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Babijczuk K, Berdzik N, Nowak D, Warżajtis B, Rychlewska U, Starzyk J, Mrówczyńska L, Jasiewicz B. Novel C3-Methylene-Bridged Indole Derivatives with and without Substituents at N1: The Influence of Substituents on Their Hemolytic, Cytoprotective, and Antimicrobial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5364. [PMID: 38791402 PMCID: PMC11121452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are natural compounds useful as scaffolds for discovering new bioactive molecules. This study utilized alkaloid gramine to synthesize two groups of C3-substituted indole derivatives, which were either functionalized at N1 or not. The compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. The protective effects of the new compounds against in vitro oxidative hemolysis induced by standard oxidant 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane dihydro chloride (AAPH) on human erythrocytes as a cell model were investigated. Additionally, the compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity. The results indicated that most of the indole derivatives devoid of the N1 substitution exhibited strong cytoprotective properties. The docking studies supported the affinities of selected indole-based ligands as potential antioxidants. Furthermore, the derivatives obtained exhibited potent fungicidal properties. The structures of the eight derivatives possessing indole moiety bridged to the imidazole-, benzimidazole-, thiazole-, benzothiazole-, and 5-methylbenzothiazoline-2-thiones were determined by X-ray diffraction. The C=S bond lengths in the thioamide fragment pointed to the involvement of zwitterionic structures of varying contribution. The predominance of zwitterionic mesomers may explain the lack of cytoprotective properties, while steric effects, which limit multiple the hydrogen-bond acceptor properties of a thione sulfur, seem to be responsible for the high hemolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Babijczuk
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Natalia Berdzik
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Damian Nowak
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Beata Warżajtis
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (B.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Urszula Rychlewska
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (B.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Justyna Starzyk
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Bioengineering, University of Life Science, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Beata Jasiewicz
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (K.B.); (N.B.)
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Yakkala PA, Rahaman S, Soukya PSL, Begum SA, Kamal A. An update on the development on tubulin inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumors. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024; 28:193-220. [PMID: 38618889 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2341630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Microtubules play a vital role in cancer therapeutics. They are implicated in tumorigenesis, thus inhibiting tubulin polymerization in cancer cells, and have now become a significant target for anticancer drug development. A plethora of drug molecules has been crafted to influence microtubule dynamics and presently, numerous tubulin inhibitors are being investigated. This review discusses the recently developed inhibitors including natural products, and also examines the preclinical and clinical data of some potential molecules. AREA COVERED The current review article summarizes the development of tubulin inhibitors while detailing their specific binding sites. It also discusses the newly designed inhibitors that may be useful in the treatment of solid tumors. EXPERT OPINION Microtubules play a crucial role in cellular processes, especially in cancer therapy where inhibiting tubulin polymerization holds promise. Ongoing trials signify a commitment to revolutionizing cancer treatment and exploring targeted therapies. Challenges in microtubule modulation, like resistance and off-target effects, demand focused efforts, emphasizing combination therapies and personalized treatments. Beyond microtubules, promising avenues in cancer research include immunotherapy, genomic medicine, CRISPR gene editing, liquid biopsies, AI diagnostics, and stem cell therapy, showcasing a holistic approach for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Anjaneyulu Yakkala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaik Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - P S Lakshmi Soukya
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sajeli Ahil Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Environment, Forests, Science & Technology, Telangana State Council of Science & Technology, Hyderabad, India
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Li X, Chen Y, Li S, Zhang W, Yan H, Liu H, Zhang W. 3-Carboxy-indole derivatives from the deep-sea-derived fungus Phomopsis tersa FS441. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105772. [PMID: 38064922 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Three new compounds phomtersines A-C (1-3) together with nine known compounds were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Phomopsis tersa FS441. Their structures were sufficiently established by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques and modified Snatzke's method. Moreover, compounds 1-12 were evaluated for cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. As a result, phomtersine B (2) and the known compound 10 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against the four tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 20.21 to 36.53 μM, and phomtersine A (1) exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against LPS-induced NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuchan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Saini Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Weiyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Hanjing Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Weimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
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Berdzik N, Koenig H, Mrówczyńska L, Nowak D, Jasiewicz B, Pospieszny T. Synthesis and Hemolytic Activity of Bile Acid-Indole Bioconjugates Linked by Triazole. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16719-16734. [PMID: 38059841 PMCID: PMC10729025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
New formyl and acetyl derivatives of bile acid propargyl esters and their bioconjugates with modified gramine molecules have been obtained using the click chemistry method to study their hemolytic potency. The structures of all compounds were confirmed by spectral (1H- and 13C NMR and FT-IR) analysis and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) as well as PM5 semiempirical methods. According to the results, the structural modification of formyl and acetyl bile acid derivatives, leading to the formation of new propargyl esters and indole bioconjugates, reduces their hemolytic activity. According to molecular docking studies, the tested ligands are highly likely to exhibit a similar affinity, as native ligands, for the active sites of specific protein domains (PDB IDs: 2Q85 and 5V5Z). The obtained results may be helpful for the development of selective bile acid bioconjugates as effective antibacterial, antifungal, or antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Berdzik
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Hanna Koenig
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Damian Nowak
- Department of Quantum Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Beata Jasiewicz
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pospieszny
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Barbarossa A, Ceramella J, Carocci A, Iacopetta D, Rosato A, Limongelli F, Carrieri A, Bonofiglio D, Sinicropi MS. Benzothiazole-Phthalimide Hybrids as Anti-Breast Cancer and Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1651. [PMID: 38136685 PMCID: PMC10740580 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The benzothiazole nucleus is a major heterocyclic scaffold whose therapeutic potential has been thoroughly explored due to its structural simplicity and ease of synthesis. In fact, several benzothiazole derivatives have been synthesized over time, demonstrating numerous pharmacological properties such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Herein, we propose a new series of benzothiazole-phthalimide hybrids obtained by linking the phthalimide moiety to differently substituted benzothiazole nuclei through the N atom. These compounds have been screened for their anticancer properties against two human breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we delved into the mechanism of action of the most active hybrid, compound 3h, by assessing its capability to damage the nuclear DNA, trigger the apoptotic process in the high metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells, and prevent cellular migration. Moreover, in view of the documented antimicrobial activities of the two scaffolds involved, we explored the antibacterial and antifungal effects of the studied compounds by means of the broth microdilution method. Among the studied compounds, 3h showed the highest antimicrobial activity, both against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains belonging to the ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) and against fungal strains of the Candida species with MICs values ranging from 16 to 32 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (A.R.); (F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.B.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (A.R.); (F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.B.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (A.R.); (F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Limongelli
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (A.R.); (F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.B.); (A.R.); (F.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.B.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (J.C.); (D.B.); (M.S.S.)
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Synthesis of Novel Indole Schiff Base Compounds and Their Antifungal Activities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206858. [PMID: 36296452 PMCID: PMC9609699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel indole Schiff base derivatives (2a–2t) containing a 1,3,4-thiadiazole scaffold modified with a thioether group were synthesized, and their structures were confirmed using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-MS. In addition, the antifungal activity of synthesized indole derivatives was investigated against Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum), Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum), Fusariummoniliforme (F.moniliforme), Curvularia lunata (C. lunata), and Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotiana (P. p. var. nicotianae) using the mycelium growth rate method. Among the synthesized indole derivatives, compound 2j showed the highest inhibition rates of 100%, 95.7%, 89%, and 76.5% at a concentration of 500 μg/mL against F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F.moniliforme, and P. p. var. nicotianae, respectively. Similarly, compounds 2j and 2q exhibited higher inhibition rates of 81.9% and 83.7% at a concentration of 500 μg/mL against C. lunata. In addition, compound 2j has been recognized as a potential compound for further investigation in the field of fungicides.
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Mehra A, Sharma V, Verma A, Venugopal S, Mittal A, Singh G, Kaur B. Indole Derived Anticancer Agents. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Anil Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Sneha Venugopal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
| | - Balwinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional University Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road (NH-1) Phagwara Punjab 144411 India
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Konus M, Çetin D, Kızılkan ND, Yılmaz C, Fidan C, Algso M, Kavak E, Kivrak A, Kurt-Kızıldoğan A, Otur Ç, Mutlu D, Abdelsalam AH, Arslan S. Synthesis and biological activity of new indole based derivatives as potent anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Carocci A, Barbarossa A, Leuci R, Carrieri A, Brunetti L, Laghezza A, Catto M, Limongelli F, Chaves S, Tortorella P, Altomare CD, Santos MA, Loiodice F, Piemontese L. Novel Phenothiazine/Donepezil-like Hybrids Endowed with Antioxidant Activity for a Multi-Target Approach to the Therapy of Alzheimer’s Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091631. [PMID: 36139705 PMCID: PMC9495854 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex multi-factorial neurodegenerative disorder for which only few drugs (including donepezil, DPZ) are available as symptomatic treatments; thus, researchers are focusing on the development of innovative multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs), which could also alter the course of the disease. Among other pathological factors, oxidative stress has emerged as an important factor in AD that could affect several pathways involved in the onset and progression of the pathology. Herein, we propose a new series of hybrid molecules obtained by linking a phenothiazine moiety, known for its antioxidant properties, with N-benzylpiperidine or N-benzylpiperazine fragments, mimicking the core substructure of DPZ. The investigation of the resulting hybrids showed, in addition to their antioxidant properties, their activity against some AD-related targets, such as the inhibition of cholinesterases (both AChE and BChE) and in vitro Aβ1-40 aggregation, as well as the inhibition of the innovative target fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Furthermore, the drug-likeness properties of these compounds were assessed using cheminformatic tools. Compounds 11d and 12d showed the most interesting multi-target profiles, with all the assayed activities in the low micromolar range. In silico docking calculations supported the obtained results. Compound 13, on the other hand, while inactive in the DPPH assay, showed the best results in the in vitro antioxidant cell assays conducted on both HepG2 and SHSY-5Y cell lines. These results, paired with the low or absent cytotoxicity of these compounds at tested concentrations, allow us to aim our future research at the study of novel and effective drugs and pro-drugs with similar structural characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Carocci
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosalba Leuci
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Carrieri
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Laghezza
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Limongelli
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Sílvia Chaves
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paolo Tortorella
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Cosimo Damiano Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Amélia Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (L.P.)
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Ceramella J, La Torre C, De Luca M, Iacopetta D, Fazio A, Catalano A, Ragno G, Longo P, Sinicropi MS, Rosano C. Exploring the anticancer and antioxidant properties of Vicia faba L. pods extracts, a promising source of nutraceuticals. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13683. [PMID: 35996664 PMCID: PMC9392456 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulse crops are considered the major sources of proteins, dietary fiber, micronutrients, and bioactive phytochemicals. Among the numerous pulse crops, broad beans (Vicia faba L.) have received particular attention due to their nutraceutical, functional and economic importance. Our attention was mainly focused on the broad bean pods (VFs), which are the primary by-product of the domestic and industrial processing of broad beans and an attractive source of valuable ingredients. Methods In order to investigate the VFs properties, the flours from broad beans of three different harvest periods were extracted with acetone, methanol and 70% aqueous ethanol and the dried extracts were analyzed, qualitatively and quantitatively, and tested for their antioxidant through DPPH and ABTS assay and anticancer activities using the MTT assay and immunofluorescence analysis. Results The VF extracts demonstrated a good in vitro radical scavenging activity from the first stage of collection of all the V. faba L. extracts. Additionally, the extracts were tested for their cytotoxicity against a panel of cancer and normal cells and the outcomes indicated the ethanol extract as the most active against the melanoma cell line Sk-Mel-28, without affecting the viability of the normal cells. Finally, we found out that the ethanol extract interfered with the microtubules organization, leading to the cancer cells death by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Chiara La Torre
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessia Fazio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Ragno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Camillo Rosano
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
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Iacopetta D, Fazio A, La Torre C, Barbarossa A, Ceramella J, Francomano F, Saturnino C, El-Kashef H, Alcaro S, Sinicropi MS. Annona cherimola Mill. Leaf Extracts Affect Melanoma Cells Growth and Progression. Foods 2022; 11:foods11162420. [PMID: 36010420 PMCID: PMC9407337 DOI: 10.3390/foods11162420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the major causes of mortality worldwide; indeed, 19.3 million new cases and almost 10.0 million deaths were estimated last year. Among the different type of cancers, malignant melanoma represents the most aggressive and deadly skin cancer. Unfortunately, the long-term efficacy of melanoma treatments is limited by the lack of clinical efficacy, onset of side effects and resistance. The latter is a major obstacle for the success of the melanoma therapy; thus, the exploration of new potent and safer anticancer agents is of great importance. Recently, numerous plant species, used for therapeutic purposes and containing various non-toxic nutraceuticals have been widely studied. Herein, we investigated the antioxidant and anticancer properties on melanoma cells of the ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous Annona cherimola leaf extracts (ACE, ACM and ACW, respectively). The ethanolic extract showed higher anticancer activity, mostly against the malignant A2058 melanoma cell line (IC50 = 5.6 ± 0.8 ng/mL), together with a very low activity on the normal cells. It blocks the melanoma cells migration process, and induces a clear disorganization of cytoskeleton, triggering cell apoptosis. Finally, some bioactive compounds were identified in the studied extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Iacopetta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, di Rende, Italy
| | - Alessia Fazio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, di Rende, Italy
| | - Chiara La Torre
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, di Rende, Italy
| | - Alexia Barbarossa
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Jessica Ceramella
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, di Rende, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0984493200
| | - Fabrizio Francomano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, di Rende, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Hussein El-Kashef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 17516, Egypt
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science SRL, Academic Spinoff, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Associazione CRISEA-Centro di Ricerca e Servizi Avanzati per l’Innovazione Rurale, Belcastro, 88055 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata, di Rende, Italy
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Kunj M. Trivedi, Patel UP, Dabhi RC, Maru JJ. Synthesis, Computational Insights, and Anticancer Activity of Novel Indole–Schiff Base Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Konus M, Algso M, Yilmaz C, Khorsheed BA, Köroğlu A, Çetin D, Ergin D, Kivrak A. Synthesis of Ethynyl‐Thiophene Derivatives, Antioxidant Properties and ADME Analysis. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Metin Konus
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Van 65000 Turkey
- Hitit University Faculy of Science and Arts Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Corum 19030 Turkey
| | - Muheb Algso
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Chemistry Van 65000 Turkey
| | - Can Yilmaz
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Van 65000 Turkey
| | - Bahzad Ahmed Khorsheed
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Van 65000 Turkey
| | - Aslı Köroğlu
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Chemistry Van 65000 Turkey
| | - Doğan Çetin
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Van 65000 Turkey
| | - Derya Ergin
- Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Sciences Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Van 65000 Turkey
| | - Arif Kivrak
- Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Sciences and Arts Department of Chemistry Eskişehir 26040 Turkey
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14
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Hong Y, Zhu YY, He Q, Gu SX. Indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors for the development of promising anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 55:116597. [PMID: 34995858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The α- and β-tubulins are the major polypeptide components of microtubules (MTs), which are attractive targets for anticancer drug development. Indole derivatives display a variety of biological activities including antitumor activity. In recent years, a great number of indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors have sprung up, which encourages medicinal chemists to pursue promising inhibitors with improved antitumor activities, excellent physicochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. In this review, the recent progress from 2010 to present in the development of indole derivatives as tubulin polymerization inhibitors was summarized and reviewed, which would provide useful clues and inspirations for further design of outstanding tubulin polymerization inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Qiuqin He
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Shuang-Xi Gu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China.
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15
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Bhakhar KA, Sureja DK, Dhameliya TM. Synthetic account of indoles in search of potential anti-mycobacterial agents: A review and future insights. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Ma XL, Wang YH, Shen JH, Hu Y. Progress in the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Catalyzed by Lipases. PHARMACEUTICAL FRONTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds are representative of a larger class of organic compounds, and worthy of attention for many reasons, chief of which is the participation of heterocyclic scaffolds in the skeleton structure of many drugs. Lipases are enzymes with catalytic versatility, and play a key role in catalyzing the reaction of carbon–carbon bond formation, allowing the production of different compounds. This article reviewed the lipase-catalyzed aldol reaction, Knoevenagel reaction, Michael reaction, Mannich reaction, etc., in the synthesis of several classes of heterocyclic compounds with important physiological and pharmacological activities, and also prospected the research focus in lipase-catalyzed chemistry transformations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Determination of Commercial Animal and Vegetable Milks' Lipid Profile and Its Correlation with Cell Viability and Antioxidant Activity on Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185645. [PMID: 34577116 PMCID: PMC8465430 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids from milk are important nutritional components, although their health effects, especially for animal milks, are still questioned. Four types of commercial milks, two semi-skimmed animal milks (bovine and goat) and two vegetable ones (soy and rice), along with their total and free lipid fractions recovered by sequential centrifugation or by ethyl acetate extraction, respectively, have been analyzed. A higher antioxidant ability, reported as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, was found for all raw milks compared to that of rice. This trend was confirmed, except for soy milk, as ROS reduction in Caco-2 cells. The free lipid fraction was shown to have the highest antioxidant potential in both chemical and biological tests. Moreover, goat and soy raw milks positively regulated Caco-2 cell viability after an inflammatory stimulus. This effect was lost when their total lipid fraction was tested. Finally, only the free lipid fraction from rice milk preserved the Caco-2 viability after LPS stimulation. Our data demonstrated that the lipid profile of each milk, characterized by GC-MS analysis, could contribute to dictate its biological effects, and, although additional in vitro and in vivo studies are needed, they could support the literature re-evaluating the health effects of animal-based versus plant-based milks in the intestinal cellular model.
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Schiff Bases: Interesting Scaffolds with Promising Antitumoral Properties. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff, are highly reactive organic compounds broadly used as pigments and dyes, catalysts, intermediates in organic synthesis, and polymer stabilizers. Lots of Schiff bases are described in the literature for various biological activities, including antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral. Schiff bases are also known for their ability to form complexes with several metals. Very often, complexes of Schiff bases with metals and Schiff bases alone have demonstrated interesting antitumor activity. Given the innumerable vastness of data regarding antitumor activity of all these compounds, we focused our attention on mono- and bis-Schiff bases alone as antitumor agents. We will highlight the most significant examples of compounds belonging to this class reported in the literature.
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Abstract
The diarylurea is a scaffold of great importance in medicinal chemistry as it is present in numerous heterocyclic compounds with antithrombotic, antimalarial, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Some diarylureas, serine-threonine kinase or tyrosine kinase inhibitors, were recently reported in literature. The first to come into the market as an anticancer agent was sorafenib, followed by some others. In this review, we survey progress over the past 10 years in the development of new diarylureas as anticancer agents.
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