1
|
Cheng CY, Wang YS, Wang ZL, Bibi S. Innovative Approaches to Fungal Food Production: Mycelial Pellet Morphology Insights. Foods 2023; 12:3477. [PMID: 37761188 PMCID: PMC10530132 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycelia products enhance edible mushrooms in alignment with future sustainability trends. To meet forthcoming market demands, the morphology of mycelial pellets was optimized for direct consumption. Among ten commercial edible mushrooms in Taiwan, Pleurotus sp. was selected for its rapid growth and was identified via an internal transcribed spacer sequence. A combination of Plackett-Burman design and Taguchi's L9(34) orthogonal table revealed the optimal formula as potato dextrose broth (2.4%), olive oil (2%), calcium carbonate (0.5%), yeast extract (0.75%), and soy flour (0.5%). This led to a biomass increase to 19.9 ± 1.1 g/L, resulting in a 2.17-fold yield increase. To refine morphology, image processing by ImageJ quantified spherical characteristics. The addition of 0.2 to 1.0% Tween 80 enhanced pellet compaction by over 50%. Dilution of the medium improved uniformity (0.85) and conversion rate (42%), yielding mycelial pellets with 2.10 ± 0.52 mm diameters and a yield of 15.1 ± 0.6 g/L. These findings provide an alternative evaluation and application of edible mycelial pellets as future food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yu Cheng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Zhong-Liang Wang
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
| | - Sidra Bibi
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (Z.-L.W.); (S.B.)
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pessoa VA, Soares LBN, Silva GL, Vasconcelos AS, Silva JF, Fariña JI, Oliveira-Junior SD, Sales-Campos C, Chevreuil LR. Production of mycelial biomass, proteases and protease inhibitors by Ganoderma lucidum under different submerged fermentation conditions. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e270316. [PMID: 37162094 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.270316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom widely recognized as a source of biomolecules with pharmacological properties, however, little is known about the factors that influence the synthesis of bioactive proteins by this fungus when cultivated under submerged fermentation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production of mycelial biomass and intracellular proteases and protease inhibitors by G. lucidum cultivated under different submerged fermentation conditions. The cultivation was carried out in a medium composed of glucose (10 or 20 g.L-1), soy peptone (2.5 or 5 g.L-1) and yeast extract (5 g.L-1), with incubation under agitation (120 rpm) and non-agitation, totaling 8 experimental conditions. Biomass production was determined from the dry weight, while glucose consumption was estimated by quantification of reducing sugars. The proteins were extracted in NaCl (0.15 M), and the protein extracts were submitted to protein quantification by the Bradford method, total proteolytic activity using azocasein, caseinolytic and fibrinolytic activity in Petri dishes, activity of serine (trypsin and chymotrypsin) and cysteine (papain) protease inhibitors. Cultivation in agitated condition showed higher biomass production with a maximum value of 7 g.L-1, in addition to higher activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin and papain inhibitors, with 154 IU.mg-1, 153 IU.mg-1 e 343 IU.mg-1 of protein, respectively. The non-agitated condition showed a greater potential for obtaining proteins, total proteases, caseinolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes, with maximum values of 433 mg.g-1 of extract, 71 U.mL-1 of extract, 63.62 mm2 and 50.27 mm2, respectively. Thus, a medium composed of soy peptone, yest extract and glucose in a 1:2:4 proportion is recommended, under agitation to produce protease inhibitors, and the non-agitated condition when the target is, mainly caseinolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V A Pessoa
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology - PPGBIOTEC, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - L B N Soares
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas - UEA, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology - PPGBIONORTE, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - G L Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - A S Vasconcelos
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - J F Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - J I Fariña
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos - PROIMI-CONICET, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - S D Oliveira-Junior
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - C Sales-Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology - PPGBIOTEC, Manaus, AM, Brasil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas - UEA, Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology - PPGBIONORTE, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| | - L R Chevreuil
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Edible Fungi Cultivation Laboratory, Manaus, AM, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Madaan S, Abdul Jabar SI, Panda BP. Fatty acids of Pleurotus florida mushroom: Potential molecules for blood glucose control. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
4
|
Asemoloye MD, Sunmola N, Jonathan G, Chikwem J. Mycochemical screening reveals exopolysaccharide secretion, antioxidant and larvicidal activities of three oyster mushrooms. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2120-2126. [PMID: 34599826 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher fungi such as oyster mushrooms have been well reported to have vast therapeutic and nutritive importance due to their bioactive constituents. Today, many interesting facts are also emerging regarding their importance in pest control. In this study, Pleurotus floridanus, P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju were studied for exopolysacharide (EPS) and antioxidant production under different carbon sources, and assayed for larvicidal properties. RESULTS We observed a positive response of these mushrooms to carbon sources. The highest EPS was produced by P. sajor-caju under sucrose carbon source, whereas P. ostreatus and P. floridanus preferred glucose. The antioxidant activity of their EPS was confirmed using radical scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and potassium ferricyanide reduction methods. We also established the inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the EPS produced by these mushrooms, although this was concentration dependent, while P. floridanus EPS had the highest antioxidant properties. An EPS concentration of 100 mg L-1 from all the mushrooms was sufficient for inhibition of lipid peroxidation; this also showed a significant difference from the scavenging effect of butylated hydroxytoluene. All the mushroom extracts in this study had positive inhibitory effects on the late third and early fourth stages of Anopheles gambiae. However, they were significantly different from each other as P. floridanus recorded a lethal concentration (LC50 ) of 0.0.563, P. ostreatus had an LC50 of 0.352, while P. sajor-caju had an LC50 of 0.715. CONCLUSION This study affirms the influence of carbon source on EPS production by selected oyster mushrooms, and reveals their antioxidant properties and potential applications in pest control. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Asemoloye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Mycology and Applied Microbiology Group, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Nurudeen Sunmola
- Mycology and Applied Microbiology Group, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Gbolagade Jonathan
- Mycology and Applied Microbiology Group, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - John Chikwem
- Biology Department, Lincoln University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Illuri R, Kumar M, Eyini M, Veeramanikandan V, Almaary KS, Elbadawi YB, Biraqdar MA, Balaji P. Production, partial purification and characterization of ligninolytic enzymes from selected basidiomycetes mushroom fungi. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:7207-7218. [PMID: 34867024 PMCID: PMC8626257 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many research on the quantity of lignocellulosic waste have been developed. The production, partial purification, and characterisation of ligninolytic enzymes from various fungi are described in this work. On the 21st day of incubation in Potato Dextrose (PD) broth, Hypsizygus ulmarius developed the most laccase (14.83 × 10−6 IU/ml) and manganese peroxidase (24.11 × 10−6 IU/ml), while Pleurotus florida produced the most lignin peroxidase (19.56 × −6 IU/ml). Laccase (Lac), lignin peroxidase (LiP), and manganese peroxidase (MnP), all generated by selected basidiomycetes mushroom fungi, were largely isolated using ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis. Laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase purification findings indicated 1.83, 2.13, and 1.77 fold purity enhancements, respectively. Specific activity of purified laccase enzyme preparations ranged from 305.80 to 376.85 IU/mg, purified lignin peroxidase from 258.51 to 336.95 IU/mg, and purified manganese peroxidase from 253.45 to 529.34 IU/mg. H. ulmarius laccase (376.85 IU/mg) with 1.83 fold purification had the highest specific activity of all the ligninolytic enzymes studied, followed by 2.13 fold purification in lignin peroxidase (350.57 IU/mg) and manganese peroxidase (529.34 IU/mg) with 1.77-fold purification. Three notable bands with molecular weights ranging from 43 to 68 kDa and a single prominent band with a molecular weight of 97.4 kDa were identified on a Native PAGE gel from mycelial proteins of selected mushroom fungus. The SDS PAGE profiles of the mycelial proteins from the selected mushroom fungus were similar to the native PAGE. All three partially purified ligninolytic isozymes display three bands in native gel electrophoresis, with only one prominent band in enzyme activity staining. The 43 kDa, 55 kDa, and 68 kDa protein bands correspond to laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramanaiah Illuri
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Madras Christian College (Autonomous), Tambaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Eyini
- Department of Botany, Thiagarajar College (Autonomous), Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Veeramanikandan
- PG and Research Centre in Microbiology, MGR College, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Khalid S Almaary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya B Elbadawi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M A Biraqdar
- College of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
| | - P Balaji
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dulay RMR, Cabrera EC, Kalaw SP, Reyes RG. Optimization of submerged culture conditions for mycelial biomass production of fourteen Lentinus isolates from Luzon Island, Philippines. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Louzada Dos Santos T, Huertas Tavares OC, de Abreu Lopes S, Elias SS, Louro Berbara RL, García AC. Environmental implications of the organic matter structure for white-rot fungus Pleurotus eryngii growth in a tropical climate. Fungal Biol 2021; 125:845-859. [PMID: 34649671 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
White-rot fungi (Pleurotus eryngii) are decomposers of lignocellulosic substrates. The relationship between the structure of humified organic matter and P. eryngii growth, is poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the growth and development of white-rot fungi (P. eryngii) in two structurally different sources of humified organic matter. Fungus growth and development (mycelium diameter, fresh and dry mycelium mass, mycelium density, and biological yield) were evaluated in experiments with the application of humic substances (HS) extracted from vermicompost (VC) and peat. Both HS were characterized by CP/MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy associated with chemometrics analysis. The HS present different structural characteristics, with those extracted from VC having a predominance of functionalized C-aliphatics (carbohydrates), low hydrophobicity, and a 90% proportion of cellulose/hemicellulose carbon in the composition. HS extracted from peat have a predominance of C-aromatics (lignin fragments), higher hydrophobicity, and a proportion of lignin carbon of up to 80%. The results showed that P. eryngii growth is dependent on the C-cellulosic and C-lignin balance. HS extracted from lignin-rich peat regulates the fungus growth at initial times and sometimes inhibits the biological performance. The highly cellulosic HS from VC regulate the fungus growth at later times and its biological performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thainá Louzada Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Orlando Carlos Huertas Tavares
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samuel de Abreu Lopes
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sael Sánchez Elias
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Louro Berbara
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrés Calderín García
- Laboratory of Soil Biological Chemistry, Department of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Application of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Fermentation Processes to Obtain Tannases Using Agro-Industrial Wastes. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria have been used in the food industry to produce flavors, dyes, thickeners, and to increase food value, because bacterial fermentations favor the obtention of different metabolites such as tannins and different nutritional compounds in food. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was one the first species to be studied for industrial purposes, and its efficacy to obtaining tannins using fermentation processes. Bacterial fermentation helps to obtain a product with an added value of better quality and without the need to use strong solvents that can reduce their quality and safety. To release tannins, it is necessary to subject the substrate to different conditions to activate the enzyme tannin acyl hydrolase (tannase). The tannase-released compounds can have beneficial effects on health such as antioxidant, anticancer and cardioprotective properties, among others. Therefore, this review analyzes tannase release and other metabolites by fermentation processes.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ogidi CO, Ubaru AM, Ladi-Lawal T, Thonda OA, Aladejana OM, Malomo O. Bioactivity assessment of exopolysaccharides produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius in submerged culture with different agro-waste residues. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05685. [PMID: 33336098 PMCID: PMC7734227 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus spp. are white-rot fungi that utilize different agro-wastes to produce useful biologically active compounds. In this study, exopolysaccharides (EPS) were produced by Pleurotus pulmonarius in submerged culture supplemented with different agro-wastes. Functional groups in EPS were revealed using Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity of EPS was tested against microorganisms using agar well diffusion. Scavenging potentials of EPS was tested against 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), iron (Fe2+) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals. In vitro prebiotic activity of EPS was carried out. The highest yield (5.60 g/L) of EPS was produced by P. pulmonarius in submerged culture supplemented with groundnut shell (20.0 g/L). The functional groups in EPS were hydroxyl (-OH), methyl (-CH3), ketone (-RCOH) and carbonyl group (-C=O). EPS displayed zones of inhibition (5.00-14.00 mm) against tested microorganisms. Scavenging activity of EPS ranged from 65.70-81.80% against DPPH. EPS supported the growth of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophiles with values ranged from 3.04 × 104-3.40 × 104 cfu/ml and 2.50 × 104-2.81 × 104 cfu/ml, respectively. Submerged culture of P. pulmonarius with addition of agro-wastes enhanced yield of EPS. The EPS exhibited bio-functional properties like antimicrobial, antioxidant and prebiotic activities. Hence, agrowastes can be recycled in submerged fermentation with fungi to produce promising biomaterials for biopharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clement Olusola Ogidi
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | - Adaeze Mascot Ubaru
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | - Temilayo Ladi-Lawal
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | - Oluwakemi Abike Thonda
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| | | | - Olu Malomo
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Kings University, PMB 555, Odeomu, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Antunes F, Marçal S, Taofiq O, M. M. B. Morais A, Freitas AC, C. F. R. Ferreira I, Pintado M. Valorization of Mushroom By-Products as a Source of Value-Added Compounds and Potential Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112672. [PMID: 32526879 PMCID: PMC7321189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the food sector is highly concerned with environmental issues and foreseen to develop strategies to reduce waste and losses resulting from activities developed in the food system. An approach is to increment added value to the agro-industrial wastes, which might provide economic growth and environmental protection, contributing to a circular economy. Mushroom by-products represent a disposal problem, but they are also promising sources of important compounds, which may be used due to their functional and nutritional properties. Research has been developed in different fields to obtain value added solutions for the by-products generated during mushroom production and processing. Bioactive compounds have been obtained and applied in the development of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations. Additionally, other applications have been explored and include animal feed, fertilizer, bioremediation, energy production, bio-based materials, cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. The main purpose of this review is to highlight the relevant composition of mushroom by-products and discuss their potential as a source of functional compounds and other applications. Future research needs to explore pilot and industrial scale extraction methods to understand the technological feasibility and the economic sustainability of the bioactive compounds extraction and valorization towards different applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Antunes
- CBQF–Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.A.); (S.M.); (A.M.M.B.M.); (A.C.F.)
| | - Sara Marçal
- CBQF–Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.A.); (S.M.); (A.M.M.B.M.); (A.C.F.)
| | - Oludemi Taofiq
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (O.T.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Alcina M. M. B. Morais
- CBQF–Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.A.); (S.M.); (A.M.M.B.M.); (A.C.F.)
| | - Ana Cristina Freitas
- CBQF–Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.A.); (S.M.); (A.M.M.B.M.); (A.C.F.)
| | - Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (O.T.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF–Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina–Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (F.A.); (S.M.); (A.M.M.B.M.); (A.C.F.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rathore H, Prasad S, Kapri M, Tiwari A, Sharma S. Medicinal importance of mushroom mycelium: Mechanisms and applications. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
12
|
Castro-Alves VC, Gomes D, Menolli N, Sforça ML, Nascimento JROD. Characterization and immunomodulatory effects of glucans from Pleurotus albidus, a promising species of mushroom for farming and biomass production. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:215-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
13
|
Mohankumar S, Savitha J. Wheat flour, an inexpensive medium for in vitro cultivation of coprophilous fungus Coprinopsis cinerea. CURRENT RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL & APPLIED MYCOLOGY. JOURNAL OF FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2017; 7:144-154. [PMID: 35433389 PMCID: PMC9012336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Coprinopsis cinerea, a coprophilous basidiomycetous fungus generally called as inky cap mushroom is used as a model organism to study the evolution of fruiting bodies in higher fungi. Herbivorous animal dung is a major source of Coprinopsis cinerea, as it contains high carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus elements. Due to the extensive application of Coprinopsis cinerea in Genetics, Molecular Biology and Microbial Biotechnology it is necessary to explore a suitable inexpensive medium for its in vitro cultivation. In our present study, we found that 2% wheat flour medium supported the vegetative growth and induced the fruiting body formation within 10 days at 30°C, pH 6 under dark compared to malt extract amended media. The number of fruiting bodies and biomass of fruiting bodies were also found higher in wheat flour medium compared to other media tested with similar cultural conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mohankumar
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi campus Bangalore- 560056. Karnataka, India
| | - J Savitha
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi campus Bangalore- 560056. Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|