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Della Sala F, Longobardo G, Borzacchiello A. Collagen-Mesenchymal Stem Cell Microspheres Embedded in Hyaluronic Acid Solutions as Biphasic Stem Niche Delivery Systems for Pulmonary Differentiation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38743786 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cell therapy has the potential to become a feasible solution for several diseases, such as those related to the lungs and airways, considering the more beneficial intratracheal administration route. However, in lung diseases, an impaired pulmonary extracellular matrix (ECM) precludes injury resolution with a faulty engraftment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at the lung level. Furthermore, a shielding strategy to avoid cell damage as well as cell loss due to backflow through the injection path is required. Here, an approach to deliver cells encapsulated in a biomimetic stem niche is used, in which the interplay between cells and physiological lung ECM constituents, such as collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA), can occur. To this aim, a biphasic delivery system based on MSCs encapsulated in collagen microspheres (mCOLLs) without chemical modification and embedded in an injectable HA solution has been developed. Such biphasic delivery systems can both increase the mucoadhesive properties at the site of interest and improve cell viability and pulmonary differentiation. Rheological results showed a similar viscosity at high shear rates compared to the MSC suspension used in intratracheal administration. The size of the mCOLLs can be controlled, resulting in a lower value of 200 μm, suitable for delivery in alveolar sacs. Biological results showed that mCOLLs maintained good cell viability, and when they were suspended in lung medium implemented with low molecular weight HA, the differentiation ability of the MSCs was further enhanced compared to their differentiation ability in only lung medium. Overall, the results showed that this strategy has the potential to improve the delivery and viability of MSCs, along with their differentiation ability, in the pulmonary lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Della Sala
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Longobardo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Assunta Borzacchiello
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Viale J.F. Kennedy 54, 80125 Naples, Italy
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Khaledi M, Ahmadi MH, Owlia P, Saderi H. Antimicrobial Effects of Mouse Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Encapsulated in Collagen-Fibrin Hydrogel Scaffolds on Bacteroides fragilis Wound Infection in vivo. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:257-68. [PMID: 37873638 PMCID: PMC10707812 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.27.5.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Anaerobes are the causative agents of many wound infections. B. fragilis is the most prevalent endogenous anaerobic bacterium causes a wide range of diseases, including wound infections. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of mouse adipocyte derived-mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSCs) encapsulated in collagen-fibrin (CF) hydrogel scaffolds on B. fragilis wound infection in an animal model. Methods Stem cells were extracted from mouse adipose tissue and confirmed by surface markers using flow cytometry analysis. The possibility of differentiation of stem cells into osteoblast and adipocyte cells was also assessed. The extracted stem cells were encapsulated in the CF scaffold. B. fragilis wound infection was induced in rats, and then following 24 h, collagen and fibrin-encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were applied to dress the wound. One week later, a standard colony count test monitored the bacterial load in the infected rats. Results MSCs were characterized as positive for CD44, CD90, and CD105 markers and negative for CD34, which were able to differentiate into osteoblast and adipocyte cells. AD-MSCs encapsulated with collagen and fibrin scaffolds showed ameliorating effects on B. fragilis wound infection. Additionally, AD-MSCs with a collagen scaffold (54 CFU/g) indicated a greater effect on wound infection than AD-MSCs with a fibrin scaffold (97 CFU/g). The combined CF scaffold demonstrated the highest reduction in colony count (the bacteria load down to 29 CFU/g) in the wound infection. Conclusion Our findings reveal that the use of collagen and fibrin scaffold in combination with mouse AD-MSCs is a promising alternative treatment for B. fragilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Khaledi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parviz Owlia
- Molecular Microbiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Horieh Saderi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Ouyang Z, Dong L, Yao F, Wang K, Chen Y, Li S, Zhou R, Zhao Y, Hu W. Cartilage-Related Collagens in Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9841. [PMID: 37372989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagens serve essential mechanical functions throughout the body, particularly in the connective tissues. In articular cartilage, collagens provide most of the biomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix essential for its function. Collagen plays a very important role in maintaining the mechanical properties of articular cartilage and the stability of the ECM. Noteworthily, many pathogenic factors in the course of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, such as mechanical injury, inflammation, and senescence, are involved in the irreversible degradation of collagen, leading to the progressive destruction of cartilage. The degradation of collagen can generate new biochemical markers with the ability to monitor disease progression and facilitate drug development. In addition, collagen can also be used as a biomaterial with excellent properties such as low immunogenicity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and hydrophilicity. This review not only provides a systematic description of collagen and analyzes the structural characteristics of articular cartilage and the mechanisms of cartilage damage in disease states but also provides a detailed characterization of the biomarkers of collagen production and the role of collagen in cartilage repair, providing ideas and techniques for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230032, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230032, China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
| | - Shufang Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
| | - Renpeng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230032, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230601, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Heifei 230032, China
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Zhou X, Shen N, Tao Y, Wang J, Xia K, Ying L, Zhang Y, Huang X, Hua J, Liang C, Chen Q, Li F. Nucleus pulposus cell-derived efficient microcarrier for intervertebral disc tissue engineering. Biofabrication 2023; 15. [PMID: 36689761 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acb572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) show great potential for the treatment of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. An ideal carrier is necessary to transplant ADSCs into degenerated IVDs without influencing cell function. Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) can synthesize and deposit chondroitin sulfate and type II collagen which are NP-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) and can also regulate the NP-specific differentiation of stem cells. Bioscaffolds fabricated based on the ECM synthesis functions of NPCs have possible roles in cell transplantation and differentiation induction, but it has not been studied. In this study, we first aggregated NPCs into pellets, and then, NPC-derived efficient microcarriers (NPCMs) were fabricated by pellet cultivation under specific conditions and optimized decellularization. Thirdly, we evaluated the microstructure, biochemical composition, biostability and cytotoxicity of the NPCMs. Finally, we investigated the NP-specific differentiation of ADSCs induced by the NPCMsin vitroand NP regeneration induced by the ADSC-loaded NPCMs in a rabbit model. The results indicated that the injectable NPCMs retained maximal ECM and minimal cell nucleic acid after optimized decellularization and had good biostability and no cytotoxicity. The NPCMs also promoted the NP-specific differentiation of ADSCsin vitro. In addition, the results of MRI, x-ray, and the structure and ECM content of NP showed that the ADSCs-loaded NPCMs can partly restored the degenerated NPin vivo. Our injectable NPCMs regenerated the degenerated NP and provide a simplified and efficient strategy for treating IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Tao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwei Ying
- Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 150 Ximen Road, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianpeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Hua
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Rojek K, Ćwiklińska M, Kuczak J, Guzowski J. Microfluidic Formulation of Topological Hydrogels for Microtissue Engineering. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16839-16909. [PMID: 36108106 PMCID: PMC9706502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics has recently emerged as a powerful tool in generation of submillimeter-sized cell aggregates capable of performing tissue-specific functions, so-called microtissues, for applications in drug testing, regenerative medicine, and cell therapies. In this work, we review the most recent advances in the field, with particular focus on the formulation of cell-encapsulating microgels of small "dimensionalities": "0D" (particles), "1D" (fibers), "2D" (sheets), etc., and with nontrivial internal topologies, typically consisting of multiple compartments loaded with different types of cells and/or biopolymers. Such structures, which we refer to as topological hydrogels or topological microgels (examples including core-shell or Janus microbeads and microfibers, hollow or porous microstructures, or granular hydrogels) can be precisely tailored with high reproducibility and throughput by using microfluidics and used to provide controlled "initial conditions" for cell proliferation and maturation into functional tissue-like microstructures. Microfluidic methods of formulation of topological biomaterials have enabled significant progress in engineering of miniature tissues and organs, such as pancreas, liver, muscle, bone, heart, neural tissue, or vasculature, as well as in fabrication of tailored microenvironments for stem-cell expansion and differentiation, or in cancer modeling, including generation of vascularized tumors for personalized drug testing. We review the available microfluidic fabrication methods by exploiting various cross-linking mechanisms and various routes toward compartmentalization and critically discuss the available tissue-specific applications. Finally, we list the remaining challenges such as simplification of the microfluidic workflow for its widespread use in biomedical research, bench-to-bedside transition including production upscaling, further in vivo validation, generation of more precise organ-like models, as well as incorporation of induced pluripotent stem cells as a step toward clinical applications.
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6
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Ding SL, Liu X, Zhao XY, Wang KT, Xiong W, Gao ZL, Sun CY, Jia MX, Li C, Gu Q, Zhang MZ. Microcarriers in application for cartilage tissue engineering: Recent progress and challenges. Bioact Mater 2022; 17:81-108. [PMID: 35386447 PMCID: PMC8958326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful regeneration of cartilage tissue at a clinical scale has been a tremendous challenge in the past decades. Microcarriers (MCs), usually used for cell and drug delivery, have been studied broadly across a wide range of medical fields, especially the cartilage tissue engineering (TE). Notably, microcarrier systems provide an attractive method for regulating cell phenotype and microtissue maturations, they also serve as powerful injectable carriers and are combined with new technologies for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we introduced the typical methods to fabricate various types of microcarriers and discussed the appropriate materials for microcarriers. Furthermore, we highlighted recent progress of applications and general design principle for microcarriers. Finally, we summarized the current challenges and promising prospects of microcarrier-based systems for medical applications. Overall, this review provides comprehensive and systematic guidelines for the rational design and applications of microcarriers in cartilage TE. This review summarized fabrication techniques and cartilage repaired application of microcarriers. The appropriate materials and design principle for microcarriers in cartilage tissue engineering are discussed. Promising future perspectives and challenges in microcarriers fields are outlined.
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Cheng HW, Chik TK, Weir JW, Chan BP. Differentiation of Equine Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cells of Osteochondral Lineage: Potential for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 36001983 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac8c76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Damage to the hyaline cartilage of the joint surface and osteochondral fractures are key factors leading to the development of osteoarthritis in racehorses, representing a significant cause of racehorse retirement. To tissue-engineer an osteochondral unit that is suitable for joint repair, incorporation of a zone of calcified cartilage should be considered so as to mimic its in vivo counterpart. To date, equine mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs) have been reported to have multilineage differentiation potential. Yet the generation of a zone of calcified cartilage using eMSCs has not been reported. This work is an initial attempt to generate a zone of calcified cartilage using eMSCs as the single source of cells and collagen as the scaffolding material. Main advantages of using eMSCs over equine deep zone chondrocytes for the generation of a zone of calcified cartilage include no donor site morbidity and their ease of expansion in culture. Initially, we fabricated cartilage-like tissues and bone-like tissues in vitro by differentiating eMSCs towards chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages for 21 days, respectively. We then aggregated the cartilage-like and bone-like tissues together with a layer of undifferentiated eMSCs-collagen gel in between to generate a 3-layer osteochondral unit. A zone of calcified cartilage was found between the cartilage-like and bone-like layers after a 14-day culture in chondrogenic differentiation medium. These results provide a solution towards tissue engineering of equine osteochondral units with interfacial zone without using chondrocytes harvested from the deep zone of healthy articular cartilage, and contribute to the future development of osteochondral tissue engineering strategies for human cartilage injuries in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Cheng
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Faculty of Engineering, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 00000, HONG KONG
| | - T K Chik
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Faculty of Engineering, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, 00000, HONG KONG
| | - J W Weir
- The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Shatin, Hong Kong, 00000, HONG KONG
| | - B P Chan
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Faculty of Engineering, Room 711, Haking Wong Building, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 00000, CHINA
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Chen P, Zhou Z, Liu W, Huang T, Wu W, Yi M, Zhang C, He X, Fang J. Preparation and Properties of Sodium Alginate/Silk Fibroin Microcarriers. J MACROMOL SCI B 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2022.2093014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional molecular, Ministry of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Tianlong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Daqing Petrochemical Research Institute of CNPC, Daqing, P. R. China
| | - Meiling Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Jianjun Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, P. R. China
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Adeyemi SA, Choonara YE. Current advances in cell therapeutics: A biomacromolecules application perspective. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:521-538. [PMID: 35395914 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2064844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many chronic diseases have evolved and to circumvent the limitations of using conventional drug therapies, smart cell encapsulating delivery systems have been explored to customize the treatment with alignment to disease longevity. Cell therapeutics has advanced in tandem with improvements in biomaterials that can suitably deliver therapeutic cells to achieve targeted therapy. Among the promising biomacromolecules for cell delivery are those that share bio-relevant architecture with the extracellular matrix and display extraordinary compatibility in the presence of therapeutic cells. Interestingly, many biomacromolecules that fulfil these tenets occur naturally and can form hydrogels. AREAS COVERED This review provides a concise incursion into the paradigm shift to cell therapeutics using biomacromolecules. Advances in the design and use of biomacromolecules to assemble smart therapeutic cell carriers is discussed in light of their pivotal role in enhancing cell encapsulation and delivery. In addition, the principles that govern the application of cell therapeutics in diabetes, neuronal disorders, cancers and cardiovascular disease are outlined. EXPERT OPINION Cell therapeutics promises to revolutionize the treatment of various secretory cell dysfunctions. Current and future advances in designing functional biomacromolecules will be critical to ensure that optimal delivery of therapeutic cells is achieved with desired biosafety and potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson A Adeyemi
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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Stepanovska J, Otahal M, Hanzalek K, Supova M, Matejka R. pH Modification of High-Concentrated Collagen Bioinks as a Factor Affecting Cell Viability, Mechanical Properties, and Printability. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040252. [PMID: 34940312 PMCID: PMC8700843 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3D bioprinting of cell-incorporated gels is a promising direction in tissue engineering applications. Collagen-based hydrogels, due to their similarity to extracellular matrix tissue, can be a good candidate for bioink and 3D bioprinting applications. However, low hydrogel concentrations of hydrogel (<10 mg/mL) provide insufficient structural support and, in highly concentrated gels, cell proliferation is reduced. In this study, we showed that it is possible to print highly concentrated collagen hydrogels with incorporated cells, where the viability of the cells in the gel remains very good. This can be achieved simply by optimizing the properties of the bioink, particularly the gel composition and pH modification, as well as by optimizing the printing parameters. The bioink composed of porcine collagen hydrogel with a collagen concentration of 20 mg/mL was tested, while the final bioink collagen concentration was 10 mg/mL. This bioink was modified with 0, 5, 9, 13, 17 and 20 μL/mL of 1M NaOH solution, which affected the resulting pH and gelling time. Cylindrical samples based on the given bioink, with the incorporation of porcine adipose-derived stromal cells, were printed with a custom 3D bioprinter. These constructs were cultivated in static conditions for 6 h, and 3 and 5 days. Cell viability and morphology were evaluated. Mechanical properties were evaluated by means of a compression test. Our results showed that optimal composition and the addition of 13 μL NaOH per mL of bioink adjusted the pH of the bioink enough to allow cells to grow and divide. This modification also contributed to a higher elastic modulus, making it possible to print structures up to several millimeters with sufficient mechanical resistance. We optimized the bioprinter parameters for printing low-viscosity bioinks. With this experiment, we showed that a high concentration of collagen gels may not be a limiting factor for cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Stepanovska
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Martin Otahal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Hanzalek
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.H.)
| | - Monika Supova
- Department of Composites and Carbon Materials, Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 09 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Roman Matejka
- Department of Biomedical Technology, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Sitna 3105, 272 01 Kladno, Czech Republic; (J.S.); (K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-224-359-936
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Ultrasound-Enabled Therapeutic Delivery and Regenerative Medicine: Physical and Biological Perspectives. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:4371-4387. [PMID: 34460238 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of ultrasound in medicine and biological sciences is expanding rapidly beyond its use in conventional diagnostic imaging. Numerous studies have reported the effects of ultrasound on cellular and tissue physiology. Advances in instrumentation and electronics have enabled successful in vivo applications of therapeutic ultrasound. Despite path breaking advances in understanding the biophysical and biological mechanisms at both microscopic and macroscopic scales, there remain substantial gaps. With the progression of research in this area, it is important to take stock of the current understanding of the field and to highlight important areas for future work. We present herein key developments in the biological applications of ultrasound especially in the context of nanoparticle delivery, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine. We conclude with a brief perspective on the current promise, limitations, and future directions for interfacing ultrasound technology with biological systems, which could provide guidance for future investigations in this interdisciplinary area.
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Human Olfactory Mucosa Stem Cells Delivery Using a Collagen Hydrogel: As a Potential Candidate for Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143909. [PMID: 34300827 PMCID: PMC8306468 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
For bone tissue engineering, stem cell-based therapy has become a promising option. Recently, cell transplantation supported by polymeric carriers has been increasingly evaluated. Herein, we encapsulated human olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSC) in the collagen hydrogel system, and their osteogenic potential was assessed in vitro and in vivo conditions. Collagen type I was composed of four different concentrations of (4 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 6 mg/mL, 7 mg/mL). SDS-Page, FTIR, rheologic test, resazurin assay, live/dead assay, and SEM were used to characterize collagen hydrogels. OE-MSCs encapsulated in the optimum concentration of collagen hydrogel and transplanted in rat calvarial defects. The tissue samples were harvested after 4- and 8-weeks post-transplantation and assessed by optical imaging, micro CT, and H&E staining methods. The highest porosity and biocompatibility were confirmed in all scaffolds. The collagen hydrogel with 7 mg/mL concentration was presented as optimal mechanical properties close to the naïve bone. Furthermore, the same concentration illustrated high osteogenic differentiation confirmed by real-time PCR and alizarin red S methods. Bone healing has significantly occurred in defects treated with OE-MSCs encapsulated hydrogels in vivo. As a result, OE-MSCs with suitable carriers could be used as an appropriate cell source to address clinical bone complications.
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Lim Lam VK, Hin Wong JY, Chew SY, Chan BP. Rac1-GTPase regulates compression-induced actin protrusions (CAPs) of mesenchymal stem cells in 3D collagen micro-tissues. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120829. [PMID: 33933985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cells can sense mechanical signals through cytoskeleton reorganization. We previously discovered the formation of omni-directional actin protrusions upon compression loading, namely compression-induced actin protrusions (CAPs), in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in 3D micro-tissues. Here, the regulatory roles of three RhoGTPases (CDC42, Rac1 and RhoA) in the formation of CAPs were investigated. Upon compression loading, extensive formation of CAPs was found, significantly associated with an upregulated mRNA expression of Rac1 only, but not CDC42, nor RhoA. Upon chemical inhibition of these RhoGTPase activity during compression, only Rac1 activity was significantly suppressed, associating with the reduced CAP formation. Silencing the upstream regulators of these RhoGTPase pathways including Rac1 by specific siRNA dramatically disrupted actin cytoskeleton, distorted cell morphology and aborted CAP formation. Silencing cortactin (CTTN), a downstream effector of the Rac1 pathway, induced a compensatory upregulation of Rac1, enabling the MSCs to respond to the compression loading stimulus in terms of CAP formation, although at a reduced number. The importance of Rac1 signalling in CAP formation and the corresponding upregulation of lamellipodial markers also suggest that these CAPs are lamellipodia in nature. This study delineates the mechanism of compression-induced cytoskeleton reorganization, contributing to rationalizing mechanical loading regimes for functional tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kwok Lim Lam
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Johnny Yu Hin Wong
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sing Yian Chew
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Barbara Pui Chan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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14
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Kupikowska-Stobba B, Lewińska D. Polymer microcapsules and microbeads as cell carriers for in vivo biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1536-1574. [PMID: 32110789 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01337g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymer microcarriers are being extensively explored as cell delivery vehicles in cell-based therapies and hybrid tissue and organ engineering. Spherical microcarriers are of particular interest due to easy fabrication and injectability. They include microbeads, composed of a porous matrix, and microcapsules, where matrix core is additionally covered with a semipermeable membrane. Microcarriers provide cell containment at implantation site and protect the cells from host immunoresponse, degradation and shear stress. Immobilized cells may be genetically altered to release a specific therapeutic product directly at the target site, eliminating side effects of systemic therapies. Cell microcarriers need to fulfil a number of extremely high standards regarding their biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, immunoisolating capacity, transport, mechanical and chemical properties. To obtain cell microcarriers of specified parameters, a wide variety of polymers, both natural and synthetic, and immobilization methods can be applied. Yet so far, only a few approaches based on cell-laden microcarriers have reached clinical trials. The main issue that still impedes progress of these systems towards clinical application is limited cell survival in vivo. Herein, we review polymer biomaterials and methods used for fabrication of cell microcarriers for in vivo biomedical applications. We describe their key limitations and modifications aiming at improvement of microcarrier in vivo performance. We also present the main applications of polymer cell microcarriers in regenerative medicine, pancreatic islet and hepatocyte transplantation and in the treatment of cancer. Lastly, we outline the main challenges in cell microimmobilization for biomedical purposes, the strategies to overcome these issues and potential future improvements in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- Laboratory of Electrostatic Methods of Bioencapsulation, Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnological Systems, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Lewińska
- Laboratory of Electrostatic Methods of Bioencapsulation, Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnological Systems, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
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Price JC, Krause AL, Waters SL, El Haj AJ. Predicting Bone Formation in Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Seeded Hydrogels Using Experiment-Based Mathematical Modeling. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 26:1014-1023. [PMID: 32178595 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro bone formation by mesenchymal stromal cells encapsulated in type-1 collagen hydrogels is demonstrated after a 28-day in vitro culture period. Analysis of the hydrogels is carried out by X-ray microcomputed tomography, histology, and immunohistochemistry, which collectively demonstrates that bone formation in the hydrogels was quantifiably proportional to the initial collagen concentration, and subsequently the population density of seeded cells. This was established by varying the initial collagen concentration at a constant cell seeding density (3 × 105 cells/0.3 mL hydrogel), and separately varying cell seeding density at a constant collagen concentration (1 mg/mL). Using these data, a mathematical model is presented for the total hydrogel volume and mineralization volume based on the observed linear contraction dynamics of cell-seeded collagen gels. The model parameters are fitted by comparing the predictions of the mathematical model for the hydrogel and mineralized volumes on day 28 with the experimental data. The model is then used to predict the hydrogel and mineralization volumes for a range of hydrogel collagen concentrations and cell seeding densities, providing comprehensive input/output descriptors for generating mineralized hydrogels for bone tissue engineering. It is proposed that this quantitative approach will be a useful tool for generating in vitro manufactured bone tissue, defining input parameters that yield predictable output measures of tissue maturation. Impact statement This article describes a simple yet powerful quantitative description of in vitro tissue-engineered bone by combining experimental data with mathematical modeling. The overall aim of the article is to examine what is currently known about cell-mediated collagen contraction, and demonstrate that this phenomenon can be exploited to tailor bone formation by choosing a specific set of input parameters in the form of cell seeding density and collagen hydrogel concentration. Our study utilizes a clinically relevant cell source (human mesenchymal stem cells) with a biomaterial that has received regulatory approval for use in humans (collagen type 1), and hence could be useful for clinical applications, as well as furthering our understanding of cell/extracellular matrix interactions in determining in vitro bone tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Price
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
- Optics and Photonics Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew L Krause
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah L Waters
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alicia J El Haj
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
- Healthcare Technology Institute, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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16
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Du P, Da Costa ADS, Savitri C, Ha SS, Wang PY, Park K. An injectable, self-assembled multicellular microsphere with the incorporation of fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix for therapeutic angiogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 113:110961. [PMID: 32487382 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Decellularized human lung fibroblast-derived matrix (hFDM) has demonstrated its excellent proangiogenic capability. In this study, we propose a self-assembled, injectable multicellular microspheres containing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs), collagen hydrogel (Col), and hFDM toward therapeutic angiogenesis. Those multicellular microspheres are spontaneously formed by the mixtures of cell and hydrogel after being dropped on the parafilm for several hours. The size of microspheres can be manipulated via adjusting the initial volume of droplets and the culture period. The cells in the microspheres are highly viable. Multicellular microspheres show good capability of cell migration on 2D culture plate and also exhibit active cell sprouting in 3D environment (Col) forming capillary-like structures. We also find that multiple angiogenic-related factors are significantly upregulated with the multicellular microspheres prepared via Col and hFDM (Col/hFDM) than those prepared using Col alone or single cells (harvested from cocultured HUVECs/MSCs in monolayer). For therapeutic efficacy evaluation, three different groups of single cells, Col and Col/hFDM microspheres are injected to a hindlimb ischemic model, respectively, along with PBS injection as a control group. It is notable that Col/hFDM microspheres significantly improve the blood reperfusion and greatly attenuate the fibrosis level of the ischemic regions. In addition, Col/hFDM microspheres show higher cell engraftment level than that of the other groups. The incorporation of transplanted cells with host vasculature is detectable only with the treatment of Col/hFDM. Current results suggest that hFDM plays an important role in the multicellular microspheres for angiogenic cellular functions in vitro as well as in vivo. Taken together, our injectable multicellular microspheres (Col/hFDM) offer a very promising platform for cell delivery and tissue regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Du
- Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Cininta Savitri
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Su Ha
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Center for Human Tissues & Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Kwideok Park
- Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Cycloastragenol as an Exogenous Enhancer of Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. A Morphological Study. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020347. [PMID: 32028592 PMCID: PMC7072395 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering represent a promising approach for cartilage regeneration. However, they present limits in terms of mechanical properties and premature de-differentiation of engineered cartilage. Cycloastragenol (CAG), a triterpenoid saponin compound and a hydrolysis product of the main ingredient in Astragalus membranaceous, has been explored for cartilage regeneration. The aim of this study was to investigate CAG’s ability to promote cell proliferation, maintain cells in their stable active phenotype, and support the production of cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in up to 28 days of three-dimensional (3D) chondrogenic culture. The hAMSC pellets were cultured in chondrogenic medium (CM) and in CM supplemented with CAG (CAG–CM) for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. At each time-point, the pellets were harvested for histological (hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)), histochemical (Alcian-Blue) and immunohistochemical analysis (Type I, II, and X collagen, aggrecan, SOX9, lubricin). After excluding CAG’s cytotoxicity (MTT Assay), improved cell condensation, higher glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) content, and increased cell proliferation have been detected in CAG–CM pellets until 28 days of culture. Overall, CAG improved the chondrogenic differentiation of hAMSCs, maintaining stable the active chondrocyte phenotype in up to 28 days of 3D in vitro chondrogenic culture. It is proposed that CAG might have a beneficial impact on cartilage regeneration approaches.
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Busra MFM, Lokanathan Y. Recent Development in the Fabrication of Collagen Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications: A Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 20:992-1003. [PMID: 31364511 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190731121016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering focuses on developing biological substitutes to restore, maintain or improve tissue functions. The three main components of its application are scaffold, cell and growthstimulating signals. Scaffolds composed of biomaterials mainly function as the structural support for ex vivo cells to attach and proliferate. They also provide physical, mechanical and biochemical cues for the differentiation of cells before transferring to the in vivo site. Collagen has been long used in various clinical applications, including drug delivery. The wide usage of collagen in the clinical field can be attributed to its abundance in nature, biocompatibility, low antigenicity and biodegradability. In addition, the high tensile strength and fibril-forming ability of collagen enable its fabrication into various forms, such as sheet/membrane, sponge, hydrogel, beads, nanofibre and nanoparticle, and as a coating material. The wide option of fabrication technology together with the excellent biological and physicochemical characteristics of collagen has stimulated the use of collagen scaffolds in various tissue engineering applications. This review describes the fabrication methods used to produce various forms of scaffolds used in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad F Mh Busra
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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19
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Scalable MSC-derived bone tissue modules: In vitro assessment of differentiation, matrix deposition, and compressive load bearing. Acta Biomater 2019; 95:395-407. [PMID: 30654211 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Enhancements to the mechanical properties of modular designs for bone tissue engineering could increase their clinical applications. In this study, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) microgranules were encapsulated in polyelectrolyte complex membranes composed of chondroitin 4-sulfate (C4S), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and chitosan. Microcapsules were formed with and without HAP microgranules, and cultured in either osteoinduction medium (Osteo) or expansion medium (Exp) to produce four microcapsule conditions: Osteo, Osteo+HAP, Exp, and Exp+HAP. Microcapsules facilitated alkaline phosphatase secretion and deposition of bone specific proteins (osteocalcin and osteopontin) by encapsulated MSCs over 28 days of osteogenic culture. SEM and micro-CT analysis showed cell-deposited mineral covering the surfaces of the HAP microgranules and interior of the microcapsule membrane. The mineralized microcapsules could be combined and fused into cylindrical constructs (4 × 5 mm, W × H), and uniaxial compression tests confirmed that microcapsule mineralization greatly enhanced the yield stresses of Osteo and Osteo+HAP fused constructs (10.4 ± 4.4 MPa and 6.4 ± 2.8 MPa), compared to only HAP microgranules (Exp+HAP, 0.5 ± 0.3 MPa). The C4S/CMC/Chitosan microcapsules provide a platform allowing pre-mineralization of microcapsules in vitro for later assembly of larger load-bearing constructs, or for use as an injectable bone regeneration strategy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Clinical translation of bone tissue engineering is limited by the difficulty of generating space filling implants that both resist compressive loading, and simultaneously deliver cells throughout the bone defect. Here, we present the design of a microcapsule system containing both stem cells capable of rebuilding bone tissue, and a mechanically tough bone-like mineral, that imparts compression resistance to the microcapsules. The microcapsules support stem cell differentiation to an osteogenic phenotype, that can mineralize the microcapsule membrane and interior. The mineralized microcapsules can be assembled into larger bone constructs, and have mechanical properties on par with trabecular bone.
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20
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Collagen microsphere based 3D culture system for human osteoarthritis chondrocytes (hOACs). Sci Rep 2019; 9:12453. [PMID: 31462716 PMCID: PMC6713750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate collagen microencapsulation as an in vitro 3D culture platform for human osteoarthritic chondrocytes (hOACs), and to exemplify its feasibility in screening potential disease modifying factors. We first isolated and expanded hOACs from osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage samples harvested from multiple patients during total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. These cells were microencapsulated into collagen microspheres for subsequent 3D cultures. The change in chondrocyte phenotypes and OA phenotype was evaluated over time, using 2D monolayer culture and traditional 3D pellet culture as controls. The hOACs in the 3D collagen microsphere model resumed their in vivo phenotypes when compared to 2D monolayer. When compared with the 3D pellet model, the 3D hOAC-collagen microsphere model better recapitulated the OA phenotypes. We further demonstrated the responsiveness of the microencapsulated hOACs towards a number of external factors altering the chondrogenic phenotype, corroborating with previous studies. The hOAC encapsulated collagen microspheres better maintained the hOAC phenotype than the traditional 2D monolayer and 3D pellet cultures. The feasibility to use this hOAC-collagen microsphere in vitro model as a screening platform for disease-modifying agents has been demonstrated, contributing to future development of OA therapeutics.
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21
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Li YY, Lam KL, Chen AD, Zhang W, Chan BP. Collagen microencapsulation recapitulates mesenchymal condensation and potentiates chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells – A matrix-driven in vitro model of early skeletogenesis. Biomaterials 2019; 213:119210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Fahimipour F, Dashtimoghadam E, Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi M, Vargas J, Vashaee D, Lobner DC, Jafarzadeh Kashi TS, Ghasemzadeh B, Tayebi L. Enhancing cell seeding and osteogenesis of MSCs on 3D printed scaffolds through injectable BMP2 immobilized ECM-Mimetic gel. Dent Mater 2019; 35:990-1006. [PMID: 31027908 PMCID: PMC7193177 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Design of bioactive scaffolds with osteogenic capacity is a central challenge in cell-based patient-specific bone tissue engineering. Efficient and spatially uniform seeding of (stem) cells onto such constructs is vital to attain functional tissues. Herein we developed heparin functionalized collagen gels supported by 3D printed bioceramic scaffolds, as bone extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimetic matrices. These matrices were designed to enhance cell seeding efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as well as improve their osteogenic differentiation through immobilized bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) to be used for personalized bone regeneration. METHODS A 3D gel based on heparin-conjugated collagen matrix capable of immobilizing recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) was synthesized. Isolated dental pulp Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were then encapsulated into the bone ECM microenvironment to efficiently and uniformly seed a bioactive ceramic-based scaffold fabricated using additive manufacturing technique. The designed 3D cell-laden constructs were comprehensively investigated trough in vitro assays and in vivo study. RESULTS In-depth rheological characterizations of heparin-conjugated collagen gel revealed that elasticity of the matrix is significantly improved compared with freely incorporated heparin. Investigation of the MSCs laden collagen-heparin hydrogels revealed their capability to provide spatiotemporal bioavailability of BMP2 while suppressing the matrix contraction over time. The in vivo histology and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis showed that the designed construct supported the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and induced the ectopic bone formation in rat model. SIGNIFICANCE The presented hybrid constructs combine bone ECM chemical cues with mechanical function providing an ideal 3D microenvironment for patient-specific bone tissue engineering and cell therapy applications. The implemented methodology in design of ECM-mimetic 3D matrix capable of immobilizing BMP2 to improve seeding efficiency of customized scaffolds can be exploited for other bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Fahimipour
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Dental Biomaterials Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prothodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jessica Vargas
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Daryoosh Vashaee
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Douglas C Lobner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Tahereh S Jafarzadeh Kashi
- Dental Biomaterials Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Integrative Neuroscience Research Center, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
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The Role of CDR1as in Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:2316834. [PMID: 31281369 PMCID: PMC6594288 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2316834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord (hucMSCs) are considered a promising tool for regenerative medicine. circRNAs as newly discovered noncoding RNAs are involved in multiple biological processes. However, little has been known about the function of circRNAs in the proliferation and differentiation of hucMSCs. In this study, we selected several circRNAs expressed in MSCs from circBase and found that CDR1as expression level was markedly significant. We observed that, compared with that of uninduced hucMSCs, the CDR1as expression level of induced hucMSCs decreased with cell induction differentiation. By using siRNA to knock down CDR1as of hucMSCs, we discovered that proliferation was inhibited but the apoptosis increased. In addition, we found that the expression of stemness transcription factors (STFs) was downregulated after CDR1as knockdown and the adipogenesis and osteogenesis potential of hucMSCs was impaired. Our findings suggest that CDR1as takes a part in maintaining proliferation and differentiation of hucMSCs, providing clues for MSC modification and further for stem cell therapy and tissue regeneration.
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Nan L, Yang Z, Lyu H, Lau KYY, Shum HC. A Microfluidic System for One-Chip Harvesting of Single-Cell-Laden Hydrogels in Culture Medium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1900076. [PMID: 32648695 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell analysis has shown great potential to fully quantify the distribution of cellular behaviors among a population of individuals. Through isolation and preservation of single cells in the aqueous phase, droplet encapsulation followed by gelation enables high-throughput analysis in biocompatible microgels. However, the lack of control over the number of cells encapsulated and complicated gelation processes significantly limit its efficiency. Here, a microfluidic system for one-chip harvesting of single-cell-laden microgels is presented. Through ultraviolet irradiation, an on-chip gelation technique is seamlessly combined with droplet generation to realize high-throughput fabrication of microscale hydrogels in microfluidic channel. Moreover, a sorting module is introduced to simultaneously complete cell-laden microgel selection and transfer into culture medium. To demonstrate the efficiency of this method, two types of single cells are respectively encapsulated and collected, showing desirable single-cell encapsulation and cell viability. This technique realizes integrated droplet gelation, microgel sorting, and transfer into culture medium, allowing high-throughput analysis of single cells and comprehensive understanding of the cellular specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Nan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, China
| | - Kitty Yu Yeung Lau
- Medical Engineering Programme, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Cheung Shum
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Yang J, Li Y, Liu Y, Li D, Zhang L, Wang Q, Xiao Y, Zhang X. Influence of hydrogel network microstructures on mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Acta Biomater 2019; 91:159-172. [PMID: 31055122 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels, which provide three-dimensional (3D) niches for encapsulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are becoming a promising tissue engineering solution for chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. However, it remains a challenge to design a hydrogel material for effective chondrogenesis of BMSCs because of the complexity of cartilage ECM and cell-matrix interactions. Thus far, various studies have shown the physical-chemical cues of hydrogel materials to impact BMSCs chondrogenesis, but the design of the 3D network microstructure of the hydrogel to induce BMSCs chondrogenesis is still far from optimized. In this study, we successfully prepared two types of collagen hydrogels, namely, the fibrous network and porous network, with the same chemical composition and similar mechanical strength but with two distinct network microstructures. The two different network microstructures significantly influenced mass transfer, protein adsorption, degradability, and contraction of the collagen hydrogels. Moreover, the cells presented distinct proliferation and morphology in the two hydrogels, which consequently modulated chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs derived from rat. Collagen hydrogels with a fibrous network promoted more chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs without additional growth factors in vitro and subcutaneous implantation in vivo than those with a porous network. Moreover, fibrous network resulted in less ECM calcification than porous network. However, the fibrous network could not prevent hypertrophy of the chondrogenic cells induced by BMSCs. Overall, these results revealed that the 3D network microstructure of a hydrogel was a key design parameter for the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels had been used to induce the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in cartilage tissue engineering, but the key design parameters remain unoptimized. This was mainly due to the different material properties including composition, strength, and microstructure, which would interplay with each other and result in difficulties to investigate the effects for one factor. In this study, we fabricated two collagen hydrogels with the same chemical composition and mechanical strength, but two distinct network microstructures. The effects of the two network microstructures on the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs were investigated by in vitro and in vivo assays. The results highlight the effects of network microstructures and provide important information about optimizing the design of future hydrogels in cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqi Li
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiguang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yumei Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
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Willerth SM, Sakiyama-Elbert SE. Combining Stem Cells and Biomaterial Scaffolds for Constructing Tissues and Cell Delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/stj-180001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Combining stem cells with biomaterial scaffolds serves as a promising strategy for engineering tissues for both in vitro and in vivo applications. This updated review details commonly used biomaterial scaffolds for engineering tissues from stem cells. We first define the different types of stem cells and their relevant properties and commonly used scaffold formulations. Next, we discuss natural and synthetic scaffold materials typically used when engineering tissues, along with their associated advantages and drawbacks and gives examples of target applications. New approaches to engineering tissues, such as 3D bioprinting, are described as they provide exciting opportunities for future work along with current challenges that must be addressed. Thus, this review provides an overview of the available biomaterials for directing stem cell differentiation as a means of producing replacements for diseased or damaged tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Willerth
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, VIC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, VIC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Zhou X, Tang X, Long R, Wang S, Wang P, Cai D, Liu Y. The Influence of bFGF on the Fabrication of Microencapsulated Cartilage Cells under Different Shaking Modes. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11030471. [PMID: 30960455 PMCID: PMC6473345 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell encapsulation in hydrogels has been extensively used in cytotherapy, regenerative medicine, 3D cell culture, and tissue engineering. Herein, we fabricated microencapsulated cells through microcapsules loaded with C5.18 chondrocytes alginate/chitosan prepared by a high-voltage electrostatic method. Under optimized conditions, microencapsulated cells presented uniform size distribution, good sphericity, and a smooth surface with different cell densities. The particle size distribution was determined at 150–280 μm, with an average particle diameter of 220 μm. The microencapsulated cells were cultured under static, shaking, and 3D micro-gravity conditions with or without bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor) treatment. The quantified detection (cell proliferation detection and glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/type II collagen (Col-II)) content was respectively determined by cell counting kit-8 assay (CCK-8) and dimethylmethylene blue (DMB)/Col-II secretion determination) and qualitative detection (acridine orange/ethidium bromide, hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue, safranin-O, and immunohistochemistry staining) of these microencapsulated cells were evaluated. Results showed that microencapsulated C5.18 cells under three-dimensional microgravity conditions promoted cells to form large cell aggregates within 20 days by using bFGF, which provided the possibility for cartilage tissue constructs in vitro. It could be found from the cell viability (cell proliferation) and synthesis (content of GAG and Col-II) results that microencapsulated cells had a better cell proliferation under 3D micro-gravity conditions using bFGF than under 2D conditions (including static and shaking conditions). We anticipate that these results will be a benefit for the design and construction of cartilage regeneration in future tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Ruimin Long
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Shibin Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Institutes of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Duanhua Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Yuangang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
- Institutes of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Zhou X, Wang J, Huang X, Fang W, Tao Y, Zhao T, Liang C, Hua J, Chen Q, Li F. Injectable decellularized nucleus pulposus-based cell delivery system for differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells and nucleus pulposus regeneration. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:115-128. [PMID: 30267879 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising treatment for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. A bio-scaffold that can maintain the function of transplanted cells and possesses favorable mechanical properties is needed in tissue engineering. Decellularized nucleus pulposus (dNP) has the potential to be a suitable bio-scaffold because it mimics the native nucleus pulposus (NP) composition. However, matrix loss during decellularization and difficulty in transplantation limit the clinical application of dNP scaffolds. In this study, we fabricated an injectable dNP-based cell delivery system (NPCS) and evaluated its properties by assessing the microstructure, biochemical composition, water content, biosafety, biostability, and mechanical properties. We also investigated the stimulatory effects of the bio-scaffold on the NP-like differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro and the regenerative effects of the NPCS on degenerated NP in an in vivo animal model. The results showed that approximately 68% and 43% of the collagen and sGAG, respectively, remained in the NPCS after 30 days. The NPCS also showed mechanical properties similar to those of fresh NP. In addition, the NPCS was biocompatible and able to induce NP-like differentiation and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in ADSCs. The disc height index (almost 81%) and the MRI index (349.05 ± 38.48) of the NPCS-treated NP were significantly higher than those of the degenerated NP after 16 weeks. The NPCS also partly restored the ECM content and the structure of degenerated NP in vivo. Our NPCS has good biological and mechanical properties and has the ability to promote the regeneration of degenerated NP. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration is usually the origin of intervertebral disc degeneration. Stem cell-based tissue engineering is a promising treatment for NP regeneration. Bio-scaffolds which have favorable biological and mechanical properties are needed in tissue engineering. Decellularized NP (dNP) scaffold is a potential choice for tissue engineering, but the difficulty in balancing complete decellularization and retaining ECM limits its usage. Instead of choosing different decellularization protocols, we complementing the sGAG lost during decellularization by cross-linking via genipin and fabricating an injectable dNP-based cell delivery system (NPCS) which has similar components as the native NP. We also investigated the biological and mechanical properties of the NPCS in vitro and verified its regenerative effects on degenerated IVDs in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianpeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijing Fang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Tao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Hua
- Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China; Department of Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Li Q, Zhang B, Kasoju N, Ma J, Yang A, Cui Z, Wang H, Ye H. Differential and Interactive Effects of Substrate Topography and Chemistry on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2344. [PMID: 30096912 PMCID: PMC6121573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in substrate chemistry and the micro-structure were shown to have a significant effect on the biology of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). This occurs when differences in the surface properties indirectly modulate pathways within numerous signaling networks that control cell fate. To understand how the surface features affect hMSC gene expression, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of bone marrow-derived hMSCs cultured on tissue culture-treated polystyrene (TCP) and poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) based substrates of differing topography (Fl: flat and Fs: fibrous) and chemistry (Pr: pristine and Am: aminated). Whilst 80% of gene expression remained similar for cells cultured on test substrates, the analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed that surface topography significantly altered gene expression more than surface chemistry. The Fl and Fs topologies introduced opposite directional alternations in gene expression when compared to TCP control. In addition, the effect of chemical treatment interacted with that of topography in a synergistic manner with the Pr samples promoting more DEGs than Am samples in all gene ontology function groups. These findings not only highlight the significance of the culture surface on regulating the overall gene expression profile but also provide novel insights into cell-material interactions that could help further design the next-generation biomaterials to facilitate hMSC applications. At the same time, further studies are required to investigate whether or not the observations noted correlate with subsequent protein expression and functionality of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongfang Li
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Shenzhen, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ Oxford, UK.
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX1 3PJ Oxford, UK.
| | - Naresh Kasoju
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ Oxford, UK.
| | - Jinmin Ma
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Shenzhen, China.
| | - Aidong Yang
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX1 3PJ Oxford, UK.
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ Oxford, UK.
| | - Hui Wang
- China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Shenzhen, China.
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Suzhou Centre for Advanced Research, Suzhou Industrial Park, 215123 Suzhou, China.
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ Oxford, UK.
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31
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Yeung P, Zhang W, Wang X, Yan C, Chan B. A human osteoarthritis osteochondral organ culture model for cartilage tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2018; 162:1-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Thomas RG, Unnithan AR, Moon MJ, Surendran SP, Batgerel T, Park CH, Kim CS, Jeong YY. Electromagnetic manipulation enabled calcium alginate Janus microsphere for targeted delivery of mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 110:465-471. [PMID: 29355634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We prepared Janus microspheres based on sodium alginate for the encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in one compartment and iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) or a drug in the second compartment. 4% percent sodium alginate solution was allowed to pass through a septum-theta capillary device and react with 2.5% calcium chloride to allow crosslinking to occur in the solution, forming calcium alginate Janus microspheres. Physico-chemical characterization of microspheres was done by FTIR, TGA, and XRD after loading of stem cells and IONP/drug. The mechanical integrity of microspheres was tested at different time points, which showed that 4% alginate microspheres were mechanically stable for a long period of time. Live/dead staining of MSCs alone and the MTS assay of MSCs and DMSO co-loaded were performed, which showed less toxicity to MSC in the Janus configuration. IONP/MSC-loaded Janus microspheres were tested by magnetic manipulation for targeted MSC delivery for cartilage repair using an electromagnetic manipulation (EMM) device. Janus microspheres can be used for targeted stem cell/drug delivery using EMM for cartilage repair in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reju George Thomas
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, South Korea
| | - Afeesh Rajan Unnithan
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Ju Moon
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, South Korea
| | - Suchithra Poilil Surendran
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, South Korea
| | - Tumurbaatar Batgerel
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Park
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheol Sang Kim
- Department of Bionanosystem Engineering, Graduate School, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea; Division of Mechanical Design Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Yeon Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun 58128, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, South Korea.
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Proteomic Analysis of Nucleus Pulposus Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix Niche and Its Effect on Phenotypic Alteration of Dermal Fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1512. [PMID: 29367647 PMCID: PMC5784136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reconstituting biomimetic matrix niche in vitro and culturing cells at the cell niche interface is necessary to understand the effect and function of the specific matrix niche. Here we attempted to reconstitute a biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM) niche by culturing nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in a collagen microsphere system previously established and allowing them to remodel the template matrix. The reconstituted NPC-derived complex ECM was obtained after decellularization and the composition of such niche was evaluated by proteomic analysis. Results showed that a complex acellular matrix niche consisting of ECM proteins and cytoskeletal proteins by comparing with the template collagen matrix starting material. In order to study the significance of the NPC-derived matrix niche, dermal fibroblasts were repopulated in such niche and the phenotypes of these cells were changed, gene expression of collagen type II and CA12 increased significantly. A biomimetic NPC-derived cell niche consisting of complex ECM can be reconstituted in vitro, and repopulating such matrix niche with fibroblasts resulted in changes in phenotypic markers. This work reports a 3D in vitro model to study cell niche factors, contributing to future understanding of cellular interactions at the cell-niche interface and rationalized scaffold design for tissue engineering.
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Thomas D, O'Brien T, Pandit A. Toward Customized Extracellular Niche Engineering: Progress in Cell-Entrapment Technologies. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1703948. [PMID: 29194781 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The primary aim in tissue engineering is to repair, replace, and regenerate dysfunctional tissues to restore homeostasis. Cell delivery for repair and regeneration is gaining impetus with our understanding of constructing tissue-like environments. However, the perpetual challenge is to identify innovative materials or re-engineer natural materials to model cell-specific tissue-like 3D modules, which can seamlessly integrate and restore functions of the target organ. To devise an optimal functional microenvironment, it is essential to define how simple is complex enough to trigger tissue regeneration or restore cellular function. Here, the purposeful transition of cell immobilization from a cytoprotection point of view to that of a cell-instructive approach is examined, with advances in the understanding of cell-material interactions in a 3D context, and with a view to further application of the knowledge for the development of newer and complex hierarchical tissue assemblies for better examination of cell behavior and offering customized cell-based therapies for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Thomas
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Chaemsawang W, Prasongchean W, Papadopoulos KI, Sukrong S, Kao WJ, Wattanaarsakit P. Emulsion Cross-Linking Technique for Human Fibroblast Encapsulation. Int J Biomater 2018; 2018:9317878. [PMID: 30105055 PMCID: PMC6076944 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9317878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microencapsulation with biodegradable polymers has potential application in drug and cell delivery systems and is currently used in probiotic delivery. In the present study, microcapsules of human fibroblast cells (CRL2522) were prepared by emulsion cross-linking technique. Tween 80 surfactant at a 2% concentration through phase inversion resulted in the most efficient and stable size, morphology, and the cells survival at least 50% on day 14. Emulsion cross-linking microcapsule preparation resulted in smaller and possibly more diverse particles that can be developed clinically to deliver encapsulated mammalian cells for future disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharaphong Chaemsawang
- 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weerapong Prasongchean
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Suchada Sukrong
- 4Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - W. John Kao
- 5Chemistry and Biology Centre, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Phanphen Wattanaarsakit
- 1Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Huang PJ, Chou CK, Chen CT, Yamaguchi H, Qu J, Muliana A, Hung MC, Kameoka J. Pneumatically Actuated Soft Micromold Device for Fabricating Collagen and Matrigel Microparticles. Soft Robot 2017; 4:390-399. [DOI: 10.1089/soro.2016.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Chao-Kai Chou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Chun-Te Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jian Qu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Anastasia Muliana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jun Kameoka
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
- School of Medicine, The Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan
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Involvement of mTOR-autophagy in the selection of primitive mesenchymal stem cells in chitosan film 3-dimensional culture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10113. [PMID: 28860574 PMCID: PMC5578982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in conventional monolayer culture are heterogeneous and contain a significant portion of senescent cells. MSCs cultured on chitosan film form 3-dimenional spheres, increase in stemness and differentiation capability; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We first demonstrate chitosan film culture induces apoptosis at 2 days, with specificity in late senescent cells. Especially in senescent cells, chitosan film culture activates mTOR, which activates S6K/S6/4E-BP1 to enhance fibronection synthesis and peripheral dead cell attachment, and phosphorylates ULK1 at S757 to further inactivate ULK1, LC3A and autophagy, thereby inducing apoptosis. Combination of chitosan film culture with mTOR inhibition prevents peripheral dead cell attachment, thereby further increasing pluripotent gene expression, in vitro osteogenesis and in vivo bone formation. These data successfully figure out the role of mTOR signaling in chitosan film culture and develop a method by combination of rapamycin treatment for promoting stemness and differentiation capability in MSCs.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past decade, it has become clear that long-term engraftment of any ex vivo expanded cell product transplanted into injured myocardium is modest and all therapeutic regeneration is mediated by stimulation of endogenous repair rather than differentiation of transplanted cells into working myocardium. Given that increasing the retention of transplanted cells boosts myocardial function, focus on the fundamental mechanisms limiting retention and survival of transplanted cells may enable strategies to help to restore normal cardiac function. Areas covered: This review outlines the challenges confronting cardiac engraftment of ex vivo expanded cells and explores means of enhancing cell-mediated repair of injured myocardium. Expert opinion: Stem cell therapy has already come a long way in terms of regenerating damaged hearts though the poor retention of transplanted cells limits the full potential of truly cardiotrophic cell products. Multifaceted strategies directed towards fundamental mechanisms limiting the long-term survival of transplanted cells will be needed to enhance transplanted cell retention and cell-mediated repair of damaged myocardium for cardiac cell therapy to reach its full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darryl R Davis
- a University of Ottawa Heart Institute , Ottawa , ON , Canada
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Kasoju N, Wang H, Zhang B, George J, Gao S, Triffitt JT, Cui Z, Ye H. Transcriptomics of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells: Retrospective analysis and future prospects. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:407-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Hackethal J, Mühleder S, Hofer A, Schneider KH, Prüller J, Hennerbichler S, Redl H, Teuschl A. An Effective Method ofAtelocollagenType 1/3 Isolation from Human Placenta and ItsIn VitroCharacterization in Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Applications. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:274-285. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hackethal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Severin Mühleder
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandra Hofer
- Research Area Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Heinrich Schneider
- Center of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Prüller
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Hennerbichler
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service of Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Teuschl
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Vienna, Austria
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Diao HJ, Fung HS, Yeung P, Lam K, Yan CH, Chan BP. Dynamic cyclic compression modulates the chondrogenic phenotype in human chondrocytes from late stage osteoarthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang W, Kong C, Tong M, Chooi W, Huang N, Li R, Chan B. Maturation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) in 3D collagen matrix: Effects of niche cell supplementation and mechanical stimulation. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:204-217. [PMID: 27890729 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC-CMs) are regarded as a promising source for regenerative medicine, drug testing and disease modeling. Nevertheless, cardiomyocytes are immature in terms of their contractile structure, metabolism and electrophysiological properties. Here, we fabricate cardiac muscle strips by encapsulating hESC-CMs in collagen-based biomaterials. Supplementation of niche cells at 3% to the number of hESC-CMs enhance the maturation of the hESC-CMs in 3D tissue matrix. The benefits of adding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are comparable to that of adding fibroblasts. These two cell types demonstrate similar effects in promoting the compaction and cell spreading, as well as expression of maturation markers at both gene and protein levels. Mechanical loading, particularly cyclic stretch, produces engineered cardiac tissues with higher maturity in terms of twitch force, elastic modulus, sarcomere length and molecular signature, when comparing to static stretch or non-stretched controls. The current study demonstrates that the application of niche cells and mechanical stretch both stimulate the maturation of hESC-CMs in 3D architecture. Our results therefore suggest that this 3D model can be used for in vitro cardiac maturation study. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC-CMs) are regarded as being a promising source of cells for regenerative medicine, drug testing and disease modeling. Nevertheless, cardiomyocytes are immature in terms of their contractile structure, metabolism and electrophysiological properties. In the current study, we have fabricated cardiac muscle strips by encapsulating hESC-CMs in collagen-based biomaterials and demonstrated that supplementation of mesenchymal niche cells as well as provision of mechanical loading particularly stretching have significantly promoted the maturation of the cardiomyocytes and hence improved the mechanical functional characteristics of the tissue strips. Specifically, with 3% niche cells including both fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells, a more mature hESC-CMs derived cardiac strip was resulted, in terms of compaction and spreading of cells, and upregulation of molecular signature in both gene and protein expression of maturation. Mechanical loading, particularly cyclic stretch, produces engineered cardiac tissues with higher maturity in terms of molecular signature markers and functional parameters including twitch force, elastic modulus and sarcomere length, when comparing with static stretch or non-stretched controls. The current study demonstrates that the application of niche cells and mechanical stretch both stimulate the maturation of hESC-CMs in 3D architecture, resulting in more mature cardiac strips. Our results contribute to bioengineering of functional heart tissue strips for drug screening and disease modeling.
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Zhang Z. Injectable biomaterials for stem cell delivery and tissue regeneration. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:49-62. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1256389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Samarasinghe SAPL, Shao Y, Huang PJ, Pishko M, Chu KH, Kameoka J. Fabrication of Bacteria Environment Cubes with Dry Lift-Off Fabrication Process for Enhanced Nitrification. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165839. [PMID: 27812154 PMCID: PMC5094588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a 3D dry lift-off process to localize multiple types of nitrifying bacteria in polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) cubes for enhanced nitrification, a two-step biological process that converts ammonium to nitrite and then to nitrate. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is responsible for converting ammonia into nitrite, and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) is responsible for converting nitrite to nitrate. Successful nitrification is often challenging to accomplish, in part because AOB and NOB are slow growers and highly susceptible to many organic and inorganic chemicals in wastewater. Most importantly, the transportation of chemicals among scattered bacteria is extremely inefficient and can be problematic. For example, nitrite, produced from ammonia oxidation, is toxic to AOB and can lead to the failure of nitrification. To address these challenges, we closely localize AOB and NOB in PEGDA cubes as microenvironment modules to promote synergetic interactions. The AOB is first localized in the vicinity of the surface of the PEGDA cubes that enable AOB to efficiently uptake ammonia from a liquid medium and convert it into nitrite. The produced nitrite is then efficiently transported to the NOB localized at the center of the PEGDA particle and converted into non-toxic nitrate. Additionally, the nanoscale PEGDA fibrous structures offer a protective environment for these strains, defending them from sudden toxic chemical shocks and immobilize in cubes. This engineered microenvironment cube significantly enhances nitrification and improves the overall ammonia removal rate per single AOB cell. This approach—encapsulation of multiple strains at close range in cube in order to control their interactions—not only offers a new strategy for enhancing nitrification, but also can be adapted to improve the production of fermentation products and biofuel, because microbial processes require synergetic reactions among multiple species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. P. L. Samarasinghe
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yiru Shao
- Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael Pishko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kung-Hui Chu
- Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jun Kameoka
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Nadlacki B, Suuronen EJ. Biomaterial strategies to improve the efficacy of bone marrow cell therapy for myocardial infarction. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 16:1501-1516. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2016.1235149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Sülflow K, Schneider M, Loth T, Kascholke C, Schulz-Siegmund M, Hacker MC, Simon JC, Savkovic V. Melanocytes from the outer root sheath of human hair and epidermal melanocytes display improved melanotic features in the niche provided by cGEL, oligomer-cross-linked gelatin-based hydrogel. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:3115-3126. [PMID: 27409726 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasively based cell treatments of depigmented skin disorders are largely limited by means of cell sampling as much as by their routes of application. Human melanocytes cultivated from the outer root sheath of hair follicle (HUMORS) are among the cell types that fit the non-invasive concept by being cultivated out of a minimal sample: hair root. Eventual implementation of HUMORS as a graft essentially depends on a choice of suitable biocompatible, biodegradable carrier that would mechanically and biologically support the cells as transient niche and facilitate their engraftment. Hence, the melanotic features of follicle-derived HUMORS and normal human epidermal melanocytes (NHEM) in engineered scaffolds based on collagen, the usual leading candidate for graft material for a variety of skin transplantation procedures were tested. Hydrogel named cGEL, an enzymatically degraded bovine gelatin chemically cross-linked with an oligomeric copolymer synthesized from pentaerythritol diacrylate monostearate (PEDAS), maleic anhydride (MA), and N-isopropylacrylamide (NiPAAm) or diacetone acrylamide (DAAm), was used. The cGEL provided a friendly three-dimensional (3D) cultivation environment for human melanocytes with increased melanin content of the 3D cultures in comparison to Collagen Cell Carrier® (CCC), a commercially available bovine decellularized collagen membrane, and electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) matrices. One of the cGEL variants fostered not only a dramatic increase in melanin production but also a significant enhancement of melanotic gene PAX3, PMEL, TYR, and MITF expression in comparison to that of both CCC full-length collagen and PCL scaffolds, providing a clearly superior melanocyte niche that may be a suitable candidate for grafting carriers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 3115-3126, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Sülflow
- Saxon Incubator for Clinical Translation/Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig University, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str.55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Marie Schneider
- Saxon Incubator for Clinical Translation/Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig University, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str.55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Tina Loth
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Biosciences Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Pharmacy Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Kascholke
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Biosciences Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Pharmacy Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Biosciences Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Pharmacy Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Leipzig University, Faculty of Biosciences Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Pharmacy Dept of Pharmaceutical Technology, Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan-Christoph Simon
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Leipzig University Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vuk Savkovic
- Saxon Incubator for Clinical Translation/Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Leipzig University, Phillip-Rosenthal-Str.55, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
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Naqvi SM, Vedicherla S, Gansau J, McIntyre T, Doherty M, Buckley CT. Living Cell Factories - Electrosprayed Microcapsules and Microcarriers for Minimally Invasive Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:5662-5671. [PMID: 26695531 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Minimally invasive delivery of "living cell factories" consisting of cells and therapeutic agents has gained wide attention for next generation biomaterial device systems for multiple applications including musculoskeletal tissue regeneration, diabetes and cancer. Cellular-based microcapsules and microcarrier systems offer several attractive features for this particular purpose. One such technology capable of generating these types of systems is electrohydrodynamic (EHD) spraying. Depending on various parameters, including applied voltage, biomaterial properties (viscosity, conductivity) and needle geometry, complex structures and arrangements can be fabricated for therapeutic strategies. The advances in the use of EHD technology are outlined, specifically in the manipulation of bioactive and dynamic material systems to control size, composition and configuration in the development of minimally invasive micro-scaled biopolymeric systems. The exciting therapeutic applications of this technology, future perspectives and associated challenges are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda M Naqvi
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Srujana Vedicherla
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Gansau
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tom McIntyre
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Doherty
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Conor T Buckley
- Trinity Center for Bioengineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
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Zhang Z, Eyster TW, Ma PX. Nanostructured injectable cell microcarriers for tissue regeneration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1611-28. [PMID: 27230960 PMCID: PMC5619097 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer microspheres have emerged as cell carriers for the regeneration and repair of irregularly shaped tissue defects due to their injectability, controllable biodegradability and capacity for drug incorporation and release. Notably, recent advances in nanotechnology allowed the manipulation of the physical and chemical properties of the microspheres at the nanoscale, creating nanostructured microspheres mimicking the composition and/or structure of natural extracellular matrix. These nanostructured microspheres, including nanocomposite microspheres and nanofibrous microspheres, have been employed as cell carriers for tissue regeneration. They enhance cell attachment and proliferation, promote positive cell-carrier interactions and facilitate stem cell differentiation for target tissue regeneration. This review highlights the recent advances in nanostructured microspheres that are employed as injectable, biomimetic and cell-instructive cell carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanpeng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | - Thomas W Eyster
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
| | - Peter X Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
- Macromolecular Science & Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
- Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
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Chooi WH, Chan BP. Compression loading-induced stress responses in intervertebral disc cells encapsulated in 3D collagen constructs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26449. [PMID: 27197886 PMCID: PMC4873809 DOI: 10.1038/srep26449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells protect themselves from stresses through a cellular stress response. In the interverebral disc, such response was also demonstrated to be induced by various environmental stresses. However, whether compression loading will cause cellular stress response in the nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) is not well studied. By using an in vitro collagen microencapsulation model, we investigated the effect of compression loading on the stress response of NPCs. Cell viability tests, and gene and protein expression experiments were conducted, with primers for the heat shock response (HSR: HSP70, HSF1, HSP27 and HSP90), and unfolded protein response (UPR: GRP78, GRP94, ATF4 and CHOP) genes and an antibody to HSP72. Different gene expression patterns occurred due to loading type throughout experiments. Increasing the loading strain for a short duration did not increase the stress response genes significantly, but over longer durations, HSP70 and HSP27 were upregulated. Longer loading durations also resulted in a continuous upregulation of HSR genes and downregulation of UPR genes, even after load removal. The rate of apoptosis did not increase significantly after loading, suggesting that stress response genes might play a role in cell survival following mechanical stress. These results demonstrate how mechanical stress might induce and control the expression of HSR and UPR genes in NPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hon Chooi
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Barbara Pui Chan
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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