsens
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Devlieghere
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sam Van Haute
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
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Scaife K, Taylor SL, Pařenicová L, Goodman RE, Vo TD, Leune E, Abdelmoteleb M, Dommels Y. In silico evaluation of the potential allergenicity of a fungal biomass from Rhizomucor pusillus for use as a novel food ingredient. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 150:105629. [PMID: 38657894 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2024.105629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The world's hunger for novel food ingredients drives the development of safe, sustainable, and nutritious novel food products. For foods containing novel proteins, potential allergenicity of the proteins is a key safety consideration. One such product is a fungal biomass obtained from the fermentation of Rhizomucor pusillus. The annotated whole genome sequence of this strain was subjected to sequence homology searches against the AllergenOnline database (sliding 80-amino acid windows and full sequence searches). In a stepwise manner, proteins were designated as potentially allergenic and were further compared to proteins from commonly consumed foods and from humans. From the sliding 80-mer searches, 356 proteins met the conservative >35% Codex Alimentarius threshold, 72 of which shared ≥50% identity over the full sequence. Although matches were identified between R. pusillus proteins and proteins from allergenic food sources, the matches were limited to minor allergens from these sources, and they shared a greater degree of sequence homology with those from commonly consumed foods and human proteins. Based on the in silico analysis and a literature review for the source organism, the risk of allergenic cross-reactivity of R. pusillus is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Scaife
- Intertek Health Sciences Inc., 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 201, Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5N 2X7.
| | - Steve L Taylor
- Taylor Consulting LLC, 941 Evergreen Drive, Lincoln, NE, 68510, USA
| | - Lucie Pařenicová
- The Protein Brewery B.V., Goeseelsstraat 10, 4817 MV Breda, The Netherlands; BioXact B.V., Böttgerwater 44, 2497 ZJ Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - Richard E Goodman
- RE Goodman Consulting LLC, 8110 Dougan Circle, Lincoln, NE, 68516, USA
| | - Trung D Vo
- Intertek Health Sciences Inc., 2233 Argentia Road, Suite 201, Mississauga, ON, Canada, L5N 2X7
| | - Elisa Leune
- The Protein Brewery B.V., Goeseelsstraat 10, 4817 MV Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Abdelmoteleb
- Mohamed Abdelmoteleb, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, 35516
| | - Yvonne Dommels
- The Protein Brewery B.V., Goeseelsstraat 10, 4817 MV Breda, The Netherlands
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12
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Tian R, Sun J, Ye Y, Lu X, Wang W, Sun X. Ultrasensitive Aptasensor for α-Amatoxin Detection Based on the DNA Tetrahedral Nanostructure Triggering Rolling Circle Amplification and Signal Amplification. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38648503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Poisonous mushrooms containing α-amatoxin can be lethal, making it imperative to develop a rapid and sensitive detection method for α-amatoxin. Utilizing the DNA tetrahedral structure as its foundation, the aptamer allows controlled density and orientation. Consequently, we designed aptamer tetrahedral functionalized magnetic beads that specifically target α-amanitin to release complementary DNA (C-DNA) strands. These strands were then employed as primers to initiate rolling circle amplification (RCA) with fluorescent dyes. The combination of SYBR Green I detection probes facilitated the amplification of the detection signal, enhancing the detection sensitivity of the aptasensor. The calculated detection limit was determined to be 3 ng/mL, a magnitude lower than that of other aptasensors by 2 orders of magnitude. The aptasensor integrates the advantages of high sensitivity and specificity, offering a simple and reliable rapid detection method for α-amanitin analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Tian
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Yongli Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xin Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Weiya Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- School of Food Science and Technology, International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
- Yixing Institute of Food and Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Yixing 214200, China
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13
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Aslani R, Mazaheri Y, Jafari M, Sadighara P, Molaee-Aghaee E, Ozcakmak S, Reshadat Z. Implementation of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) in yogurt production. J DAIRY RES 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38646882 DOI: 10.1017/s0022029924000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to review hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) in the dairy industry for the production of yogurt. The food safety management system (FSMS) was implemented over the last several decades with several amendments. The need for practical and proactive procedures in the dairy industry was identified so that HACCP implementation could ensure that consumers would always have safe food. The concept of HACCP is a systemic and science-based method that can result in safe dairy products such as yogurt based on the complete analysis of manufacturing processes, recognition of hazards potentially present at all stages of production, and risk prevention. In yogurt production, raw milk receipt, pasteurization, packaging, and storage are the steps most susceptible to contamination and were considered critical control points. Further steps also need to be implemented to achieve other related control measures, and these will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Aslani
- Division of Food Safety & Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Mazaheri
- Division of Food Safety & Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Jafari
- Division of Food Safety & Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Division of Food Safety & Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Molaee-Aghaee
- Division of Food Safety & Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sibel Ozcakmak
- Provincial Directorate of Agriculture and Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Zahra Reshadat
- Department of Food Hygiene, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Mateus ARS, Crisafulli C, Cruz Barros S, Pena A, Sanches Silva A. Development and validation of an analytical method based on QuEChERS followed by UHPLC-ToF-MS for the determination of tropane alkaloids in buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum L.) and buckwheat products. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38635926 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2339325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
A method was developed for the determination of tropane alkaloids (TAs), including atropine, scopolamine, anisodamine and homatropine in buckwheat and related products. This work presents an optimised methodology based on QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) extraction procedure followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the determination of TAs (atropine, scopolamine, anisodamine and homatropine) in buckwheat samples. The analytical methodology was successfully validated, demonstrating good linearity, low limit of quantification, repeatability (RSDr < 15%), inter-day precision (RSDR < 19%) and recovery (74-113%). Finally, 13 commercial samples of buckwheat were analysed and the results demonstrated that they were in compliance with the current European regulations regarding TAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Soares Mateus
- National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Vila do Conde, Portugal
- Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Food Science and Pharmacology Laboratory, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Animal Science Studies Centre (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Crisafulli
- National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Silvia Cruz Barros
- National Institute of Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Angelina Pena
- Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Animal Science Studies Centre (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sanches Silva
- Pharmacy Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Animal Science Studies Centre (CECA), ICETA, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Al4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Viviers S, Richter L, Du Plessis E, Korsten L. Microbiological quality of irrigation water on highly diverse fresh produce smallholder farms: elucidating environmental routes of contamination. J Appl Microbiol 2024:lxae091. [PMID: 38632044 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microbiological safety, potential multidrug resistant bacterial presence and genetic relatedness (DNA fingerprints) of Escherichia coli isolated from the water-soil-plant nexus on highly diverse fresh produce smallholder farms. METHODS AND RESULTS Irrigation water (n = 44), soil (n = 85), and fresh produce (n = 95) samples, from six smallholder farms with different production systems, were analysed for hygiene indicator bacterial counts and the presence of shigatoxigenic E. coli and Salmonella spp., using standard microbiological methods. Identities of isolates were confirmed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and the genetic relatedness of the E. coli isolates determined using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) analysis. Irrigation water E. coli levels ranged between 0-3.45 log MPN.100 mL-1 with five farms having acceptable levels according to the World Health Organization limit (3 log MPN.100 mL-1). Fresh produce samples on four farms (n = 65) harboured E. coli at low levels (<1 log CFU.g-1) except for one sample from kale, spring onion, green pepper, onion and two tomato samples, which exceeded international acceptable limits (100 CFU.g-1). Only one baby carrot fresh produce sample tested positive for Salmonella spp. Of the 224 samples, E. coli isolates were identified in 40% (n = 90) of all water, soil and fresh produce types after enrichment. Additionally, the DNA fingerprints of E. coli isolates from the water-soil-plant nexus of each respective farm clustered together at high similarity values (>90%), with all phenotypically characterised as multidrug resistant. CONCLUSIONS The clustering of E. coli isolated throughout the water-soil-plant nexus, implicated irrigation water in fresh produce contamination. Highlighting the importance of complying with irrigation water microbiological quality guidelines to limit the spread of potential foodborne pathogens throughout the fresh produce supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheldon Viviers
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa, 0001
| | - Loandi Richter
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa, 0001
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, South Africa
| | - Erika Du Plessis
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa, 0001
| | - Lise Korsten
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria, South Africa, 0001
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Food Security, South Africa
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16
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Ma H, Wei Z, Liu G, Zhang H, Liu Y. Removal of Nanoplastics from Copollutant Systems Using Seaweed Cellulose Nanofibers. J Agric Food Chem 2024. [PMID: 38605444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastic pollution poses a significant global concern for public health due to the potential toxicity it induces in the human body through food and water intake. Consequently, the urgent task of removing nanoplastics, especially from water resources, is paramount for enhancing food safety, and developing eco-friendly materials capable of efficiently removing nanoplastics is crucial. In this context, we propose the use of biodegradable anionic seaweed cellulose nanofibers (TEMPO-mediated seaweed cellulose nanofibers, TCNFs) and cationic seaweed cellulose nanofibers (quaternized seaweed cellulose nanofibers, QCNFs) for nanoplastic removal in both single- and copollutant systems. In our experiments under simulated practical conditions, we revealed that TCNFs and QCNFs achieved an average removal efficiency of 98.71% against nanoplastic particles. Moreover, TCNFs and QCNFs exhibited higher adsorption capacities compared to those of existing materials, potentially offering a cost-effective advantage. Toxicity assessments conducted with mammalian cells further confirmed the biosafety of TCNFs and QCNFs. This study contributes to the scientific and theoretical understanding of using edible seaweed as well as offers promising solutions for food safety control in an efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Haorui Ma
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2105, United States
| | - Guanxu Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Haoyang Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Department of Agrotechnology & Food Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen 6708 PB, Netherlands
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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17
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Chin ZX, Chua SL, Ang YL, Wee S, Lee KKM, Wu Y, Chan JSH. Illegal synthetic dyes in spices: a Singapore case study. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38600616 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2024.2326431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Some synthetic dyes are fraudulently added into spices to appeal visually to consumers. Food regulations in several countries, including the United States, Australia, Japan and the European Union, strictly prohibit the use of unauthorised synthetic dyes in food. Nevertheless, illegal practices persist, where spices contaminated with potentially carcinogenic dyes have been documented, posing potential health risks to consumers. In the present study, 14 synthetic dyes were investigated through liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in 252 commercially available spices in the Singapore market. In 18 out of these (7.1%) at least 1 illegal dye was detected at concentrations ranging from 0.010 to 114 mg/kg. Besides potential health risks, presence of these adulterants also reflects the economic motivations behind their fraudulent use. Findings in the present study further emphasise the need for increased public awareness, stricter enforcement, and continuous monitoring of illegal synthetic dyes in spices to ensure Singapore's food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Xin Chin
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sew Lay Chua
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Li Ang
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sheena Wee
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ken Kah Meng Lee
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuansheng Wu
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Sheot Harn Chan
- National Centre for Food Science, Singapore Food Agency, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Food Science & Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Hu J, Zhu LP, Wang RQ, Zhu L, Chen F, Hou Y, Ni K, Deng S, Liu S, Ying W, Sun JL, Li H, Jin T. Identification, Characterization, Cloning, and Cross-Reactivity of Zan b 2, a Novel Pepper Allergen of 11S Legumin. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:8189-8199. [PMID: 38551197 PMCID: PMC11010233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Protein from Sichuan peppers can elicit mild to severe allergic reactions. However, little is known about their allergenic proteins. We aimed to isolate, identify, clone, and characterize Sichuan pepper allergens and to determine its allergenicity and cross-reactivities. Sichuan pepper seed proteins were extracted and then analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was performed with sera from Sichuan pepper-allergic individuals. Proteins of interest were purified using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration and further analyzed by analytical ultracentrifugation, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry (MS). Their coding region was amplified in the genome. IgE reactivity and cross-reactivity of allergens were evaluated by dot blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and competitive ELISA. Western blot showed IgE binding to a 55 kDa protein. This protein was homologous to the citrus proteins and has high stability and a sheet structure. Four DNA sequences were cloned. Six patients' sera (60%) showed specific IgE reactivity to this purified 11S protein, which was proved to have cross-reactivation with extracts of cashew nuts, pistachios, and citrus seeds. A novel allergen in Sichuan pepper seeds, Zan b 2, which belongs to the 11S globulin family, was isolated and identified. Its cross-reactivity with cashew nuts, pistachios, and citrus seeds was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhu
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Rui-qi Wang
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lixia Zhu
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yibo Hou
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Kang Ni
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Shasha Deng
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Wantao Ying
- State
Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center,
National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute
of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jin-Lyu Sun
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hong Li
- Allergy
Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases,
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese
Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key
Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic
Medicine Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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19
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Klein LM, Lamp J, Schopf C, Gabler AM, Kaltner F, Guldimann C, Rychlik M, Schwake-Anduschus C, Knappstein K, Gottschalk C. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and tropane alkaloids in milk samples from individual dairy farms of the German federal states of Bavaria and Schleswig-Holstein. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38592240 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2336054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
1,2-Dehydro-pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA), their corresponding N-oxides (PANO) and tropane alkaloids (TA), are toxic plant metabolites. If plant material, containing these toxins, is present in the feed of dairy cows these toxins can be transferred into milk. Here, milk was sampled directly from dairy farms in the German federal states of Bavaria and Schleswig-Holstein in 2020-2022 in order to investigate a possible contamination of milk at the production stage. In total, 228 milk samples were analysed for 54 PA/PANO and two TA by a sensitive LC-ESI-MS/MS method. In addition, a subset of milk samples (n = 85) was independently analysed for TA by a cooperating laboratory for verification. PA/PANO were found in 26 samples (11%) with a low median sum content of the contaminated samples of 0.024 µg/L. The highest level of contamination was 5.6 µg/L. Senecionine-, lycopsamine- and heliotrine-type PA/PANO were detected. In four samples (1.8%), atropine was determined up to 0.066 µg/L. The toxin levels in the milk samples hardly contributed to the total daily exposure. These data are first-time results on contamination rates and levels occurring in milk from individual dairy farms, based on a large sample number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Monika Klein
- Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU in Munich, Munich, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Julika Lamp
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christina Schopf
- Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU in Munich, Munich, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Angelika Miriam Gabler
- Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU in Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kaltner
- Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU in Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Guldimann
- Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU in Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Rychlik
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Christine Schwake-Anduschus
- Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Detmold, Germany
| | - Karin Knappstein
- Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Gottschalk
- Chair of Food Safety and Analytics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, LMU in Munich, Munich, Germany
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20
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Wakabayashi Y, Kumeda Y, Yoshihara S, Tokumoto H, Kawatsu K, Miyake M. Prevalence of Staphylococcus argenteus among food handlers, kitchen utensils, and food samples in Japan. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae031. [PMID: 38544318 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus argenteus has received increased attention from an aspect of food safety since several food poisoning outbreaks caused by the bacterium were reported in Japan. However, S. argenteus prevalence among food handlers and utensils has not yet been investigated. In this study, we investigated S. argenteus prevalence among a collection of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) that were isolated during food sanitary inspections in Japan. Out of a total of 191 CPS isolates, 14 were identified as S. argenteus. One was isolated from shelled shrimp, nine were isolated from food handlers' hand swabs, and four were isolated from kitchen utensils. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that transmission of S. argenteus from human hands to utensils was possible. Though all 14 isolates were negative for the pvl and tst-1 genes, 6 harbored the seb gene. Only 21.4% of S. argenteus isolates were resistant to antibiotics, while 62.1% of the S. aureus isolates from the same sources were confirmed to be resistant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate possible transmission of S. argenteus from food handlers to utensils in food-processing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Wakabayashi
- Bacteriology Section, Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-0048, Japan
| | - Yuko Kumeda
- Research Center of Microorganism Control, Organization for Research Promotion, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-kyu, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8231, Japan
| | - Shizue Yoshihara
- Graduate School of Science, Department of Biology, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8231, Japan
| | - Hayato Tokumoto
- Graduate School of Science, Department of Biology, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8231, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawatsu
- Bacteriology Section, Division of Microbiology, Osaka Institute of Public Health, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan
| | - Masami Miyake
- Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-0048, Japan
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21
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Guerrini A, Roncada P, Al-Qudah KM, Isani G, Pacicco F, Peloso M, Sardi L, Tedesco DEA, Romeo GA, Caprai E. Content of Toxic Elements (Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead) in Eggs from an Ethically Managed Laying Hen Farm. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1133. [PMID: 38612373 PMCID: PMC11010967 DOI: 10.3390/ani14071133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Domestic chicken farming has been promoted and spread in several Italian municipalities and worldwide as an aid to the self-consumption of domestically produced food. This study investigated the levels of four toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in eggs from an ethical laying hen farm, comparing the element concentrations with those possibly present in supermarket eggs. A total of 201 eggs, 141 from the farm and produced by different hen genotypes, and 60 from the supermarket, were collected. The levels of the toxic elements were evaluated in the yolk, albumen, and eggshells of all eggs. The results show that the supermarket eggs' yolk and albumen were more contaminated with lead, compared to the rural eggs. Contrarily, the mean content of arsenic was higher in the albumen and eggshells of the rural eggs, compared to the supermarket eggs. The cadmium content was below the LOQ (0.005 mg/kg) in all samples. The mercury content was below or around the LOQ in all rural eggs. Overall, the supermarket egg albumens were significantly more contaminated than the rural ones. No significant differences were found in quality parameters for both types of eggs. The toxic element values that were detected were in line with other studies in the literature. However, despite the concentrations found not representing a risk to the consumers' health, the results of this study raise a potential food safety issue, and it would be desirable to set specific MRLs for eggs for consumers' protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Guerrini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.G.); (D.E.A.T.)
| | - Paola Roncada
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy; (G.I.); (L.S.)
| | - Khaled Mefleh Al-Qudah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Gloria Isani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy; (G.I.); (L.S.)
| | - Fausto Pacicco
- Department of Economics, LIUC Cattaneo University, Via Corso G. Matteotti 22, 21053 Castellanza, Italy;
| | - Mariantonietta Peloso
- Chemical Food Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’, Via P. Fiorini 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (E.C.)
| | - Luca Sardi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy; (G.I.); (L.S.)
| | - Doriana Eurosia Angela Tedesco
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; (A.G.); (D.E.A.T.)
| | - Gianluca Antonio Romeo
- Directorate General for Animal Health and Veterinary Medicinal Products (DGSAF), Italian Ministry of Health (MOH), Office 4, Viale Giorgio Ribotta 5, 00144 Roma, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Caprai
- Chemical Food Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna ‘Bruno Ubertini’, Via P. Fiorini 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (M.P.); (E.C.)
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22
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Danesi L, Nobile M, Fontana M, Tirloni E, Chiesa LM, Savini F, Villa RE, Panseri S. Preliminary Investigation towards the Use of Infrared Technology for Raw Milk Treatment. Foods 2024; 13:1117. [PMID: 38611421 PMCID: PMC11012228 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Infrared (IR) technology offers a promising solution for reducing microbiological loads in various food types while preserving their quality traits, such as flavour. However, research on IR's application in complex matrices is limited. Therefore, our preliminary study aimed to evaluate its effectiveness in sanitizing bovine raw milk. We assessed the bacterial count before and after IR treatment by comparing volatile organic compound profiles via headspace extraction and GC/MS analysis. Our findings showed that higher energy levels led to a greater bacterial reduction. IR85 was the most effective in reducing Coliforms and Enterobacteriaceae in non-homogenised samples, with a reduction ranging from -1.01 to >-2.99 and from -1.66 to -3.09 Log CFU/mL, respectively. IR60 and 70 showed no efficacy, while IR80 had intermediate but still satisfactory effect. IR85 notably affected volatile compounds, particularly increasing hexanal (from 0.08 to 4.21 ng g-1) and dimethyl sulphone (from 10.76 to 26.40 ng g-1), while IR80 better preserved the aroma profile. As a result, only IR80 was tested with homogenised raw milk, demonstrating significant bacterial reduction (from >2.39 to 3.06 Log CFU/mL for Coliforms and from 1.90 to >2.45 Log CFU/mL for Enterobacteriaceae) and maintaining the aroma profile quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Danesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.D.); (M.N.); (L.M.C.); (R.E.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Maria Nobile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.D.); (M.N.); (L.M.C.); (R.E.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Mauro Fontana
- Dirigente Veterinario AULSS9 Scaligera, Via S.M. Crocifissa di Rosa, 37067 Verona, Italy;
| | - Erica Tirloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.D.); (M.N.); (L.M.C.); (R.E.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Luca Maria Chiesa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.D.); (M.N.); (L.M.C.); (R.E.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Federica Savini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Roberto Edoardo Villa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.D.); (M.N.); (L.M.C.); (R.E.V.); (S.P.)
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (L.D.); (M.N.); (L.M.C.); (R.E.V.); (S.P.)
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23
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Rahman A, Paul P, Sarkar MR, Sikdar KMYK, Esti IZ, Abid NM, Bari L, Faroque ABM. Antibiotic residues in pasteurised and Raw Cow's milk in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Food Addit Contam Part B Surveill 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38577755 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2024.2335234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate antibiotic residues such as oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and levofloxacin, in both pasteurised and raw cow's milk. A method using high-performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector (HPLC-UV) was developed and validated following International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for simultaneous detection and quantification of these residues. The technique demonstrated linearity, with r2 values ranging from 0.999 to 1.00 within the 1.3-15.0 μg ml-1 range for each antibiotic. Thirty cow's milk samples, raw and pasteurised, from Dhaka's local markets were analysed, revealing the presence of enrofloxacin and levofloxacin, while oxytetracycline was absent in all samples. Notably, pasteurised milk samples contained enrofloxacin, levofloxacin and oxytetracycline, with groups P6 and P7 exceeding the Maximum Residue Limit for enrofloxacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (121 µg l-1). This study emphasises antibiotic residues in milk, with a validated method holding promise for routine analysis in industries requiring simultaneous quantitation of multiple antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Rahman
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Piash Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Raihan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - K M Yasif Kayes Sikdar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nahyan Mohammad Abid
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Latiful Bari
- Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - A B M Faroque
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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24
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Chamorro F, Cassani L, Garcia-Oliveira P, Barral-Martinez M, Jorge AOS, Pereira AG, Otero P, Fraga-Corral M, P. P. Oliveira MB, Prieto MA. Health benefits of bluefin tuna consumption: ( Thunnus thynnus) as a case study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1340121. [PMID: 38628271 PMCID: PMC11018964 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1340121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly interested in food products with high nutritional value and health benefits. For instance, fish consumption is linked with diverse positive health benefits and the prevention of certain widespread disorders, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, or cardiovascular diseases. These benefits have been attributed to its excellent nutritional value (large amounts of high-quality fatty acids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals) and bioactive compounds, while being relatively low-caloric. Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus tynnus) is one of the most consumed species worldwide, motivated by its good nutritional and organoleptic characteristics. Recently, some organizations have proposed limitations on its consumption due to the presence of contaminants, mainly heavy metals such as mercury. However, several studies have reported that most specimens hold lower levels of contaminants than the established limits and that their richness in selenium effectively limits the contaminants' bioaccessibility in the human body. Considering this situation, this study aims to provide baseline data about the nutritional composition and the latest evidence regarding the beneficial effects of Atlantic bluefin tuna consumption. A review of the risk-benefit ratio was also conducted to evaluate the safety of its consumption, considering the current suggested limitations to this species' consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Chamorro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - L. Cassani
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - P. Garcia-Oliveira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M. Barral-Martinez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - A. O. S. Jorge
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- REQUIMTE/Serviço de Bromatologia, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A. G. Pereira
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Paz Otero
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M. Fraga-Corral
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - M. A. Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)-CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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25
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Ding Q, Gu G, Nou X, Micallef SA. Cultivar was more influential than bacterial strain and other experimental factors in recovery of Escherichia coli O157:H7 populations from inoculated live Romaine lettuce plants. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0376723. [PMID: 38363139 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03767-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The varied choice of bacterial strain, plant cultivar, and method used to inoculate, retrieve, and enumerate Escherichia coli O157:H7 from live plants could affect comparability among studies evaluating lettuce-enterobacterial interactions. Cultivar, bacterial strain, incubation time, leaf side inoculated, and sample processing method were assessed for their influence in recovering and quantifying E. coli O157:H7 from live Romaine lettuce. Cultivar exerted the strongest effect on E. coli O157:H7 counts, which held up even when cultivar was considered in interactions with other factors. Recovery from the popularly grown green Romaine "Rio Bravo" was higher than from the red variety "Outredgeous." Other modulating variables were incubation time, strain, and leaf side inoculated. Sample processing method was not significant. Incubation for 24 hours post-lettuce inoculation yielded greater counts than 48 hours, but was affected by lettuce cultivar, bacterial strain, and leaf side inoculated. Higher counts obtained for strain EDL933 compared to a lettuce outbreak strain 2705C emphasized the importance of selecting relevant strains for the system being studied. Inoculating the abaxial side of leaves gave higher counts than adaxial surface inoculation, although this factor interacted with strain and incubation period. Our findings highlight the importance of studying interactions between appropriate bacterial strains and plant cultivars for more relevant research results, and of standardizing inoculation and incubation procedures. The strong effect of cultivar exerted on the E. coli O157:H7-lettuce association supports the need to start reporting cultivar information for illness outbreaks to facilitate the identification and study of plant traits that impact food safety risk.IMPORTANCEThe contamination of Romaine lettuce with Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been linked to multiple foodborne disease outbreaks, but variability in the methods used to evaluate E. coli O157:H7 association with live lettuce plants complicates the comparability of different studies. In this study, various experimental variables and sample processing methods for recovering and quantifying E. coli O157:H7 from live Romaine lettuce were assessed. Cultivar was found to exert the strongest influence on E. coli O157:H7 retrieval from lettuce. Other modulating factors were bacterial incubation time on plants, strain, and leaf side inoculated, while sample processing method had no impact. Our findings highlight the importance of selecting relevant cultivars and strains, and of standardizing inoculation and incubation procedures, in these types of assessments. Moreover, results support the need to start reporting cultivars implicated in foodborne illness outbreaks to facilitate the identification and study of plant traits that impact food safety risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ding
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ganyu Gu
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiangwu Nou
- Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, USDA ARS, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Shirley A Micallef
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Center for Food Safety and Security Systems, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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26
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Parker EM, Mollenkopf DF, Ballash GA, Li C, Wittum TE. Transcontinental Dissemination of Enterobacterales Harboring blaNDM-1 in Retail Frozen Shrimp. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024. [PMID: 38563789 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The global food trade provides a means of disseminating antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria and genes. Using selective media, carbapenem-resistant species of Enterobacterales (Providencia sp. and Citrobacter sp.), were detected in a single package of imported frozen shrimp purchased from a grocery store in Ohio, USA. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed that both isolates harbored blaNDM-1 genes. Following PacBio long read sequencing, the sequences were annotated using the NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline. The blaNDM-1 genes were found in IncC plasmids, each with different antimicrobial resistance island configuration. We found that the blaNDM-1 AMR islands had close relationships with previously reported environmental, food, and clinical isolates detected in Asia and the United States, highlighting the importance of the food chain in the global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Parker
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Dixie F Mollenkopf
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Gregory A Ballash
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Cong Li
- Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Applied Science, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas E Wittum
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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27
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Annan M, Sakr S, Alaouie Z, Salla M, Sheet I, Al Khatib A. The Knowledge and Practices Toward Food Safety Measures at Home in the Lebanese Community. Soc Work Public Health 2024; 39:297-312. [PMID: 38426551 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2323697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hygienic measures practiced at home are highly related to the occurrence of food-borne diseases during food production, storage, and handling. Contaminated food remains a major cause of several diarrheal diseases, hospitalizations, and spikes in medical expenses. In our current study, we aimed to assess the knowledge of food safety and the food safety and hygiene practices at home among the Lebanese population. A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire including two sections. The first section included socio-demographic characteristics of participants, whereas the second section included questions related to practices and knowledge about food safety, divided into five parts; personal hygiene practices, dry and cold storage, sanitizing and cleaning and food intoxication. A total of 1101 Lebanese above 18 years participated and provided their responses to the questionnaire. Overall, the majority of participants had fair knowledge about food safety where 96.8% of the participants answered correctly about preventing microbial growth on food. 77.9% of those participants acquired their knowledge about food safety from articles, workshops, or the internet. Moreover, females, people with children and those who cook for themselves scored significantly higher than others (68.8, 70.6, and 70%, respectively). In comparison to younger participants (67.8%), older participants (50+ and 30-49) scored higher at 69.7% and 68.9%, respectively. Higher scores were obtained for questions related to storing dried foods/meat and poultry products with percentages 91.4 and 87.8%, respectively. However, lower scores were noticed on questions related to washing raw chicken before handling and storing eggs (9.7 and 12.3%, respectively). Altogether, our results revealed the need for directed food safety awareness campaigns at the national level to educate the Lebanese community about domestic food handling practices. We believe these campaigns can significantly reduce related diseases and hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Annan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samer Sakr
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Zeinab Alaouie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Salla
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Imtithal Sheet
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Al Khatib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
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28
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Hubbard GP, Van Wyk J, Grinyer L, Onley R, White S, Fleming CA, Baxter J, Forwood L, Stratton RJ. Appropriate handling and storage reduce the risk of bacterial growth in enteral feeding systems reused within 24 hours. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:437-449. [PMID: 37635446 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteral tube feeding can require considerable amounts of plastic equipment including delivery sets and containers, often disposed of after a single feeding session because of bacterial contamination concerns. The aim of this research was to assess whether reuse of delivery sets and containers for up to 24 h is safe from a microbiological perspective. METHODS Four enteral tube feeding systems (FS) were tested under hygienic controlled or repeated inoculation challenge conditions using key foodborne pathogens, to assess bacterial growth over time (FS1: ready-to-hang, closed 1-L system with delivery set reused, stored at room temperature [RT]; FS2: a prepared, powdered, open 1-L system with delivery set and container reused, stored at RT; FS3 and FS4: prepared, powdered, open 200-ml bolus systems with delivery set and container reused, stored at RT [FS3] and refrigeration [FS4]). Feed samples were cultured at 0.5, 6.5, 12.5, 18.5, and 24.5 h with >2 Δlog considered significant bacterial growth. RESULTS Under hygienic control, FS1, FS3, and FS4 were below the level of enumeration (<5 CFU/g) for all bacteria tested, at all time points. In FS2, significant bacterial growth was observed from 18.5 h. Under repeated bacterial inoculation challenge, no significant growth was observed in FS1 and FS4 over 24.5 h; however, significant growth was observed in FS2 after 6.5 h and in FS3 after 10-12 h. CONCLUSION With hygienic handling technique, there is limited bacterial growth with reuse of delivery sets and containers over 24 h. Refrigeration between feeding sessions and using boluses of reconstituted powdered feed reduce bacterial growth risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sean White
- Department of Dietetics, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Carole-Anne Fleming
- NHSGGC Adult Acute Dietetic Service, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Rebecca J Stratton
- Nutricia Ltd, Trowbridge, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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29
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Focker M, van Wagenberg C, van Asselt E, van der Fels-Klerx HJ. The resilience of the pork supply chain to a food safety outbreak: The case of dioxins. Risk Anal 2024; 44:785-801. [PMID: 37666491 DOI: 10.1111/risa.14205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Food supply chains are constantly challenged by food safety hazards entering the chain. The ability of the supply chain to provide safe food within a reasonable time after such a food safety threat or shock can be investigated with the concept of resilience using food safety as an indicator. Resilience is then defined as the food safety performance deviation due to the shock and takes both the severity of the shock as well as the time to fully recover or reach a new equilibrium into account. This study developed a stochastic simulation model to evaluate the resilience of the Dutch pork supply chain to dioxin contamination in the feed. The resilience of the supply chain as well as the potential costs associated with the contamination are compared between several monitoring strategies with the aim to determine the optimal control points for dioxin monitoring. Model results show that collecting and analyzing samples at more than one control point along the pork supply chain, in particular at feed mills and fat melting facilities, resulted in the highest resilience and the lowest costs after a shock. This model and these results can be used by public and private decision makers to make proactive and informed decisions on the monitoring strategies to control dioxins in the pork supply chain that result in optimal resilience to a dioxin crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlous Focker
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coen van Wagenberg
- Wageningen Economic Research (WecR), Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther van Asselt
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - H J van der Fels-Klerx
- Wageningen Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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30
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Carrasco Cabrera L, Di Piazza G, Dujardin B, Marchese E, Medina Pastor P. The 2022 European Union report on pesticide residues in food. EFSA J 2024; 22:e8753. [PMID: 38655191 PMCID: PMC11036314 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Under European Union legislation (Article 32, Regulation (EC) No 396/2005), the European Food Safety Authority provides an annual report assessing the pesticide residue levels in foods on the European market. In 2022, 96.3% of the overall 110,829 samples analysed fell below the maximum residue level (MRL), 3.7% exceeded this level, of which 2.2% were non-compliant, i.e. results in a given sample exceeded the MRL after taking into account the measurement uncertainty. For the EU-coordinated multiannual control programme subset, 11,727 samples were analysed of which 0.9% were non-compliant. To assess acute and chronic risk to consumer health, dietary exposure to pesticide residues was estimated and compared with available health-based guidance values (HBGV). Continuation of the probabilistic assessment methodology was consolidated to all pesticides listed in the 2022 EU Regulation providing the probability of a consumer being exposed to an exceedance of the HBGV. Overall, the assessed risk to EU consumer's health is low. Recommendations to risk managers are given to increase the effectiveness of European control systems and to ensure a high level of consumer protection throughout the EU.
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31
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Zhang X, Tang M, Zhou Q, Lu J, Zhang H, Tang X, Ma L, Zhang J, Chen D, Gao Y. A broad host phage, CP6, for combating multidrug-resistant Campylobacter prevalent in poultry meat. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103548. [PMID: 38442560 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major cause of bacterial foodborne diarrhea worldwide. Consumption of raw or undercooked chicken meat contaminated with Campylobacter is the most common causative agent of human infections. Given the high prevalence of contamination in poultry meat and the recent rise of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Campylobacter strains, an effective intervention method of reducing bird colonization is needed. In this study, the Campylobacter-specific lytic phage CP6 was isolated from chicken feces. Phage CP6 exhibited a broad host range against different MDR Campylobacter isolates (97.4% of strains were infected). Some biological characteristics were observed, such as a good pH (3-9) stability and moderate temperature tolerance (<50 ℃). The complete genome sequence revealed a linear double-stranded DNA (178,350 bp, group II Campylobacter phage) with 27.51% GC content, including 209 predicted open reading frames, among which only 54 were annotated with known functions. Phylogenetic analysis of the phage major capsid protein demonstrated that phage CP6 was closely related to Campylobacter phage CPt10, CP21, CP20, IBB35, and CP220. CP6 phage exerted good antimicrobial effects on MDR Campylobacter in vitro culture and reduced CFUs of the host cells by up to 1-log compared with the control in artificially contaminated chicken breast meat. Our findings suggested the potential of CP6 phage as a promising antimicrobial agent for combating MDR Campylobacter in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Mengjun Tang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Junxian Lu
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Xiujun Tang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Lina Ma
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - Yushi Gao
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Supervision, Inspection & Testing Centre for Poultry Quality (Yangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.
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Osborne OJ, Boobis A, Botham P, Price SC, Kuhnle GC, Mulholland C, Potter C, Gott D. The new normal chemical landscape: the future of risk assessment toward optimum consumer safety. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae016. [PMID: 38450177 PMCID: PMC10913381 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The further optimization of consumer safety through risk assessment of chemicals present in food will require adaptability and flexibility to utilize the accelerating developments in safety science and technology. New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) are gaining traction as a systematic approach to support informed decision making in chemical risk assessment. The vision is to be able to predict risk more accurately, rapidly and efficiently. The opportunity exists now to use these approaches which requires a strategy to translate the science into future regulatory implementation. Here we discuss new insights obtained from three recent workshops on how to translate the science into future regulatory implementation. To assist the UK in this endeavor, the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and the scientific advisory committee on chemical toxicity (COT) have been developing a roadmap. In addition, we discuss how these new insights fit into the bigger picture of the new chemical landscape for better consumer safety and the importance of international harmonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Osborne
- Chemical Risk Assessment Team, Science, Evidence and Research Division, Food Standards Agency, Petty France, Westminster, London SW1H 9EX, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Boobis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Botham
- Syngenta, Global Product Safety, Jealott’s Hill, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gunter C Kuhnle
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6UR, United Kingdom
| | - Cath Mulholland
- Chemical Risk Assessment Team, Science, Evidence and Research Division, Food Standards Agency, Petty France, Westminster, London SW1H 9EX, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Potter
- Chemical Risk Assessment Team, Science, Evidence and Research Division, Food Standards Agency, Petty France, Westminster, London SW1H 9EX, United Kingdom
| | - David Gott
- Chemical Risk Assessment Team, Science, Evidence and Research Division, Food Standards Agency, Petty France, Westminster, London SW1H 9EX, United Kingdom
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Tammone Santos A, Riva E, Condorí WE, Fernández V, Rodriguez MG, Rivero MA, Faraco M, Aguirre P, Loyza L, Caselli AE, Uhart MM, Estein SM. Trichinella Infection in Culled Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from El Palmar National Park, Argentina, and Exposure Risk in Humans and Dogs Consuming Wild Boar Meat. J Wildl Dis 2024; 60:401-412. [PMID: 38314854 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-23-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Trichinellosis is a foodborne disease caused by ingestion of raw or undercooked meat containing Trichinella spp. larvae. Consumption of wild boar (Sus scrofa) meat represents an important source of human trichinellosis worldwide. In El Palmar National Park (EPNP), Argentina, invasive alien wild boars are controlled and meat from culled animals is released for public consumption following on-site artificial digestion (AD) testing. Meat trimmings and offal from the control program are often used as food for dogs (Canis familiaris). We evaluated infection and exposure to Trichinella spp. in wild boars from EPNP, as well as exposure to Trichinella spp. and associated risk factors in dogs and human consumers of wild boar meat. Trichinella spp. larvae were detected in muscle samples from 5/49 wild boars by AD (10.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8%-23%), with a mean burden of 0.24 larvae per gram (lpg; range, 0.06-0.95 lpg). Anti-Trichinella antibodies were not detected in wild boar serum samples (n=42). In dogs, 12/34 were seropositive to Trichinella spp. (35.29%; 95%, CI, 20.3%-53.5%). Immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies were not detected in human serum samples (n=63). Our results reveal the presence, albeit at low prevalence, of Trichinella spp. in wild boars and exposure in dogs fed game offal. These findings suggest that the low prevalence and parasitic load in wild boars, together with the best practices applied by EPNP culling program personnel, contribute to keeping the risk of infection in people low. The dog results highlight that the parasite is circulating in the area, and therefore the risk of infection is not negligible. We recommend the implementation of an animal surveillance strategy in order to monitor the evolution of this zoonosis in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostina Tammone Santos
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Programa de Conservación Comunitaria del Territorio, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eliana Riva
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área de Parasitología y Enfermedades Parasitarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter E Condorí
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Programa de Conservación Comunitaria del Territorio, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valentina Fernández
- Programa de Conservación Comunitaria del Territorio, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo G Rodriguez
- Área de Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana A Rivero
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área de Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Matias Faraco
- Programa de Conservación Comunitaria del Territorio, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Aguirre
- Departamento de Zoonosis Rurales, Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, España 770, Azul, 7300, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Loyza
- Programa de Conservación Comunitaria del Territorio, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Administración de Parques Nacionales, Av. Rivadavia 1475, C1009ABM, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea E Caselli
- Programa de Conservación Comunitaria del Territorio, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela M Uhart
- One Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B ground floor, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Silvia M Estein
- Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Campus Universitario, Paraje Arroyo Seco s/n, Tandil, 7000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Rios-Muñoz L, Gonzálvez M, Caballero-Gomez J, Castro-Scholten S, Casares-Jimenez M, Agulló-Ros I, Corona-Mata D, García-Bocanegra I, Lopez-Lopez P, Fajardo T, Mesquita JR, Risalde MA, Rivero-Juarez A, Rivero A. Detection of Rat Hepatitis E Virus in Pigs, Spain, 2023. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:823-826. [PMID: 38526410 PMCID: PMC10977822 DOI: 10.3201/eid3004.231629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We identified rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA in farmed pigs from Spain. Our results indicate that pigs might be susceptible to rat HEV and could serve as viral intermediaries between rodents and humans. Europe should evaluate the prevalence of rat HEV in farmed pigs to assess the risk to public health.
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Hung C, Chu W, Huang W, Lee P, Kuo W, Hou C, Yang C, Yang A, Wu W, Kuo M, Wu M, Chen W. Safety assessment of a proprietary fermented soybean solution, Symbiota®, as an ingredient for use in foods and dietary supplements: Non-clinical studies and a randomized trial. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2346-2363. [PMID: 38628176 PMCID: PMC11016383 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A safety evaluation was performed of Symbiota®, which is made by a proprietary anaerobic fermentation process of soybean with multistrains of probiotics and a yeast. The battery of genotoxicity studies showed that Symbiota® has no genotoxic effects. Safety and tolerability were further assessed by acute or repeated dose 28- and 90-day rodent studies, and no alterations in clinical observations, ophthalmological examination, blood chemistry, urinalysis, or hematology were observed between the control group and the different dosing groups (1.5, 5, and 15 mL/kg/day). There were no adverse effects on specific tissues or organs in terms of weight and histopathology. Importantly, the Symbiota® treatment did not perturb hormones and other endocrine-related endpoints. Of note, the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level was determined to be 15 mL/kg/day in rats. Moreover, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was recently conducted with healthy volunteers who consumed 8 mL/day of placebo or Symbiota® for 8 weeks. Only mild adverse events were reported in both groups, and the blood chemistry and blood cell profiles were also similar between the two groups. In summary, this study concluded that the oral consumption of Symbiota® at 8 mL/day by the general population does not pose any human health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chia‐Chun Yang
- Microbio Co., LtdTaipeiTaiwan
- Microbio (Shanghai) Biotech CompanyShanghaiChina
| | | | - Wei‐Kai Wu
- Department of Medical ResearchNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Ming‐Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Internal MedicineNational Taiwan University College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
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Faria PB, Erasmus SW, Bruhn FRP, van Ruth SM. An account of the occurrence of residues from veterinary drugs and contaminants in animal-derived products: a case study on Brazilian supply chains. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2024; 41:365-384. [PMID: 38346259 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2315140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Brazil plays an important role in ensuring its position on the international market by assuring high food safety standards for its products, and all products should meet the requirements for residues from veterinary drugs and contaminants in animal products. Statutory monitoring provides insights into the compliance of the Brazilian industry regarding these legal requirements. The objective of this study was to provide insight into the safety of Brazilian animal products by reporting the occurrence of residues from veterinary drugs and contaminants according to an analysis of an 11-year report published by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA). Between 2010 and 2021, 166,647 samples from animal-derived products were analyzed in Brazil, and 624 of those samples were non-compliant (0.37%) exceeding maximum residue limits (>MRLs) or showed the presence of prohibited substances. The most common types of substances found in the non-compliant samples were heavy metals, parasiticides, and antimicrobials, accounting for 82% of all documents from the MAPA. Among Brazilian products, the challenge related to occurrence of substances varied across the food supply chain, with highest incidence rates observed in the fish chain, followed by eggs, milk, equids, sheep/goat, honey, bovine, swine, and broilers chains in decreasing order. Considering the type of substance, heavy metals were found to be more prevalent in fish products, mainly arsenic in wild fish. The prevalence of contaminants and heavy metals decreased, while that of veterinary drugs increased in Brazilian products from 2010 to 2021. From these results, it can be concluded that the number of accidental incidents including those associated with environmental contaminants decreased over the last decade, opposed to those involving human adversaries and deliberate illegal actions, such as the abuse of veterinary drugs, increased. Future monitoring plans need to take this paradigm shift into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Faria
- Department of Veterinary Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Sara W Erasmus
- Food Quality and Design, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio R P Bruhn
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão Do Leão, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Saskia M van Ruth
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Payne M, Williamson S, Wang Q, Zhang X, Sintchenko V, Pavic A, Lan R. Emergence of Poultry-Associated Human Salmonella enterica Serovar Abortusovis Infections, New South Wales, Australia. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:691-700. [PMID: 38526124 PMCID: PMC10977856 DOI: 10.3201/eid3004.230958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis is a ovine-adapted pathogen that causes spontaneous abortion. Salmonella Abortusovis was reported in poultry in 2009 and has since been reported in human infections in New South Wales, Australia. Phylogenomic analysis revealed a clade of 51 closely related isolates from Australia originating in 2004. That clade was genetically distinct from ovine-associated isolates. The clade was widespread in New South Wales poultry production facilities but was only responsible for sporadic human infections. Some known virulence factors associated with human infections were only found in the poultry-associated clade, some of which were acquired through prophages and plasmids. Furthermore, the ovine-associated clade showed signs of genome decay, but the poultry-associated clade did not. Those genomic changes most likely led to differences in host range and disease type. Surveillance using the newly identified genetic markers will be vital for tracking Salmonella Abortusovis transmission in animals and to humans and preventing future outbreaks.
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38
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Petrin S, Tiengo A, Longo A, Furlan M, Marafin E, Zavagnin P, Orsini M, Losasso C, Barco L. Uncommon Salmonella Infantis Variants with Incomplete Antigenic Formula in the Poultry Food Chain, Italy. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:795-799. [PMID: 38526241 PMCID: PMC10977818 DOI: 10.3201/eid3004.231074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncommon Salmonella Infantis variants displaying only flagellar antigens phenotypically showed identical incomplete antigenic formula but differed by molecular serotyping. Although most formed rough colonies, all shared antimicrobial resistances and the presence of usg gene with wild-type Salmonella Infantis. Moreover, they were undistinguishable wild-type Salmonella Infantis by whole-genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandra Longo
- National and World Organisation for Animal Health Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Maddalena Furlan
- National and World Organisation for Animal Health Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Elisa Marafin
- National and World Organisation for Animal Health Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Paola Zavagnin
- National and World Organisation for Animal Health Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Orsini
- National and World Organisation for Animal Health Reference Laboratory for Salmonella, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
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39
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Hemmati F, Hosseini H, Mostashari P, Aliyeva A, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Application of molecularly imprinted polymers as the sorbent for extraction of chemical contaminants from milk. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:2015-2030. [PMID: 37115101 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2207484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Milk is one of the most consumed and balanced foods with a high nutritional value which could be contaminated with different chemicals such as antibiotics, melamine, and hormones. Because of the low concentration of these compounds and the complexity of milk samples, there is a need to use sample pre-treatment methods for purification and preconcentration of these compounds before instrumental techniques. Molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs) are synthetic materials with specific recognition sites complementary to the target molecule. MIPs have selectivity for a specific analyte or group of analytes, which could be used to extract and determine contaminants and remove the interfering compounds from complex samples. Compared to other techniques, sample preparation, high selectivity, excellent stability, and low cost are other advantages of using MIPs. The present article gives an overview of the synthesis of MIPs and their application for extracting antibiotics, hormones, and melamine in milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hemmati
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Mostashari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aynura Aliyeva
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Technology of Chemistry, Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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40
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Koomen J, Ma X, Bombelli A, Tempelaars MH, Boeren S, Zwietering MH, den Besten HMW, Abee T. Ribosomal mutations enable a switch between high fitness and high stress resistance in Listeria monocytogenes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1355268. [PMID: 38605704 PMCID: PMC11006974 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1355268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple stress resistant variants of Listeria monocytogenes with mutations in rpsU encoding ribosomal protein RpsU have previously been isolated after a single exposure to acid stress. These variants, including L. monocytogenes LO28 variant V14 with a complete deletion of the rpsU gene, showed upregulation of the general stress sigma factor Sigma B-mediated stress resistance genes and had a lower maximum specific growth rate than the LO28 WT, signifying a trade-off between stress resistance and fitness. In the current work V14 has been subjected to an experimental evolution regime, selecting for higher fitness in two parallel evolving cultures. This resulted in two evolved variants with WT-like fitness: 14EV1 and 14EV2. Comparative analysis of growth performance, acid and heat stress resistance, in combination with proteomics and RNA-sequencing, indicated that in both lines reversion to WT-like fitness also resulted in WT-like stress sensitivity, due to lack of Sigma B-activated stress defense. Notably, genotyping of 14EV1 and 14EV2 provided evidence for unique point-mutations in the ribosomal rpsB gene causing amino acid substitutions at the same position in RpsB, resulting in RpsB22Arg-His and RpsB22Arg-Ser, respectively. Combined with data obtained with constructed RpsB22Arg-His and RpsB22Arg-Ser mutants in the V14 background, we provide evidence that loss of function of RpsU resulting in the multiple stress resistant and reduced fitness phenotype, can be reversed by single point mutations in rpsB leading to arginine substitutions in RpsB at position 22 into histidine or serine, resulting in a WT-like high fitness and low stress resistance phenotype. This demonstrates the impact of genetic changes in L. monocytogenes' ribosomes on fitness and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Koomen
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Xuchuan Ma
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Alberto Bombelli
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Yang S, Lin H, Yang P, Meng J, Abdallah MF, Shencheng Y, Li R, Li J, Liu S, Li Q, Lu P, Zhang R, Li Y. Advancing High-Throughput MS-Based Protein Quantification: A Case Study on Quantifying 10 Major Food Allergens by LC-MS/MS Using a One-Sample Multipoint External Calibration Curve. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:6625-6637. [PMID: 38494953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The LC-MS-based method has emerged as the preferred approach for quantifying food allergens. However, the preparation of a traditional calibration curve (MSCC) is labor-intensive and error-prone. Here, a sensitive and robust LC-MS/MS method for quantifying 10 major food allergens was developed and validated, where the one-sample multipoint external calibration curve (OSCC) was employed instead of MSCC. By employing the multiple isotopologue reaction monitoring (MIRM) technique with only one spiked level in the blank, OSCC can be effectively established. Results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits excellent performance in selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy, and precision, comparable to that of the traditional MSCC. Additionally, this strategy allows for isotope sample dilution by monitoring the less abundant MIRM channel. Moreover, the developed method was successfully applied to investigate the contamination of 10 food allergens in commercial food products. With its high throughput and robustness, the MIRM-OSCC-LC-MS/MS methodology has many potential applications, especially in the MS-based protein quantification analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shupeng Yang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Haopeng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijie Yang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhong Meng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamed F Abdallah
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Yingnan Shencheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruohan Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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42
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Menikheim CB, Mousavi S, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM. Polyphenolic compounds in the combat of foodborne infections - An update on recent evidence. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2024. [PMID: 38526560 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2024.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of food-borne bacterial enteric diseases has increased worldwide causing significant health care and socioeconomic burdens. According to the World Health Organization, there are an estimated 600 million cases of foodborne illnesses worldwide each year, resulting in 420,000 deaths. Despite intensive efforts to tackle this problem, foodborne pathogenic microorganisms continue to be spread further. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find novel anti-microbial non-toxic compounds for food preservation. One way to tackle this issue may be the usage of polyphenols, which have received increasing attention in the recent years given their pleotropic health-promoting properties. This prompted us to perform a literature search summarizing studies from the past 10 years regarding the potential anti-microbial and disease-alleviating effects of plant-derived phenolic compounds against foodborne bacterial pathogens. The included 16 studies provide evidence that polyphenols show pronounced anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species. In addition, synergistic anti-microbial effects in combination with synthetic antibiotics were observed. In conclusion, phenolic compounds may be useful as natural anti-microbial agents in the food, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries in the combat of foodborne infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin B Menikheim
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Kowalska J, Maćkiw E, Korsak D, Postupolski J. Prevalence of Bacillus cereus in food products in Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med 2024; 31:8-12. [PMID: 38549471 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/168580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen causing two main types of gastrointestinal diseases: emetic and diarrheal. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the Bacillus cereus group in ready-to-eat (RTE) food products available in retail in Poland. MATERIAL AND METHODS Samples were collected by Sanitary and Epidemiological Stations within the framework of the national official control and monitoring sampling programme in Poland. In 2016-2020, a total of 45,358 food samples, such as: 'confectionery products and products with cream', as well as 'cereal grains and cereal and flour products', 'milk and milk products', 'sugar and others', 'meat offal and meat products', 'poultry offal and poultry products', 'eggs and egg products', 'fish, seafood and their preserves', 'vegetables' (including legumes), 'coffee, tea, cocoa, fruit, and herbal teas', 'delicatessen and culinary products', and 'foods for particular nutritional uses' were collected. RESULTS The presence of the presumptive B. cereus group was monitored mainly in two categories of food products: 'confectionery products and products with uncooked cream' and 'confectionery products and products with heat-treated cream'. The number of samples disqualified due to presumptive B. cereus was 339 (0.75%). CONCLUSIONS This study provides useful information regarding the contamination of RTE products with the B. cereus group, which may have implications for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kowalska
- National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Maćkiw
- National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Postupolski
- National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Isin RB, Gumus D, Kizil M. Variations in Food Safety Concerns, Hygiene Practices, and Purchasing Behaviors During Pandemic Era: What We Learnt from Coronavirus Disease 2019. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024. [PMID: 38517739 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the food safety concerns, purchasing behaviors, and hygiene practices of individuals who contracted and did not contract the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A total of 2393 individuals 18-65 years years of age, 760 who contracted and 1633 who did not contract SARS-CoV-2 infection, participated in the study. Participants were administered a questionnaire to assess demographic information, food safety concerns, hygiene practices, purchasing behavior, and fear of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Results indicated that 56.3% of participants expressed concern about food safety, and 67% were concerned about infected individuals while shopping. Participants who did not contract COVID-19 had higher levels of food safety concerns and generally adhered to better hygiene practices such as handwashing, hygienic food preparation, sanitizer use, and cleaning and disinfection practices (p < 0.05). Overall, purchasing behaviors did not significantly differ by the infection status, except for a significant difference in reduced purchase frequency (p < 0.001). In addition, purchasing behavior varied in relation to fear levels (p < 0.05). As the pandemic appears to be increasingly controlled, the insights gained from managing outbreaks might contribute to improved understanding and preparedness for global pandemics and food safety education in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Busra Isin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Damla Gumus
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mevlude Kizil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bester C, Käsbohrer A, Wilkins N, Correia Carreira G, Marschik T. Identification of cost-effective biosecurity measures to reduce Salmonella along the pork production chain. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1380029. [PMID: 38562917 PMCID: PMC10983795 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1380029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The continued occurrence of salmonellosis cases in Europe attributed to the consumption of pork products highlights the importance of identifying cost-effective interventions. Certain biosecurity measures (BSMs) may be effective in reducing the prevalence of specific pathogens along the pork production chain and their presence in food products. The objective of this study was to identify pathogen-specific, cost-effective BSMs to reduce Salmonella at different stages of the pork production chain in two European countries - Austria (AT) and the United Kingdom (UK). For this purpose, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted based on the epidemiological output of an established quantitative microbiological risk assessment that simulated the implementation effect of the BSMs based on their risk ratios. For each of the BSMs, the associated costs and benefits were assessed individually and country-specifically. For both AT and UK, nine different BSMs were evaluated assuming a countrywide implementation rate of 100%. The results showed that four BSMs were cost-effective (benefit-cost ratio > 1) for AT and five for the UK. The uncertainty regarding the cost-effectiveness of the BSMs resulted from the variability of individual risk ratios, and the variability of benefits associated with the implementation of the BSMs. The low number of cost-effective BSMs highlights the need for holistic risk-based models and economic assessments. To increase the willingness to implement BSMs and maximize the benefits for stakeholders, who carry the majority of the implementation costs, epidemiological assessments of BSM effectiveness should consider the impact on several relevant pathogens simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bester
- Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annemarie Käsbohrer
- Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Unit Epidemiology, Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Neil Wilkins
- Department of Epidemiological Sciences, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom
| | - Guido Correia Carreira
- Unit Epidemiology, Zoonoses and Antimicrobial Resistance, Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tatiana Marschik
- Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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da Silva ITF, Medeiros CO, Leobet J, Beux MR, Rabito EI, Etgeton SAP, Fiori LS. Assessment of the risk of contamination of enteral nutrition bottles based on the simulation of home use conditions and hygiene procedures. Nutr Clin Pract 2024. [PMID: 38491970 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Home-prepared enteral formulations are supplied to patients through enteral nutrition bottles, via a gravity bag or other container, which may be inadequately sanitized and reused more times than recommended by the manufacturer. Such procedures increase the risk of contamination and can compromise the patient's clinical outcome. In light of this, the present study aimed to assess the risk of contamination of enteral nutrition bottles by simulating home use conditions and hygiene procedures. METHODS A simulation of bottle usage was conducted across the three categories of enteral nutrition (homemade enteral preparations, blended enteral preparations, and commercial enteral formulas) for 3 days, using three hygiene procedures reported by caregivers: use of detergent (DET); use of detergent and boiling water (DET+BW); and use of detergent and bleach (DET+BL). The microbiological contamination was determined by the analysis of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms. RESULTS The bottles that were used for 3 days, regardless of the enteral nutrition category, were within the acceptable limit for aerobic mesophilic microorganisms (between <4 and 8.0 colony-forming units [CFU]/cm2 ) when sanitized using the DET+BW and DET+BL procedures. The enteral nutrition bottles, when cleaned using the DET procedure during the 3 days of usage, showed low microbial contamination (between <4 and 3.0 CFU/cm2 ) in blended preparation and commercial formula only. CONCLUSION Thus, regardless of the enteral nutrition category, we found that the bottles can be used for 3 days, as long as the DET+BW or DET+BL hygiene procedure is applied and safe food handling measures are adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline O Medeiros
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Leobet
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Beux
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Estela I Rabito
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Schaina A P Etgeton
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lize S Fiori
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Parana, Paraná, Brazil
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da Silva Guedes J, Velilla-Rodriguez D, González-Fandos E. Microbiological Quality and Safety of Fresh Rabbit Meat with Special Reference to Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and ESBL-Producing E. coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:256. [PMID: 38534691 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the microbial quality and safety of rabbit meat. A total of 49 rabbit meat samples were taken at the retail level. The mesophiles, staphylococci, Enterobacterales, and Pseudomonas spp. counts were 4.94 ± 1.08, 2.59 ± 0.70, 2.82 ± 0.67, and 3.23 ± 0.76 log CFU/g, respectively. Campylobacter spp. were not detected in any sample. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from one sample (2.04%) at levels below 1.00 log CFU/g. Multi-resistant S aureus was found in seven samples (14.9%). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, M. caseolyticus, and M. sciuri were found in a sample each (10.20%), and all of them were multi-resistant. Multi-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli were detected in two samples from the same retailer (4.08%). The high resistance found in methicillin-resistant staphylococci and ESBL-producing E. coli is of particular concern, and suggests that special measures should be taken in rabbit meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica da Silva Guedes
- Food Technology Department, CIVA Research Center, University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logrono, Spain
| | - David Velilla-Rodriguez
- Food Technology Department, CIVA Research Center, University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logrono, Spain
| | - Elena González-Fandos
- Food Technology Department, CIVA Research Center, University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logrono, Spain
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Rheman S, Hossain S, Sarker MS, Akter F, Khor L, Gan HM, Powell A, Card RM, Hounmanou YMG, Dalsgaard A, Mohan CV, Bupasha ZB, Samad MA, Verner-Jeffreys DW, Delamare-Deboutteville J. Nanopore sequencing for identification and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from tilapia and shrimp sold at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1329620. [PMID: 38516018 PMCID: PMC10956512 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1329620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Wet markets in low-and middle-income countries are often reported to have inadequate sanitation resulting in fecal contamination of sold produce. Consumption of contaminated wet market-sourced foods has been linked to individual illness and disease outbreaks. This pilot study, conducted in two major wet markets in Dhaka city, Bangladesh during a 4-month period in 2021 aimed to assess the occurrence and characteristics of Escherichia coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (NTS) from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Fifty-four individuals of each species were collected. The identity of the bacterial isolates was confirmed by PCR and their susceptibility toward 15 antimicrobials was tested by disk diffusion. The whole genome of 15 E. coli and nine Salmonella spp. were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology. E. coli was present in 60-74% of tilapia muscle tissue and 41-44% of shrimp muscle tissue. Salmonella spp. was found in skin (29%) and gills (26%) of tilapia, and occasionally in muscle and intestinal samples of shrimp. The E. coli had several Multilocus sequence typing and serotypes and limited antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, such as point mutations on glpT and pmrB. One E. coli (BD17) from tilapia carried resistance genes for beta-lactams, quinolones, and tetracycline. All the E. coli belonged to commensal phylogroups B1 and A and showed no Shiga-toxin and other virulence genes, confirming their commensal non-pathogenic status. Among the Salmonella isolates, five belonged to Kentucky serovar and had similar AMR genes and phenotypic resistance patterns. Three strains of this serovar were ST198, often associated with human disease, carried the same resistance genes, and were genetically related to strains from the region. The two undetermined sequence types of S. Kentucky were distantly related and positioned in a separate phylogenetic clade. Two Brunei serovar isolates, one Augustenborg isolate, and one Hartford isolate showed different resistance profiles. This study revealed high fecal contamination levels in tilapia and shrimp sold at two main wet markets in Dhaka. Together with the occurrence of Salmonella spp., including S. Kentucky ST198, a well-known human pathogen, these results stress the need to improve hygienic practices and sanitation standards at markets to improve food safety and protect consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafiq Rheman
- Laboratory Department of Sustainable Aquaculture, WorldFish, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabrina Hossain
- Laboratory Department of Sustainable Aquaculture, WorldFish, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Samun Sarker
- Antimicrobial Resistance Action Center (ARAC), Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Akter
- Laboratory Department of Sustainable Aquaculture, WorldFish, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Laura Khor
- Department of Sustainable Aquaculture, WorldFish, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Han Ming Gan
- Patriot Biotech Sdn Bhd, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Andy Powell
- Weymouth Laboratory, Cefas: Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom
- Veterinary Medicines Directorate FAO Reference Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance, Weybridge, United Kingdom
| | - Roderick M. Card
- Bacteriology Department, Animal Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, United Kingdom
| | - Yaovi Mahuton Gildas Hounmanou
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anders Dalsgaard
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Zamila Bueaza Bupasha
- Antimicrobial Resistance Action Center (ARAC), Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A. Samad
- Antimicrobial Resistance Action Center (ARAC), Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - David W. Verner-Jeffreys
- Weymouth Laboratory, Cefas: Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom
- Veterinary Medicines Directorate FAO Reference Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance, Weybridge, United Kingdom
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49
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Berglund Z, Simsek S, Feng Y. Effectiveness of Online Food-Safety Educational Programs: A Systematic Review, Random-Effects Meta-Analysis, and Thematic Synthesis. Foods 2024; 13:794. [PMID: 38472907 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Online food-safety educational programs are increasingly important to educate different populations as technology and culture shift to using more technology. However, the broad effectiveness of these programs has yet to be examined. A systematic review, random-effects meta-analysis, and thematic synthesis are conducted to identify the effect size of online food-safety educational programs on knowledge, attitudes, and practices of consumers, food workers, and students and their respective barriers and recommendations. Online food-safety education was found to be of moderate and low effectiveness, with attitudes being the lowest in all populations. Consumers struggled with staying focused, and it was found that messaging should focus on risk communication. Students struggled with social isolation and a lack of time, and it was recommended that videos be used. Food workers struggled with a lack of time for training and difficulty understanding the material, and future programs are recommended to implement shorter but more frequent trainings with simple language. Future online food-safety educational programs should focus on incorporating social elements, as they can remain a huge barrier to learning. They should also focus on changing the participant's attitude to risk perception and beliefs in the importance of food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Berglund
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Senay Simsek
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yaohua Feng
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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50
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Seyoum ET, Eguale T, Habib I, Oliveira CJB, Monte DFM, Yang B, Gebreyes WA, Alali WQ. Pre-Harvest Food Safety Challenges in Food-Animal Production in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:786. [PMID: 38473171 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Food safety remains a significant global public health concern, with the risk of unsafe food varying worldwide. The economies of several low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) heavily rely on livestock, posing a challenge to ensuring the production of safe food. This review discusses our understanding of pre-harvest critical issues related to food safety in LMICs, specifically focusing on animal-derived food. In LMICs, food safety regulations are weak and inadequately enforced, primarily concentrating on the formal market despite a substantial portion of the food sector being dominated by informal markets. Key critical issues at the farm level include animal health, a low level of good agriculture practices, and the misuse of antimicrobials. Effectively addressing foodborne diseases requires a comprehensive One Health framework. Unfortunately, the application of the One Health approach to tackle food safety issues is notably limited in LMICs. In conclusion, considering that most animal-source foods from LMICs are marketed through informal channels, food safety legislation and policies need to account for this context. Interventions aimed at reducing foodborne bacterial pathogens at the farm level should be scalable, and there should be strong advocacy for the proper implementation of pre-harvest interventions through a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyasu T Seyoum
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Eguale
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
| | - Ihab Habib
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. Box 21511, Egypt
- ASPIRE Research Institute for Food Security in the Drylands (ARIFSID), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Celso J B Oliveira
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil
| | - Daniel F M Monte
- Department of Animal Science, College for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (CCA/UFPB), Areia 58397-000, PB, Brazil
| | - Baowei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Wondwossen A Gebreyes
- Ohio State Global One Health, Addis Ababa 62347, Ethiopia
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43214, USA
| | - Walid Q Alali
- Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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