1
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Jiang M, Chen M, Liu N. Interactions between Schwann cell and extracellular matrix in peripheral nerve regeneration. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1372168. [PMID: 38651098 PMCID: PMC11034552 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1372168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries, caused by various reasons, often lead to severe sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction or permanent disability, posing a challenging problem in regenerative medicine. Autologous nerve transplantation has been the gold standard in traditional treatments but faces numerous limitations and risk factors, such as donor area denervation, increased surgical complications, and diameter or nerve bundle mismatches. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex molecular network synthesized and released into the extracellular space by cells residing in tissues or organs. Its main components include collagen, proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, etc., providing structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells, crucial for cell survival and growth. Schwann cells, as the primary glial cells in the peripheral nervous system, play various important roles. Schwann cell transplantation is considered the gold standard in cell therapy for peripheral nerve injuries, making ECM derived from Schwann cells one of the most suitable biomaterials for peripheral nerve repair. To better understand the mechanisms of Schwann cells and the ECM in peripheral nerve regeneration and their optimal application, this review provides an overview of their roles in peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maorong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Muyang Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Nana Liu
- School of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Rao S, He Z, Wang Z, Yin H, Hu X, Tan Y, Wan T, Zhu H, Luo Y, Wang X, Li H, Wang Z, Hu X, Hong C, Wang Y, Luo M, Du W, Qian Y, Tang S, Xie H, Chen C. Extracellular vesicles from human urine-derived stem cells delay aging through the transfer of PLAU and TIMP1. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1166-1186. [PMID: 38487008 PMCID: PMC10935484 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging increases the risks of various diseases and the vulnerability to death. Cellular senescence is a hallmark of aging that contributes greatly to aging and aging-related diseases. This study demonstrates that extracellular vesicles from human urine-derived stem cells (USC-EVs) efficiently inhibit cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo. The intravenous injection of USC-EVs improves cognitive function, increases physical fitness and bone quality, and alleviates aging-related structural changes in different organs of senescence-accelerated mice and natural aging mice. The anti-aging effects of USC-EVs are not obviously affected by the USC donors' ages, genders, or health status. Proteomic analysis reveals that USC-EVs are enriched with plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1). These two proteins contribute importantly to the anti-senescent effects of USC-EVs associated with the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (P16INK4a), and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21cip1). These findings suggest a great potential of autologous USC-EVs as a promising anti-aging agent by transferring PLAU and TIMP1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Rao
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zehui He
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiongke Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, University of South China, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yijuan Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Tengfei Wan
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hongming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chungu Hong
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Mingjie Luo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuxuan Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chunyuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Angmedicine, Changsha 410008, China
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3
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Dergilev K, Tsokolaeva Z, Goltseva Y, Beloglazova I, Ratner E, Parfyonova Y. Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Regulates Prosurvival and Angiogenic Properties of Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15554. [PMID: 37958542 PMCID: PMC10650341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the largest challenges to the implementation of cardiac cell therapy is identifying selective reparative targets to enhance stem/progenitor cell therapeutic efficacy. In this work, we hypothesized that such a target could be an urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)-a glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol-anchored membrane protein, interacting with urokinase. uPAR is able to form complexes with various transmembrane proteins such as integrins, activating intracellular signaling pathway and thus regulating multiple cell functions. We focused on studying the CD117+ population of cardiac mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs), expressing uPAR on their surface. It was found that the number of CD117+ MPCs in the heart of the uPAR-/- mice is lower, as well as their ability to proliferate in vitro compared with cells from wild-type animals. Knockdown of uPAR in CD117+ MPCs of wild-type animals was accompanied by a decrease in survival rate and Akt signaling pathway activity and by an increase in the level of caspase activity in these cells. That suggests the role of uPAR in supporting cell survival. After intramyocardial transplantation of uPAR(-) MPCs, reduced cell retention and angiogenesis stimulation were observed in mice with myocardial infarction model compared to uPAR(+) cells transplantation. Taken together, the present results appear to prove a novel mechanism of uPAR action in maintaining the survival and angiogenic properties of CD117+ MPCs. These results emphasize the importance of the uPAR as a potential pharmacological target for the regulation of reparative properties of myocardial mesenchymal progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Dergilev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Named after Academician V.N. Smirnov, Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (K.D.)
| | - Zoya Tsokolaeva
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Named after Academician V.N. Smirnov, Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (K.D.)
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, 107031 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Goltseva
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Named after Academician V.N. Smirnov, Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (K.D.)
| | - Irina Beloglazova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Named after Academician V.N. Smirnov, Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (K.D.)
| | - Elizaveta Ratner
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Named after Academician V.N. Smirnov, Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (K.D.)
| | - Yelena Parfyonova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology Named after Academician V.N. Smirnov, Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center of Cardiology Named after Academician E.I. Chazov, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (K.D.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Rysenkova KD, Troyanovskiy KE, Klimovich PS, Bulyakova TR, Shelomentseva EM, Shmakova AA, Tanygina DY, Ivashkina OI, Anokhin KV, Karagyaur MN, Zvereva MI, Rubina KA, Tkachuk VA, Semina EV. Identification of a Novel Small RNA Encoded in the Mouse Urokinase Receptor uPAR Gene ( Plaur) and Its Molecular Target Mef2d. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:865858. [PMID: 35875662 PMCID: PMC9298986 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.865858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urokinase receptor (uPAR) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored receptor of urokinase (uPA), which is involved in brain development, nerve regeneration, wound healing and tissue remodeling. We have recently shown that Plaur, which encodes uPAR, is an early response gene in murine brain. Assumingly, diverse functions of Plaur might be attributed to hypothetical, unidentified microRNAs encoded within introns of the Plaur gene. Using a bioinformatic approach we identified novel small RNAs within the Plaur gene and named them Plaur-miR1-3p and Plaur-miR1-5p. We confirmed Plaur-dependent expression of Plaur-miR1-3p and Plaur-miR1-5p in the mouse brain and mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells. Utilizing an in silico MR-microT algorithm in DianaTools we selected two target genes – Mef2d and Emx2 with the highest binding scores to small RNAs selected from identified Plaur-Pre-miR1. Furthermore, sequencing of mouse brain samples for Plaur-miR1-5p target genes revealed two more genes—Nrip3 and Snrnp200. The expression of Emx2, Mef2d, and Snrnp200 in the mouse brain and Mef2d and Snrnp200 in Neuro2a cells correlated with expression of Plaur and small RNAs—Plaur-miR1-3p and Plaur-miR1-5p. Finally, we demonstrated elevated MEF2D protein expression in the mouse brain after Plaur induction and displayed activating effects of Plaur-miR1-5p on Mef2d expression in Neuro2a cells using Luciferase reporter assay. In conclusion, we have identified Plaur-miR1-3p and Plaur-miR1-5p as novel small RNAs encoded in the Plaur gene. This finding expands the current understanding of Plaur function in brain development and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina D Rysenkova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Polina S Klimovich
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Anna A Shmakova
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria Yu Tanygina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga I Ivashkina
- Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Neurobiology of Memory, P.K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Neuroscience, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin V Anokhin
- Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Neurobiology of Memory, P.K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim N Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria I Zvereva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kseniya A Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vsevolod A Tkachuk
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Semina
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology named after academician E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Dzhauari S, Litvinova S, Efimenko A, Aleksandrushkina N, Basalova N, Abakumov M, Danilova N, Malkov P, Balabanyan V, Bezuglova T, Balayants V, Mnikhovich M, Gulyaev M, Skryabina M, Popov V, Stambolsky D, Voronina T, Tkachuk V, Karagyaur M. Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Enhances the Neuroprotective Activity of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in a Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061346. [PMID: 35740368 PMCID: PMC9220139 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a classic neuroprotective and pro-regenerative factor in peripheral and central nervous tissue. Its ability to stimulate the restoration of damaged nerve and brain tissue after ischemic stroke and intraventricular hemorrhage has been demonstrated. However, the current concept of regeneration allows us to assert that one factor, even if essential, cannot be the sole contributor to this complex biological process. We have previously shown that urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) complements BDNF activity and stimulates restoration of nervous tissue. Using a model of intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, we investigated the neurotrophic and neuroprotective effect of BDNF combined with uPA. The local simultaneous administration of BDNF and uPA provided effective neuroprotection of brain tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage, promoted survival of experimental animals and their neurological recovery, and decreased lesion volume. The study of cellular mechanisms of the observed neurotrophic effect of BDNF and uPA combination revealed both known mechanisms (neuronal survival and neurite growth) and new ones (microglial activation) that had not been shown for BDNF and uPA. Our findings support the concept of using combinations of biological factors with diverse but complementary mechanisms of action as a promising regenerative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalik Dzhauari
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Svetlana Litvinova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, 8, Baltiyskaya Str., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (S.L.); (T.V.)
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Aleksandrushkina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya Basalova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Abakumov
- Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 4, Leninskiy Ave., 119049 Moscow, Russia;
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 1, Ostrovityanova Str., 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Danilova
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.D.); (P.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Pavel Malkov
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.D.); (P.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Vadim Balabanyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Bezuglova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3, Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Viktor Balayants
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3, Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Maxim Mnikhovich
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3, Tsyurupy Str., 117418 Moscow, Russia; (T.B.); (V.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mikhail Gulyaev
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Mariya Skryabina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Vladimir Popov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
| | - Dmitry Stambolsky
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.D.); (P.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Tatiana Voronina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology”, 8, Baltiyskaya Str., 125315 Moscow, Russia; (S.L.); (T.V.)
| | - Vsevolod Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/1, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia; (S.D.); (A.E.); (N.A.); (N.B.); (V.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (V.P.); (V.T.)
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 27/10, Lomonosovsky Ave., 119192 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
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6
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Matsui Y, Kadoya K, Nagano Y, Endo T, Hara M, Matsumae G, Suzuki T, Yamamoto Y, Terkawi MA, Iwasaki N. IL4 stimulated macrophages promote axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury by secreting uPA to stimulate uPAR upregulated in injured axons. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:289. [PMID: 35536429 PMCID: PMC11072050 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04310-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidences suggest that M2 macrophages are involved with repair processes in the nervous system. However, whether M2 macrophages can promote axon regeneration by directly stimulating axons nor its precise molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, the current study demonstrated that typical M2 macrophages, which were generated by IL4 simulation, had the capacity to stimulate axonal growth by their direct effect on axons and that the graft of IL4 stimulated macrophages into the region of Wallerian degeneration enhanced axon regeneration and improved functional recovery after PNI. Importantly, uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator)-uPA receptor (uPAR) was identified as the central axis underlying the axon regeneration effect of IL4 stimulated macrophages. IL4 stimulated macrophages secreted uPA, and its inhibition abolished their axon regeneration effect. Injured but not intact axons expressed uPAR to be sensitive to uPA. These results unveil a cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the macrophage related axon regeneration and provide a basis of a novel therapy for PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Matsui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ken Kadoya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Nagano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Hospital Organization, Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masato Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Gen Matsumae
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Mohamad Alaa Terkawi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Norimasa Iwasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8638, Japan
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Shmakova AA, Klimovich PS, Rysenkova KD, Popov VS, Gorbunova AS, Karpukhina AA, Karagyaur MN, Rubina KA, Tkachuk VA, Semina EV. Urokinase Receptor uPAR Downregulation in Neuroblastoma Leads to Dormancy, Chemoresistance and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040994. [PMID: 35205745 PMCID: PMC8870350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary uPAR is a membrane receptor that contributes to extracellular matrix remodeling and controls cellular adhesion, proliferation, survival, and migration. We demonstrate that the initially high uPAR expression predicts poor survival in neuroblastoma. However, relapsed neuroblastomas have a significantly decreased uPAR expression. uPAR downregulation in neuroblastoma cells leads to dormancy and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. In mice, low uPAR-expressing neuroblastoma cells formed smaller primary tumors but more frequent metastasis. Abstract uPAR is a membrane receptor that binds extracellular protease urokinase, contributes to matrix remodeling and plays a crucial role in cellular adhesion, proliferation, survival, and migration. uPAR overexpression in tumor cells promotes mitogenesis, opening a prospective avenue for targeted therapy. However, uPAR targeting in cancer has potential risks. We have recently shown that uPAR downregulation in neuroblastoma promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), potentially associated with metastasis and chemoresistance. We used data mining to evaluate the role of uPAR expression in primary and relapsed human neuroblastomas. To model the decreased uPAR expression, we targeted uPAR using CRISPR/Cas9 and shRNA in neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells and evaluated their chemosensitivity in vitro as well as tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. We demonstrate that the initially high PLAUR expression predicts poor survival in human neuroblastoma. However, relapsed neuroblastomas have a significantly decreased PLAUR expression. uPAR targeting in neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells leads to p38 activation and an increased p21 expression (suggesting a dormant phenotype). The dormancy in neuroblastoma cells can be triggered by the disruption of uPAR-integrin interaction. uPAR-deficient cells are less sensitive to cisplatin and doxorubicin treatment and exhibit lower p53 activation. Finally, low uPAR-expressing Neuro2a cells formed smaller primary tumors, but more frequent metastasis in mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study revealing the pathological role of dormant uPAR-deficient cancer cells having a chemoresistant and motile phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Shmakova
- National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (P.S.K.); (K.D.R.); (V.A.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Polina S. Klimovich
- National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (P.S.K.); (K.D.R.); (V.A.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Karina D. Rysenkova
- National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (P.S.K.); (K.D.R.); (V.A.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Vladimir S. Popov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Anna S. Gorbunova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Anna A. Karpukhina
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Science, 117334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Maxim N. Karagyaur
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Kseniya A. Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Vsevolod A. Tkachuk
- National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (P.S.K.); (K.D.R.); (V.A.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Semina
- National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.S.); (P.S.K.); (K.D.R.); (V.A.T.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (V.S.P.); (A.S.G.); (M.N.K.); (K.A.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Klimovich P, Rubina K, Sysoeva V, Semina E. New Frontiers in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Concerns and Remedies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13380. [PMID: 34948176 PMCID: PMC8703705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical advances in studying molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for regeneration in the peripheral nervous system have highlighted the ability of the nervous system to repair itself. Still, serious injuries represent a challenge for the morphological and functional regeneration of peripheral nerves, calling for new treatment strategies that maximize nerve regeneration and recovery. This review presents the canonical view of the basic mechanisms of nerve regeneration and novel data on the role of exosomes and their transferred microRNAs in intracellular communication, regulation of axonal growth, Schwann cell migration and proliferation, and stromal cell functioning. An integrated comprehensive understanding of the current mechanistic underpinnings will open the venue for developing new clinical strategies to ensure full regeneration in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Klimovich
- National Cardiology Research Center Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Kseniya Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Veronika Sysoeva
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina Semina
- National Cardiology Research Center Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (P.K.); (E.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Protease Activated Receptor 1 and Its Ligands as Main Regulators of the Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11111668. [PMID: 34827666 PMCID: PMC8615415 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast with the brain and spinal cord, peripheral nerves possess a striking ability to regenerate after damage. This characteristic of the peripheral nervous system is mainly due to a specific population of glial cells, the Schwann cells. Schwann cells promptly activate after nerve injury, dedifferentiate assuming a repair phenotype, and assist axon regrowth. In general, tissue injury determines the release of a variety of proteases which, in parallel with the degradation of their specific targets, also activate plasma membrane receptors known as protease-activated receptors (PARs). PAR1, the prototypical member of the PAR family, is also known as thrombin receptor and is present at the Schwann cell plasma membrane. This receptor is emerging as a possible regulator of the pro-regenerative capacity of Schwann cells. Here, we summarize the most recent literature data describing the possible contribution of PAR1 and PAR1-activating proteases in regulating the regeneration of peripheral nerves.
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Shmakova AA, Rysenkova KD, Ivashkina OI, Gruzdeva AM, Klimovich PS, Popov VS, Rubina KA, Anokhin KV, Tkachuk VA, Semina EV. Early Induction of Neurotrophin Receptor and miRNA Genes in Mouse Brain after Pentilenetetrazole-Induced Neuronal Activity. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1326-1341. [PMID: 34903157 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophin receptors regulate neuronal survival and network formation, as well as synaptic plasticity in the brain via interaction with their ligands. Here, we examined early changes in the expression of neurotrophin receptor genes Ntk1 (TrkA), Ntrk2 (TrkB), Ntrk3 (TrkC), Ngfr (p75NTR) and miRNAs that target theses gens in the mouse brain after induction of seizure activity by pentylenetetrazol. We found that expression of Ntrk3 and Ngfr was upregulated in the cortex and the hippocampus 1-3 hours after the seizures, while Ntrk2 expression increased after 3-6 hours in the anterior cortex and after 1 and 6 hours in the hippocampus. At the same time, the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax signaling proteins increased in the anterior and posterior cortex, but not in the hippocampus, suggesting the activation of anti-apoptotic signaling. Expression of miRNA-9 and miRNA-29a, which were predicted to target Ntrk3, was upregulated in the hippocampus 3 hours after pentylenetetrazol injection. Therefore, early cellular response to seizures in the brain includes induction of the Ntrk2, Ntrk3, Ngfr, miRNA-9, and miRNA-29a expression, as well as activation of Bcl-2 and Bax signaling pathways, which may characterize them as important mediators of neuronal adaptation and survival upon induction of the generalized brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Shmakova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Karina D Rysenkova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Olga I Ivashkina
- Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation
- Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
- Kurchatov Institute National Research Center, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Anna M Gruzdeva
- Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation
| | - Polina S Klimovich
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Popov
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - Kseniya A Rubina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
| | - Konstantin V Anokhin
- Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russian Federation.
- Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - Vsevolod A Tkachuk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Semina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119192, Russia.
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Cardiology Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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Shmakova AA, Balatskiy AV, Kulebyakina MA, Schaub T, Karagyaur MN, Kulebyakin KY, Rysenkova KD, Tarabykin VS, Tkachuk VA, Semina EV. Urokinase Receptor uPAR Overexpression in Mouse Brain Stimulates the Migration of Neurons into the Cortex during Embryogenesis. Russ J Dev Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360421010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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