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Cai WW, Qin YY, Ge F, Zhou Q, Huang L, Yang PB, Xia J, Li KK, Hou YF, Wu JM, Wang DY, You Y, Lu WJ, Gao S. Xin-Ji-Er-Kang balances mitochondrial fusion and fission to protect cardiomyocytes in mice with heart failure by regulating the ERα/SIRT3 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 139:156420. [PMID: 39914067 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.156420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 01/16/2025] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dynamics imbalance is an essential pathological mechanism in heart failure (HF). The Chinese herbal formula Xin-Ji-Er-Kang (XJEK) has demonstrated good therapeutic effects in various cardiovascular disease models. However, whether XJEK treats HF by regulating mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis and its specific molecular mechanisms remain elusive. PURPOSE To investigate the effect of XJEK on restoring the disrupted mitochondrial dynamics homeostasis in HF and elucidate the potential regulatory mechanism. STUDY-DESIGN/METHODS A mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR)-induced HF was established to assess the cardioprotection of XJEK. Subsequently, network pharmacology was employed to predict the mechanism by which XJEK treated HF. Moreover, gene silencing was employed to explore the potential mechanisms behind the cardioprotective effects of XJEK in AC16 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). RESULTS XJEK treatment significantly attenuated myocardial fibrosis and ameliorated ventricular remodeling in post-MIR-induced HF mice. Network pharmacology analysis identified the estrogen receptor α (ERα) as a key regulator of XJEK-mediated cardioprotection. XJEK disordered mitochondrial dynamics in the hearts of MIR-induced HF mice. In addition, XJEK restored mitochondrial fusion-fission imbalance and facilitated ERα nuclear translocation to up-regulate sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expression in the hearts of MIR-induced HF mice and H/R-induced AC16 cells. Notably, ERα depletion in cardiomyocytes completely abrogated the cardioprotective effects of XJEK. CONCLUSION XJEK safeguards the hearts in mice with MIR-induced HF by facilitating ERα nuclear translocation to up-regulate SIRT3 expression to rescue the mitochondrial fusion-fission imbalance. This study establishes a new theoretical basis for treating HF with XJEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Pang-Bo Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Jie Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Ke-Ke Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Yi-Fan Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Jia-Min Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Ding-Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China
| | - Ya You
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City 230601, PR China.
| | - Wen-Jie Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, PR China.
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Chen S, Wu S, Lin B. The potential therapeutic value of the natural plant compounds matrine and oxymatrine in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1417672. [PMID: 39041001 PMCID: PMC11260750 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1417672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Matrine (MT) and Oxymatrine (OMT) are two natural alkaloids derived from plants. These bioactive compounds are notable for their diverse pharmacological effects and have been extensively studied and recognized in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in recent years. The cardioprotective effects of MT and OMT involve multiple aspects, primarily including antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory actions, anti-atherosclerosis, restoration of vascular function, and inhibition of cardiac remodeling and failure. Clinical pharmacology research has identified numerous novel molecular mechanisms of OMT and MT, such as JAK/STAT, Nrf2/HO-1, PI3 K/AKT, TGF-β1/Smad, and Notch pathways, providing new evidence supporting their promising therapeutic potential against cardiovascular diseases. Thus, this review aims to investigate the potential applications of MT and OMT in treating cardiovascular diseases, encompassing their mechanisms, efficacy, and safety, confirming their promise as lead compounds in anti-cardiovascular disease drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bin Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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Qiu S, Cai Y, Yao H, Lin C, Xie Y, Tang S, Zhang A. Small molecule metabolites: discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:132. [PMID: 36941259 PMCID: PMC10026263 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 146.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities lead to the dysfunction of metabolic pathways and metabolite accumulation or deficiency which is well-recognized hallmarks of diseases. Metabolite signatures that have close proximity to subject's phenotypic informative dimension, are useful for predicting diagnosis and prognosis of diseases as well as monitoring treatments. The lack of early biomarkers could lead to poor diagnosis and serious outcomes. Therefore, noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring methods with high specificity and selectivity are desperately needed. Small molecule metabolites-based metabolomics has become a specialized tool for metabolic biomarker and pathway analysis, for revealing possible mechanisms of human various diseases and deciphering therapeutic potentials. It could help identify functional biomarkers related to phenotypic variation and delineate biochemical pathways changes as early indicators of pathological dysfunction and damage prior to disease development. Recently, scientists have established a large number of metabolic profiles to reveal the underlying mechanisms and metabolic networks for therapeutic target exploration in biomedicine. This review summarized the metabolic analysis on the potential value of small-molecule candidate metabolites as biomarkers with clinical events, which may lead to better diagnosis, prognosis, drug screening and treatment. We also discuss challenges that need to be addressed to fuel the next wave of breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Hong Yao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chunsheng Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yiqiang Xie
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Songqi Tang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Aihua Zhang
- International Advanced Functional Omics Platform, Scientific Experiment Center, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), College of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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