1
|
An update on the review of microbial synthesis of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:93. [PMID: 36754899 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03531-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) is a natural amino monosaccharide in which a hydroxyl group of glucose is substituted by an amino group. It belongs to functional amino sugar compounds. In the traditional preparation process, GlcN and GlcNAc are obtained by hydrolyzing the cell wall of shrimp and crab. There are many potential problems with this method, such as geographical and seasonal restrictions on the supply of raw materials, serious environmental pollution and potential allergic reactions. Microbial fermentation has the advantages of mild conditions, low environmental pollution, high production intensity, and product safety. It can effectively solve the problem of shrimp and crab hydrolysis process, attracting many researchers to participate in the research of microbial fermentation production of GlcN. This paper mainly summarizes the research on strain construction method, metabolic pathway design and fermentation condition optimization in microbial fermentation, which has certain guiding significance for the further production, research and production of glucosamine.
Collapse
|
2
|
Soni T, Zhuang M, Kumar M, Balan V, Ubanwa B, Vivekanand V, Pareek N. Multifaceted production strategies and applications of glucosamine: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:100-120. [PMID: 34923890 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2003750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) and its derivatives are in high demand and used in various applications such as food, a precursor for the biochemical synthesis of fuels and chemicals, drug delivery, cosmetics, and supplements. The vast number of applications attributed to GlcN has raised its demand, and there is a growing emphasis on developing production methods that are sustainable and economical. Several: physical, chemical, enzymatic, microbial fermentation, recombinant processing methods, and their combinations have been reported to produce GlcN from chitin and chitosan available from different sources, such as animals, plants, and fungi. In addition, genetic manipulation of certain organisms has significantly improved the quality and yield of GlcN compared to conventional processing methods. This review will summarize the chitin and chitosan-degrading enzymes found in various organisms and the expression systems that are widely used to produce GlcN. Furthermore, new developments and methods, including genetic and metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis to produce high titers of GlcN and GlcNAc will be reviewed. Moreover, other sources of glucosamine production viz. starch and inorganic ammonia will also be discussed. Finally, the conversion of GlcN to fuels and chemicals using catalytic and biochemical conversion will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Twinkle Soni
- Microbial Catalysis and Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Mengchuan Zhuang
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, USA
| | - Manish Kumar
- Microbial Catalysis and Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, USA
| | - Bryan Ubanwa
- Department of Engineering Technology, College of Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, USA
| | - Vivekanand Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India
| | - Nidhi Pareek
- Microbial Catalysis and Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8030317. [PMID: 35330319 PMCID: PMC8950489 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable substitutes for leather can be made from mushroom mycelium, which is an environmentally friendly alternative to animal and synthetic leather. Mycelium-based leather is derived from Polyporales, in which lignocellulosic material is used as the substrate. The plasticizing and crosslinking of mycelial mats with various reagents might affect the leather properties and mycelial architecture. This study investigated the physicochemical and mechanical properties of mycelium-based leather (MBL) samples, including the hygroscopic nature, thermal stability, cell wall chemistry, density, micromorphology, tensile strength, elongation rate, and Young’s modulus. Micromorphological observations confirmed the mycelial networks and their binding performance, verifying their efficacy as a substitute leather. The most significant effects were observed after treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol, which resulted in an increase in Young’s modulus and tensile strength. Furthermore, the samples generally exhibited a high density (1.35, 1.46 g/cm3) and tensile strength (7.21 ± 0.93, 8.49 ± 0.90 MPa), resembling leather. The tear strength reached as low as 0.5–0.8 N/mm. However, the tensile and tear strength may be affected by leather processing and the tuning of mycelial growth. Nevertheless, high-density mycelia are shown to be suitable for the production of MBL, while mycofabrication and strain selection are sustainable for novel industrial applications of MBL.
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Z, Mao X, Lv X, Sun G, Zhang H, Lu W, Liu Y, Li J, Du G, Liu L. Engineering diacetylchitobiose deacetylase from Pyrococcus horikoshii towards an efficient glucosamine production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:125241. [PMID: 33964814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, semi-rational design based on site-directed saturation mutagenesis and surface charge modification was used to improve the catalytic efficiency of the diacetylchitobiose deacetylase derived from Pyrococcus horikoshii (PhDac). PhDac mutant M14, which was screened by site-directed saturation mutagenesis, showed a ~ 2.21 -fold enhanced catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) and the specific activity was improved by 70.02%. To keep the stability of glucosamine (GlcN), we reduced the optimal pH of M14 by modifying the surface charge from -35 to -59 to obtain mutant M20, whose specific activity reached 2 -fold of the wild-type. The conversion rate of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to GlcN catalyzed by M20 reached 94.3%. Moreover, the decline of GlcN production was slowed down by the reduction of pH when temperature was higher than 50 ℃. Our results would accelerate the process of industrial production of GlcN by biocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinzhu Mao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guoyun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Shandong Runde Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Shandong Runde Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tong Z, Tong Y, Wang D, Shi Y. Whole Maize Flour and Isolated Maize Starch for Production of Citric Acid by
Aspergillus niger
: A Review. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Tong
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA
| | - Yi Tong
- COFCO Biochemical (Anhui) Co., Ltd Bengbu 233000 P. R. China
| | - Donghai Wang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA
| | - Yong‐Cheng Shi
- Department of Grain Science and Industry Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dong Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Ma J, Lei P, Xu H, Li S. Enhancing ectoine production by recombinant Escherichia coli through step-wise fermentation optimization strategy based on kinetic analysis. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:1557-1566. [PMID: 33751211 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the recombinant ectoine-producing Escherichia coli ET01 was constructed by introducing the ectABC operon from Halomonas venusta ZH. To further improve ectoine production, the regulation of the fermentation process was systematically investigated. First, the effects of the initial glucose concentrations and glucose feeding mode on ectoine production were analyzed. Using a combination of pH-feedback feeding and glucose-controlled feeding, the ectoine titer reached 25.5 g/L, representing an 8.8-fold increase over standard batch culture. Then, the effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (50, 40, 30, or 20%) on ectoine production were studied, and a DO control strategy was developed based on the fermentation kinetics. When the final optimized two-stage fermentation strategy was used, the ectoine titer reached 47.8 g/L, which was the highest level of ectoine produced by E. coli fermentation. The fermentation regulation strategy developed in this study might be useful for scaling up the commercial production of ectoine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingsheng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - XinYi Wang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - JunJie Ma
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Lei
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Yu J, Wu Y, Li M, Zhao Y, Zhu H, Chen C, Wang M, Chen B, Tan T. Efficient production of chemicals from microorganism by metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
8
|
Liu E, Wilkins MR. Process optimization and scale-up production of fungal aryl alcohol oxidase from genetically modified Aspergillus nidulans in stirred-tank bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123792. [PMID: 32659422 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbial production of aryl alcohol oxidase (AAO) has attracted increasing attention due to the central role of AAO in enzymatic lignin depolymerization. However, large-scale production of AAO has not been reached because of the low yield and inefficient fermentation process. This study aims to optimize the process parameters and scale-up production of AAO using Aspergillus nidulans in a stirred-tank bioreactor. Effects of pH and dissolved oxygen on AAO production at bioreactor scale were particularly investigated. Results revealed that pH control significantly affected protein production and increasing dissolved oxygen level stimulated AAO production. The greatest AAO activity (1906 U/L) and protein concentration (1.19 g/L) were achieved in 48 h at 60% dissolved oxygen with pH controlled at 6.0. The yield and productivity (in 48 h) were 31.2 U/g maltose and 39.7 U/L/h, respectively. In addition, crude AAO was concentrated and partially purified by ultrafiltration and verified by protein identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enshi Liu
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Mark R Wilkins
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Industrial Agricultural Products Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Coussement P, Bauwens D, Peters G, Maertens J, De Mey M. Mapping and refactoring pathway control through metabolic and protein engineering: The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 40:107512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
10
|
Categories and biomanufacturing methods of glucosamine. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7883-7889. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
11
|
Deng C, Lv X, Liu Y, Li J, Lu W, Du G, Liu L. Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114 based on whole-genome sequencing for efficient N-acetylglucosamine synthesis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2019; 4:120-129. [PMID: 31198861 PMCID: PMC6558094 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) and its acetylated derivative N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) are widely used in the pharmaceutical industries. Here, we attempted to achieve efficient production of GlcNAc via genomic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Specifically, we ligated the GNA1 gene, which converts GlcN-6-phosphate to GlcNAc-6-phosphate by transferring the acetyl group in Acetyl-CoA to the amino group of GlcN-6-phosphate, into the plasmid pJYW4 and then transformed this recombinant vector into the C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, ATCC 13869, ATCC 14067, and S9114 strains, and we assessed the GlcNAc titers at 0.5 g/L, 1.2 g/L, 0.8 g/L, and 3.1 g/L from each strain, respectively. This suggested that there were likely to be significant differences among the key genes in the glutamate and GlcNAc synthesis pathways of these C. glutamicum strains. Therefore, we performed whole genome sequencing of the S9114 strain, which has not been previously published, and found that there are many differences among the genes in the glutamate and GlcNAc synthesis pathways among the four strains tested. Next, nagA (encoding GlcNAc-6-phosphate deacetylase) and gamA (encoding GlcN-6-phosphate deaminase) were deleted in C. glutamicum S9114 to block the catabolism of intracellular GlcNAc, leading to a 54.8% increase in GlcNAc production (from 3.1 to 4.8 g/L) when grown in a shaker flask. In addition, lactate synthesis was blocked by knockout of ldh (encoding lactate dehydrogenase); thus, further increasing the GlcNAc titer to 5.4 g/L. Finally, we added a key gene of the GlcN synthetic pathway, glmS, from different sources into the expression vector pJYW-4-ceN, and the resulting recombinant strain CGGN2-GNA1-CgglmS produced the GlcNAc titer of 6.9 g/L. This is the first report concerning the metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum, and the results of this study provide a good starting point for further metabolic engineering to achieve industrial-scale production of GlcNAc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Shandong Runde Biotechnology CO., LTD, Taian, 271200, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Artmann DJ, Amrain W, Murauer A, Ganzera M, Vrabl P, Schinagl CW, Burgstaller W. Critical evaluation of a putative glucosamine excretion by Aspergillus niger CBS120.49 and Penicillium ochrochloron CBS123.824 under citric acid producing conditions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7496. [PMID: 31097735 PMCID: PMC6522597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most frequently occurring monomers in the biosphere, glucosamine is a valuable metabolite for several applications. Although microbial glucosamine production is still in its infancy, it offers the possibility to circumvent problems associated with traditional production by hydrolysis. Of particular interest is a study with Aspergillus niger, which reports for the first time high glucosamine excretion in the early phase of citric acid production. These results have relevance for both the commercial glucosamine production and deeper insight into the regulation of organic acid excretion in fungi. To investigate glucosamine excretion, we performed bioreactor batch cultivations with Penicillium ochrochloron CBS123.824 and A. niger CBS120.49 using cultivation conditions which are known to trigger the production of citric acid. Glucosamine detection in culture filtrates was achieved by two photometric methods, High performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) and HPLC with mass spectrometry detection (HPLC-MS). Surprisingly, we detected no glucosamine at all. Based on a critical review of published data for A. niger, we conclude that the reported high levels of excreted glucosamine might be an experimental artifact. However, growth experiments with glucosamine as a combined or single source for carbon or nitrogen showed that both organisms are in principle able to transport glucosamine across their plasma membrane, which is a prerequisite for the excretion of glucosamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Josefine Artmann
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Werner Amrain
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Adele Murauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Ganzera
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pamela Vrabl
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Wolfgang Burgstaller
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun Z, Li C, Li L, Nie L, Dong Q, Li D, Gao L, Zang H. Study on feasibility of determination of glucosamine content of fermentation process using a micro NIR spectrometer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 201:153-160. [PMID: 29747085 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) is a microbial fermentation product, and NIR spectroscopy is an effective process analytical technology (PAT) tool in detecting the key quality attribute: the GlcNAc content. Meanwhile, the design of NIR spectrometers is under the trend of miniaturization, portability and low-cost nowadays. The aim of this study was to explore a portable micro NIR spectrometer with the fermentation process. First, FT-NIR spectrometer and Micro-NIR 1700 spectrometer were compared with simulated fermentation process solutions. The Rc2, Rp2, RMSECV and RMSEP of the optimal FT-NIR and Micro-NIR 1700 models were 0.999, 0.999, 3.226 g/L, 1.388 g/L and 0.999, 0.999, 1.821 g/L, 0.967 g/L. Passing-Bablok regression method and paired t-test results showed there were no significant differences between the two instruments. Then the Micro-NIR 1700 was selected for the practical fermentation process, 135 samples from 10 batches were collected. Spectral pretreatment methods and variables selection methods (BiPLS, FiPLS, MWPLS and CARS-PLS) for PLS modeling were discussed. The Rc2, Rp2, RMSECV and RMSEP of the optimal GlcNAc content PLS model of the practical fermentation process were 0.994, 0.995, 2.792 g/L and 1.946 g/L. The results have a positive reference for application of the Micro-NIR spectrometer. To some extent, it could provide theoretical supports in guiding the microbial fermentation or the further assessment of bioprocess.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Can Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Lian Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Lei Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qin Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Danyang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Lingling Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Hengchang Zang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Wenhuaxi Road 44, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bao J, Liu N, Zhu L, Xu Q, Huang H, Jiang L. Programming a Biofilm-Mediated Multienzyme-Assembly-Cascade System for the Biocatalytic Production of Glucosamine from Chitin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8061-8068. [PMID: 29989414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitin is used as an essential raw material for the production of glucosamine (GlcN). In this study, we adopted three key enzymes, isolated from Thermococcus kodakaraensis KOD1, that catalyze the sequential conversion of α-chitin into GlcN and developed a multienzyme-assembly-cascade (MAC) system immobilized in a bacterial biofilm, which enabled a multistep one-pot reaction. Specifically, the SpyTag-SpyCatcher and SnoopTag-SnoopCatcher pairs provided covalent and specific binding force to fix enzymes to the biofilm one by one and assemble close enzyme cascades. The MAC system showed great catalytic activity, converting 79.02 ± 3.61% of α-chitin into GlcN with little byproducts, which was 2.09 times that of GlcN catalyzed by a mixture of pure enzymes. The system also exhibited good temperature and pH stability. Notably, 90% of enzyme activity was retained after 6 rounds of reuse, and appreciable activity remained after 17 rounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Bao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Nian Liu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Zhu
- College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - He Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ling M, Liu Y, Li J, Shin HD, Chen J, Du G, Liu L. Combinatorial promoter engineering of glucokinase and phosphoglucoisomerase for improved N-acetylglucosamine production in Bacillus subtilis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:1093-1102. [PMID: 28946392 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In previous work, a recombinant Bacillus subtilis strain was successfully constructed for microbial production of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In this study, GlcNAc titer was further improved by combinatorial promoter engineering of key genes glck encoding glucokinase and pgi encoding phosphoglucoisomerase. First, three promoters including constitutive promoter P43, xylose inducible promoter PxylA, and isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside inducible Pgrac were used to replace the native promoters of glcK and pgi, yielding 12 recombinant strains. It was found that when glcK and pgi were both under the control of promoter PxylA, the highest GlcNAc titer in 3-L fed-batch bioreactor reached 35.12g/L, which was 52.6% higher than that of the initial host. Next, the transcriptional levels of the related genes in glycolysis, GlcNAc synthesis pathway, peptidoglycan synthesis pathway, and pentose phosphate pathway were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Fine-tuning upper GlcNAc synthesis pathway by combinatorial promoter substitution significantly enhanced GlcNAc production in engineered B. subtilis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meixi Ling
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hyun-Dong Shin
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang P, Roytrakul S, Sutheerawattananonda M. Production and purification of glucosamine and angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from mushroom hydrolysates. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
|
17
|
Wang B, Li H, Zhu L, Tan F, Li Y, Zhang L, Ding Z, Shi G. High-efficient production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger from high concentration of substrate based on the staged-addition glucoamylase strategy. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 40:891-899. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Enhancing production of lipase MAS1 from marine Streptomyces sp. strain in Pichia pastoris by chaperones co-expression. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
19
|
Bai N, Wang S, Abuduaini R, Zhu X, Zhao Y. Isolation and characterization of Sphingomonas sp. Y2 capable of high-efficiency degradation of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12019-12029. [PMID: 26961533 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6413-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol polyethoxylates (NPEOs), although banned for decades, are still widely used in manufactories and thus affect human lives. In this study, a highly efficient NPEO-degrading bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. Y2, was isolated from sewage sludge by enrichment culture. Strain Y2 ensured the complete removal of NPEO in 48 h and degraded 99.2 % NPEO (1,000 mg L(-1)) within 30 h at a specific growth rate of 0.73 h(-1) in minimum salt medium. To date, this degradation efficiency is the highest reported for NPEO metabolism by a pure bacterium under this condition. Furthermore, the application of this bacterium to wastewater treatment demonstrated that it metabolized 98.5 % NPEO (1,000 mg L(-1)) within 5 days with a specific growth rate of 2.03 day(-1). The degradation intermediates, identified as nonylphenol, short-chain NPEOs and short-chain nonylphenol polyethoxycarboxylates by high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, indicated the sequential exo-cleavage of the EO chain. Additionally, the enzymes involved in the biodegradation were inducible rather than constitutive. Considering that strain Y2 exhibits prominent biodegradation advantages in industrial wastewater treatment, it might serve as a promising potential candidate for in situ bioremediation of contamination by NPEOs and other structurally similar compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naling Bai
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Rexiding Abuduaini
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xufen Zhu
- Institute of Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhu Y, Liu Y, Li J, Shin HD, Du G, Liu L, Chen J. An optimal glucose feeding strategy integrated with step-wise regulation of the dissolved oxygen level improves N-acetylglucosamine production in recombinant Bacillus subtilis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 177:387-392. [PMID: 25499147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In our previous work, a recombinant Bacillus subtilis strain for the microbial production of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) was constructed through modular pathway engineering. In this study, to enhance GlcNAc production, glucose feeding approaches and dissolved oxygen (DO) control methods in fed-batch culture were systematically investigated. We first studied the effects of different glucose feeding strategies, including exponential fed-batch culture, pulse fed-batch culture, constant rate fed-batch culture, and glucose control (5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L) fed-batch culture, on cell growth and GlcNAc synthesis. We found that GlcNAc production in glucose control (5 g/L) fed-batch culture reached 26.58 g/L, which was 3.10 times that in batch culture. Next, the effect of DO level (20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) on GlcNAc production was investigated, and a step-wise DO control strategy (0-7 h, 30%; 7-15 h, 50%; 15-50 h, 40%; 50-72 h, 30%) was introduced. With the optimal glucose and DO control strategy, GlcNAc production reached 35.77 g/L, which was 4.17 times the production in batch culture without DO control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Hyun-dong Shin
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, USA
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang S, Li P, Su J, Liang R, Wu X. Enhanced Glucosamine Production with Actinomucor elegans Based on Stimulating Factor of Methanol. Indian J Microbiol 2014; 54:459-65. [PMID: 25320446 PMCID: PMC4186940 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-014-0485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) is a major and valuable component in the cell wall of fungi. In this study, the cell wall was treated via a two-stage alkali and acid process, and chitin and chitosan were fully deacetylated, partially depolymerized, and converted to GlcN oligosaccharides. Then, the oligosaccharides were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The influences of Actinomucor elegans on GlcN production in a flask culture were investigated to achieve an optimum yield of GlcN. The experimental result showed that cultivation in condition of pH 6.0, 100 mL working volume (500 mL flask), 10 % (v/v) inoculum concentration, at 28 °C and 200 rpm for 6 days yielded highest dry cell weight (DCW) which was 23.43 g L(-1), with a GlcN concentration of 5.12 g L(-1). Methanol as stimulating factor was found to exert the best effect in concentration of 1.5 % (v/v). With addition of methanol into medium, the DCW increased from 23.69 to 32.42 g L(-1), leading to maximum GlcN concentration of 6.85 g L(-1) obtained. Here, the methanol addition may be useful for industrial production of GlcN, and may also be meaningful for the production of other fine chemicals by filamentous fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Piwu Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Jing Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Rongrong Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Xiangkun Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353 China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bottegoni C, Muzzarelli RA, Giovannini F, Busilacchi A, Gigante A. Oral chondroprotection with nutraceuticals made of chondroitin sulphate plus glucosamine sulphate in osteoarthritis. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 109:126-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
23
|
Spatial modulation of key pathway enzymes by DNA-guided scaffold system and respiration chain engineering for improved N-acetylglucosamine production by Bacillus subtilis. Metab Eng 2014; 24:61-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
24
|
Liu Y, Zhu Y, Li J, Shin HD, Chen RR, Du G, Liu L, Chen J. Modular pathway engineering of Bacillus subtilis for improved N-acetylglucosamine production. Metab Eng 2014; 23:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
25
|
Liu Y, Liu L, Shin HD, Chen RR, Li J, Du G, Chen J. Pathway engineering of Bacillus subtilis for microbial production of N-acetylglucosamine. Metab Eng 2013; 19:107-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
26
|
Microbial production of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine: advances and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:6149-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|