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Civantos F, Helmen ZM, Bradley PJ, Coca-Pelaz A, De Bree R, Guntinas-Lichius O, Kowalski LP, López F, Mäkitie AA, Rinaldo A, Robbins KT, Rodrigo JP, Takes RP, Ferlito A. Lymph Node Metastases from Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4201. [PMID: 37686478 PMCID: PMC10486745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) represents the most common malignancy in the world, comprising exceedingly common lesions such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and rare lesions such as Merkel cell carcinoma. Risk factors are widely recognized and include ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, radiation exposure, immunosuppression, and many others. As a whole, survival and functional outcomes are favorable, but each histopathological subtype of NMSC behaves differently. Treatment regimens for the primary site usually include wide surgical excision and neck dissection in cases of clinically involved metastatic lymph nodes. The elective management of draining nodal basins, however, is a contested topic. Nearly all subtypes, excluding BCC, have a significant risk of lymphatic metastases, and have been studied with regard to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and elective neck dissection. To date, no studies have definitively established a true single standard of care, as exists for melanoma, for any of the NMSCs. As a result, the authors have sought to summarize the current literature and identify indications and management options for the management of the cervical lymphatics for each major subtype of NMSC. Further research remains critically necessary in order to develop complete treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Civantos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (F.C.); (Z.M.H.)
| | - Zachary M. Helmen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (F.C.); (Z.M.H.)
| | - Patrick J. Bradley
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queens Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Andrés Coca-Pelaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (F.L.)
| | - Remco De Bree
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Phoniatry/Pedaudiology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Luiz P. Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paolo 01509-900, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando López
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (F.L.)
| | - Antti A. Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland;
| | | | - K. Thomas Robbins
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (F.L.)
| | - Robert P. Takes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, 35100 Padua, Italy
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Liang D, Zhang Z. MicroRNA-27b-3p inhibits the proliferation and invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by targeting EGFR and MMP-13. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:729. [PMID: 34429769 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a common malignant tumor. The aim of the present study was to examine the biological function of microRNA (miR)-27b-3p in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and its underlying mechanism. The relative expression levels of miR-27b-3p were determined in A-431, Colo-16 and NHEK/SVTERT3-5 cell lines. The regulatory effects of miR-27b-3p on the proliferation of CSCC cells were evaluated using MTT and colony formation assays. Transwell assays were conducted to examine the role of miR-27b-5p in the migratory and invasive abilities of CSCC cells. The levels of EGFR, MMP-13, Akt, phosphorylated (p)-Akt, cyclin D1, N-cadherin (CAD) and E-CAD were detected in CSCC cells using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Binding between miR-27b-3p and the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of EGFR or MMP-13 was assessed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. miR-27b-3p was significantly downregulated in CSCC cell lines, compared with the skin keratinocyte cell line. Transfection with a miR-27b-3p mimic significantly reduced the proliferative, migratory and invasive abilities of CSCC cells in vitro. Moreover, miR-27b-3p mimic transfection downregulated the mRNA and protein levels of EGFR, MMP-13, cyclin D1, p-Akt and N-CAD, whilst upregulating E-CAD levels in CSCC cells. miR-27b-3p was found to target the EGFR and MMP-13 3'-UTRs, thus downregulating the expression of these molecules. The inhibition of CSCC proliferation by miR-27b-3p was effectively reversed by EGFR overexpression. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of miR-27b-3p on the migratory and invasive abilities of CSCC cells was abolished by MMP-13 overexpression. In conclusion, miR-27b-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of CSCC cells by downregulating the expression of EGFR and MMP-13 and may represent a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic option for CSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daning Liang
- Medical Cosmetology Department, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenning Zhang
- Medical Cosmetology Department, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Rastrelli M, Del Fiore P, Buja A, Vecchiato A, Rossi CR, Chiarion Sileni V, Tropea S, Russano F, Zorzi M, Spina R, Cappellesso R, Mazzarotto R, Cavallin F, Bassetto F, Bezzon E, Ferrazzi B, Alaibac M, Mocellin S. A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Multidisciplinary Pathway for Merkel Cell Carcinoma Patients. Front Oncol 2020; 10:529. [PMID: 32351898 PMCID: PMC7174780 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine neoplasm of the skin. Due to its rarity, the management of MCC is not standardized across centers. In this article, we present the experience of the Veneto region in the North-East of Italy, where a committee of skin cancer experts has proposed a clinical pathway for the diagnosis and treatment of MCC. Putting together the evidence available in the international literature, we outlined the best approach to the management of patients affected with this malignancy step- by- step for each possible clinical situation. Crucial in this pathway is the role of the multidisciplinary team to deal with the lack of robust information on each aspect of the management of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rastrelli
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Del Fiore
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandra Buja
- Department of Cardiological, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonella Vecchiato
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Carlo Riccardo Rossi
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Saveria Tropea
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Russano
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuel Zorzi
- Veneto Tumour Registry, Azienda Zero, Padua, Italy
| | - Romina Spina
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Rocco Cappellesso
- Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Renzo Mazzarotto
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Unit of Radiotherapy, Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Franco Bassetto
- Clinic of Plastic Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, Padua University Hospital, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bezzon
- Radiology Unit, Department of Imaging and Medical Physics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV IRCSS, Padua, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ferrazzi
- Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Alaibac
- Unit of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Simone Mocellin
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy.,Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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