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Mansour SM, Sabra O, El-Komy F, Ahmed K, El-Abhar H. Novel insights into gut health: Cilostazol strengthens gut integrity by adjusting TLR-2/NF-κB/IL-23 and CD44/AKT/GSK-3β/cyclin-D1 trajectories in methotrexate-induced mucositis model. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 975:176669. [PMID: 38795758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX)-induced gastrointestinal mucositis is a common adverse effect characterized by redox imbalance and overproduction of inflammatory mediators that perturb intestinal integrity. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for this condition and its prevention is still far beyond comprehension. Because of its pleiotropic pharmacological actions, we aimed to explore the potential mechanisms through which cilostazol (CILO) can protect against MTX-induced intestinal mucositis. Wistar rats were allocated into 4 groups, control, CILO (100 mg/kg, p.o for 14 days), MTX (7.5 mg/kg for 4 successive days), and CILO + MTX. The improving effect of CILO on the morphological structure was confirmed by an upturn in the histopathological and transition electron microscope examinations evidenced by the increased jejunal villus height/width and the crypt depth besides the maintenance of tight junctions. These findings were verified biochemically; on the molecular level, CILO reduced the MTX-induced lipid peroxidation, cleaved caspase-3, p53, and the inflammatory parameters (TLR-2, NF-κB, IL-23, TNF-α, IL-1β), while increasing the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10 and the antioxidant enzyme SOD. Moreover, CILO decreased the injurious axis AKT/GSK-3β/cyclin-D1, and CD44+, but increased the immunoexpression of the cell proliferating marker PCNA. CILO also upheld the intestinal barrier by enhancing the tight junction molecules (ZO-1, claudin-4) and the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex while abating the mesenchymal marker vimentin. In conclusion, CILO protected gut integrity by reducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, the MTX-induced oxidative, apoptotic, and inflammatory mediators, and turning off the CD44/AKT/GSK-3β/cyclin D1 trajectory and intensifying the expression of PCNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt.
| | - Omar Sabra
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fatma El-Komy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kawkab Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Hanan El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 84518, Egypt
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Liu N, Liang H, Hong Y, Lu X, Jin X, Li Y, Tang S, Li Y, Cao W. Gallic acid pretreatment mitigates parathyroid ischemia-reperfusion injury through signaling pathway modulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12971. [PMID: 38839854 PMCID: PMC11153493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Thyroid surgery often results in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) to the parathyroid glands, yet the mechanisms underlying this and how to ameliorate IRI remain incompletely explored. Our study identifies a polyphenolic herbal extract-gallic acid (GA)-with antioxidative properties against IRI. Through flow cytometry and CCK8 assays, we investigate the protective effects of GA pretreatment on a parathyroid IRI model and decode its potential mechanisms via RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis. Results reveal increased apoptosis, pronounced G1 phase arrest, and significantly reduced cell proliferation in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group compared to the hypoxia group, which GA pretreatment mitigates. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis indicate GA's modulation of various signaling pathways, including IL-17, AMPK, MAPK, transient receptor potential channels, cAMP, and Rap1. In summary, GA pretreatment demonstrates potential in protecting parathyroid cells from IRI by influencing various genes and signaling pathways. These findings offer a promising therapeutic strategy for hypoparathyroidism treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianqiu Liu
- Departments of Breast Surgery, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmin Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Departments of Laboratory, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokai Lu
- Departments of Ultrasound, Yunnan Cancer Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiying Tang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihan Cao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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Shi M, Sun D, Deng L, Liu J, Zhang MJ. SRPK1 Promotes Glioma Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion through Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin and JAK-2/STAT-3 Signaling Pathways. Biomedicines 2024; 12:378. [PMID: 38397980 PMCID: PMC10886746 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, the treatment of gliomas still relies primarily on surgery and radiochemotherapy. Although there are various drugs available, including temozolomide, the overall therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory, and the prognosis remains poor. Therefore, the in-depth study of the mechanism of glioma development and a search for new therapeutic targets are the keys to improving the therapeutic treatment of gliomas and improving the prognosis of patients. Immunohistochemistry is used to detect the expression of relevant molecules in tissues, qPCR and Western blot are used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of relevant molecules, CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) is used to assess cell viability and proliferation capacity, Transwell is used to evaluate cell migration and invasion ability, and RNA transcriptome sequencing is used to identify the most influential pathways. SRPK1 (SRSF protein kinase 1) is highly expressed in gliomas but is not expressed in normal tissues. Its expression is positively correlated with the grades of gliomas and negatively correlated with prognosis. SRPK1 significantly promotes the occurrence and development of gliomas. Knocking down SRPK1 leads to a significant decrease in the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of gliomas. Loss of SRPK1 expression induces G2/M phase arrest and mitotic catastrophe, leading to apoptosis in cells. Overexpression of SRPK1 activates the Wnt/β-catenin (wingless-int1/β-catenin) and JAK-2/STAT-3 (Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signaling pathways, promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gliomas. Overexpression of SRPK1 rescues the reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities caused by the silencing of β-catenin or JAK-2. A stable shRNA-LN229 cell line was constructed, and using a nude mouse model, it was found that stable knockout of SRPK1 significantly reduced the tumorigenic ability of glioma cells, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the subcutaneous tumor volume and weight in nude mice. We have demonstrated that SRPK1 is highly expressed in gliomas. Overexpression of SRPK1 activates the Wnt/β-catenin and JAK-2/STAT-3 signaling pathways, promoting the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gliomas. Silencing SRPK1-related signaling pathways may provide potential therapeutic options for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Shi
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China;
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology (Huainan First People’s Hospital), Huainan 232002, China
| | - Lu Deng
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China;
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Min-Jie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China;
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Han M, Zhang D, Ji J, Zhang J, Qin M. Downregulating miR-184 relieves calcium oxalate crystal-mediated renal cell damage via activating the Rap1 signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14749-14763. [PMID: 38154105 PMCID: PMC10781483 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal calculi are a very prevalent disease with a high incidence. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) is a primary constituent of kidney stones. Our paper probes the regulatory function and mechanism of miR-184 in CaOx-mediated renal cell damage. METHODS CaOx was used to treat HK2 cells and human podocytes (HPCs) to simulate kidney cell damage. The qRT-PCR technique checked the profiles of miR-184 and IGF1R. The examination of cell proliferation was conducted employing CCK8. TUNEL staining was used to monitor cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein profiles of apoptosis-concerned related proteins (including Mcl1, Bcl-XL, and Caspase-3), the NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1, and Rap1 signaling pathways. ELISA confirmed the levels of the inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, MCP1, and ICAM1. The targeting relationship between miR-184 and IGF1R was validated by dual luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Glyoxylate-induced rat kidney stones model and HK2 and HPC cells treated with CaOx demonstrated an increase in the miR-184 profile. Inhibiting miR-184 relieved CaOx-mediated renal cell inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress and activated the Rap1 pathway. IGF1R was targeted by miR-184. IGF1R activation by IGF1 attenuated the effects of miR-184 on renal cell damage, and Hippo pathway suppression reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-184 knockdown on renal cell impairment. CONCLUSIONS miR-184 downregulation activates the Rap1 signaling pathway to ameliorate renal cell damage mediated by CaOx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Donghong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Junwei Ji
- Department of Emergency, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Mingyi Qin
- Department of Nursing, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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Pinky, Neha, Ali M, Tiwari P, Alam MM, Hattiwale HM, Jamal A, Parvez S. Unravelling of molecular biomarkers in synaptic plasticity of Alzheimer's disease: Critical role of the restoration of neuronal circuits. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 91:102069. [PMID: 37696304 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Learning and memory storage are the fundamental activities of the brain. Aberrant expression of synaptic molecular markers has been linked to memory impairment in AD. Aging is one of the risk factors linked to gradual memory loss. It is estimated that approximately 13 million people worldwide will have AD by 2050. A massive amount of oxidative stress is kept under control by a complex network of antioxidants, which occasionally fails and results in neuronal oxidative stress. Increasing evidence suggests that ROS may affect many pathological aspects of AD, including Aβ accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, synaptic plasticity, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may collectively result in neurodegeneration in the brain. Further investigation into the relationship between oxidative stress and AD may provide an avenue for effective preservation and pharmacological treatment of this neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we briefly summarize the cellular mechanism underlying Aβ induced synaptic dysfunction. Since oxidative stress is common in the elderly and may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD, we also shed light on the role of antioxidant and inflammatory pathways in oxidative stress adaptation, which has a potential therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinky
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Neha
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Mubashshir Ali
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Prachi Tiwari
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Nursing Sciences and Allied Health, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Mohammad Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Haroonrashid M Hattiwale
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Falco L, Tessitore V, Ciccarelli G, Malvezzi M, D'Andrea A, Imbalzano E, Golino P, Russo V. Antioxidant Properties of Oral Antithrombotic Therapies in Atherosclerotic Disease and Atrial Fibrillation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1185. [PMID: 37371915 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The thrombosis-related diseases are one of the leading causes of illness and death in the general population, and despite significant improvements in long-term survival due to remarkable advances in pharmacologic therapy, they continue to pose a tremendous burden on healthcare systems. The oxidative stress plays a role of pivotal importance in thrombosis pathophysiology. The anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs commonly used in the management of thrombosis-related diseases show several pleiotropic effects, beyond the antithrombotic effects. The present review aims to describe the current evidence about the antioxidant effects of the oral antithrombotic therapies in patients with atherosclerotic disease and atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Falco
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Viviana Tessitore
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ciccarelli
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Malvezzi
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Egidio Imbalzano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Golino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"-Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, Italy
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Slika H, Mansour H, Nasser SA, Shaito A, Kobeissy F, Orekhov AN, Pintus G, Eid AH. Epac as a tractable therapeutic target. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 945:175645. [PMID: 36894048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
In 1957, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was identified as the first secondary messenger, and the first signaling cascade discovered was the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Since then, cAMP has received increasing attention given its multitude of actions. Not long ago, a new cAMP effector named exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) emerged as a critical mediator of cAMP's actions. Epac mediates a plethora of pathophysiologic processes and contributes to the pathogenesis of several diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, lung fibrosis, neurological disorders, and others. These findings strongly underscore the potential of Epac as a tractable therapeutic target. In this context, Epac modulators seem to possess unique characteristics and advantages and hold the promise of providing more efficacious treatments for a wide array of diseases. This paper provides an in-depth dissection and analysis of Epac structure, distribution, subcellular compartmentalization, and signaling mechanisms. We elaborate on how these characteristics can be utilized to design specific, efficient, and safe Epac agonists and antagonists that can be incorporated into future pharmacotherapeutics. In addition, we provide a detailed portfolio for specific Epac modulators highlighting their discovery, advantages, potential concerns, and utilization in the context of clinical disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Slika
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | - Hadi Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | | | - Abdullah Shaito
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box: 2713, Qatar.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuroscience, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsyurupa Street, Moscow, 117418, Russia; Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiiskaya Street, Moscow, 125315, Russia; Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Osennyaya Street 4-1-207, Moscow, 121609, Russia.
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
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Possible Implication of Nrf2, PPAR-γ and MAPKs Signaling in the Protective Role of Mangiferin against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010006. [PMID: 36678503 PMCID: PMC9863472 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (Mang) is a known glucosylxanthone that has proven its shielding effect against ischemia/reperfusion (Is/R). However, its full underlying mechanistic perspective against renal Is/R induced lesions is not fully revealed. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to track further non-investigated modulatory signals of Mang against the renal Is/R model involving nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ/nuclear factor (NF)-κB, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. To ratify our aim, Mang was administrated (20 mg/kg, i.p for seven days) before the induction of bilateral Is/R. Mechanistic maneuver revealed that Mang balanced oxidative state via increasing the expression of the antioxidant Nrf2/HO-1 cue with subsequent enhancement of GSH besides MDA lessening. Additionally, Mang enhanced PPAR-γ mRNA expression and declined p-p38 MAPK and p-JNK expression with concomitant NF-κB downsizing leading to iNOS/NOx and TNF-α rebating. Furthermore, the Mang anti-apoptotic trait was affirmed by enriching Bcl-2 expression as well as decreasing Bax and caspase-3 expression. All these potentials were in the line with the molecular docking results and the improved histopathological findings and renal function biomarkers. Consequently, Mang provided plausible protective mechanisms against renal Is/R-related events, possibly by amending oxidative status, inflammatory mediators, and apoptotic cell death through the involvement of Nrf2, PPAR-γ, MAPK, JNK, and NF-κB signaling.
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Pan Y, Liu J, Ren J, Luo Y, Sun X. Epac: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Vascular Diseases: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929152. [PMID: 35910387 PMCID: PMC9330031 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases affect the circulatory system and comprise most human diseases. They cause severe symptoms and affect the quality of life of patients. Recently, since their identification, exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac) have attracted increasing scientific interest, because of their role in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling, a well-known signal transduction pathway. The role of Epac in cardiovascular disease and cancer is extensively studied, whereas their role in kidney disease has not been comprehensively explored yet. In this study, we aimed to review recent studies on the regulatory effects of Epac on various vascular diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cancer. Accumulating evidence has shown that both Epac1 and Epac2 play important roles in vascular diseases under both physiological and pathological conditions. Additionally, there has been an increasing focus on Epac pharmacological modulators. Therefore, we speculated that Epac could serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiahui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Luo, ; Xiaobo Sun,
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Luo, ; Xiaobo Sun,
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Huang ST, Chen BB, Song ZJ, Tang HL, Hua R, Zhang YM. Unraveling the role of Epac1-SOCS3 signaling in the development of neonatal-CRD-induced visceral hypersensitivity in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1393-1408. [PMID: 35702948 PMCID: PMC9344090 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is widespread, but effective therapies for it remain elusive. As a canonical anti‐inflammatory protein, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) reportedly relays exchange protein 1 directly activated by cAMP (Epac1) signaling and inhibits the intracellular response to inflammatory cytokines. Despite the inhibitory effect of SOCS3 on the pro‐inflammatory response and neuroinflammation in PVN, the systematic investigation of Epac1‐SOCS3 signaling involved in visceral hypersensitivity remains unknown. This study aimed to explore Epac1‐SOCS3 signaling in the activity of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) neurons and visceral hypersensitivity in adult rats experiencing neonatal colorectal distension (CRD). Methods Rats were subjected to neonatal CRD to simulate visceral hypersensitivity to investigate the effect of Epac1‐SOCS3 signaling on PVN CRF neurons. The expression and activity of Epac1 and SOCS3 in nociceptive hypersensitivity were determined by western blot, RT‐PCR, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, electrophysiology, and pharmacology. Results In neonatal‐CRD‐induced visceral hypersensitivity model, Epac1 and SOCS3 expressions were downregulated and IL‐6 levels elevated in PVN. However, infusion of Epac agonist 8‐pCPT in PVN reduced CRF neuronal firing rates, and overexpression of SOCS3 in PVN by AAV‐SOCS3 inhibited the activation of PVN neurons, reduced visceral hypersensitivity, and precluded pain precipitation. Intervention with IL‐6 neutralizing antibody also alleviated the visceral hypersensitivity. In naïve rats, Epac antagonist ESI‐09 in PVN increased CRF neuronal firing. Consistently, genetic knockdown of Epac1 or SOCS3 in PVN potentiated the firing rate of CRF neurons, functionality of HPA axis, and sensitivity of visceral nociception. Moreover, pharmacological intervention with exogenous IL‐6 into PVN simulated the visceral hypersensitivity. Conclusions Inactivation of Epac1‐SOCS3 pathway contributed to the neuroinflammation accompanied by the sensitization of CRF neurons in PVN, precipitating visceral hypersensitivity and pain in rats experiencing neonatal CRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ting Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bin-Bin Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jing Song
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui-Li Tang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou, China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yong-Mei Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs, Xuzhou, China
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Mansour SM, Abd El-Aal SA, El-Abhar HS, Ahmed KA, Awny MM. Repositioning of Ticagrelor: Renoprotection mediated by modulating renin-angiotensin system, inflammation, autophagy and galectin-3. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 918:174793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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