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Meng X, Zhu G, Yang YG, Sun T. Targeted delivery strategies: The interactions and applications of nanoparticles in liver diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116702. [PMID: 38729052 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles have been broadly utilized in various drugs delivery formulations. Nanodelivery systems have shown promise in solving problems associated with the distribution of hydrophobic drugs and have promoted the accumulation of nanomedicines in the circulation or in organs. However, the injection dose of nanoparticles (NPs) is much greater than that needed by diseased tissues or organs. In other words, most of the NPs are localized off-target and do not reach the desired tissue or organs. With the rapid development of biodegradable and biosafety nanomaterials, the nanovectors represent assurance of safety. However, the off-target effects also induce concerns about the application of NPs, especially in the delivery of gene editing tools. Therefore, a complete understanding of the biological responses to NPs in the body will clearly guide the design of targeted delivery of NPs. The different properties of various nanodelivery systems may induce diverse interactions between carriers and organs. In this review, we describe the relationship between the liver, the most influenced organ of systemic administration of NPs, and targeted delivery nanoplatforms. Various transport vehicles have adopted multiple delivery strategies for the targeted delivery to the cells in the homeostasis liver and in diseased liver. Additionally, nanodelivery systems provide a novel strategy for treating incurable diseases. The appearance of a targeted delivery has profoundly improved the application of NPs to liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandi Meng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ge Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yong-Guang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Tianmeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Institute of Immunology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China; National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Changchun, Jilin, China; State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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2
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Mou Y, Liao W, Li Y, Wan L, Liu J, Luo X, Shen H, Sun Q, Wang J, Tang J, Wang Z. Glycyrrhizin and the Related Preparations: An Inspiring Resource for the Treatment of Liver Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:315-354. [PMID: 38553799 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Liver diseases and their related complications endanger the health of millions of people worldwide. The prevention and treatment of liver diseases are still serious challenges both in China and globally. With the improvement of living standards, the prevalence of metabolic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, has increased at an alarming rate, resulting in more cases of end-stage liver disease. Therefore, the discovery of novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of liver diseases is urgently needed. Glycyrrhizin (GL), a triterpene glycoside from the roots of licorice plants, possesses a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Currently, GL preparations (GLPs) have certain advantages in the treatment of liver diseases, with good clinical effects and fewer adverse reactions, and have shown broad application prospects through multitargeting therapeutic mechanisms, including antisteatotic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, antifibrotic, anticancer, and drug interaction activities. This review summarizes the currently known biological activities of GLPs and their medical applications in the treatment of liver diseases, and highlights the potential of these preparations as promising therapeutic options and their alluring prospects for the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mou
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Lina Wan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Xialing Luo
- Department of Respiratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Hongping Shen
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, P. R. China
| | - Qin Sun
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bishan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 402760, P. R. China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Zhilei Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
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3
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Li K, Chen W, Ma L, Yan L, Wang B. Approaches for reducing chemo/radiation-induced cardiotoxicity by nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117264. [PMID: 37776941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are fascinating and encouraging carriers for cancer treatment due to their extraordinary properties and potential applications in targeted drug delivery, treatment, and diagnosis. Experimental studies including in vitro and in vivo examinations show that nanoparticles can cause a revolution in different aspects of cancer therapy. Normal tissue toxicity and early and late consequences are the major limitations of cancer therapy by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the delivery of drugs into tumors or reducing the accumulation of drugs in normal tissues can permit a more satisfactory response of malignancies to therapy with more inferior side effects. Cardiac toxicity is one of the major problems for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, several experimental studies have been performed to minimize the degenerative impacts of cancer treatment on the heart and also enhance the influences of radiotherapy and chemotherapy agents in cancers. This review article emphasizes the benefits of nanoparticle-based drug delivery techniques, including minimizing the exposure of the heart to anticancer drugs, enhancing the accumulation of drugs in cancers, and expanding the effectiveness of radiotherapy. The article also discusses the challenges and problems accompanied with nanoparticle-based drug delivery techniques such as toxicity, which need to be addressed through further research. Moreover, the article emphasizes the importance of developing safe and effective nanoparticle-based therapies that can be translated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Wan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiulongpo First People's Hospital, Chongqing, 400051, China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Laixing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zouping People's Hospital, Zouping, shandong, 256299, China.
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Wu C, Xiang S, Wang H, Zhang X, Tian X, Tan M, Su W. Orally Deliverable Sequence-Targeted Fucoxanthin-Loaded Biomimetic Extracellular Vesicles for Alleviation of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9854-9867. [PMID: 38375789 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess favorable biocompatibility and immunological characteristics, making them optimal carriers for bioactive substances. In this study, an innovative hepatic-targeted vesicle system encapsulating with fucoxanthin (GA-LpEVs-FX) was successfully designed and used to alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The formulation entails the self-assembly of EVs derived from Lactobacillus paracasei (LpEVs), modification with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) via amide reaction offering the system liver-targeting capacity and loading fucoxanthin (FX) through sonication treatment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GA-LpEVs-FX effectively mitigated hepatic lipid accumulation and attenuated reactive oxygen species-induced damage resulting lipid accumulation (p < 0.05). In vivo, GA-LpEVs-FX exhibited significant downregulation of lipogenesis-related proteins, namely, fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), subsequently ameliorating lipid metabolism disorders (p < 0.05), and the stability of GA-LpEVs-FX significantly improved compared to free FX. These findings establish a novel formulation for utilizing foodborne components for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Wu
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Siyuan Xiang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiumin Zhang
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueying Tian
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Mingqian Tan
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
| | - Wentao Su
- Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Qinggongyuan1, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning, China
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Wang L, Wang X, Chen F, Song YQ, Nao SC, Chan DSH, Wong CY, Wang W, Leung CH. A glycyrrhetinic acid-iridium(III) conjugate as a theranostic NIR probe for hepatocellular carcinoma with mitochondrial-targeting ability. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 264:115995. [PMID: 38043488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major contributor to global mortality rates, but current treatment options have limitations. Advanced theranostics are needed to effectively integrate diagnosis and therapeutic of HCC. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) has abundant binding sites with glycyrrhetinic acid receptors (GA-Rs) on the surface of HCC cells and has also been reported to possess ligands with mitochondrial-targeting capability but with limited efficacy. Herein, we report a near-infrared (NIR) luminescent theranostic complex 1 through conjugating an iridium(III) complex to GA, which exhibits the desired photophysical properties and promotes mitochondrial-targeting capability. Complex 1 was selectively taken up by HepG2 liver cancer cells and was imaged within mitochondria with NIR emission. Complex 1 targeted mitochondria and opened mitochondrial permeability transition pores (MPTPs), resulting in ROS accumulation, mitochondrial damage, disruption of Bax/Bcl-2 equilibrium, and tumor cell apoptosis, resulting in significantly improved anticancer activity compared to GA. This work offers a methodology for developing multifunctional theranostic probes with amplified specificity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Xueliang Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, 45 South Gaoxin Road, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Ying-Qi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Sang-Cuo Nao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China
| | | | - Chun-Yuen Wong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wanhe Wang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, 45 South Gaoxin Road, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, China; Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China; MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, 999078, China.
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6
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Diril M, Özdokur KV, Yıldırım Y, Karasulu HY. In vitro evaluation and in vivo efficacy studies of a liposomal doxorubicin-loaded glycyrretinic acid formulation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:915-927. [PMID: 37921920 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2274394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), more than 800 000 cases reported annually, is the most common primary liver cancer globally. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox-HCl) is a widely used chemotherapy drug for HCC, but efficacy and tolerability are limited, thus critical to develop delivery systems that can target Dox-HCl to the tumour site. In this study, liver-targeting ligand glycyrrhetinic acid (Gly) was conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) via Steglich reaction and incorporated in liposomes, which were then loaded with Dox-HCl by pH gradient method. The optimal formulation Gly-Peg-Dox-ProLP-F6 showed high Dox-HCl encapsulation capacity (90.0%±1.85%), low particle size (120 ± 3.2 nm). Gly-Peg-Dox-ProLP-F6 formulation demonstrated substantially greater toxicity against HCC cells than commercial Dox-HCl formulation (greater against 1.14, 1.5, 1.24 fold against Hep G2, Mahlavu and Huh-7 cells, respectively), but was 1.86-fold less cytotoxic against non-cancerous cell line AML-12. It increased permeability from apical to basolateral (A-B) approximately 2-fold. Gly-Peg-Dox-ProLP-F6 demonstrated superior antitumor efficacy in mouse liver cancer model as evaluated by IVIS. Isolated mouse liver tissue contained 2.48-fold Dox more than Dox-HCl after administration of Gly-Peg-Dox-ProLP-F6, while accumulation in heart tissue was substantially lower. This Gly-Peg-Dox-ProLP-F6 formulation may improve HCC outcomes through superior liver targeting for enhanced tumour toxicity with lower systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Diril
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Volkan Özdokur
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Yıldırım
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
- Center for Drug R&D and Pharmacokinetic Applications (ARGEFAR), Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - H Yeşim Karasulu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Fan D, Cao Y, Cao M, Wang Y, Cao Y, Gong T. Nanomedicine in cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:293. [PMID: 37544972 PMCID: PMC10404590 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a highly lethal disease in the world. Currently, either conventional cancer therapies or modern immunotherapies are non-tumor-targeted therapeutic approaches that cannot accurately distinguish malignant cells from healthy ones, giving rise to multiple undesired side effects. Recent advances in nanotechnology, accompanied by our growing understanding of cancer biology and nano-bio interactions, have led to the development of a series of nanocarriers, which aim to improve the therapeutic efficacy while reducing off-target toxicity of the encapsulated anticancer agents through tumor tissue-, cell-, or organelle-specific targeting. However, the vast majority of nanocarriers do not possess hierarchical targeting capability, and their therapeutic indices are often compromised by either poor tumor accumulation, inefficient cellular internalization, or inaccurate subcellular localization. This Review outlines current and prospective strategies in the design of tumor tissue-, cell-, and organelle-targeted cancer nanomedicines, and highlights the latest progress in hierarchical targeting technologies that can dynamically integrate these three different stages of static tumor targeting to maximize therapeutic outcomes. Finally, we briefly discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for the clinical translation of cancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahua Fan
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China.
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
| | - Yongkai Cao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Meiqun Cao
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | | | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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8
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Zhang YL, Wang YL, Yan K, Deng QQ, Li FZ, Liang XJ, Hua Q. Nanostructures in Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) for potential therapy. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:976-990. [PMID: 37278697 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00120b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With its long clinical history, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained acceptance for its specific efficacy and safety in the treatment of multiple diseases. Nano-sized materials study of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) leads to an increased understanding of assessing TCM therapies, which may be a promising way to illustrate the material basis of CHMs through their processing and extraction. In this review, we provide an overview of the nanostructures of natural and engineered CHMs, including extracted CHMs, polymer nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, and nanofibers. Subsequently, the applications of these CHM-derived nanostructures to particular diseases are summarized and discussed. Additionally, we discuss the advantages of these nanostructures for studying the therapeutic efficacy of CHMs. Finally, the key challenges and opportunities for the development of these nanostructures are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Ya-Lei Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Ke Yan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Qi-Qi Deng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Fang-Zhou Li
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Laboratory of Controllable Nanopharmaceuticals, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Qian Hua
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Paul P, Nair R, Mahajan S, Gupta U, Aalhate M, Maji I, Singh PK. Traversing the diverse avenues of exopolysaccharides-based nanocarriers in the management of cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120821. [PMID: 37059549 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides are unique polymers generated by living organisms such as algae, fungi and bacteria to protect them from environmental factors. After a fermentative process, these polymers are extracted from the medium culture. Exopolysaccharides have been explored for their anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory effects. Specifically, they have acquired massive attention in novel drug delivery strategies owing to their indispensable properties like biocompatibility, biodegradability, and lack of irritation. Exopolysaccharides such as dextran, alginate, hyaluronic acid, pullulan, xanthan gum, gellan gum, levan, curdlan, cellulose, chitosan, mauran, and schizophyllan exhibited excellent drug carrier properties. Specific exopolysaccharides, such as levan, chitosan, and curdlan, have demonstrated significant antitumor activity. Moreover, chitosan, hyaluronic acid and pullulan can be employed as targeting ligands decorated on nanoplatforms for effective active tumor targeting. This review shields light on the classification, unique characteristics, antitumor activities and nanocarrier properties of exopolysaccharides. In addition, in vitro human cell line experiments and preclinical studies associated with exopolysaccharide-based nanocarriers have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Rahul Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Ujala Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Indrani Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India.
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Qian G, Xiong L, Ye Q. Hydroxyapatite-based carriers for tumor targeting therapy. RSC Adv 2023; 13:16512-16528. [PMID: 37274393 PMCID: PMC10234259 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01476b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, targeted drug delivery is regarded as the most effective means of tumor treatment, overcoming the lack of conventional chemotherapeutics that are difficult to reach or enter into cancer cells. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the main component of biological hard tissue, which can be regarded as a suitable drug carrier due to its biocompatibility, nontoxicity, biodegradation, and absorbability. This review focuses on the cutting edge of HAP as a drug carrier in targeted drug delivery systems. HAP-based carriers can be obtained by doping, modification, and combination, which benefit to improve the loading efficiency of drugs and the response sensitivity of the microenvironment in the synthesis process. The drug adsorbed or in situ loaded on HAP-based carriers can achieve targeted drug delivery and precise treatment through the guidance of the in vivo microenvironment and the stimulation of the in vitro response. In addition, HAP-based drug carriers can improve the cellular uptake rate of drugs to achieve a higher treatment effect. These advantages revealed the promising potential of HAP-based carriers from the perspective of targeted drug delivery for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongming Qian
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430081 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Lingya Xiong
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430081 China
| | - Qing Ye
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430081 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China
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11
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Silant'ev VE, Shmelev ME, Belousov AS, Patlay AA, Shatilov RA, Farniev VM, Kumeiko VV. How to Develop Drug Delivery System Based on Carbohydrate Nanoparticles Targeted to Brain Tumors. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112516. [PMID: 37299315 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are the most difficult to treat, not only because of the variety of their forms and the small number of effective chemotherapeutic agents capable of suppressing tumor cells, but also limited by poor drug transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Nanoparticles are promising drug delivery solutions promoted by the expansion of nanotechnology, emerging in the creation and practical use of materials in the range from 1 to 500 nm. Carbohydrate-based nanoparticles is a unique platform for active molecular transport and targeted drug delivery, providing biocompatibility, biodegradability, and a reduction in toxic side effects. However, the design and fabrication of biopolymer colloidal nanomaterials have been and remain highly challenging to date. Our review is devoted to the description of carbohydrate nanoparticle synthesis and modification, with a brief overview of the biological and promising clinical outcomes. We also expect this manuscript to highlight the great potential of carbohydrate nanocarriers for drug delivery and targeted treatment of gliomas of various grades and glioblastomas, as the most aggressive of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir E Silant'ev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Processes, Institute of Chemistry, FEB RAS, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Mikhail E Shmelev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Andrei S Belousov
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Aleksandra A Patlay
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Roman A Shatilov
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vladislav M Farniev
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Vadim V Kumeiko
- Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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12
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Xiang S, Lan Y, Lu L, Sun C, Lai Y, Mai Z, Tian F, Fu E, Zhong H, Cui F, Mao H, Song C. A novel alternative strategy for monitoring and insight into liver fibrosis progression: The combination of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and gut microbiota. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 225:115082. [PMID: 36693287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the studies on the interaction and relationship between the intestinal microorganisms and liver diseases are increasing. However, it is still a huge challenge for the in-depth investigation and dynamic monitoring of such a complex network. Herein, a significant discovery was made. A strong association between gut microbial structural and functional genomics and SERS spectra of hepatocytes were revealed. Based on the study of gut microbes and SERS spectra, complementary information could be provided for the mechanism analysis of related diseases. Liver fibrosis, a chronic liver disease that lack specific cure was thus comprehensive studied. Liver targeting gold nanoparticle dimers were prepared as the SERS tags, and abundant SERS peak signals were acquired. Meanwhile, the gut microbiomes were also comparative studied. The changes of carbohydrates and lipids in liver cells were observed at the early stages of liver fibrosis, and TLR4 (toll-like receptors 4) was activated to elicit immune responses. Then again, oxidative stress, endotoxin and serum inflammatory factors were the major observations at the late stages. The SERS signals and the microbiome analysis were well confirmed and complemented each other, which suggested that the detection strategy could be another valuable method for the "gut-liver axis" study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Xiang
- South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - YuXiang Lan
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Chenqi Sun
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Yong Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, PR China
| | - Zhiliang Mai
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Erhua Fu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China
| | - Huiqing Zhong
- State Institute of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Feiyun Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | - Hua Mao
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, PR China.
| | - Can Song
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, 646000, PR China.
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13
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Pillarisetti S, Vijayan V, Rangasamy J, Bardhan R, Uthaman S, Park IK. A Multi-Stimuli Responsive Alginate Nanogel for Anticancer Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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14
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Wu YY, Liao WH, Niu ZL, Zhou SH, Wu TT, Li Z, Zhao QH, Xu JY, Xie MJ. Gallium Metal-Organic Nanoparticles with Albumin-Stabilized and Loaded Graphene for Enhanced Delivery to HCT116 Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:225-241. [PMID: 36660337 PMCID: PMC9844232 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s386253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gallium (III) metal-organic complexes have been shown to have the ability to inhibit tumor growth, but the poor water solubility of many of the complexes precludes further application. The use of materials with high biocompatibility as drug delivery carriers for metal-organic complexes to enhance the bioavailability of the drug is a feasible approach. Methods Here, we modified the ligands of gallium 8-hydroxyquinolinate complex with good clinical anticancer activity by replacing the 8-hydroxyquinoline ligands with 5-bromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (HBrQ), and the resulting Ga(III) + HBrQ complex had poor water solubility. Two biocompatible materials, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and graphene oxide (GO), were used to synthesize the corresponding Ga(III) + HBrQ complex nanoparticles (NPs) BSA/Ga/HBrQ NPs and GO/Ga/HBrQ NPs in different ways to enhance the drug delivery of the metal complex. Results Both of BSA/Ga/HBrQ NPs and GO/Ga/HBrQ NPs can maintain stable existence in different solution states. In vitro cytotoxicity test showed that two nanomedicines had excellent anti-proliferation effect on HCT116 cells, which shown higher level of intracellular ROS and apoptosis ratio than that of cisplatin and oxaliplatin. In addition, the superior emissive properties of BSA/Ga/HBrQ NPs and GO/Ga/HBrQ NPs allow their use for in vivo imaging showing highly effective therapy in HCT116 tumor-bearing mouse models. Conclusion The use of biocompatible materials for the preparation of NPs against poorly biocompatible metal-organic complexes to construct drug delivery systems is a promising strategy that can further improve drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Liao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zong-ling Niu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Han Zhou
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tian Wu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Hua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Yuan Xu
- Department of Chemical Biology and Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Theranostics), School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-jin Xie
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Ming-jin Xie, Email
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15
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Janrao C, Khopade S, Bavaskar A, Gomte SS, Agnihotri TG, Jain A. Recent advances of polymer based nanosystems in cancer management. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023:1-62. [PMID: 36542375 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2161780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Nanotechnology, particularly nanoparticle-based platforms, is at the leading edge of current cancer management research. Polymer-based nanosystems have piqued the interest of researchers owing to their many benefits over other conventional drug delivery systems. Polymers derived from both natural and synthetic sources have various biomedical applications due to unique qualities like porosity, mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Polymers such as poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) have been approved by the USFDA and are being researched for drug delivery applications. They have been reported to be potential carriers for drug loading and are used in theranostic applications. In this review, we have primarily focused on the aforementioned polymers and their conjugates. In addition, the therapeutic and diagnostic implications of polymer-based nanosystems have been briefly reviewed. Furthermore, the safety of the developed polymeric formulations is crucial, and we have discussed their biocompatibility in detail. This article also discusses recent developments in block co-polymer-based nanosystems for cancer treatment. The review ends with the challenges of clinical translation of polymer-based nanosystems in drug delivery for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Janrao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Shivani Khopade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Akshay Bavaskar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Shyam Sudhakar Gomte
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejas Girish Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Aakanchha Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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16
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Zou L, Li Q, Hou Y, Chen M, Xu X, Wu H, Sun Z, Ma G. Self-assembled glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives for functional applications: a review. Food Funct 2022; 13:12487-12509. [PMID: 36413139 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02472a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a famous natural product, has been attracting more attention recently because of its remarkable biological activity, natural sweetness, and good biocompatibility. In the past few years, a considerable amount of literature has grown up around the theme of GA-based chemical modification to broaden its functional applications. Promising structures including gels, micelles, nanoparticles, liposomes, and so forth have been constantly reported. On the one hand, the assembly mechanisms of various materials based on GA derivatives have been elucidated via modern analytical techniques. On the other hand, their potential application prospects in edible additives, intelligent drug delivery, and other fields have been investigated fully due to availability, biocompatibility, and controllable degradability. Inspired by these findings, a systematic summary and classification of the materials formed by GA derivatives seems necessary and meaningful. This review sums up the new functional applications of GA derivatives for the first time and provides better prospects for their application and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Qinglong Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Meiying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xudong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhaocui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guoxu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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17
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Iota carrageenan gold-silver NPs photothermal hydrogel for tumor postsurgical anti-recurrence and wound healing. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 298:120123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Bao J, Tu H, Li J, Dong Y, Dang L, Yurievna KE, Zhang F, Xu L. Interfacial engineered iron oxide nanoring for T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging-guided magnetothermal-chemotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1005719. [PMID: 36277375 PMCID: PMC9582775 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1005719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to no penetration depth limitation, low cost, and easy control, magnetic nanoparticles mediated magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) has shown great potential in experimental and clinal treatments of various diseases. However, the low heating conversion efficiencies and short circulation times are major drawback for most existing magnetic-thermal materials. Additionally, single MHT treatment always leads to resistance and recurrence. Herein, a highly efficient magnetic-thermal conversion, ferrimagnetic vortex nanoring Fe3O4 coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) nanoparticles (Fe3O4@HA, FVNH NPs) was firstly constructed. Additionally, the doxorubicin (DOX) was successfully enclosed inside the FVNH and released remotely for synergetic magnetic–thermal/chemo cancer therapy. Due to the ferrimagnetic vortex-domain state, the ring shape Fe3O4 displays a high specific absorption rate (SAR) under an external alternating magnetic field (AMF). Additionally, antitumor drug (DOX) can be encapsulated inside the single large hole of FVNH by the hyaluronic acid (HA) shell and quickly released in response the tumor acidic microenvironments and AMF. What’s more, the non-loaded FVNH NPs show good biocompatibility but high cytotoxicity after loading DOX under AMF. Furthermore, the synthesized FVNH can efficiently reduce the transverse relaxation time and enhance negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The impressive in vivo systemic therapeutic efficacy of FVNH was also proved in this work. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that the synthesized FVNH NPs offer the promise of serving as multifunctional theranostic nanoplatforms for medical imaging-guided tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Bao
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Functional Magnetic Resonance and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Tu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Office of Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanbo Dong
- School of Education, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Le Dang
- School of Education, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Korjova Elena Yurievna
- Institute of Psychology, The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Fengshou Zhang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- *Correspondence: Fengshou Zhang, ; Lei Xu,
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Fengshou Zhang, ; Lei Xu,
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19
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Mandal AK. Mitochondrial targeting of potent nanoparticulated drugs in combating diseases. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:614-633. [PMID: 35790487 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by the electron transport chain (ETC) leakage and reduced adenosine tri-phosphate synthesis, occurs primarily due to free radicals -induced mutations in either the mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) or nuclear (n) DNA caused by pathogenic infections, toxicant exposures, adverse drug-effects, or other environmental exposures, leading to secondary dysfunction affecting ischemic, diabetic, cancerous, and degenerative diseases. In these concerns, mitochondria-targeted remedies may include a significant role in the protection and treatment of mitochondrial function to enhance its activity. Coenzyme Q10 pyridinol and pyrimidinol antioxidant analogues and other potent drug-compounds for their multifunctional radical quencher and other anti-toxic activities may take a significant therapeutic effectivity for ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, the encapsulation of these bioactive ligands-attached potent compounds in vesicular system may enable them a superb biological effective for the treatment of mitochondria-targeted dysfunction-related diseases with least side effects. This review depicts mainly on mitochondrial enzymatic dysfunction and their amelioration by potent drugs with the usages of nanoparticulated delivery system against mitochondria-affected diseases.
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20
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Ahmed T, Liu FCF, Lu B, Lip H, Park E, Alradwan I, Liu JF, He C, Zetrini A, Zhang T, Ghavaminejad A, Rauth AM, Henderson JT, Wu XY. Advances in Nanomedicine Design: Multidisciplinary Strategies for Unmet Medical Needs. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1722-1765. [PMID: 35587783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Globally, a rising burden of complex diseases takes a heavy toll on human lives and poses substantial clinical and economic challenges. This review covers nanomedicine and nanotechnology-enabled advanced drug delivery systems (DDS) designed to address various unmet medical needs. Key nanomedicine and DDSs, currently employed in the clinic to tackle some of these diseases, are discussed focusing on their versatility in diagnostics, anticancer therapy, and diabetes management. First-hand experiences from our own laboratory and the work of others are presented to provide insights into strategies to design and optimize nanomedicine- and nanotechnology-enabled DDS for enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Computational analysis is also briefly reviewed as a technology for rational design of controlled release DDS. Further explorations of DDS have illuminated the interplay of physiological barriers and their impact on DDS. It is demonstrated how such delivery systems can overcome these barriers for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and how new perspectives of next-generation DDS can be applied clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taksim Ahmed
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Fuh-Ching Franky Liu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Brian Lu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - HoYin Lip
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Elliya Park
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Alradwan
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Jackie Fule Liu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Chunsheng He
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Abdulmottaleb Zetrini
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Tian Zhang
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Amin Ghavaminejad
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Andrew M Rauth
- Departments of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T Henderson
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Xiao Yu Wu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
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21
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Wang Y, Zhong D, Xie F, Chen S, Ma Z, Yang X, Iqbal MZ, Zhang Q, Lu J, Wang S, Zhao R, Kong X. Manganese Phosphate-Doxorubicin-Based Nanomedicines Using Mimetic Mineralization for Cancer Chemotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1930-1941. [PMID: 35380774 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic nanomaterials showed great potential as drug carriers for chemotherapeutics molecules due to their biocompatible physical and chemical properties. A manganese-based inorganic nanomaterial manganese phosphate (MnP) had become a new drug carrier in cancer therapy. However, the approach for manganese phosphate preparation and drug integration is still confined in complex methods. Inspired by mimetic mineralization, we proposed a "one-step" method for the preparation of manganese phosphate-doxorubicin (DOX) nanomedicines (MnP-DOX) by manganese ion and DOX complexation. The structural characterization results revealed that the prepared MnP-DOX nanocomplexes were homogeneous with controlled sizes and shapes. More importantly, the MnP-DOX nanocomposites could significantly induce cancer inhibition in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that the drug molecules were integrated into MnP nanocarriers by mimetic mineralization, which not only prevented the premature release of the drug but also reduced excessive modification. Moreover, the designed MnP-DOX complex showed high loading efficacy and pH-dependent degradation leading to drug release, achieving high efficiency for cancer chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo via a facile process. These achievements presented an approach to construct the manganese phosphate-based chemotherapy nanomedicines by mimetic mineralization for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Wang
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Daliang Zhong
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Xie
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siying Chen
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zaiqiang Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyan Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 311399, China
| | - M Zubair Iqbal
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaju Lu
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shibo Wang
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruibo Zhao
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Kong
- Institute of Smart Biomaterials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang-Mauritius Joint Research Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Hard, Soft, and Hard-and-Soft Drug Delivery Carriers Based on CaCO3 and Alginate Biomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Pharmaceutical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050909. [PMID: 35631494 PMCID: PMC9146629 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Because free therapeutic drug molecules often have adverse effects on normal tissues, deliver scanty drug concentrations and exhibit a potentially low efficacy at pathological sites, various drug carriers have been developed for preclinical and clinical trials. Their physicochemical and toxicological properties are the subject of extensive research. Inorganic calcium carbonate particles are promising candidates as drug delivery carriers owning to their hardness, porous internal structure, high surface area, distinctive pH-sensitivity, low degradability, etc, while soft organic alginate hydrogels are also widely used because of their special advantages such as a high hydration, bio-adhesiveness, and non-antigenicity. Here, we review these two distinct substances as well as hybrid structures encompassing both types of carriers. Methods of their synthesis, fundamental properties and mechanisms of formation, and their respective applications are described. Furthermore, we summarize and compare similarities versus differences taking into account unique advantages and disadvantages of these drug delivery carriers. Moreover, rational combination of both carrier types due to their performance complementarity (yin-&yang properties: in general, yin is referred to for definiteness as hard, and yang is broadly taken as soft) is proposed to be used in the so-called hybrid carriers endowing them with even more advanced properties envisioned to be attractive for designing new drug delivery systems.
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23
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From Biomedical Applications of Alginate towards CVD Implications Linked to COVID-19. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030318. [PMID: 35337116 PMCID: PMC8955152 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past year, researchers have focused their attention on developing new strategies for understanding how the coronavirus affects human health and developing novel biomaterials to help patients with cardiovascular disease, which greatly increases the risk of complications from the virus. Natural biopolymers have been investigated, and it has been proven that alginate-based materials have important features. This review presents an overview of alginate-based materials used for developing innovative biomaterial platforms for biomedical applications to mitigate the effects of the coronavirus. As presented in this review, COVID-19 affects the cardiovascular system, not only the lungs. The first part of the review presents an introduction to cardiovascular diseases and describes how they have become an important problem worldwide. In the second part of the review, the origin and unique properties of the alginate biopolymer are presented. Among the properties of alginate, the most important are its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low cost, nontoxicity, unique structure, and interesting features after chemical modification. The third section of the review illustrates some of the functions of alginate in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and drug delivery applications. Researchers are using alginate to develop new devices and materials for repairing heart tissues that have been damaged by the coronavirus. Further, insights regarding how cardiovascular disease affects COVID-19 patients are also discussed. Finally, we conclude the review by presenting a summary of the impacts of COVID-19 on cardiovascular patients, their implications, and several hypothetical alginate-based treatments for infected patients.
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Akakuru OU, Zhang Z, Iqbal MZ, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Wu A. Chemotherapeutic nanomaterials in tumor boundary delineation: Prospects for effective tumor treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:2640-2657. [PMID: 35755279 PMCID: PMC9214073 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurately delineating tumor boundaries is key to predicting survival rates of cancer patients and assessing response of tumor microenvironment to various therapeutic techniques such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review discusses various strategies that have been deployed to accurately delineate tumor boundaries with particular emphasis on the potential of chemotherapeutic nanomaterials in tumor boundary delineation. It also compiles the types of tumors that have been successfully delineated by currently available strategies. Finally, the challenges that still abound in accurate tumor boundary delineation are presented alongside possible perspective strategies to either ameliorate or solve the problems. It is expected that the information communicated herein will form the first compendious baseline information on tumor boundary delineation with chemotherapeutic nanomaterials and provide useful insights into future possible paths to advancing current available tumor boundary delineation approaches to achieve efficacious tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhoujing Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - M. Zubair Iqbal
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chengjie Zhu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Yewei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
- Corresponding author.
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Yu SC, Hou YT, Hsu CM, Tsai FJ, Tsai Y. Inclusion complex of emodin and glycyrrhetinic acid-conjugated-β-cyclodextrin to target liver cells: synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity in vitro and in vivo. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Sodium Alginate as a Pharmaceutical Excipient: Novel Applications of a Well-known Polymer. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:1250-1261. [PMID: 34986359 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alginates are naturally occurring polymers revealing low toxicity, good biocompatibility and biodegradability, excellent gelling and thickening properties, as well as low production cost and good availability. One of the most important features typical for alginates is the ability to undergo ionotropic gelation which is gel formation process occurring upon the contact with cations. Because of their advantageous properties, alginates have been extensively utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries. In this review the current knowledge regarding the most recent studies involving both popularly applied dosage forms, like tablets or hydrogels, and novel advanced drug delivery systems applied in targeted therapies are summarized and discussed. The presented studies indicate that although sodium alginate is a well-established polymer, it is still widely applied as pharmaceutical excipient and the presented research studies indicate that there are still research areas that can be explored and provide innovation in drug delivery systems.
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Aqeel R, Srivastava N, Kushwaha P. Micelles in Cancer Therapy: An Update on Preclinical and Clinical Status. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 16:283-294. [PMID: 34303336 DOI: 10.2174/1872210515666210720125717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the recent years, Micelles represent a promising carrier for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. Architecturally, micelles are self-assembled nanosized colloidal aggregates prepared from amphiphilic surfactant with a hydrophobic core and hydrophilic shell. Such a composition makes them a potential carrier for delivery of hydrophobic anticancer drugs with in their core. METHODS Micelles have received increasing interest as an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) targeted drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. Micelles can be modified to contribute various attractive properties, for instance, active targeting, stimuli-responsiveness. They have also proven their ability in drug targeting to tumor tissue, enhanced drug accumulation, drug stabilization, tissue penetration, prolong circulation, in vivo biocompatibility, biodegradability and reduced side effects. Micelles have displayed a vital role in multidrug delivery for cancer therapy. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The aim of the present review is to provide an overview on the status of micellar nanoformulations for anticancer agents, including their pre-clinical and clinical researches. Emphasis is placed on presenting the newer strategies to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drug at the target site. The type of co-polymers used and methods for the preparation of micelles are also highlighted in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Aqeel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Herbal Medicinal Product Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, UP-226015, India
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Nanoemulsion of cashew gum and clove essential oil (Ocimum gratissimum Linn) potentiating antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:100-108. [PMID: 34627848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, nanoemulsions of essential oil from Ocimumgratissimum (Linn) (EO) were produced using low and high energy techniques using cashew gum (CG) as a co-surfactant. The main constituents of the EO were determined by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and their presence in the EO and in the formulations verified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-visible spectrophotometry was observed the encapsulation efficiency (EE%), with colloidal stability. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to study cashew gum. Dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS) determined the nanoemulsion Z means, polydispersity index and the Zeta potential value, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were determined. The nanostructured EO showed better antibacterial action against the pathogenic gastroenteritis species Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica when compared to free EO. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for morphological analysis of the nanoparticle and study of the action of the nanoemulsion through images of the cellular morphology of S. enterica. The antioxidant activity was evaluated against the ABTS radical (2,2'-azino-bis diazonium salt (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)). The encapsulation of EO in a nanostructured system improved its antibacterial and antioxidant activity, the low energy synthesis showed greater storage stability, remaining stable for 37 days.
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Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Hydrolyzed Metabolite 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid as Specific Ligands for Targeting Nanosystems in the Treatment of Liver Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111792. [PMID: 34834206 PMCID: PMC8621092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhizic acid and its hydrolyzed metabolite 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, obtained from the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, have numerous pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative, antiallergic, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antitumor, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects, and others. In addition to the pharmacological activities, in the 1980s, an interaction and uptake of these molecules by the liver was verified, which was later confirmed by other studies through the discovery of specific receptors in the hepatocytes. The presence of these specific receptors in the liver led to vectorization and delivery of drugs, by the introduction of glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid on the surface of nanosystems, for the treatment of liver diseases. This review describes experimental evidence of vectorization by conjugating glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid to nanosystems and delivery of antitumor drugs for the treatment of liver cancer and also describes the techniques used to perform this conjugation. We have shown that due to the existence of specific receptors for these molecules, in addition to the targeting of nanosystems to hepatocytes, nanosystems having glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhetinic acid on their surface had the same therapeutic effect in a significantly lower dose compared to the free drug and unconjugated nanosystems, with consequent reduction of side effects and toxicity.
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Yu L, Zhang X, Li X, Zhang Z, Niu X, Wang X, Wang W, Yuan Z. A pH-responsive Pt-based nanoradiosensitizer for enhanced radiotherapy via oxidative stress amplification. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13735-13745. [PMID: 34477648 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02043a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumor radioresistance is a major issue in radiotherapy. To address it, a pH-responsive nanoradiosensitizer was synthesized employing a simple method. Initially, chloroplatinic acid was reduced by human serum albumin (HSA) to form HSA-wrapped Pt@HSA nanoparticles (NPs). Subsequently, cinnamicaldehyde (CA) was grafted on Pt@HSA via aldimine condensation to obtain nanoradiosensitizer Pt@HSA/CA NPs. CA would be released in tumor cells (pH = 5.5) to induce the production of reactive oxygen species, including H2O2, ˙OH, etc. The increased decomposition of H2O2 catalyzed by the NPs resulted in enhanced production of oxygen, leading to hypoxia relief of the tumor cells, which is beneficial for radiotherapy. Due to the high X-ray attenuation coefficient of Pt, Pt@HSA/CA NPs enhance the energy deposition of radiation. Cytotoxicity assay revealed that Pt@HSA/CA NPs resulted in a cell death rate of 77%, which was 24.4% higher than that of Pt@HSA NPs even under low-dose X-ray irradiation of 4 Gy. Colony formation assay demonstrated that the sensitization enhancement ratio was 1.37, indicating that Pt@HSA/CA NPs displayed remarkable radiosensitizing ability. Notably, in vivo results indicated that the NPs could increase the tumor inhibition rate to 91.2% with negligible side effects to normal tissues. These results demonstrate that Pt@HSA/CA NPs had outstanding tumor curative efficacy and hypotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Mintz KJ, Leblanc RM. The use of nanotechnology to combat liver cancer: Progress and perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188621. [PMID: 34454983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is also one of the most difficult cancers to treat, resulting in almost one million deaths per year, and the danger of this cancer is compounded when the tumor is nonresectable. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer and has the third highest mortality rate worldwide. Considering the morbid statistics surrounding this cancer it is a popular research topic to target for better therapy practices. This review summarizes the role of nanotechnology in these endeavors. Nanoparticles (NPs) are a very broad class of material and many different kinds have been used to potentially combat liver cancer. Gold, silver, platinum, metal oxide, calcium, and selenium NPs as well as less common materials are all inorganic NPs that have been used as a therapeutic, carrier, or imaging agent in drug delivery systems (DDS) and these efforts are described. Carbon-based NPs, including polymeric, polysaccharide, and lipid NPs as well as carbon dots, have also been widely studied for this purpose and the role they play in DDS for the treatment of liver cancer is illustrated in this review. The multifunctional nature of many NPs described herein, allows these systems to display high anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo and highlights the advantage of and need for combinatorial therapy in treating this difficult cancer. These works are summarized, and future directions are presented for this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keenan J Mintz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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Xiang S, Lu L, Zhong H, Lu M, Mao H. SERS diagnosis of liver fibrosis in the early stage based on gold nanostar liver targeting tags. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5035-5044. [PMID: 34110332 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00013f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to realize the accurate and early diagnosis of liver fibrosis, a long slow pathological process which may lead to cirrhosis or even liver cancer, liver targeting tags made up of gold nanostars and glycyrrhetinic acid are reported in this paper. Gold nanostars (GNSs) and GNS liver targeting tags (GLTTs) were injected into model mice with stage S1 liver fibrosis and normal mice via the tail vein respectively, then the SERS spectra were collected. GLTTs had a better detection effect on liver tissue than unmodified GNSs (12.85 times), and better detection reproducibility as well. Moreover, according to the MTT and survival analysis experiments, GLTTs also had better biocompatibility. Hence, the changes of 10 SERS signals and other substances in the early stage of liver fibrosis were analyzed at the molecular level, and the SERS characteristic peaks that could be used for the diagnosis of early liver fibrosis were screened out. Revealed by the experimental results, the GLTTs designed and prepared were applicable to the efficient SERS detection of early liver fibrosis in mice, and the strategy we have proposed might be a potential approach for the early diagnosis of this disease in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Xiang
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Huiqing Zhong
- State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Institute of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
| | - Hua Mao
- Department of Digestive Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China.
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Saadat M, Mostafaei F, Mahdinloo S, Abdi M, Zahednezhad F, Zakeri-Milani P, Valizadeh H. Drug delivery of pH-Sensitive nanoparticles into the liver cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Cao Y, Cheng Y, Zhao G. Near-Infrared Light-, Magneto-, and pH-Responsive GO-Fe 3O 4/Poly( N-isopropylacrylamide)/alginate Nanocomposite Hydrogel Microcapsules for Controlled Drug Release. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5522-5530. [PMID: 33929865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Responsive hydrogels have found widespread applications in biomedical science and engineering fields, especially for drug delivery. Despite the superior performance of responsive hydrogels, challenges still exist in drug-delivery efficiency when environmental stimuli are weak. Recently, the demand in the design of hydrogel-based drug delivery systems has stimulated considerable interest in the search for new strategies, for instance, the application of nanocomposite hydrogels for reinforcing the versatility and flexibility in controlled drug delivery. In this study, a novel and effective nanocomposite hydrogel microcapsule drug delivery system, which is composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and alginate interpenetrating polymer and GO-Fe3O4 nanomaterials, is developed to achieve NIR light-, magneto-, and pH-responsive drug release. The GO-Fe3O4 nanomaterials embedded in the interpenetrating polymer enable the PNIPAM hydrogel deswelling by raising temperature above the lower critical solution temperature under NIR light and alternating magnetic field, thus accelerating the release of doxorubicin. In addition, the introduction of alginate into PNIPAM hydrogels endows nanocomposite hydrogels (NCHs) with quick gelation property, enhanced mechanical property, and pH-responsive performance. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay confirmed that the NCH platform can effectively kill the cancer cells. This novel multiresponsive drug delivery system holds great promise for the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
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Preparation of Alginate-Based Biomaterials and Their Applications in Biomedicine. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19050264. [PMID: 34068547 PMCID: PMC8150954 DOI: 10.3390/md19050264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginates are naturally occurring polysaccharides extracted from brown marine algae and bacteria. Being biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and easy to gel, alginates can be processed into various forms, such as hydrogels, microspheres, fibers and sponges, and have been widely applied in biomedical field. The present review provides an overview of the properties and processing methods of alginates, as well as their applications in wound healing, tissue repair and drug delivery in recent years.
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36
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Li YL, Zhu XM, Liang H, Orvig C, Chen ZF. Recent Advances in Asialoglycoprotein Receptor and Glycyrrhetinic Acid Receptor-Mediated and/or pH-Responsive Hepatocellular Carcinoma- Targeted Drug Delivery. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1508-1534. [PMID: 32368967 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200505085756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) seriously affects human health, especially, it easily develops multi-drug resistance (MDR) which results in treatment failure. There is an urgent need to develop highly effective and low-toxicity therapeutic agents to treat HCC and to overcome its MDR. Targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) for cancer therapy, including nanoparticles, lipids, micelles and liposomes, have been studied for decades. Recently, more attention has been paid to multifunctional DDS containing various ligands such as polymer moieties, targeting moieties, and acid-labile linkages. The polymer moieties such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), chitosan (CTS), hyaluronic acid, pullulan, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) protect DDS from degradation. Asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) and glycyrrhetinic acid receptor (GAR) are most often used as the targeting moieties, which are overexpressed on hepatocytes. Acid-labile linkage, catering for the pH difference between tumor cells and normal tissue, has been utilized to release drugs at tumor tissue. OBJECTIVES This review provides a summary of the recent progress in ASGPR and GAR-mediated and/or pH-responsive HCC-targeted drug delivery. CONCLUSION The multifunctional DDS may prolong systemic circulation, continuously release drugs, increase the accumulation of drugs at the targeted site, enhance the anticancer effect, and reduce side effects both in vitro and in vivo. But it is rarely used to investigate MDR of HCC; therefore, it needs to be further studied before going into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lan Li
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiao-Min Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chris Orvig
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin 541004, China
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Alhalmi A, Beg S, Kohli K, Waris M, Singh T. Nanotechnology Based Approach for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Targeting. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:779-792. [PMID: 33302831 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201209194524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary liver cancer that has shown a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide among several types of cancers. A large variety of chemotherapeutic agents employed for the treatment have a limited success rate owing to their limited site-specific drug targeting ability. Thus, there is a demand to develop novel approaches for the treatment of HCC. With advancements in nanotechnology-based drug delivery approaches, the challenges of conventional chemotherapy have been continuously decreasing. Nanomedicines constituted of lipidic and polymeric composites provide a better platform for delivering and opening new pathways for HCC treatment. A score of nanocarriers such as surface-engineered liposomes, nanoparticles, nanotubes, micelles, quantum dots, etc., has been investigated in the treatment of HCC. These nanocarriers are considered to be highly effective clinically for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs with high site-specificity ability and therapeutic efficiency. The present review highlights the current focus on the application of nanocarrier systems using various ligand-based receptor-specific targeting strategies for the treatment and management of HCC. Moreover, the article has also included information on the current clinically approved drug therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment and updates of regulatory requirements for approval of such nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam Alhalmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Md Waris
- Department of Botany, Thakur Prasad Singh College, Patna, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, India
| | - Tanuja Singh
- University Department of Botany, Patliputra University, Patna, Bihar, India
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Lakkakula JR, Gujarathi P, Pansare P, Tripathi S. A comprehensive review on alginate-based delivery systems for the delivery of chemotherapeutic agent: Doxorubicin. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117696. [PMID: 33673985 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), an anthracycline drug, is widely used for the treatment of several cancers like osteosarcoma, cervical carcinoma, breast cancer, etc. DOX lacks target specificity; thereby it also affects normal cells thus resulting in several side-effects. A drug delivery system (DDS) can be used to deliver the drug in a controlled and sustained manner at a targeted site within the body. Various DDS like nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, and liposomes are used for loading DOX. Alginate, a polysaccharide is widely used for fabricating DDS due to its biodegradable and bio-compatible properties. Alginates, in combination with other biomaterials, have been extensively used as a novel drug delivery carrier for DOX. Alginate provides a platform for drug delivery in different forms like hydrogels, nanogels, nanoparticles, microparticles, graphene oxide systems, magnetic systems, etc. Herein, we briefly describe alginate in combination with other materials as a nanocarrier for targeted delivery of DOX for anti-cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya R Lakkakula
- Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai - Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post - Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India.
| | - Pratik Gujarathi
- Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai - Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post - Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Prachi Pansare
- Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai - Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post - Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India
| | - Swastika Tripathi
- Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai - Pune Expressway, Bhatan Post - Somathne, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 410206, India
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Rahman M, Almalki WH, Alrobaian M, Iqbal J, Alghamdi S, Alharbi KS, Alruwaili NK, Hafeez A, Shaharyar A, Singh T, Waris M, Kumar V, Beg S. Nanocarriers-loaded with natural actives as newer therapeutic interventions for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:489-513. [PMID: 33225771 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1854223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer has always been a menace for the society. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal and 3rdlargest causes of deaths around the world.Area covered: The emergence of natural actives is considered as the greatest boon for fighting cancer. The natural actives take precedence over the traditional chemotherapeutic drugs in terms of their multi-target, multi-level and coordinated effects in the treatment of HCC. Literature reports have indicated the tremendous potential of bioactive natural products in inhibiting the HCC via molecular drug targeting, augmented bioavailability, and the ability for both passive or active targeting and stimulus-responsive drug release characteristics. This review provides a newer treatment approaches involved in the mechanism of action of different natural actives used for the HCC treatment via different molecular pathways. Besides, the promising advantage of natural bioactive-loaded nanocarriers in HCC treatment has also been also presented in this review. Expert opinion: The remarkable outcomes have been observed with therapeutic efficacy of the nanocarriers of natural actives in the treatment of HCC.Furthermore, it requires a thorough assessment of the safety and efficacy evaluation of the nanocarriers for the delivery of targeted natural active ingredients in HCC.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfoozur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Waleed H Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-qura University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alrobaian
- Department of Pharmaceutics & and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawed Iqbal
- Multidisciplinary Centre for Advanced Research and Studies, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi-110025
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil K Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Adil Shaharyar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Tanuja Singh
- Department of Botany, T.P.S College, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Mohammad Waris
- Department of Botany, T.P.S College, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health & Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Nanomedicine Research Lab, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for the Co-Delivery of DOX/CPT-PEG for Targeting HepG2 Cells. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111048. [PMID: 33147860 PMCID: PMC7694026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A pH-triggered mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN)-based nano-vehicle for the dual delivery of doxorubicin (DOX)/camptothecin-PEG (CPT-PEG) has been prepared. To enhance its selectivity, the nanoparticles were decorated with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) to target HepG2 cells. The highly insoluble CPT was derivatized with a reductive-cleavable PEG chain to improve its loading within the MSN. The preparation of these particles consisted of four steps. First, CPT-PEG was loaded within the pores of the MSN. Then, dihydrazide polyethylene glycol chains were introduced onto the surface of an aldehyde-functionalized MSN by means of a hydrazone bond. Afterwards, DOX was covalently attached to the other end of the dihydrazide polyethylene glycol chains. Finally, the resulting nanoparticles were decorated with GA by formation of an imine bond between the amino group of DOX and a benzaldehyde-GA derivative. The system was stable at physiological conditions and the release of both drugs was negligible. However, at acidic pH, a burst release of DOX and a gradual release of CPT-PEG takes place. GA-decorated drug delivery systems (DDS) selectively internalizes into HepG2. In vitro tests demonstrated that this system shows a great cytotoxicity towards HepG2 cells. Furthermore, glutathione cleavage of CPT prodrug assures the formation of free CPT leading to a synergistic effect in combination with DOX.
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41
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Zhang P, Zhang Y, Ding X, Shen W, Li M, Wagner E, Xiao C, Chen X. A Multistage Cooperative Nanoplatform Enables Intracellular Co-Delivery of Proteins and Chemotherapeutics for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000013. [PMID: 33035385 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combining intracellularly active proteins with chemotherapeutics represents a promising strategy for synergistic cancer therapy. However, the lack of nanocarrier systems for delivery into cancer cells and controlled intracellular release of both physicochemically very distinct cargos significantly impedes the biomedical translation of this combination strategy in cancer therapy. Here, a well-designed triblock copolymer, mPEG-b-PGCA-b-PGTA, is reported for application in a multistage cooperative drug delivery nanoplatform that accomplishes effective intracellular co-delivery of hydrophilic ribonuclease A (RNase A) and hydrophobic doxorubicin (DOX). RNase A bioreversibly modified with phenylboronic acid groups via a ROS-cleavable carbamate linker is incorporated into the triblock copolymer nanoparticles with high efficiency through a pH-reversible phenylboronic acid-catechol linkage. The reversible covalent conjugations between RNase A and the triblock copolymer endow the nanoparticles with high stability under normal physiological conditions. Upon cellular internalization, the cooperative release of DOX and RNase A from the triblock copolymer nanoparticles is triggered at multiple stages by endosomal acidic environment and subsequent DOX-enhanced intracellular ROS environment. This leads to enhanced synergistic anticancer effects as demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Given the versatility of dynamic covalent conjugations, this work provides a universal and stable platform for intracellular co-delivery of various combinations of proteins and chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoya Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Mingqian Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P. R. China
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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He H, Xie C, Lu X. Injectable hydrogels for anti‐tumour treatment: a review. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1049/bsbt.2020.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huan He
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of MaterialsMinistry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong University610031ChengduSichuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chaoming Xie
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of MaterialsMinistry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong University610031ChengduSichuanPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of MaterialsMinistry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong University610031ChengduSichuanPeople's Republic of China
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43
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Alginate-Based Platforms for Cancer-Targeted Drug Delivery. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1487259. [PMID: 33083451 PMCID: PMC7563048 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1487259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As an acidic, ocean colloid polysaccharide, alginate is both a biopolymer and a polyelectrolyte that is considered to be biocompatible, nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, and biodegradable. A significant number of studies have confirmed the potential use of alginate-based platforms as effective vehicles for drug delivery for cancer-targeted treatment. In this review, the focus is on the formation of alginate-based cancer-targeted delivery systems. Specifically, some general chemical and physical properties of alginate and different types of alginate-based delivery systems are discussed, and various kinds of alginate-based carriers are introduced. Finally, recent innovative strategies to functionalize alginate-based vehicles for cancer targeting are described to highlight research towards the optimization of alginate.
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44
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Improved oral bioavailability and target delivery of 6-shogaol via vitamin E TPGS-modified liposomes: Preparation, in-vitro and in-vivo characterizations. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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45
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Synthesis, self-assembly of perfluoropolyether based ABA-triblock copolymers for superhydrophobic surface applications. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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46
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Verma ML, Dhanya B, Sukriti, Rani V, Thakur M, Jeslin J, Kushwaha R. Carbohydrate and protein based biopolymeric nanoparticles: Current status and biotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:390-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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47
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Feng R, Wang W, Zhu L, Xu H, Chen S, Song Z. Phenylboronic acid-functionalized F127-oligochitosan conjugate micelles for doxorubicin encapsulation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3345-3355. [PMID: 32583518 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin shows good anticancer activity, but poor pharmacokinetic property and high organ toxicity restrict its clinical application. The synthesized phenylboronic acid-modified F127-chitosan conjugate was used to prepare doxorubicin-loaded micelles through dialysis method. The physicochemical properties of the doxorubicin-loaded micelles were characterized. These micelles were further evaluated for in vitro release/cytotoxicity, in vivo activity/biosafety, and pharmacokinetic studies. in vitro release experiment demonstrated that the release of doxorubicin from drug-loaded micelles was pH-dependent. in vitro cytotoxic study showed that the introduction of phenylboronic acid resulted in lower IC50 against B16 cells than that in non-modified F127-chitosan micelles group, and the doxorubicin-loaded micelles displayed lower in vitro activity against B16, A549, and HT-29 cells than free doxorubicin did. However, in vivo experiments confirmed that the doxorubicin-loaded micelles were safe for mouse main organs, obviously improved pharmacokinetic parameters of doxorubicin in rat and achieved comparable inhibition of tumor growth with no animal death in B16-bearing mice models throughout the experiment when compared with free doxorubicin. The phenylboronic acid-sialic acid interaction and pH-sensitive drug release might play important roles in increased tumor targeting and therapeutic effect of the doxorubicin-loaded micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runliang Feng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Wanqiu Wang
- Pharmaceutical research laboratory, Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhimei Song
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province, P. R. China
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48
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Liu Y, Cong Y, Ma W, Kang G, Meng C, Liu F, Yu C, Wei H. Triple Functional AB 2 Unit-Modulated Facile Preparation of Bioreducible Hyperbranched Copolymers. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2812-2821. [PMID: 33463294 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Facile preparation of hyperbranched polymers (HPs) has been advanced tremendously by the use of either various multifunctional agent-mediated controlled living radical polymerizations or a highly reactive ABx unit-modulated self-stepwise polymerizations. However, it remains, to our knowledge, a significant challenge to prepare HPs with simultaneously precisely controlled degree of branching (DB) and biorelevant signal-triggered degradation property for controlled release applications due to the respective limitations of the aforementioned two strategies. For this purpose, a triple functional AB2 unit, A-SS-B2 chain transfer agent (AB2 CTA), that integrates the merits of both multifunctional agents and highly reactive ABx units was designed and synthesized successfully to include a disulfide bond for reduction-triggered polymer degradation toward promoted intracellular release of encapsulated cargoes, a trithiocarbonate group for a universal reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of any vinyl-based monomer, and three terminal groups consisting of one azide and two alkyne functions for the generation of hyperbranched topology via a self-click coupling-based polymerization. A subsequent self-click polymerization of the resulting AB2 CTA by click coupling in the presence of CuSO4·5H2O and sodium ascorbate (NaVc) generated a hyperbranched polymer template (HPT) with precisely modulated DB and a plurality of CTA units for a universal reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of any vinyl-containing monomer. The HPT was next used as a multimacro-CTA for RAFT polymerization of a typical hydrophilic monomer, oligo(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA), to demonstrate the potential of this HPT for a robust and facile production of bioreducible hyperbranched polymers for controlled release applications. The synthesized HPT-4-POEGMA can form unimolecular micelles with enhanced stability due to the hyperbranched structure, and the size of micelles varied in the range from 82.4 to 140.3 nm by a modulation of the molar feed ratio of monomer to HPT and polymerization time. More importantly, HPT-POEGMA micelles incubated with 10 mM glutathione (GSH) showed reduction-triggered cleavage of the disulfide links and polymer degradation for promoted intracellular doxorubicin (DOX) release and enhanced therapeutic efficiency. Taken together, this triple functional AB2 CTA provided a powerful means for the facile preparation of bioreducible hyperbranched polymers with precisely controlled DB for controlled release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Guiying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Chao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Fangjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Cuiyun Yu
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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49
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Chen X, Zhao X, Wang G. Review on marine carbohydrate-based gold nanoparticles represented by alginate and chitosan for biomedical application. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 244:116311. [PMID: 32536396 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been attracted considerable attention in cancer therapy, drug delivery and other applications due to their unique physical, chemical, and optical properties. Marine carbohydrates are important biological macromolecules that widely exist in marine algae and animals, such as alginate, carrageenan, porphyran, fucoidan, ulvan, agarose, and chitosan. Their excellent properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and no irritation, make them widely used in biomedicine and nanomaterials fields. More importantly, they can be easily modified by functional groups, such as sulfation, acetylation, and carboxylation, to further extend their applications. The marine carbohydrates functionalized AuNPs can increase their biocompatibility and targeting in a green preparation method. Here, we review recent advances on marine carbohydrate-based AuNPs for cancer therapy, imaging, drug delivery and other biomedical fields. The topics of selective surface modification in different carbohydrates and further biomedical applications of AuNPs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Guixiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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50
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Zhang Q, Mohammed EAH, Wang Y, Bai Z, Zhao Q, He D, Wang Z. Synthesis and anti-hepaticfibrosis of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives with inhibiting COX-2. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103804. [PMID: 32272365 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Many tests have shown cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was closely related to the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which further promoting the onset and development of hepatic fibrosis. According to these research findings, a series of glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized. Meanwhile, their anti-hepaticfibrotic activities were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, in the tests of the cell models, all the compounds displayed anti-proliferative effect on the HSC-T6 activated by (transforming growth factor beta) TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). Among them, compounds 2 and 16 exhibited a stronger activity than the others, and their IC50 values were 17.6 µM and 30.3 µM, respectively; both of them were low toxicity to normal HSC-T6 cells and WI38 cells, and they inhibited the activated HSC-T6 cells proliferation by promoting apoptosis and resting them at the G0/G1 phase. Secondly, compounds 2 and 16 displayed strong inhibitory effect on activation of HSCs; they not only inhibited the expression of α-SMA and Col1 in the activated HSC-T6 cells, but also decreased the levels of COX-2, TGF-β1 and (reactive oxygen species) ROS in a concentration-dependent manner; they down-regulated the levels of three biomarkers in the process of test, but this decrease did not change linearly with the action time of compound. Thirdly, for the rats which induced with (carbontetrachloride) CCl4, the symptoms of liver fibrosis in rats were significantly alleviated after successive administration the tested compound for 14d; the α-SMA level in liver tissue decreased in a concentration dependent manner; and the liver cell necrosis and the fat collagen fiber decreased significantly compared with the positive control group; furthermore, inflammatory infiltration was significantly lower than that of the control. This suggests the compounds possibly are candidates for hepatic fibrosis with promising application in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | | | - Yanni Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhongjie Bai
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Quanyi Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Dian He
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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