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Strzelecka M, Wiatrak B, Jawień P, Czyżnikowska Ż, Świątek P. New Schiff bases derived from dimethylpyridine-1,2,4-triazole hybrid as cytotoxic agents targeting gastrointestinal cancers: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106758. [PMID: 37540951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
In this research, a series of novel hybrid structures of dimethylpyridine-1,2,4-triazole Schiff bases were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic potency on several human gastrointestinal cancer cells (EPG, Caco-2, LoVo, LoVo/Dx, HT29) and normal colonic epithelial cells (CCD 841 CoN). Schiff base 4h was the most potent compound against gastric EPG cancer cells (CC50 = 12.10 ± 3.10 μM), being 9- and 21-fold more cytotoxic than 5-FU and cisplatin, respectively. Moreover, it was not toxic to normal cells. Regarding the cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells, compounds 4d and 4l exhibited good activity against HT29 cells (CC50 = 52.80 ± 2.80 μM and 61.40 ± 10.70 μM, respectively), and were comparable to or more potent than cisplatin and 5-FU. Also, they were less toxic to normal cells with a higher selectivity index (SI, CCD 841 CoN/HT29 = 4.20 and 2.85, respectively) than reference drugs (SI, CCD 841 CoN/HT29 < 1). Selected Schiff bases were subjected to the P-glycoprotein inhibition assay. Schiff bases 4d, 4e, and 4l influenced P-gp efflux function, significantly increasing the accumulation of rhodamine 123 in colon cancer cell lines. Further mechanistic studies showed that compound 4l induced apoptotic cell death through a caspase-dependent mechanism and by regulating the p53-MDM2 signaling pathway in HT29 cells. Also, physicochemical predictions of compounds 4d, 4e, 4h, and 4i were examined in silico. The results revealed that the compounds possessed promising drug-likeness profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Strzelecka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, J. Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Jawień
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25/27, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Żaneta Czyżnikowska
- Department of Basic Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
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2
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Das A, Sarangi M, Jangid K, Kumar V, Kumar A, Singh PP, Kaur K, Kumar V, Chakraborty S, Jaitak V. Identification of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as tubulin-targeted anticancer agents: a combined field-based 3D-QSAR, pharmacophore model-based virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and density functional theory calculation approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37695635 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2256876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most prominent causes of death worldwide and tubulin is a crucial protein of cytoskeleton that maintains essential cellular functions including cell division as well as cell signalling, that makes an attractive drug target for cancer drug development. 1,3,4-oxadiazoles disrupt microtubule causing G2-M phase cell cycle arrest and provide anti-proliferative effect. In this study, field-based 3D-QSAR models were developed using 62 bioactive anti-tubulin 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. The best model characterized by PLS factor 7 was rigorously validated using various statistical parameters. Generated 3D-QSAR model having high degree of confidence showed favourable and unfavourable contours around 1,3,4-oxadiazole core that assisted in defining proper spatial positioning of desired functional groups for better bioactivity. A five featured pharmacophore model (AAHHR_1) was developed using same ligand library and validated through enrichment analysis (BEDROC160.9 value = 0.59, Average EF 1% = 27.05, and AUC = 0.74). Total 30,212 derivatives of 1,3,4-oxadiazole obtained from PubChem database was prefiltered through validated pharmacophore model and docked in XP mode on binding cavity of tubulin protein (PDB code: 1SA0) which led into the identification of 11 HITs having docking scores between -7.530 and -9.719 kcal/mol while the reference compound Colchicine exerted docking score of -7.046 kcal/mol. Following the analysis of MM-GBSA and ADME studies, HIT1 and HIT4 emerged as the two promising hits. To verify their thermodynamic stability at the target site, molecular dynamic simulations were carried out. Both HITs were further subjected to DFT analysis to determine their HOMO-LUMO energy gap for ensuring their biological feasibility. Finally, molecular docking based structural exploration for 1,3,4-oxadiazoles to set up a lead of Formula I for further advancements of tubulin polymerization inhibitors as anti-cancer agents.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnidipta Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Manaswini Sarangi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Kailash Jangid
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Praval Pratap Singh
- Department of Computational Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sudip Chakraborty
- Department of Computational Sciences, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Yakkala PA, Khan IA, Dannarm SR, Aboti J, Sonti R, Shafi S, Kamal A. Multicomponent Domino Reaction for Concise Access to 2-Amino-Substituted 1,3,4 Oxadiazoles via Smiles Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12216-12223. [PMID: 37563100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
A multicomponent domino reaction has been developed for the preparation of N-substituted 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles directly from various hydrazides (32 examples). The formation of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole involves the Smiles rearrangement of thiazolidinone, which results in the formation of carbodiimide intermediate that concomitantly undergoes amide-imidic acid tautomerism followed by cyclization. The protocol developed has wide applicability and provides the desired 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazole in excellent yields. The GSD studies of NMR spectra of aliphatic substrates (4di, 4dh) revealed the formation of three products, whereas, in the case of allylic and benzylic substrates, thiazolidinones were obtained as the sole products. Furthermore, to elucidate the plausible mechanism, DFT studies were performed affirming carbodiimide as the crucial intermediate for the interconversion of thiazolidinone to oxadiazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Anjaneyulu Yakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Imran A Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Srinivas Reddy Dannarm
- Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Jyoti Aboti
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Rajesh Sonti
- Department of Pharmaceutical analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Syed Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
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4
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Jagetiya S, Auti PS, Paul AT. Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and in Vitro Evaluation of Indolyl Ketohydrazide-Hydrazone Analogs as Potential Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301154. [PMID: 37611116 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of Pancreatic lipase (PL) is considered to be a promising target for the management of obesity, owing to its crucial role in the digestion of dietary triglycerides. A series of 31 indolyl ketohydrazide-hydrazone analogs (5 aa-cm) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their PL inhibitory potential. The analogs were designed using molecular modelling studies. The designed analogs were then synthesized by condensation of indolyl oxoacetohydrazide with various substituted benzaldehydes. All the synthesized analogs showed PL inhibitory activity in the range of 4.13-48.35 μM, as compared with orlistat (0.86±0.09 μM). The most potent analog 5 bi (IC50 =4.13±0.95 μM) was found to show a competitive type of inhibition with Ki value of 0.725 μM. Additionally, the molecular docking study proved the binding of analog 5 bi at the active site of PL (PDB ID: 1LPB) with MolDock score of -141.279 kcal/mol. It also exhibited various interactions with the key amino acids namely Phe77, Phe215, Tyr114, Ser152, Arg256, His263, etc. Furthermore, the protein-ligand complex of analog 5 bi was found to be stable in molecular dynamics simulation for 100 ns with RMSD of less than 3.2 and 4 Å for the protein and ligand, respectively. The current work hereby provides a basis for the potential role of indolyl ketohydrazide-hydrazone analogs in PL inhibition and further optimization could result in the generation of new leads as anti-obesity agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Jagetiya
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant S Auti
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atish T Paul
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani), Pilani Campus, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Yousef TA, Alhamzani AG, Abou-Krisha MM, Kanthimathi G, Raghu M, Kumar KY, Prashanth M, Jeon BH. Synthesis, molecular docking study and anticancer activity of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as potential tubulin inhibitors. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13460. [PMID: 36846693 PMCID: PMC9947267 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study reports on the synthesis and anticancer efficacy of novel oxadiazole derivatives (8a-f) as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. NMR, mass, and elemental studies were used to confirm the newly produced compounds. In contrast to the conventional medicine colchicine, compounds 8e and 8f demonstrated stronger sensitivity and improved IC50 values in the range of 3.19-8.21 μM against breast MCF-7, colorectal HCT116, and liver HepG2 cancer cell lines. The target compounds were tested for enzymatic activity against the tubulin enzyme. Compounds 8e and 8f were shown to have the most effective inhibitory action among the new compounds, with IC50 values of 7.95 and 9.81 nM, respectively. As compared to the reference drug, molecular docking investigations of the developed compounds revealed the crucial hydrogen bonding in addition to the hydrophobic interaction at the binding site, assisting in the prediction of the structural requirements for the found anticancer activity. These findings indicate that the 1,3,4-oxadizole scaffold has the potential for future research into new anticancer medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A. Yousef
- College of Science, Chemistry Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Toxic and Narcotic Drug, Forensic Medicine, Mansoura Laboratory, Medicolegal Organization, Ministry of Justice, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman G. Alhamzani
- College of Science, Chemistry Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mortaga M. Abou-Krisha
- College of Science, Chemistry Department, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - G. Kanthimathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu, 626117, India
| | - M.S. Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 103, India
| | - K. Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara, 562 112, India
| | - M.K. Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560 070, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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6
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An update on the recent advances and discovery of novel tubulin colchicine binding inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:73-95. [PMID: 36756851 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules, formed by α- and β-tubulin heterodimer, are considered as a major target to prevent the proliferation of tumor cells. Microtubule-targeted agents have become increasingly effective anticancer drugs. However, due to the relatively sophisticated chemical structure of taxane and vinblastine, their application has faced numerous obstacles. Conversely, the structure of colchicine binding site inhibitors (CBSIs) is much easier to be modified. Moreover, CBSIs have strong antiproliferative effect on multidrug-resistant tumor cells and have become the mainstream research orientation of microtubule-targeted agents. This review focuses mainly on the recent advances of CBSIs during 2017-2022, attempts to depict their biological activities to analyze the structure-activity relationships and offers new perspectives for designing next generation of novel CBSIs.
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7
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Sunitha Boda, Nukala SK, Manchal R. Synthesis of Some New Indole-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Hybrids as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162023010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of 1,2,4-Triazolo-Linked Bis-Indolyl Conjugates as Dual Inhibitors of Tankyrase and PI3K. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217642. [PMID: 36364474 PMCID: PMC9657870 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new 1,2,4-triazolo-linked bis-indolyl conjugates (15a–r) were prepared by multistep synthesis and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines. It was observed that they were more susceptible to colon and breast cancer cells. Conjugates 15o (IC50 = 2.04 μM) and 15r (IC50 = 0.85 μM) illustrated promising cytotoxicity compared to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, IC50 = 5.31 μM) against the HT-29 cell line. Interestingly, 15o and 15r induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, these conjugates led to apoptosis in HT-29 at 2 μM and 1 μM, respectively, and also enhanced the total ROS production as well as the mitochondrial-generated ROS. Immunofluorescence and Western blot assays revealed that these conjugates reduced the expression levels of the PI3K-P85, β-catenin, TAB-182, β-actin, AXIN-2, and NF-κB markers that are involved in the β-catenin pathway of colorectal cancer. The results of the in silico docking studies of 15r and 15o further support their dual inhibitory behaviour against PI3K and tankyrase. Interestingly, the conjugates have adequate ADME-toxicity parameters based on the calculated results of the molecular dynamic simulations, as we found that these inhibitors (15r) influenced the conformational flexibility of the 4OA7 and 3L54 proteins.
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9
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Chawla G, Pradhan T, Gupta O, Manaithiya A, Jha DK. An updated review on diverse range of biological activities of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives: Insight into structure activity relationship. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Khan A, Naaz F, Basit R, Das D, Bisht P, Shaikh M, Lone BA, Pokharel YR, Ahmed QN, Parveen S, Ali I, Singh SK, Chashoo G, Shafi S. 1,2,3-Triazole Tethered Hybrid Capsaicinoids as Antiproliferative Agents Active against Lung Cancer Cells (A549). ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32078-32100. [PMID: 36119972 PMCID: PMC9476207 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of capsaicin and its structural isomer (new natural product hybrid capsaicinoid) were synthesized by exploiting one-/two-point modification of capsaicin without altering the amide linkage (neck). The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity against an NCI panel of 60 cancer cell lines at a single dose of 10 μM. Most of the compounds have demonstrated reduced growth between 55 and 95%, whereas capsaicin (10) has shown reduced growth between 0 and 24%. Compounds showing more than 50% growth inhibition were further evaluated for the IC50 value. Among the cell lines tested, lung cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H460) were found to be more susceptible toward most of the synthesized compounds. Compounds 14g and 14j demonstrated good antiproliferative activity in NCI-H460 with IC50 values of 6.65 and 5.55 μM, respectively, while compounds 18b, 18c, 18f, and 18m demonstrated potential antiproliferative activity in A549 cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 2.9 and 10.5 μM. Among the compounds, compound 18f was found to demonstrate the best activity with an IC50 value of 2.91 μM against A549. Furthermore, 18f induces cell cycle arrest at the S-phase and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing cell migration potential by inducing cellular apoptosis and higher ROS generation along with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in addition to surface and nuclear morphological alterations such as a reduction in the number and shrinkage of cells coupled with nuclear blabbing indicating the sign of apoptosis of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Compound 18f has emerged as a lead molecule and may serve as a template for further discovery of capsaicinoid scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Fatima Naaz
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Rafia Basit
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Deepak Das
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Piyush Bisht
- Faculty
of Life Sciences and Biology, South Asian
University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Majeed Shaikh
- Natural
product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Lone
- Faculty
of Life Sciences and Biology, South Asian
University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Yuba Raj Pokharel
- Faculty
of Life Sciences and Biology, South Asian
University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Qazi Naveed Ahmed
- Natural
product and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Shazia Parveen
- Faculty
of Science, Chemistry Department, Taibah
University, Yanbu Branch, Yanbu 46423, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Intzar Ali
- Department
of Microbiology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Shashank Kumar Singh
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Gousia Chashoo
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Syed Shafi
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
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11
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Synthesis of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole-1,4-benzoxazinone hybrids as tubulin polymerization inhibiting anticancer agents and their in silico studies. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Haider K, Sharma S, Pokharel YR, Das S, Joseph A, Najmi AK, Ahmad F, Yar MS. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico studies of indole-tethered pyrazoline derivatives as anticancer agents targeting topoisomerase IIα. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1555-1577. [PMID: 35898169 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a new series of indole-tethered pyrazoline derivatives as potent anticancer agents. A total of 12 compounds were designed and synthesized by conventional as well as microwave-irradiated synthesis methods. The latter method results in a significant reduction in the duration of reaction along with improved yields. All synthesized derivatives (7a-7l) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against A431, HeLa, and MDAMB-231 cell lines. Compounds 7a and 7b were found most potent in the series and demonstrated an IC50 value of 3.17 and 5.16 µM against the A431 cell line, respectively, compared to the standard drug doxorubicin. Compounds 7a and 7b significantly suppress colony formation, migration, and S phase cell cycle arrest of A431 cells. Furthermore, compound 7a regulated the expression of apoptotic proteins causing the downregulation of procaspase 3/9, antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL, and upregulation of proapoptotic protein Bax in a dose-dependent manner. Topoisomerase enzyme inhibition assay confirmed that compounds 7a and 7b can significantly inhibit topoisomerase IIα. In vivo oral acute toxicity of compounds 7a and 7b revealed that both compounds are safe compared to doxorubicin; cardiomyopathy studies showed normal architecture of cardiomyocytes and myofibrils. In addition, molecular docking studies revealed the possible interaction of compounds 7a and 7b within the active binding site of the topoisomerase enzyme. The 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation of compounds 7a and 7b proved that both compounds validate all screening parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Yuba Raj Pokharel
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Subham Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Alex Joseph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Faiz Ahmad
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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13
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Nayak S, Gaonkar SL, Hazra D, Chawla K, Hari G, Pai KSR, Guru BR, Hakimane SS. Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Evaluation of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-Isobenzofuran Hybrids as Antimicrobial and Anticancer Agents. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100956. [PMID: 35304823 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In drug discovery, the hybridization of bioactive pharmacophores is a powerful tool for targeting enzymes involved in cancer and microbial cell growth. A combination of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and isobenzofuran may improve the antitumor and antimicrobial properties of the hybrid molecules. A series of hybrid molecules having 1,3,4-oxadiazole and isobenzofuran were synthesized and structural characterization was done by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and mass spectrometry. Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate binding interactions of compounds with proteins (PDB NO: 2R3J and 1GII), and the results were consistent with in vitro anticancer data. All the synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis (Gram-positive) and E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Gram-negative) bacterial strains. Among the synthesized compounds, 7a and 7b displayed good activity against the tested bacterial strains. Also, compounds were tested for their anti-tumor activity against breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer (HCT-116) cell lines via SRB assay. In comparison to doxorubicin (1.14 μM), hybrids 7e (4.32 μM), 7f (4.15 μM), 7g (4.66 μM), and 7h (4.83 μM) demonstrated comparable IC50 value against the HCT 116 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnagowri Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Santosh L Gaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Druti Hazra
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiran Chawla
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Gangadhar Hari
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K S R Pai
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Bharath Raja Guru
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushruta S Hakimane
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
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Wahan SK, Chawla PA. Recent advances of heterocycle based anticancer hybrids. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death across the world. Cancer is a broad word that encompasses a wide range of illnesses that can affect any part of the body. Cancer research has increased understanding of molecular biology and cellular biology, resulting in new cancer therapies. Despite of adverse effects, surgery, radiation, and anticancer medicines are the modern cancer treatments. Keeping in mind the excellent anticancer activity exhibited by various heterocyclics, various medicines with heterocyclic moiety have been developed to identify particular target regions. The chapter aims to discuss new discoveries in the field of anticancer pharmaceuticals comprising the thiazole, pyrazole, oxazole, and triazole rings over the last five years. The proposed anticancer drugs have a lot of future significance due to their high potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranpreet K. Wahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab - 142001 , India
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga , Punjab - 142001 , India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , ISF College of Pharmacy , Moga - 142001 , India
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15
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Ibrahim TS, Hawwas MM, Malebari AM, Taher ES, Omar AM, Neamatallah T, Abdel-Samii ZK, Safo MK, Elshaier YAMM. Discovery of novel quinoline-based analogues of combretastatin A-4 as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors with apoptosis inducing activity and potent anticancer effect. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 36:802-818. [PMID: 33730937 PMCID: PMC7993375 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.1899168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of quinoline derivatives of combretastatin A-4 have been designed, synthesised and demonstrated as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors. These novel compounds showed significant antiproliferative activities, among them, 12c exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity against different cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HL-60, HCT-116 and HeLa) with IC50 ranging from 0.010 to 0.042 µM, and with selectivity profile against MCF-10A non-cancer cells. Further mechanistic studies suggest that 12c can inhibit tubulin polymerisation and cell migration, leading to G2/M phase arrest. Besides, 12c induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependant apoptosis pathway and caused reactive oxygen stress generation in MCF-7 cells. These results provide guidance for further rational development of potent tubulin polymerisation inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.HighlightsA novel series of quinoline derivatives of combretastatin A-4 have been designed and synthesised.Compound 12c showed significant antiproliferative activities against different cancer cell lines.Compound 12c effectively inhibited tubulin polymerisation and competed with [3H] colchicine in binding to tubulin.Compound 12c arrested the cell cycle at G2/M phase, effectively inducing apoptosis and inhibition of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek S. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Hawwas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Azizah M. Malebari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdelsattar M. Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zakaria K. Abdel-Samii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Martin K. Safo
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yaseen A. M. M. Elshaier
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
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16
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Indole derivatives (2010-2020) as versatile tubulin inhibitors: synthesis and structure-activity relationships. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:1795-1828. [PMID: 34468201 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulin inhibitors are conjugates that interfere with the dynamic equilibrium of the polymerization and depolymerization of microtubules. Among all the reported conjugates, indole moiety is one of the most significant classes for the development of new drug candidates for cancer therapy. Due to their presence in a wide range of natural as well as synthetic antitubulin agents, indole has become a versatile scaffold in research, and various synthetic and semisynthetic indole-based antitubulin agents have been identified and reported. The present article focuses on the reported indole-based tubulin inhibitors of synthetic origin from last the decade. Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and biological activities of synthetic indole derivatives along with brief updates on their antitubulin activity are presented.
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17
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1,3,4-Oxadiazole-containing hybrids as potential anticancer agents: Recent developments, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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18
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Ahsan MJ. 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Containing Compounds As Therapeutic Targets For Cancer Therapy. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:164-197. [PMID: 33634756 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210226145837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is the first or second leading cause of premature death in 134 of 183 countries in the world. 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles are five memebered heterocyclic rings containing two nitrogen (two atoms) and oxygen (one atom). They show better thermal stability, metabolic stability, aqueous solubility and lower lipophilicity than the other isomeric oxadiazoles. They are important class of heterocycles present in many drug structures like Raltegravir, Furamizole Tidazosin, Nesapidil, Setileuton (MK-0633) and Zibotentan. Presence of this nucleus in the therapeutics has made them an indispensable anchor for drug design and development. Several 1,3,4-oxadiazoles are prepared and reported as anticancer agents by numerous scientists worldwide. OBJECTIVES The present review discusses the anticancer potentials together with the molecular targets of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles reported since 2010. The structure activity relationship (SAR) and molecular docking simulation on different targets have also been discussed herein. Some of the important cancer targets have also been explored. METHODS The most potent 1,3,4-oxadiazoles reported in literature was highlighted in the manuscript. The anticancer activity was reported in terms of growth percent (GP), percent growth inhibition (%GI), GI50, IC50, and LC50 and TGI. RESULTS 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles are an important heterocyclic scaffolds with broad spectrum biological activities. They may be either mono substituted or disubstituted and act as an indispensable anchor for drug design and discovery due to their thermal stability together with low lipophilicity. They exhibited anticancer potentials and showed the inhibitions of various cancer targets. CONCLUSION The discussion outlined herein will proved to be a helpful and vital tool for medicinal chemists investigating and working with 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and anticancer research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jawed Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302 039. India
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Kapoor G, Bhutani R, Pathak DP, Chauhan G, Kant R, Grover P, Nagarajan K, Siddiqui SA. Current Advancement in the Oxadiazole-Based Scaffolds as Anticancer Agents. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1886123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Kapoor
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of InstitutionsGhaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rubina Bhutani
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Dharam Pal Pathak
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Garima Chauhan
- Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (DIPSAR), New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Kant
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Parul Grover
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of InstitutionsGhaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kandasamy Nagarajan
- KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of InstitutionsGhaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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20
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The importance of indole and azaindole scaffold in the development of antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112506. [PMID: 32688198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With some indoles and azaindoles being successfully developed as anticancer drugs, the design and synthesis of indole and azaindole derivatives with remarkable antitumor activity has received increasing attention and significant progress has been made. This paper reviews the recent progress in the study of tumorigenesis, mechanism of actions and structure activity relationships about anticancer indole and azindole derivatives. Combining structure activity relationships and molecular targets-related knowledge, this review will help researchers design more effective, safe and cost-effective anticancer indoles and azindoles agents.
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