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Zanfaño L, Carro-Huerga G, Rodríguez-González Á, Mayo-Prieto S, Cardoza RE, Gutiérrez S, Casquero PA. Trichoderma carraovejensis: a new species from vineyard ecosystem with biocontrol abilities against grapevine trunk disease pathogens and ecological adaptation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1388841. [PMID: 38835860 PMCID: PMC11148300 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1388841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Trichoderma strains used in vineyards for the control of grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) present a promising alternative to chemical products. Therefore, the isolation and characterization of new indigenous Trichoderma strains for these purposes is a valuable strategy to favor the adaptation of these strains to the environment, thus improving their efficacy in the field. In this research, a new Trichoderma species, Trichoderma carraovejensis, isolated from vineyards in Ribera de Duero (Spain) area, has been identified and phylogenetically analyzed using 20 housekeeping genes isolated from the genome of 24 Trichoderma species. A morphological description and comparison of the new species has also been carried out. In order to corroborate the potential of T. carraovejensis as a biological control agent (BCA), confrontation tests against pathogenic fungi, causing various GTDs, have been performed in the laboratory. The compatibility of T. carraovejensis with different pesticides and biostimulants has also been assessed. This new Trichoderma species demonstrates the ability to control pathogens such as Diplodia seriata, as well as high compatibility with powdered sulfur-based pesticides. In conclusion, the autochthonous species T. carraovejensis can be an effective alternative to complement the currently used strategies for the control of wood diseases in its region of origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zanfaño
- Research Group of Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture, Natural Resources Institute, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Guzmán Carro-Huerga
- Research Group of Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture, Natural Resources Institute, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Álvaro Rodríguez-González
- Research Group of Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture, Natural Resources Institute, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Sara Mayo-Prieto
- Research Group of Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture, Natural Resources Institute, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Rosa E Cardoza
- Area of Microbiology, University School of Agricultural Engineers, Universidad de León, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Santiago Gutiérrez
- Research Group of Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture, Natural Resources Institute, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Area of Microbiology, University School of Agricultural Engineers, Universidad de León, Ponferrada, Spain
| | - Pedro A Casquero
- Research Group of Engineering and Sustainable Agriculture, Natural Resources Institute, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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Grella M, Gioelli F, Marucco P, Zwertvaegher I, Mozzanini E, Pittarello M, Balsari P, Fountas S, Nuyttens D, Mezzalama M, Pugliese M. Assessment of microbial biocontrol agent (BCA) viability to mechanical and thermal stress by simulating spray application conditions. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4423-4438. [PMID: 37402243 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to improve the biological control agent (BCA) efficacy, stress factors threatening the viability of microorganisms during spray application need to be determined. The effect of spray mixture temperature and exposure time on Trichoderma harzianum T 22 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST713 viability were tested. Concurrently the combined effect of mechanical and thermal stress effect on BCA viability were tested at two initial spray mixture temperatures (14 and 25 °C) by simulating a spray application using airblast sprayers featured by different tank capacity and a spray liquid circuit (without and with hydraulic agitation system). To assess the BCA microorganism viability, spray mixture samples were collected at time intervals along trials and plated to count the colony forming units (CFU). RESULTS The critical temperature threshold that inhibited BCA viability was 35 °C with 30 min of exposure. The sprayer type, the initial temperature of the spray mixture and the temperature increment during the trials significantly decreased the number of CFU recovered. When simulating a spray application, the spray mixture temperature increase rate was determined mainly by the residual amount of spray mixture in the tank. Even if the tank capacity does not substantially affect the final temperature reached by the spray mixture, the higher residual spray mixture in bigger tanks can expose the BCAs for a longer time to critical temperatures. CONCLUSIONS Experimental trials allowed us to identify the effect of factors affecting the viability of tested BCAs, providing information about the actual chance to guarantee the biological efficacy of BCA treatments. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grella
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gioelli
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Marucco
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ingrid Zwertvaegher
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Eric Mozzanini
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marco Pittarello
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Balsari
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Spyros Fountas
- Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - David Nuyttens
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Monica Mezzalama
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Massimo Pugliese
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
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Kenfaoui J, Radouane N, Mennani M, Tahiri A, El Ghadraoui L, Belabess Z, Fontaine F, El Hamss H, Amiri S, Lahlali R, Barka EA. A Panoramic View on Grapevine Trunk Diseases Threats: Case of Eutypa Dieback, Botryosphaeria Dieback, and Esca Disease. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060595. [PMID: 35736078 PMCID: PMC9224927 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are currently one of the most devastating and challenging diseases in viticulture, leading to considerable yield losses and a remarkable decline in grapevine quality. The identification of the causal agents is the cornerstone of an efficient approach to fighting against fungal diseases in a sustainable, non-chemical manner. This review attempts to describe and expose the symptoms of each pathology related to GTD, the modes of transmission, and the harmfulness of recently reported agents. Special attention was given to new diagnostic tests and technologies, grapevine defense mechanisms, molecular mechanisms of endophytes fungal colonization, and management strategies used to control these threats. The present extended review is, therefore, an updated state-of-the-art report on the progress in the management of vineyards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Kenfaoui
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez 30500, Morocco;
| | - Nabil Radouane
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez 30500, Morocco;
| | - Mohammed Mennani
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Abdessalem Tahiri
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Lahsen El Ghadraoui
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 2202, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez 30500, Morocco;
| | - Zineb Belabess
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Oujda, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Mohamed VI, BP428 Oujda, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Florence Fontaine
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-Protection des Plantes-EA 4707 USC INRAE 1488, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France;
| | - Hajar El Hamss
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Said Amiri
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
| | - Rachid Lahlali
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Meknes 50001, Morocco; (J.K.); (N.R.); (M.M.); (A.T.); (H.E.H.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (E.A.B.); Tel.: +212-55-30-02-39 (R.L.); +33-3-2691-3441 (E.A.B.)
| | - Essaid Ait Barka
- Unité de Recherche Résistance Induite et Bio-Protection des Plantes-EA 4707 USC INRAE 1488, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51100 Reims, France;
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (E.A.B.); Tel.: +212-55-30-02-39 (R.L.); +33-3-2691-3441 (E.A.B.)
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Hamrouni R, Dupuy N, Karachurina A, Mitropoulou G, Kourkoutas Y, Molinet J, Maiga Y, Roussos S. Biotechnological potential of Zymotis-2 bioreactor for the cultivation of filamentous fungi. Biotechnol J 2021; 17:e2100288. [PMID: 34599625 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM A new prototype of Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactor, namely "Zymotis-2 ",was developed to produce fungal spores. MAIN METHODS AND MAJOR RESULTS A fermentation process for fungal spores, and hydrolase enzymes (endo and exoglucanases, amylases) production by Trichoderma asperellum DWG3, Aspergillus niger G131 and Beauveria bassiana was scaled-up from flasks and glass Raimbault column packed with 20 g of solid substrates (dry weight) to 5 kg of solid substrate by using the new Zymotis-2 bioreactor. Fungi strains growth using a mix of vine shoots, wheat bran, and olive pomace was tested under similar experimental conditions in Zymotis-2 bioreactor, column bioreactor and flasks in a parallel fermentation system. Overall, significant spore production on Zymotis-2 bioreactor was obtained, achieving 22.01 ± 0.01×109 spores/g DM 16.30 ± 0.07 × 109 spores/g DM, and 3.30 ± 0.07 × 109 spores/g DM for B. bassiana, T. asperellum DWG3, and A. niger G131, respectively. Forced aeration increased the endoglucanases, exoglucanases and amylases activities for T. asperellum DWG3 but B. bassiana and A. niger G131 were affected negatively by the aerated process, showing the lowest enzyme activities. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In conclusion, a high yield of spores was obtained at 137 h of cultivation time, confirming the validity of the new Zymotis-2 bioreactor to produce virulent spores at low cost by T. asperellum, B. bassiana and A. niger G131.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayhane Hamrouni
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.,Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Nathalie Dupuy
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Alina Karachurina
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Gregoria Mitropoulou
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Alexandroupolis, GR 68100, Greece
| | - Yiannis Kourkoutas
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Alexandroupolis, GR 68100, Greece
| | - Josiane Molinet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Ynoussa Maiga
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie Microbienne, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Mulatu A, Alemu T, Megersa N, Vetukuri RR. Optimization of Culture Conditions and Production of Bio-Fungicides from Trichoderma Species under Solid-State Fermentation Using Mathematical Modeling. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1675. [PMID: 34442753 PMCID: PMC8400879 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Agro-industrial wastes suitable for economical and high mass production of novel Trichoderma species under solid-state fermentation were identified by optimizing the culture conditions using a mathematical model and evaluating the viability of the formulated bio-product. Fourteen inexpensive, locally available, organic substrates and cereals were examined using a one-factor-at-a-time experiment. The fungus colonized nearly all substrates after 21 days of incubation, although the degree of colonization and conidiation varied among the substrates. A mixture of wheat bran and white rice (2:1 w/w) was found to support maximum growth of T. asperellum AU131 (3.2 × 107 spores/g dry substrate) and T. longibrachiatum AU158 (3.5 × 107 spores/g dry substrate). Using a fractional factorial design, the most significant growth factors influencing biomass production were found to be temperature, moisture content, inoculum concentration, and incubation period (p ≤ 0.05). Analysis of variance of a Box-Behnken design showed that the regression model was highly significant (p ≤ 0.05) with F-values of 10.38 (P = 0.0027, T. asperellum AU131) and 12.01 (p < 0.0017, T. longibrachiatum AU158). Under optimal conditions, maximum conidia yield of log10 (8.6) (T. asperellum AU131) and log10(9.18) (T. longibrachiatum) were obtained. For wettable powder Trichoderma species formulations, it was possible to maintain conidial viability at room temperature (25 °C) for eight months at concentrations above 106 CFU/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasa Mulatu
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia; (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Tesfaye Alemu
- Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia; (A.M.); (T.A.)
| | - Negussie Megersa
- Department of Chemistry, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia;
| | - Ramesh R. Vetukuri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
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Screening of Organic Substrates for Solid-State Fermentation, Viability and Bioefficacy of Trichoderma harzianum AS12-2, a Biocontrol Strain Against Rice Sheath Blight Disease. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10091258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to find the most suitable organic substrates for the biomass production, viability and efficacy of the biocontrol strain Trichoderma harzianum AS12-2 in the solid-state fermentation system. In total, 13 inexpensive, locally available substrates (agricultural wastes or by-products) were inoculated with the antagonist, and following one month of incubation at room temperature, all colonized substrates were air dried and ground to powder. The shelf life and viability of the Trichoderma strain were assessed as colony-forming units per gram (CFUs g−1) of each substrate on a monthly basis for up to one year at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) and in the refrigerator (4 °C). In order to find out the effect of the substrate on the bioefficacy of T. harzianum AS12-2, the biocontrol potential of the formulations was evaluated against rice sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. The results showed that the fungus colonized more or less all substrates after one month, although the degree of colonization and conidiation was different among the substrates, being especially high in broom sorghum grain, rice husk, rice straw, rice bran and sugar beet pulp. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the population in the substrates in “Month 0” showed that the effect of treatment was significant, and the means were significantly different. The maximum population was recorded for broom sorghum grain and rice straw (6.4 × 1010 and 5.3 × 1010 CFUs g−1, respectively). The population declined in all substrates after one year of incubation at room temperature. This decline was relatively smaller in broom sorghum grain, rice straw and rice husk. On the other hand, the population in the same substrate incubated in the refrigerator was decreased in a mild slope, and the final population was high. In addition, the results of greenhouse assay showed that all bioformulations were effective in controlling the disease, and there were no significant differences among the substrates. According to the results of this study, broom sorghum grain, rice husk, rice straw, sugar beet pulp and cow dung could be recommended as suitable fermentation media for the industrial-scale production of T. harzianum strains.
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Serna-Díaz MG, Mercado-Flores Y, Jiménez-González A, Anducho-Reyes MA, Medina-Marín J, Seck Tuoh-Mora JC, Téllez-Jurado A. Use of barley straw as a support for the production of conidiospores of Trichoderma harzianum. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 26:e00445. [PMID: 32280603 PMCID: PMC7139161 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Barley straw is an excellent support of conidiospores production. The addition of mineral salts substantially improves of conidiospores production. Pre-treating the barley straw with a water wash favors the conidiation process. 80 % humidity favors the conidiation of T. harzianum.
In this work was to evaluate the conidiospores production of Trichoderma harzianum using barley straw as substrate. Four growth conditions were used; washed and unwashed barley straw and washed and unwashed barley straw supplemented with mineral salts. The highest spore production was observed when washed barley straw supplemented with mineral salts with 1.56 × 1010 conidiospores/gram of dry matter (gdm) at 216 h of cultivation was used. The effect of substrate moisture on spore production was studied, three initial moisture levels of the substrate were tested and it was observed that a humidity of 80 % of the substrate improves the production of conidiospores reaching a concentration of 2.35 × 1010 conidiospores/gdm at 136 h. Finally, conidiospores viability was evaluated for 12 months by keeping them on the conidia and substrate, and viability of 71 % of the conidiospores was observed, so this maintenance method is an excellent means of conserving the conidiospores viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Serna-Díaz
- Engineering Department, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Km 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42184, Mineral De La Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Y Mercado-Flores
- Agrobiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, Km 20, ExHacienda De Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - A Jiménez-González
- Agrobiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, Km 20, ExHacienda De Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - M A Anducho-Reyes
- Agrobiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, Km 20, ExHacienda De Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - J Medina-Marín
- Engineering Department, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Km 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42184, Mineral De La Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - J C Seck Tuoh-Mora
- Engineering Department, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Km 4.5, Col. Carboneras, C.P. 42184, Mineral De La Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - A Téllez-Jurado
- Agrobiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carretera Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, Km 20, ExHacienda De Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Rayhane H, Josiane M, Gregoria M, Yiannis K, Nathalie D, Ahmed M, Sevastianos R. From flasks to single used bioreactor: Scale-up of solid state fermentation process for metabolites and conidia production by Trichoderma asperellum. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 252:109496. [PMID: 31605913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the increasing demand of biopesticides production to replace chemical pesticides which are excessively used has made solid state fermentation (SSF) technology the need of the hour. In spite of advantages, true potential of SSF process has not been fully realized at industrial scale. A fermentation process for 6-pentyl-a-pyrone (6 PP), conidia, and lytic enzymes (cellulases, lipase, amylase) production by Trichoderma asperellum TF1 was scaled-up from 250 mL flasks and glass Raimbault column packed with 20 g of solid substrates (dry weight) to 5 Kg of solid substrate by using a new plastic single used bioreactor. For column and single used bioreactor, the fermentation was done with the application of humid air during all the process however flasks are not hermetically closed that some oxygen could flow by diffusion. T. asperellum growth was investigated using a mixture of vine shoots, jatropha cake, olive pomace and olive oil as substrate in all systems in parallel at 25 °C during 7 days. Overall, the conditions applied on the single used bioreactor resulted in the optimum 6-PP production (7.36 ± 0.37 mg g DM-1), lipases (38.73 ± 0.21U/g DM), amylases (15.22 ± 0.13 U/g DM), and conidia production (8.55 ± 0.04 × 109 conidia/g DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamrouni Rayhane
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France; Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020, Ariana, Tunisia; Univ Tunis El Manar, FST, Campus Universitaire, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Molinet Josiane
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Mitropoulou Gregoria
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Alexandroupolis, GR, 68100, Greece
| | - Kourkoutas Yiannis
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, University Campus, Alexandroupolis, GR, 68100, Greece
| | - Dupuy Nathalie
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Masmoudi Ahmed
- Univ. Manouba, ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020, Ariana, Tunisia; Univ Tunis El Manar, FST, Campus Universitaire, Tunis, Tunisia
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De la Cruz-Quiroz R, Roussos S, Rodríguez-Herrera R, Hernandez-Castillo D, Aguilar CN. Growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phytophthora capsici by native Mexican Trichoderma strains. KARBALA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kijoms.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Grzegorczyk M, Kancelista A, Łaba W, Piegza M, Witkowska D. The effect of lyophilization and storage time on the survival rate and hydrolytic activity of Trichoderma strains. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2018; 63:433-441. [PMID: 29305688 PMCID: PMC5984645 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-017-0581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluates the survivability and storage stability of seven Trichoderma strains belonging to the species: T. harzianum (1), T. atroviride (4), and T. virens (2) after the lyophilization of their solid state cultures on wheat straw. Biomass of Trichoderma strains was freeze-dried with and without the addition of maltodextrin. Furthermore, in order to determine the ability of tested Trichoderma strains to preserve selected technological features, the biosynthesis of extracellular hydrolases (cellulases, xylanases, and polygalacturonases) after a 3-month storage of lyophilizates was investigated. Strains of T. atroviride (except TRS40) and T. harzianum TRS85 showed the highest viability after lyophilization process (up to 100%). After 3 months of storage, T. atroviride TRS14 exhibited the highest stability (95.23%); however, the number of active conidia remained at high level of 106–107 cfu/g for all tested T. atroviride strains and T. harzianum TRS85. Interestingly, after a 3-month storage of lyophilized formulations, most of the tested Trichoderma strains exhibited higher cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities compared to the control, i.e., before freeze-drying process. The highest activities of these enzymes exhibited the following: T. atroviride TRS14–2.37 U/g and T. atroviride TRS25–21.47 U/g, respectively, whereas pectinolytic activity was weak for all tested strains, with the highest value of 0.64 U/g registered for T. virens TRS109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Grzegorczyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Kancelista
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Łaba
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Piegza
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Danuta Witkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
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11
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Doni F, Zain CRCM, Isahak A, Fathurrahman F, Anhar A, Mohamad WNW, Yusoff WMW, Uphoff N. A simple, efficient, and farmer-friendly Trichoderma-based biofertilizer evaluated with the SRI Rice Management System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13165-017-0185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Li YQ, Song K, Li YC, Chen J. Statistical culture-based strategies to enhance chlamydospore production by Trichoderma harzianum SH2303 in liquid fermentation. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2017; 17:619-27. [PMID: 27487807 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1500226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma-based formulations are applied as commercial biocontrol agents for soil-borne plant pathogens. Chlamydospores are active propagules in Trichoderma spp., but their production is currently limited due to a lack of optimal liquid fermentation technology. In this study, we explored response surface methodologies for optimizing fermentation technology in Trichoderma SH2303. Our initial studies, using the Plackett-Burman design, identified cornmeal, glycerol, and initial pH levels as the most significant factors (P<0.05) for enhancing the production of chlamydospores. Subsequently, we applied the Box-Behnken design to study the interactions between, and optimal levels of, a number of factors in chlamydospore production. These statistically predicted results indicated that the highest number of chlamydospores (3.6×10(8) spores/ml) would be obtained under the following condition: corn flour 62.86 g/L, glycerol 7.54 ml/L, pH 4.17, and 6-d incubation in liquid fermentation. We validated these predicted values via three repeated experiments using the optimal culture and achieved maximum chlamydospores of 4.5×10(8) spores/ml, which approximately a 8-fold increase in the number of chlamydospores produced by T. harzianum SH2303 compared with that before optimization. These optimized values could help make chlamydospore production cost-efficient in the future development of novel biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kai Song
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ya-Chai Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071100, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 200240, China
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13
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Bernal-Vicente A, Pascual JA, Tittarelli F, Hernández JA, Diaz-Vivancos P. Trichoderma harzianum T-78 supplementation of compost stimulates the antioxidant defence system in melon plants. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2015; 95:2208-2214. [PMID: 25255983 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compost is emerging as an alternative plant growing medium in efforts to achieve more sustainable agriculture. The addition of specific microorganisms such as Trichoderma harzianum to plant growth substrates increases yields and reduces plant diseases, but the mechanisms of such biostimulants and the biocontrol effects are not yet fully understood. In this work we investigated how the addition of citrus and vineyard composts, either alone or in combination with T. harzianum T-78, affects the antioxidant defence system in melon plants under nursery conditions. RESULTS Compost application and/or Trichoderma inoculation modulated the antioxidant defence system in melon plants. The combination of citrus compost and Trichoderma showed a biostimulant effect that correlated with an increase in ascorbate recycling enzymes (monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase) and peroxidase. Moreover, the inoculation of both composts with Trichoderma increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, especially those involved in ascorbate recycling. CONCLUSION Based on the long-established relationship between ascorbic acid and plant defence responses as well as plant growth and development, it can be suggested that ascorbate recycling activities play a major role in the protection provided by Trichoderma and its biostimulant effect and that these outcomes are linked to increases in antioxidant enzymes. We can conclude that the combination of citrus compost and T. harzianum T-78 constitutes a viable, environmentally friendly strategy for improving melon plant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Bernal-Vicente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Pascual
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fabio Tittarelli
- Centro per la Ricerca e la sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di ricerca per lo studio delle relazioni tra pianta e suolo (CRA-RPS), via della Navicella, 2, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - José A Hernández
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Diaz-Vivancos
- Fruit Tree Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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14
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Zhang M, Li R, Cao L, Shi J, Liu H, Huang Y, Shen Q. Algal sludge from Taihu Lake can be utilized to create novel PGPR-containing bio-organic fertilizers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 132:230-236. [PMID: 24321283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of refloated algal sludge from Taihu Lake result in secondary environmental pollution due to annual refloatation. This study investigated the possibility to produce bio-organic fertilizer (BIO) using algal sludge as a solid-state fermentation (SSF) medium. Results showed that addition of algal sludge contributed to efficient SFF by a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strain SQR9 and improved the nutrient contents in the novel BIO. The optimum water content and initial inoculation size were 45% and 5%, respectively. After 6 days of SSF, the biomass of strain SQR9 was increased to a cell density of more than 5 × 10(7) CFU g(-1). Microcystins were rapidly degraded, and a high germination index value was observed. Plant growth experiments showed that the produced BIO efficiently promoted plant growth. Additional testing showed that the novel SSF process was also suitable for other PGPR strains. This study provides a novel way of high-value utilization of algal sludge from Taihu Lake by producing low-cost but high-quality BIOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Liangliang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qirong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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15
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Singh B, Singh A, Singh B, Singh H. Trichoderma harzianum
elicits induced resistance in sunflower challenged by Rhizoctonia solani. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 116:654-66. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B.N. Singh
- Department of Mycology & Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi India
| | - A. Singh
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi India
| | - B.R. Singh
- Department of Applied Physics, Z.H. College of Engg. & Tech., Centre of Excellence in Materials Science (Nanomaterials); Aligarh Muslim University; Aligarh India
| | - H.B. Singh
- Department of Mycology & Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi India
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16
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Singh PC, Nautiyal CS. A novel method to prepare concentrated conidial biomass formulation of Trichoderma harzianum for seed application. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 113:1442-50. [PMID: 22897244 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To prepare concentrated formulation of Trichoderma harzianum MTCC-3841 (NBRI-1055) with high colony forming units (CFU), long shelf life and efficient in root colonization by a simple scrapping method. METHODS AND RESULTS NBRI-1055 spores scrapped from potato dextrose agar plates were used to prepare a concentrated formulation after optimizing carrier material, moisture content and spore harvest time. The process provides an advantage of maintaining optimum moisture level by the addition of water rather than dehydration. The formulation had an initial 11-12 log(10) CFU g(-1). Its concentrated form reduces its application amount by 100 times (10 g 100 kg(-1) seed) and provides 3-4 log(10) CFU seed(-1). Shelf life of the product was experimentally determined at 30 and 40 °C and predicted at other temperatures following Arrhenius equation. The concentrated formulation as compared to similar products provides an extra advantage of smaller packaging for storage and transportation, cutting down product cost. Seed application of the formulation recorded significant increase in plant growth promotion. CONCLUSIONS Stable and effective formulation of Trichoderma harzianum NBRI-1055 was obtained by a simple scrapping method. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY A new method for the production of concentrated, stable, effective and cost efficient formulation of T. harzianum has been validated for seed application.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Singh
- Division of Plant-Microbe Interactions, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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17
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Chen L, Yang X, Raza W, Luo J, Zhang F, Shen Q. Solid-state fermentation of agro-industrial wastes to produce bioorganic fertilizer for the biocontrol of Fusarium wilt of cucumber in continuously cropped soil. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:3900-3910. [PMID: 21190841 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Agro-industrial wastes of cattle dung, vinegar-production residue and rice straw were solid-state fermented by inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 (SQR-T037) for production of bioorganic fertilizers containing SQR-T037 and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PAP) to control Fusarium wilt of cucumber in a continuously cropped soil. Fermentation days, temperature, inoculum and vinegar-production residue demonstrated significant effects on the SQR-T037 biomass and the yield of 6PAP, based on fractional factorial design. Three optimum conditions for producing the maximum SQR-T037 biomass and 6PAP yield were predicted by central composite design and validated. Bioorganic fertilizer containing 8.46 log(10) ITS copies g(-1) dry weight of SQR-T037 and 1291.73 mg kg(-1) dry weight of 6PAP, and having the highest (p<0.05) biocontrol efficacy, was achieved at 36.7 fermentation days, 25.9°C temperature, 7.6% inoculum content, 41.0% vinegar-production residue, 20.0% rice straw and 39.0% cattle dung. This is a way to offer a high value-added use for agro-industrial wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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