1
|
Duan SF, Song L, Guo HY, Deng H, Huang X, Shen QK, Quan ZS, Yin XM. Research status of indole-modified natural products. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2535-2563. [PMID: 38107170 PMCID: PMC10718587 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Indole is a heterocyclic compound formed by the fusion of a benzene ring and pyrrole ring, which has rich biological activity. Many indole-containing compounds have been sold on the market due to their excellent pharmacological activity. For example, vincristine and reserpine have been widely used in clinical practice. The diverse structures and biological activities of natural products provide abundant resources for the development of new drugs. Therefore, this review classifies natural products by structure, and summarizes the research progress of indole-containing natural product derivatives, their biological activities, structure-activity relationship and research mechanism which has been studied in the past 13 years, so as to provide a basis for the development of new drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Fang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Lei Song
- Yanbian University Hospital, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Hao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| | - Xiu-Mei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University Yanji 133002 China +86 0433 243 6020 +86 0433 243 6019
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin X, Liu S, Chen S, Wang L, Cui Y, He J, Fang S, Li J, Chang Y. A systematic review on botany, ethnopharmacology, quality control, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity of Arctium lappa L. fruit. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116223. [PMID: 36781057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Arctium lappa L., is a biennial plant that grows around the Eurasia. Many parts of Arctium lappa L. (roots, leaves and fruits, etc.) are medically used in different countries. Arctium lappa L. fruit, also called Arctii Fructus, is traditionally applied to dispel wind-heat, ventilate lung to promote eruption, remove toxicity substance and relieve sore throat. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to integrate the botany, ethnopharmacology, quality control, phytochemistry, pharmacology, derivatives and toxicity information of Arctii Fructus, so as to facilitate future research and explore the potential of Arctii Fructus as an agent for treating diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Related knowledge about Arctii Fructus were acquired from Science Direct, GeenMedical, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, Doctoral and Master's thesis, ancient books, etc. RESULTS: Arctii Fructus as an herb used for medicine and food was pervasively distributed and applicated around the world. It was traditionally used to treat anemopyretic cold, dyspnea and cough, sore throat, etc. To date, more than 200 compounds have been isolated and identified from Arctii Fructus. It contained lignans, phenolic acids and fatty acids, terpenoids, volatile oils and others. Lignans, especially arctigenin and arctiin, had the extensive pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory activities. The ester derivatives of arctigenin had the anti-cancer, anti-Alzheimer's disease and immunity enhancing effects. Although Arctii Fructus extract had no toxicity, arctigenin was toxic at a certain dose. The alleviating effects of Arctii Fructus on chronic inflammation and ageing have been demonstrated by clinical studies. CONCLUSION Arctii Fructus is regarded as a worthy herb with many chemical components and various pharmacological effects. Several traditional applications have been supported by modern pharmacological research. However, their action mechanisms need to be further studied. Although many chemical components were isolated from Arctii Fructus, the current research mainly focused on lignans, especially arctiin and arctigenin. Therefore, it is very important to deeply clarify the pharmacological activities and action mechanism of the compounds and make full medicinal use of the resources of Arctii Fructus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Suyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Lirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu D, Jin L, Huang X, Deng H, Shen QK, Quan ZS, Zhang C, Guo HY. Arctigenin: pharmacology, total synthesis, and progress in structure modification. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2452-2477. [PMID: 36093586 PMCID: PMC9481144 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. is a prevalent medicinal herb and a health supplement that is commonly used in Asia. Over the last few decades, the bioactive component arctigenin has attracted the attention of researchers because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, multiple sclerosis fighting, antitumor, and anti-leukemia properties. After summarising the research and literature on arctigenin, this study outlines the current status of research on pharmacological activity, total synthesis, and structural modification of arctigenin. The purpose of this study is to assist academics in obtaining a more comprehensive understanding of the research progress on arctigenin and to provide constructive suggestions for further investigation of this useful molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Lili Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Qing-kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe-shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Changhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Influence of Pholiota adiposa on gut microbiota and promote tumor cell apoptosis properties in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8589. [PMID: 35597811 PMCID: PMC9124200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of cancer-prevalent worldwide-and one of the causes of cancer-related deaths. In this study, ethanol extracts from Pholiota adiposa (EPA) were used to identify possible targets for HCC treatment and their effects on intestinal microflora were analyzed. Methods: Male mice were randomly assigned to groups-the model group, cyclophosphamide (25 mg/kg/d), and EPA groups, in which the mice were categorized based on the different concentrations of each compound (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg/day). Relevant biochemical indicators were detected using ELISA, H&E staining, and TUNEL assay. Four tumor apoptosis-related proteins and genes, Cleaved Caspases, BAX, Bcl-2, and VEGF, were detected by immunohistochemical staining, western blotting, and RT-PCR. The total genomic DNA was obtained from the contents of the small intestine and colon and was sequenced. The V3 + V4 regions of bacterial 16 s rDNA (from 341 to 806) were amplified. Results: The tests revealed that EPA exhibited antitumor activity in vivo by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. Moreover, EPA treatment could increase beneficial and decrease harmful microflorae. These results demonstrate that EPA may be a potential therapy for HCC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Xie S, Mo C, Cao W, Xie S, Li S, Zhang Z, Li X. Bacteria-propelled microtubular motors for efficient penetration and targeting delivery of thrombolytic agents. Acta Biomater 2022; 142:49-59. [PMID: 35158079 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Effective thrombolysis is critical to rapidly rebuild blood flow for thrombosis patients. Drug delivery systems have been developed to address inadequate pharmacokinetics of thrombolytic agents, but challenges still remain in the timely removal of blood clots regarding the dense fibrin networks. Herein, rod-shaped tubular micromotors were developed to achieve efficient penetration and thorough destruction of thrombi. By using electrospun fiber fragments as the template, urokinase (uPA)-loaded polydopamine (PDA) microtubes with surface decorated fucoidan (FuPDAuPA) were prepared at the aspect ratio of around 2. One E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) was assembled into one microtube to construct a FuPDAuPA@EcN hybrid micromotor through PDA adhesion and L-aspartate induction. The pharmacokinetic analysis indicates that the encapsulation of uPA into micromotors extends the half-life from 0.4 to 5.6 h and increases the bioavailability over 10 times. EcN-propelled motion elevates adsorption capacities of FuPDAuPA@EcN for more than four times compared with that of FuPDAuPA. The fucoidan-mediated targeting causes 2-fold higher thrombolysis capacity in vitro and over 10-fold higher uPA accumulation in thrombi in vivo. In the treatment of venous thrombi at mouse hindlimbs, intravenous administration of FuPDAuPA@EcN completely removed blood clots with almost full recovery of blood flows and apparently alleviated tail bleeding. It should be noted that FuPDAuPA@EcN treatment at a reduced uPA dose caused no significant difference in the blood flow rate compared with those of FuPDAuPA. The synergistic action of fucoidan-induced targeting and EcN-driven motion provides a prerequisite for promoting thrombolytic efficacy and reducing uPA dose and bleeding side effect. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The standard treatment to thrombosis patient is intravenous infusion of thrombolytic agents, but the associated bleeding complications and impairment of normal haemostasis greatly offset the therapeutic benefits. Drug delivery systems have been developed to address the limitations of inadequate pharmacokinetics of thrombolytic agents, but challenges still exist in less efficient penetration into dense networks for thorough destruction of thrombi. Up to now only few attempts have been made to construct nano-/micromotors for combating thrombosis and there is no single case that antithrombosis is assisted by bacteria or cells-propelled motors. Herein, bacteria-propelled microtubes were developed to carry urokinase for efficient penetration into blood clots and effective thrombolysis. The synergistic action of bacteria-driven motion and specific ligand-induced targeting holds a promising treatment strategy for life-threatening cardiovascular diseases such as thrombosis and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
|
6
|
Xie S, Zhang P, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Chen M, Li S, Li X. Bacterial navigation for tumor targeting and photothermally-triggered bacterial ghost transformation for spatiotemporal drug release. Acta Biomater 2021; 131:172-184. [PMID: 34171461 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy is confronted with challenges regarding the effective delivery of chemotherapeutics into tumor cells after systemic administration. Herein, we propose a strategy to load drugs into probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) for self-guided navigation to tumor tissues and subsequently release the drugs with in situ transformation into bacterial ghosts (BGs). Chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (FU) and macrophage phenotype regulator zoledronic acid (ZOL) are loaded into EcN through electroporation, followed by decoration of Au nanorods on the ECN surface to construct EcNZ/F@Au. High loading levels of 5FU (8.8%) and ZOL (10.5%) are achieved as well as high retention rates of bacterial viability (87%) and motion velocity (88%). Under near infrared (NIR) illumination the photothermal effect of Au nanorods elevates the local temperature to induce the transformation of live EcN into BGs. The created transmembrane channels initiate the gradual drug release from BGs, thus representing the first attempt to control the drug release via a biological evolution. An intermittent NIR illumination causes stepwise increases in the BG formation and drug release, which could implement an external on-off control and spatiotemporal drug release. Self-guided motion of EcN promotes efficient extravasation across blood vessels and preferential accumulation of drugs in tumors. In addition to the chemotherapeutic effect of FU, the local release of ZOL from EcNZ/F@Au enhances valid polarization of tumor-associated macrophages toward the M1 phenotype and an effective production of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to a synergistic efficacy on tumor growth inhibition. Thus, this study demonstrates a feasible strategy to integrate chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and photothermal effects in a concise manner for effective cancer treatment with few side effects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bacteria are capable to trace and colonize in hypoxic tumor tissues. Bacterial drug carriers indicate limitations in efficient drug loading and effective release modulation. Herein, we propose a strategy to load drugs into bacteria for self-guided delivery and subsequently release the drugs in tumors with in situ transformation into bacterial ghost (BGs). Drugs are loaded into live bacteria through electroporation and Au nanorods are decorated on the bacterial surface, wherein the photothermal effect, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are integrated in a concise manner. NIR illmumination of Au nanorods elevates the local temparature, induces the BG tranformation, and activates the spatiotemporal drug release, representing the first attempt of release modulation via a biological evolution.
Collapse
|
7
|
Shabgah AG, Suksatan W, Achmad MH, Bokov DO, Abdelbasset WK, Ezzatifar F, Hemmati S, Mohammadi H, Soleimani D, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Ahmadi M, Navashenaq JG. Arctigenin, an anti-tumor agent; a cutting-edge topic and up-to-the-minute approach in cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 909:174419. [PMID: 34391770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Today, herbal-derived compounds are being increasingly studied in cancer treatment. Over the past decade, Arctigenin has been introduced as a bioactive dibenzylbutyrolactone lignan which is found in Chinese herbal medicines. In addition to anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory functions, Arctigenin has attracted growing attention due to its anti-tumor capabilities. It has been shown that Arctigenin can induce apoptosis and necrosis and abolish drug resistance in tumor cells by inducing apoptotic signaling pathways, caspases, cell cycle arrest, and the modulating proteasome. Moreover, Arctigenin mediates other anti-tumor functions through several mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that Arctigenin can act as an anti-inflammatory compound to inhibit inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. It also downregulates factors involved in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, such as matrix metalloproteinases, N-cadherin, TGF-β, and VEGF. Additionally, Arctigenin, through modulation of MAPK signaling pathways and stress-related proteins, is able to abolish tumor cell growth in nutrient-deprived conditions. Due to the limited solubility of Arctigenin in water, it is suggested that modification of this compound through amino acid esterification can improve its pharmacogenetic properties. Collectively, it is hoped that using Arctigenin or its derivates might introduce new chemotherapeutic approaches in future treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wanich Suksatan
- Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Harun Achmad
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
| | - Dmitry O Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fatemeh Ezzatifar
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Sasan Hemmati
- Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Davood Soleimani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang X, Bao H, Bau T. Investigation of the possible mechanism of polysaccharides extracted from Leucocalocybe mongolica in exerting antitumor effects in H22 tumor-bearing mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13514. [PMID: 33569819 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A response surface method was used to optimize the extraction of polysaccharides from Leucocalocybe mongolica. Moreover, the preliminary structural characteristics and antitumor activity of L. mongolica polysaccharide (LMP) were investigated. The results showed that the optimized extraction technological parameters for LMP were 93°C extraction temperature, 5 hr extraction time, and 30 ml/g liquid-to-solid ratio. The LMP content extracted under the optimal conditions was 6.64%. LC-MS/MS results indicated that LMP is a neutral polysaccharide composed of d-fructose, d-mannose, dextrose anhydrate, d-xylose, trehalose, and galactose. The tumor inhibition rate was significantly improved by LMP treatment. LMP had minimal toxicity based on the significant decrease in AST and BUN levels; VEGF protein levels were also significantly decreased. In contrast, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α were improved. The results of ELISA, H&E staining, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting indicated that the LMP exhibited antitumor activity in vivo by promoting apoptosis, mediating inflammatory responses, and inhibiting angiogenesis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: As one of the main bioactive components, fungal polysaccharide has always been a hot research topic. Fungal polysaccharides are carbohydrate polymers composed of monosaccharide units bound together by glycosidic linkages, which have been found to be involved in many biological processes. In this research, the LMP structure was analyzed, and the immunohistochemical and western blot analysis confirmed that, LMP could effectively reduce the generation of tumor angiogenesis, promote apoptosis of tumor cell sand inhibit tumor growth. The results of this study can effectively provide a basis for clinical research and development of antitumor drugs, and lay a foundation for the study of the antitumor effects of wild edible and medicinal fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,Medical Academy, Changchun Science-Technology University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Bao H, Bau T. Investigation of the possible mechanism of two kinds of sterols extracted from Leucocalocybe mongolica in inducing HepG2 cell apoptosis and exerting anti-tumor effects in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Steroids 2020; 163:108692. [PMID: 32645329 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sterols are one of the main components of medicinal fungi with an anti-tumor effect. In this study, ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one (ET) and (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (ED) were obtained from Leucocalocybe mongolica and were used for the first time to study their ability to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells and their anti-tumor effects and related mechanism in H22 tumor-bearing mice. METHOD The chemical structures were defined by IR and NMR. In vitro, the CCK8 assay was used as a cytotoxicity assay. Flow cytometry was used for the HepG-2 cell apoptosis analysis, which was examined via annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, and the related expression levels of the apoptosis-associated proteins were determined by western blot analysis. In vivo, ICR male mice were randomly assigned to eight groups: the model group, CTX (25 mg/kg/d) group, and ET and ED groups, which were treated with three different concentrations of each compound (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mmol/kg/d). Relevant biochemical indicators were detected by ELISA assay, H & E staining, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical staining and western blot. RESULTS In vitro, ET and ED showed significant cytotoxic effects against HepG2, MCF-7, and HeLa cells, especially HepG-2 cells, and both ED and ET demonstrated a good effect in inhibiting the proliferation of HepG-2 cells. In vivo, ET and ED significantly decreased the tumor volume and VEGF levels but increased the serum cytokine levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α. H & E staining, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical analysis, and western blotting indicated that the both ET and ED exhibited anti-tumor activity in vivo by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. CONCLUSION These results indicated that both ET and ED have a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG-2 cells in vitro and an anti-H22 tumor effect in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Changchun Science-Technology University, Changchun 130600, China
| | - Haiying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Discovery of stereospecific cytotoxicity of (8R,8'R)-trans-arctigenin against insect cells and structure-activity relationship on aromatic ring. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127191. [PMID: 32359854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the arctigenin stereoisomers, (8R,8'R)-trans-form 1, showed stereospecific cytotoxicity against insect cells, Sf9 and NIAS-AeAl-2 cells. By the comparison with other stereoisomers, the most importance of the 8'R stereochemistry for the higher activities was clarified. On the other hand, the wider range of activity level among stereoisomers against cancer cells, HL-60, was not observed. The structure-activity relationship research using derivatives bearing (8R,8'R)-trans-form was performed to show the same level of activities of 3-iodo, 4-iodo, and 3,4-methylenedioxy derivatives 28, 29, and 36 as (8R,8'R)-trans-arctigenin 1. In the examination of thiono derivatives, 4-iodo thiono and 3,4-methylenedioxy thiono derivatives 66, 67 showed similar level of activities to that of (8R,8'R)-trans-arctigenin 1. The expression of ribosomal 28S rRNA gene of Sf9 cells was increased by (8R,8'R)-trans-arctigenin 1, whereas a degradation of DNA was not observed.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen M, He J, Xie S, Wang T, Ran P, Zhang Z, Li X. Intracellular bacteria destruction via traceable enzymes-responsive release and deferoxamine-mediated ingestion of antibiotics. J Control Release 2020; 322:326-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
12
|
Guo S, Chen Y, Shi S, Wang X, Zhang H, Zhan Y, An H. Arctigenin, a novel TMEM16A inhibitor for lung adenocarcinoma therapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104721. [PMID: 32097750 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
TMEM16A plays critical roles in physiological process and may serve as drug targets for diverse diseases. Recently, TMEM16A has started to be regarded as potential primary lung adenocarcinoma targets. Here, we identified that arctigenin, a natural compound, is a novel TMEM16A inhibitor, and it can suppress lung adenocarcinoma growth through inhibiting TMEM16A both in vitro and in vivo. Our data also showed that the IC50 of actigenin to TMEM16A whole-cell current was 19.29 ± 4.69 μM, and the putative binding sites of arctigenin in TMEM16A were R515 and R535. Arctigenin concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation and migration of LA795, however, the inhibition effect can be abolished by knockdown of the endogenous TMEM16A with shRNA. Further, we injected arctigenin on xenograft mouse model which exhibited significant antitumor activity with no adverse effect. At last, western blotting results showed the mechanism of arctigenin inhibiting lung adenocarcinoma was through inhibiting MAPK pathway. In summary, TMEM16A is a novel drug target for lung adenocarcinoma treatment. Arctigenin can be used as a lead compound for the development of lung adenocarcinoma therapy drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Sai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Xuzhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yong Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Hailong An
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen WC, Hu Y, Liu L, Shen YF, Wang GX, Zhu B. Synthesis and in vitro activities evaluation of arctigenin derivatives against spring viraemia of carp virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 82:17-26. [PMID: 30077800 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) is a viral fish pathogen causing high mortality in several carp species and other cultivated fish. However, robust anti-SVCV drugs currently are extremely scarce. For the purpose of seeking out anti-SVCV drugs, here a total of 35 arctigenin derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-viral activities. By comparing the inhibitory concentration at half-maximal activity (IC50) of the 15 screened candidate drugs (max inhibitory response surpassing 90%) in epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells infected with SVCV, 2Q and 6 A were chosen for additional validation studies, with an IC50 of 0.077 μg/mL and 0.095 μg/mL, respectively. Further experiments revealed that 2Q and 6 A could significantly decrease SVCV-induced apoptosis and have a protective effect on cell morphology at 48 and 72 h post-infection. Moreover, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced upon SVCV infection could be obviously inhibited by 2Q and 6 A, while SVCV-infected cells were clearly observed. On account of these findings, 2Q and 6 A could have a promising application for the treatment of infection of SVCV and provide a considerable reference for novel antivirals in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yu-Feng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Gao-Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22nd, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xie S, Chen M, Song X, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Li X. Bacterial microbots for acid-labile release of hybrid micelles to promote the synergistic antitumor efficacy. Acta Biomater 2018; 78:198-210. [PMID: 30036720 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria have inherent properties of self-propelled navigation and specific infiltration into solid tumors. In the current study, we investigate a novel type of bacterial microbots for delivery of hybrid micelles to promote the synergistic antitumor efficacy. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is used as a bacterial carrier to immobilize amphiphilic copolymers through acid-labile 2-propionic-3-methylmaleic anhydride (CDM) linkers. Doxorubicin (DOX) and α-tocopheryl succinate (TOS) are conjugated with poly(ethylene glycol) through disulfide linkers to obtain amphiphilic promicelle polymers (PMTOS and PMDOX). Tetrazine and norbornene terminals are grafted on EcN and PMTOS/PMDOX copolymers, respectively, and the mild and site-specific bioorthogonal reaction between them maintains the viability, motion ability, and tumor accumulation capability of the conjugated EcN. The PMTOS/PMDOX copolymers are released from bacterial microbots in response to the slightly acidic tumor microenvironment, followed by in situ formation of these copolymers as hybrid micelles (MD/T). The self-assembled micelles from PMTOS/PMDOX with a ratio of 1:2 demonstrate the most significant synergistic efficacy, and the released MD/T hybrid micelles exhibit cellular uptake efficiency, glutathione (GSH)-sensitive drug release, and cytotoxicities similar to those exhibited by micelles prepared by solvent evaporation. Because of the consecutive process of the self-propelling nature of bacteria and preferential accumulation of EcN in tumors, in situ formation of MD/T hybrid micelles, and intracellular drug release, bacterial microbots have shown remarkable antitumor efficacy with regard to animal survival, tumor growth, and apoptosis induction in tumor cells. Therefore, we demonstrate a feasible strategy for the construction of bacterial microbots to achieve tumor accumulation and on-demand release of multiple therapeutic agents for synergistic antitumor efficacy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Challenges remain in the targeted delivery of nanoparticles to solid tumors and the realization of synergistic efficacy in cancer chemotherapy. In the current study, we explore a novel class of bacterial microbots to load, deliver, and release hybrid micelles. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is used as a bacterial carrier to immobilize amphiphilic copolymers through acid-labile linkers, and the released copolymers are self-assembled into micelles. The resulting bacterial microbots integrate self-propelling bacteria and self-assembling amphiphilic polymers into micelles and realize pH-responsive release of promicelle polymers from bacterial microbots and glutathione-responsive intracellular release of drugs. A synergistic antitumor efficacy is achieved using hybrid micelles, which release both doxorubicin and α-tocopheryl succinate to display toxicities in the nucleus and mitochondria, respectively.
Collapse
|
15
|
Lin M, Li H, Zhao Y, Cai E, Zhu H, Gao Y, Liu S, Yang H, Zhang L, Tang G. 2-Naphthoic acid ergosterol ester, an ergosterol derivative, exhibits anti-tumor activity by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. Steroids 2017; 122:9-15. [PMID: 28377207 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phytosterol is a natural component of vegetable oil and includes ergosterol (ER) and β-sitosterol. In this study, three new ergosterol monoester derivatives were obtained from the reflux reaction with ergosterol, organic acids (furoic acid, salicylic acid, and 2-naphthoic acid), EDCI, and DMAP in dichloromethane. The chemical structures were defined by IR and NMR. On the basis of the results, 2-naphthoic acid ergosterol ester (NE) had the highest tumor inhibition rate and was selected to study anti-tumor activity and its mechanism at doses of 0.025mmol/kg and 0.1mmol/kg in H22-tumor bearing mice. Compared with ER, NE exhibited more stronger anti-tumor activity in vivo. Furthermore, biochemical parameters of ALT, AST, BUN, and CRE showed that NE had little toxicity to mice. NE significantly improved serum cytokine levels of IFN-γ and decreased VEGF levels. Moreover, H&E staining, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting indicated that NE exhibited anti-tumor activity in vivo by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. In brief, the present study provided a method to improve ER anti-tumor activity and a reference for a new anti-tumor agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Lin
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China.
| | - Enbo Cai
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuangli Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - He Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianxue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | - Guosheng Tang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|