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Yu BS, Pyo S, Lee J, Han K. Microalgae: a multifaceted catalyst for sustainable solutions in renewable energy, food security, and environmental management. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:308. [PMID: 39543605 PMCID: PMC11566087 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02588-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 11/09/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively examines the various applications of microalgae, focusing on their significant potential in producing biodiesel and hydrogen, serving as sustainable food sources, and their efficacy in treating both municipal and food-related wastewater. While previous studies have mainly focused on specific applications of microalgae, such as biofuel production or wastewater treatment, this review covers these applications comprehensively. It examines the potential for microalgae to be applied in various industrial sectors such as energy, food security, and environmental management. By bridging these different application areas, this review differs from previous studies in providing an integrated and multifaceted view of the industrial applications of microalgae. Since it is essential to increase the productivity of the process to utilize microalgae for various industrial applications, research trends in different microalgae cultivation processes, including the culture system (e.g., open ponds, closed ponds) or environmental conditions (e.g., pH, temperature, light intensity) to improve the productivity of biomass and valuable substances was firstly analyzed. In addition, microalgae cultivation technologies that can maximize the biomass and valuable substances productivity while limiting the potential for contamination that can occur when utilizing these systems have been described to maximize CO2 reduction. In conclusion, this review has provided a detailed analysis of current research findings and technological innovations, highlighting the important role of microalgae in addressing global challenges related to energy, food supply, and waste management. It has also provided valuable insights into future research directions and potential commercial applications in several bio-related industries, and illustrated how important continued exploration and development in this area is to realize the full potential of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Sun Yu
- Department of biomedical Sciences, College of Bio-convergence, Dankook University, 31116, Dandae-ro 119, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonju Pyo
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungnam Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Kyudong Han
- Department of biomedical Sciences, College of Bio-convergence, Dankook University, 31116, Dandae-ro 119, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Smart Animal Bio Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Bio Medical Engineering Core Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioconvergence Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, 16890, Republic of Korea.
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Velu C, Karthikeyan OP, Brinkman DL, Cirés S, Heimann K. Biomass pre-treatments of the N 2-fixing cyanobacterium Tolypothrix for co-production of methane. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131246. [PMID: 34470734 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tolypothrix, a self-flocculating, fast growing, CO2 and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium, can be cultivated in nutrient-poor ash dam waters of coal-fired power stations, converting CO2 emissions into organic biomass. Therefore, the biomass of Tolypothrix sp. is a promising source for bio-fertiliser production, providing micro- and macronutrients. Energy requirements for production could potentially be offset via anaerobic digestion (AD) of the produced biomass, which may further improve the efficiency of the resulting biofertilizer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of pre-treatment conditions and subsequent methane (CH4) production of Tolypothrix under out-door cultivation conditions. Pre-treatments on biogas and methane production for Tolypothrix sp. biomass investigated were: (1) thermal at 95 °C for 10 h, (2) hydrothermal by autoclave at 121 °C at 1013.25 hPa for 20 min, using a standard moisture-heat procedure, (3) microwave at an output power of 900 W and an exposure time of 3 min, (4) sonication at an output power of 10 W for 3.5 h at 10 min intervals with 20 s breaks and (5) freeze-thaw cycles at -80 °C for 24 h followed by thawing at room temperature. Thermal, hydrothermal and sonication pre-treatments supported high solubilization of organic compounds up to 24.40 g L-1. However, higher specific CH4 production of 0.012 and 0.01 L CH4 g-1 volatile solidsadded. was achieved for thermal and sonic pre-treatments, respectively. High N- and low C-content of the Tolypothrix biomass affected CH4 recovery, while pre-treatment accelerated production of volatile acids (15.90 g L-1) and ammonia-N-accumulation (1.41 g L-1), leading to poor CH4 yields. Calculated theoretical CH4 yields based on the elemental composition of the biomass were ~55% higher than actual yields. This highlights the complexity of interactions during AD which are not adequately represented by elemental composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnathambi Velu
- College of Science Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Samuel Cirés
- Department of Biology Autonoma de Madrid University, Madrid, ES-28049, Spain
| | - Kirsten Heimann
- Centre for Marine Bioproduct Development, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia.
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Chong JWR, Yew GY, Khoo KS, Ho SH, Show PL. Recent advances on food waste pretreatment technology via microalgae for source of polyhydroxyalkanoates. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112782. [PMID: 34052610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable and biocompatible polyester which are biosynthesized from the intracellular cells of microalgae through the cultivation of organic food waste medium. Before cultivation process, food waste must undergo several pre-treatment techniques such as chemical, biological, physical or mechanical in order to solubilize complex food waste matter into simpler micro- and macronutrients in which allow bio-valorisation of microalgae and food waste compound during the cultivation process. This work reviews four microalgae genera namely Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Spirulina, and Botryococcus, are selected as suitable species due to rapid growth rate, minimal nutrient requirement, greater adaptability and flexibility prior to lower the overall production cost and maximized the production of PHAs. This study also focuses on the different mode of cultivation for the accumulation of PHAs followed by cell wall destabilization, extraction, and purification. Nonetheless, this review provides future insights into enhancing the productivity of bioplastic derived from microalgae towards low-cost, large-scale, and higher productivity of PHAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei Roy Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P.R. China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Guo Yong Yew
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P.R. China
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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New Insights for the Future Design of Composites Composed of Hydrochar and Zeolite for Developing Advanced Biofuels from Cranberry Pomace. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13246600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study provides fundamental insight and offers a promising catalytic hydrothermal method to harness cranberry pomace as a potential bioenergy and/or hydrochar source. The physical and chemical properties of Canadian cranberry pomace, supplied by Fruit d’Or Inc., were examined and the optimum operational conditions, in terms of biocrude yield, were obtained by the I-optimal matrix of Design Expert 11. Afterward, cranberry pomace hydrochar (CPH) and zeolite were separately introduced to the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process to investigate the benefits and disadvantages associated with their catalytic activity. CPH was found to be a better host than zeolite to accommodate cellulosic sugars and showed great catalytic performance in producing hydrocarbons. However, high amounts of corrosive amino and aliphatic acids hinder the practical application of CPH as a catalyst. Alternatively, zeolite, as a commercial high surface area catalyst, had a higher activity for deoxygenation of compounds containing carbonyl, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups than CPH and resulted in higher selectivity of phenols. Due to the low hydrothermal structural stability, coke formation, and narrow pore size distribution, further activations and modifications are needed to improve the catalytic behavior of zeolite. Our results suggest that a composite composed of CPH and zeolite can resolve the abovementioned limitations and help with the development and commercialization of advanced biofuels from cranberry pomace.
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Production of single cell oil by using cassava peel substrate from oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yu J, Huang Z, Wu P, Zhao M, Miao H, Liu C, Ruan W. Performance and microbial characterization of two-stage caproate fermentation from fruit and vegetable waste via anaerobic microbial consortia. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 284:398-405. [PMID: 30959377 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of two-stage caproate fermentation from fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) via anaerobic microbial consortia was investigated in this study. The results showed the highest caproate production achieved 14.9 g/L at the optimal inoculum to substrate ratio (ISR) of 2:1, ethanol to acid ratio (E/A) of 4:1, and pH of 7.5. The caproate yield and selectivity respectively reached 0.62 g/g and 80.8% (as COD). In acidification stage, an appropriate ISR provided a high conversion efficiency and more acetate formation, which was beneficial to caproate biosynthesis. In caproate production stage, chain elongation performance was sensitive to E/A and pH condition. Butyrate became the main by-product at low E/A or acidic conditions, while excessive ethanol or alkaline condition seriously suppressed substrate conversion. The caproate fermentation was dominated by Clostridium kluyveri. Furthermore, caproate formation was uncoupled with Clostridium kluyveri proliferation, which was mainly generated during the middle and late stages of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenxing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215011, China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Mingxing Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hengfeng Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chunmei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenquan Ruan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou 215011, China.
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Chatterjee S, Mohan SV. Microbial lipid production by Cryptococcus curvatus from vegetable waste hydrolysate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 254:284-289. [PMID: 29413935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study primarily evaluated the effect of pre-treatment on release of reducing sugars (RS) from vegetable waste (VW). Different acids and alkalis viz., H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, H3PO4, NaOH and KOH were evaluated at varied concentration (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0%) for pretreatment. The highest RS yield of 472.36 ± 1.89 g/l and 439.13 ± 1.04 g/l was obtained with 1.5% H2SO4 and 2% HCl respectively. Secondly, pre-treated vegetable waste hydrolysates (PT-VWH) were evaluated for yeast fermentation using Cryptococcus curvatus MTCC 2698 for lipid production. Maximum biomass (9.46 ± 0.1 g/l and 8.12 ± 0.1 g/l) and lipid (28.3 ± 0.5% and 26 ± 0.5%) was obtained with 1.5% H2SO4 PT-VWH and 2% HCl PT-VWH respectively. The FAME profiling revealed the predominance of palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acid. The presence of these fatty acids in majority has beneficial effect on the biodiesel quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulogna Chatterjee
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, EEFF Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (ACSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, EEFF Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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Mu H, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Hua D, Xu H, Jin F. Microbial and nutritional regulation of high-solids anaerobic mono-digestion of fruit and vegetable wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:405-413. [PMID: 28278097 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1301571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion of single fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) can be easily interrupted by rapid acidogenesis and inhibition of methanogen, and the digestion system tends to be particularly unstable at high solid content. In this study, the anaerobic digestion of FVW in batch experiments under mesophilic condition at a high solid concentration of 10% was successfully conducted to overcome the acidogenesis problem through several modifications. Firstly, compared with the conventional anaerobic sludge (CAS), the acclimated anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) was found to be a better inoculum due to its higher Archaea abundance. Secondly, waste activated sludge (WAS) was chosen to co-digest with FVW, because WAS had abundant proteins that could generate intermediate ammonium. The ammonium could neutralize the accumulated volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and prevent the pH value of the digestion system from rapidly decreasing. Co-digestion of FVW and WAS with TS ratio of 60:40 gave the highest biogas yield of 562 mL/g-VS and the highest methane yield of 362 mL/g-VS. Key parameters in the digestion process, including VFAs concentration, pH, enzyme activity, and microbial activity, were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mu
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao Zhao
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Hua
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Jin
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
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Johnravindar D, Karthikeyan OP, Selvam A, Murugesan K, Wong JWC. Lipid accumulation potential of oleaginous yeasts: A comparative evaluation using food waste leachate as a substrate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 248:221-228. [PMID: 28736146 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In present study, the efficiency of three oleaginous yeasts i.e., Yarrowia lipolytica, Rhodotorula glutinis and Cryptococcus curvatus were compared for their lipid assimilation capacities using three different FW-leachates as a medium. The FW-leachates were collected from dry anaerobic digesters and diluted to achieve carbohydrate content of 25gL-1 prior to yeast inoculations. Around 5% of yeast cultures were individually mixed in three different FW-leachate mediums and incubated under 30°C and 150rpm agitation for 6days. The Y. lipolytica produced high biomass with lipid contents of 49.0±2% on dry weight basis. Whereas, the acetic acid concentration of >6gL-1 inhibited the growth of R. glutinis. The study observed that the selection of appropriate FW-leachate composition is highly important for biolipid accumulation by oleaginous yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davidraj Johnravindar
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Obulisamy Parthiba Karthikeyan
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Ammaiyappan Selvam
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumarasamy Murugesan
- Deparment of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Sino-Forest Applied Research Centre for Pearl River Delta Environment, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
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Karthikeyan OP, Mehariya S, Chung Wong JW. Bio-refining of food waste for fuel and value products. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.10.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Yuan B, Yang XQ, Xue LW, Feng YN, Jiang JH. A novel recycling system for nano-magnetic molecular imprinting immobilised cellulases: Synergistic recovery of anthocyanin from fruit and vegetable waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 222:14-23. [PMID: 27697733 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) is become a serious problem in developing countries. Enzymolysis is a potentially useful method for the treatment of FVW. In the present study, novel recycled magnetic molecular imprinting immobilised cellulases were prepared based on magnetic modified chitosan (MCTS) and Fe3O4. The properties of obtained were characterised by IR and grain-size measurements. Evaluation of a single factor affecting the loading efficiency of supports and the mixed immobilised enzymes showed better capacity than single immobilised, or free, enzymes. The immobilisation process could improve cellulase stability and repeatability of the method. Meanwhile, the kinetic parameters were also verified. The immobilised enzymes retained most of their capacity after 60days' storage while free enzymes lost it within 30days. Tests showed that the immobilised enzymes developed excellent capacity and five anthocyanins were collected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Xù-Qin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Ling-Wei Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Yan-Nan Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China
| | - Ji-Hong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province & School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China.
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Cao L, Zhang C, Hao S, Luo G, Zhang S, Chen J. Effect of glycerol as co-solvent on yields of bio-oil from rice straw through hydrothermal liquefaction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 220:471-478. [PMID: 27611031 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of glycerol used as a co-solvent on yields of bio-oil derived from rice straw through hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The reaction was conducted in a high-pressure batch reactor with different volume ratios of glycerol to water. The quality of the derived bio-oil was analyzed in terms of its elemental composition, heating value, water content, ash content, and acid number. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were conducted to analyze the chemical composition of the derived bio-oils. The following optimal conditions were obtained: 1:1 vol ratio of glycerol to water with 5wt% of Na2CO3 at 260°C for 1h. Under these conditions, 50.31wt% of bio-oil and 26.65wt% of solid residue were produced. Therefore, glycerol can be used as a co-solvent in HTL of rice straw at moderate temperatures to obtain bio-oil with high yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leichang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shilai Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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