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Zhang Y, Ren H, Li B, Udin SM, Maarof H, Zhou W, Cheng F, Yang J, Liu Y, Alias H, Duan E. Mechanistic insights into the lignin dissolution behavior in amino acid based deep eutectic solvents. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124829. [PMID: 37210053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed by amino acids (L-arginine, L-proline, L-alanine) as the hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and carboxylic acids (formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, levulinic acid) as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) were prepared and used for the dissolution of dealkaline lignin (DAL). The mechanism of lignin dissolution in DESs was explored at molecular level by combining the analysis of Kamlet-Taft (K-T) solvatochromic parameters, FTIR spectrum and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of DESs. Firstly, it was found that the formation of new hydrogen bonds between lignin and DESs mainly drove the dissolution of lignin, which were accompanied by the erosion of hydrogen bond networks in both lignin and DESs. The nature of hydrogen bond network within DESs was fundamentally determined by the type and number of functional groups in both HBA and HBD, which affected its ability to form hydrogen bond with lignin. One hydroxyl group and carboxyl group in HBDs provided active protons, which facilitated proton-catalyzed cleavage of β-O-4, thus enhancing the dissolution of DESs. The superfluous functional group resulted in more extensive and stronger hydrogen bond network in the DESs, thus decreasing the lignin dissolving ability. Moreover, it was found that lignin solubility had a closed positive correlation with the subtraction value of α and β (net hydrogen donating ability) of DESs. Among all the investigated DESs, L-alanine/formic acid (1:3) with the strong hydrogen-bond donating ability (acidity), weak hydrogen-bond accepting ability (basicity) and small steric-hindrance effect showed the best lignin dissolving ability (23.99 wt%, 60 °C). On top of that, the value of α and β of L-proline/carboxylic acids DESs showed some positive correlation with the global electrostatic potential (ESP) maxima and minima of the corresponding DESs respectively, indicating the analysis of ESP quantitative distributions of DESs could be an effective tool for DESs screening and design for lignin dissolution as well as other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China.
| | - Baochai Li
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Department of Applied Chemistry, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei 0530002, China
| | - Syarah Mat Udin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Hasmerya Maarof
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Zhou
- The State Grid Hebei Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
| | - Fengfei Cheng
- Hebei Pollutant Emission Rights Trading Service Center, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050026, China
| | - Jiaoruo Yang
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Yize Liu
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China
| | - Hajar Alias
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
| | - Erhong Duan
- Pollution Prevention Biotechnology Laboratory of Hebei Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, China.
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Zhang S, Wu C, Ma C, Li L, He YC. Transformation of bread waste into 2,5-furandimethanol via an efficient chemoenzymatic approach in a benign reaction system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 371:128579. [PMID: 36610484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Via combination catalysis with deep eutectic solvent lactic acid:betaine (chemocatalyst) and HMFOMUT cell (biocatalyst: E. coli HMFOMUT whole-cell), one-pot manufacture of 2,5-furandimethanol from waste bioresource was constructed in a chemoenzymatic approach. With bread waste (50 g/L) as substrate, the 5-hydroxymethylfuran yield reached 44.2 Cmol% (based on bread waste) by lactic acid:betaine (15 wt%) at 180 °C for 15 min. With glucose as co-substrate, HMFOMUT could transform 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (150 mM) to 2,5-furandimethanol (84.5 % yield) after 1 day at 37 °C and pH 7.0. In lactic acid:betaine-H2O, HMFOMUT effectively converted bread-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-furandimethanol in a productivity of 700 kg 2,5-furandimethanol per kg 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (230 kg 2,5-furandimethanol per kg bread). In an eco-friendly lactic acid:betaine system, an effective one-pot chemoenzymatic strategy was firstly developed to convert bread waste into 2,5-furandimethanol, which would reduce the operation cost and has potential application value for valorizing waste food bioresource into value-added furan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuiluan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Acidic and Basic Amino Acid-based Novel Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Role in Depolymerization of Lignin. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rahman MS, Roy R, Jadhav B, Hossain MN, Halim MA, Raynie DE. Formulation, structure, and applications of therapeutic and amino acid-based deep eutectic solvents: An overview. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Rapp C, Nidetzky B, Kratzer R. Pushing the limits: Cyclodextrin-based intensification of bioreductions. J Biotechnol 2020; 325:57-64. [PMID: 33220340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric reduction of ketones is a frequently used synthesis route towards chiral alcohols. Amongst available chemo- and biocatalysts the latter stand out in terms of product enantiopurity. Their application is, however, restricted by low reaction output, often rooted in limited enzyme stability under operational conditions. Here, addition of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin to bioreductions of o-chloroacetophenone enabled product concentrations of up to 29 % w/v at full conversion and 99.97 % e.e. The catalyst was an E. coli strain co-expressing NADH-dependent Candida tenuis xylose reductase and a yeast formate dehydrogenase for coenzyme recycling. Analysis of the lyophilized biocatalyst showed that E. coli cells were leaky with catalytic activity found as free-floating enzymes and associated with the biomass. The biocatalyst was stabilized and activated in the reaction mixture by 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Substitution of the wild-type xylose reductase by a D51A mutant further improved bioreductions. In previous optimization strategies, hexane was added as second phase to protect the labile catalyst from adverse effects of hydrophobic substrate and product. The addition of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (11 % w/v) instead of hexane (20 % v/v) increased the yield on biocatalyst 6.3-fold. A literature survey suggests that bioreduction enhancement by addition of cyclodextrins is not restricted to specific enzyme classes, catalyst forms or substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rapp
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria; Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (acib), Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Regina Kratzer
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 12, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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High-Efficient Production of ( S)-1-[3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanol via Whole-Cell Catalyst in Deep-Eutectic Solvent-Containing Micro-Aerobic Medium System. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081855. [PMID: 32316570 PMCID: PMC7221904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The ratio of substrate to catalyst (S/C) is a prime target for the application of asymmetric production of enantiomerically enriched intermediates by whole-cell biocatalyst. In the present study, an attractive increase in S/C was achieved in a natural deep-eutectic solvent (NADES) containing reaction system under microaerobic condition for high production of (S)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanol ((S)-3,5-BTPE) with Candida tropicalis 104. In PBS buffer (0.2 M, pH 8.0) at 200 rpm and 30 °C, 79.5 g (Dry Cell Weight, DCW)/L C. tropicalis 104 maintained the same yield of 73.7% for the bioreduction of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)acetophenone (BTAP) under an oxygen-deficient environment compared with oxygen-sufficient conditions, while substrate load increased 4.0-fold (from 50 mM to 200 mM). Furthermore, when choline chloride:trehalose (ChCl:T, 1:1 molar ratio) was introduced into the reaction system for its versatility of increasing cell membrane permeability and declining BTAP cytotoxicity to biocatalyst, the yields were further increased to 86.2% under 200 mM BTAP, or 72.9% at 300 mM BTAP. After the optimization of various reaction parameters involved in the bioreduction, and the amount of biocatalyst and maltose co-substrate remained 79.5 g (DCW)/L and 50 g/L, the S/C for the reduction elevated 6.3 times (3.8 mM/g versus 0.6 mM/g). By altering the respiratory pattern of the whole-cell biocatalyst and exploiting the ChCl:T-containing reaction system, the developed strategy exhibits an attractive potential for enhancing catalytic efficiency of whole-cell-mediated reduction, and provides valuable insight for the development of whole-cell catalysis.
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Chong G, Di J, Ma C, Wang D, Wang C, Wang L, Zhang P, Zhu J, He Y. Enhanced bioreduction synthesis of ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroybutanoate by alkalic salt pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 261:196-205. [PMID: 29660661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biomass-hydrolysate was used for enhancing the bioreduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE). Firstly, dilute alkalic salt pretreatment was attempted to pretreat bamboo shoot shell (BSS). It was found that enzymatic in situ hydrolysis of 20-50 g/L BSS pretreated with dilute alkalic salts (0.4% Na2CO3, 0.032% Na2S) at 7.5% sulfidity by autoclaving at 110 °C for 40 min gave sugar yields at 59.9%-73.5%. Moreover, linear relationships were corrected on solid recovery-total delignification-sugar yield. In BSS-hydrolysates, xylose and glucose could promote the reductase activity of recombinant E. coli CCZU-A13. Compared with glucose, hydrolysate could increase the reductase activity by 1.35-folds. Furthermore, the cyclohexane-hydrolysate (10:90, v/v) biphasic media containing ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, 40 mM) and l-glutamine (150 mM) was built for the effective biosynthesis of ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate [(R)-CHBE] (94.6% yield) from 500 mM COBE. In conclusion, this strategy has high potential for the effective biosynthesis of (R)-CHBE (>99% e.e.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Chong
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Junhua Di
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Cuiluan Ma
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Dajing Wang
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Chu Wang
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Pengqi Zhang
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Yucai He
- Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, PR China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China.
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8
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He YC, Jiang CX, Chong GG, Di JH, Ma CL. Biological synthesis of 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan from biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by E. coli CCZU-K14 whole cells. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:1215-1220. [PMID: 28943097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalytic upgrading of bio-based platform chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) is currently of great interest due to the product specificity, mild reaction and high efficiency. In this work, 200mM 5-HMF could be effectively biotransformed to BHMF at 90.6% with highly 5-HMF-tolerant recombinant E. coli CCZU-K14 whole cells at pH 6.5 and 30°C under the optimum reaction conditions (cosubstrate glucose 1.0mol glucose/(mol 5-HMF), D-xylose 400mM, l-glutamic acid 250mM, Mg2+ 1.5mM, 0.2mol β-cyclodextrin/(mol 5-HMF), CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) 12.5mM, and 0.1g wet cells/mL). It was found that E. coli CCZU-K14 was highly tolerant to 5-HMF (up to 400mM). Effective bioreduction of biomass-derived 5-HMF (≤200) to BHMF was successfully demonstrated in this study. In conclusion, this strategy showed high potential application for the synthesis of BHMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cai He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Chun-Xia Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Gang-Gang Chong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li M. High-level secretion and characterization of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase in recombinant Komagataella phaffii. J Biotechnol 2017; 259:126-134. [PMID: 28757288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) catalyzes the conversion of starch into cyclodextrin (CD), which is widely applied in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. For efficient production of CD, high yield of CGTase with good characteristics is necessary. In this study, the cgt gene from Bacillus pseudalcaliphilus was expressed in Komagataella phaffii after codon optimization and expression vector selection. The β-CGTase activity in the transformant reached 3885.1UmL-1, which is the highest value reported so far, at 28°C, 6% inoculum ratio, and 1.5% methanol addition following 24h of incubation. The recombinant CGTase showed high specific activity at 80°C without any γ-CGTase activity, and had good stability in a wide pH and temperature range. These results demonstrate that the recombinant CGTase could have potential industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Mengla Li
- Institute of Food Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
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Engineering Streptomyces coelicolor Carbonyl Reductase for Efficient Atorvastatin Precursor Synthesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.00603-17. [PMID: 28389544 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00603-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces coelicolor CR1 (ScCR1) has been shown to be a promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of an atorvastatin precursor, ethyl-(S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate [(S)-CHBE]. However, limitations of ScCR1 observed for practical application include low activity and poor stability. In this work, protein engineering was employed to improve the catalytic efficiency and stability of ScCR1. First, the crystal structure of ScCR1 complexed with NADH and cosubstrate 2-propanol was solved, and the specific activity of ScCR1 was increased from 38.8 U/mg to 168 U/mg (ScCR1I158V/P168S) by structure-guided engineering. Second, directed evolution was performed to improve the stability using ScCR1I158V/P168S as a template, affording a triple mutant, ScCR1A60T/I158V/P168S, whose thermostability (T5015, defined as the temperature at which 50% of initial enzyme activity is lost following a heat treatment for 15 min) and substrate tolerance (C5015, defined as the concentration at which 50% of initial enzyme activity is lost following incubation for 15 min) were 6.2°C and 4.7-fold higher than those of the wild-type enzyme. Interestingly, the specific activity of the triple mutant was further increased to 260 U/mg. Protein modeling and docking analysis shed light on the origin of the improved activity and stability. In the asymmetric reduction of ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutyrate (COBE) on a 300-ml scale, 100 g/liter COBE could be completely converted by only 2 g/liter of lyophilized ScCR1A60T/I158V/P168S within 9 h, affording an excellent enantiomeric excess (ee) of >99% and a space-time yield of 255 g liter-1 day-1 These results suggest high efficiency of the protein engineering strategy and good potential of the resulting variant for efficient synthesis of the atorvastatin precursor.IMPORTANCE Application of the carbonyl reductase ScCR1 in asymmetrically synthesizing (S)-CHBE, a key precursor for the blockbuster drug Lipitor, from COBE has been hindered by its low catalytic activity and poor thermostability and substrate tolerance. In this work, protein engineering was employed to improve the catalytic efficiency and stability of ScCR1. The catalytic efficiency, thermostability, and substrate tolerance of ScCR1 were significantly improved by structure-guided engineering and directed evolution. The engineered ScCR1 may serve as a promising biocatalyst for the biosynthesis of (S)-CHBE, and the protein engineering strategy adopted in this work would serve as a useful approach for future engineering of other reductases toward potential application in organic synthesis.
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Basak S, Ghosh SK, Punetha VD, Aphale AN, Patra PK, Sahoo NG. An experimental modeling of trinomial bioengineering- crp, rDNA, and transporter engineering within single cell factory for maximizing two-phase bioreduction. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 95:818-825. [PMID: 27923567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A carbonyl reductase (cr) gene from Candida glabrata CBS138 has been heterologously expressed in cofactor regenerating E. coli host to convert Ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) into Ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate (CHBE). The CR enzyme exhibited marked velocity at substrate concentration as high as 363mM with highest turnover number (112.77±3.95s-1). Solitary recombineering of such catalytic cell reproduced CHBE 161.04g/L per g of dry cell weight (DCW). Introduction of combinatorially engineered crp (crp*, F136I) into this heterologous E. coli host yielded CHBE 477.54g/L/gDCW. Furthermore, using nerolidol as exogenous cell transporter, the CHBE productivity has been towered to 710.88g/L/gDCW. The CHBE production has thus been upscaled to 8-12 times than those reported so far. qRT-PCR studies revealed that both membrane efflux channels such as acrAB as well as ROS scavenger genes such as ahpCF have been activated by engineering crp. Moreover, membrane protecting genes such as manXYZ together with solvent extrusion associated genes such as glpC have been upregulated inside mutant host. Although numerous proteins have been investigated to convert COBE to CHBE; this is the first approach to use engineering triad involving crp engineering, recombinant DNA engineering and transporter engineering together for improving cell performance during two-phase biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Basak
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, WB, India.
| | - Sumanta Kumar Ghosh
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, WB, India
| | - Vinay Deep Punetha
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ashish N Aphale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bridgeport, CT, USA
| | - Prabir K Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bridgeport, CT, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bridgeport, CT, USA
| | - Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India.
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Dai Y, Huan B, Zhang HS, He YC. Effective Biotransformation of Ethyl 4-Chloro-3-Oxobutanoate into Ethyl (S)-4-Chloro-3-Hydroxybutanoate by Recombinant E. coli CCZU-T15 Whole Cells in [ChCl][Gly]–Water Media. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:1347-1359. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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He YC, Tao ZC, Di JH, Chen L, Zhang LB, Zhang DP, Chong GG, Liu F, Ding Y, Jiang CX, Ma CL. Effective asymmetric bioreduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate by recombinant E. coli CCZU-A13 in [Bmim]PF6-hydrolyzate media. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:411-418. [PMID: 27155796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It was the first report that the concentrated hydrolyzates from the enzymatic hydrolysis of dilute NaOH (3wt%)-soaking rice straw at 30°C was used to form [Bmim]PF6-hydrolyzate (50:50, v/v) media for bioconverting ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) into ethyl (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate [(R)-CHBE] (>99% e.e.) with recombinant E. coli CCZU-A13. Compared with pure glucose, the hydrolyzates could promote both initial reaction rate and the intracellular NADH content. Furthermore, emulsifier OP-10 (20mM) was employed to improve the reductase activity. Moreover, Hp-β-cyclodextrin (0.01mol Hp-β-cyclodextrin/mol COBE) was also added into this bioreaction system for enhancing the biosynthesis of (R)-CHBE from COBE by E. coli CCZU-A13 whole-cells. The yield of (R)-CHBE (>99% e.e.) from 800mM COBE was obtained at 100% in the [Bmim]PF6-hydrolyzate (50:50, v/v) media by supplementation of OP-10 (20mM) and Hp-β-CD (8mM). In conclusion, an effective strategy for the biosynthesis of (R)-CHBE was successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cai He
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Zhi-Cheng Tao
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lin-Bing Zhang
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Dan-Ping Zhang
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Gang-Gang Chong
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xia Jiang
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA
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14
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He YC, Zhang DP, Di JH, Wu YQ, Tao ZC, Liu F, Zhang ZJ, Chong GG, Ding Y, Ma CL. Effective pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with combination pretreatment and its hydrolyzates as reaction media for the biosynthesis of ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate by whole cells of E. coli CCZU-K14. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:720-726. [PMID: 27060248 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sugarcane bagasse (SB) was pretreated with combination pretreatment (e.g., sequential KOH extraction and ionic liquid soaking, sequential KOH extraction and Fenton soaking, or sequential KOH extraction and glycerol soaking). After the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated SBs, it was found that all these three concentrated hydrolyzates could be used for the asymmetric bioreduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate (COBE) into ethyl (S)-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate [(S)-CHBE]. Compared with glucose, arabinose and cellobiose couldn't promote the initial reaction rate, and xylose could increase the intracellular NADH content. Moreover, it was the first report that hydrolyzates could be used for the effective biosynthesis of (S)-CHBE (∼500g/L; 98.0% yield) from 3000 COBE by whole cells of Escherichia coli CCZU-K14 in the presence of β-CD (0.4mol β-CD/mol COBE), l-glutamine (200mM) and glycine (500mM). In conclusion, it is a new alternative to utilize bioresource for the synthesis of key chiral intermediate (S)-CHBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Cai He
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China; Bioproducts, Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA 99354, USA.
| | - Dan-Ping Zhang
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jun-Hua Di
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yin-Qi Wu
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Tao
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang-Gang Chong
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Cui-Luan Ma
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
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15
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Directed evolution of leucine dehydrogenase for improved efficiency of l-tert-leucine synthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5805-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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