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Mattia A, Thompson A, Lee SK, Hong HG, Green WH, Cognetta AB. Superficial X-ray in the treatment of nonaggressive basal and squamous cell carcinoma in the elderly: A 22-year retrospective analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:1052-1054. [PMID: 38224912 PMCID: PMC11015976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Thompson
- Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Sang Kyu Lee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Hyokyoung G Hong
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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2
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Yoon YE, Jung YJ, Lee SJ. The Anticancer Activities of Natural Terpenoids That Inhibit Both Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4423. [PMID: 38674007 PMCID: PMC11050645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of two major types of skin cancer, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, has been increasing worldwide. Skin cancer incidence is estimated to rise continuously over the next 20 years due to ozone depletion and an increased life expectancy. Chemotherapeutic agents could affect healthy cells, and thus may be toxic to them and cause numerous side effects or drug resistance. Phytochemicals that are naturally occurring in fruits, plants, and herbs are known to possess various bioactive properties, including anticancer properties. Although the effects of phytochemicals are relatively milder than chemotherapeutic agents, the long-term intake of phytochemicals may be effective and safe in preventing tumor development in humans. Diverse phytochemicals have shown anti-tumorigenic activities for either melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancer. In this review, we focused on summarizing recent research findings of the natural and dietary terpenoids (eucalyptol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, and ursolic acid) that have anticancer activities for both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. These terpenoids may be helpful to protect skin collectively to prevent tumorigenesis of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Yoon
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Jae Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, BK21 Four Institute of Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02846, Republic of Korea
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3
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Crisan D, Tarnowietzki E, Bernhard L, Möller M, Scharffetter-Kochanek K, Crisan M, Schneider LA. Rationale for Using High-Frequency Ultrasound as a Routine Examination in Skin Cancer Surgery: A Practical Approach. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2152. [PMID: 38610917 PMCID: PMC11012407 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound and high-frequency ultrasound assessment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in the pre-therapeutical setting is becoming increasingly popular in the field of dermatosurgery and dermatooncology, as it can provide clinicians with relevant, "in vivo" parameters regarding tumor lateral and depth extension as well as potential locoregional spread, cancelling the need of more extensive imaging methods and avoiding a delay in diagnosis. Furthermore, preoperative sonography and color Doppler can aid in orienting the clinical diagnosis, being able in numerous situations to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions, which require a different therapeutic approach. This preoperative knowledge is of paramount importance for planning an individualized treatment regimen. Using sonography at the time of diagnosis, important surgical complications, such as neurovascular damage, can be avoided by performing a preoperative neurovascular mapping. Furthermore, sonography can help reduce the number of surgical steps by identifying the lesions' extent prior to surgery, but it can also spare unnecessary surgical interventions in cases of locally advanced lesions, which infiltrate the bone or already present with locoregional metastases, which usually require modern radiooncological therapies in accordance to European guidelines. With this review, we intend to summarize the current indications of sonography in the field of skin cancer surgery, which can help us improve the therapeutic attitude toward our patients and enhance patient counseling. In the era of modern systemic radiooncological therapies, sonography can help better select patients who qualify for surgical procedures or require systemic treatments due to tumoral extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Crisan
- Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University Clinic Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Evelyne Tarnowietzki
- Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University Clinic Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukas Bernhard
- Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University Clinic Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Melina Möller
- Clinic of Dermatology and Allergology, University Clinic Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Maria Crisan
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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4
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Antonetti P, Pellegrini C, Caponio C, Bruni M, Dragone L, Mastrangelo M, Esposito M, Fargnoli MC. Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Bowen's Disease: A Review on Efficacy, Non-Invasive Treatment Monitoring, Tolerability, and Cosmetic Outcome. Biomedicines 2024; 12:795. [PMID: 38672152 PMCID: PMC11048221 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bowen's disease represents the in situ form of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; although it has an excellent prognosis, 3-5% of lesions progress to invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, with a higher risk in immunocompromised patients. Treatment is therefore always necessary, and conventional photodynamic therapy is a first-line option. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical response, recurrence rates, safety, and cosmetic outcome of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of Bowen's disease, considering different protocols in terms of photosensitizers, light source, and combination treatments. Photodynamic therapy is a valuable option for tumors at sites where wound healing is poor/delayed, in the case of multiple and/or large tumors, and where surgery would be difficult or invasive. Dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy can be used as valuable tools for monitoring the therapeutic response. The treatment is generally well tolerated, with mild side effects, and is associated with a good/excellent cosmetic outcome. Periodic follow-up after photodynamic therapy is essential because of the risk of recurrence and progression to cSCC. As the incidence of keratinocyte tumors increases, the therapeutic space for photodynamic therapy will further increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Antonetti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Cristina Pellegrini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Chiara Caponio
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Manfredo Bruni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Dragone
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Mirco Mastrangelo
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
| | - Maria Esposito
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Maria Concetta Fargnoli
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.A.); (C.P.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.E.)
- Dermatology Unit, Ospedale San Salvatore, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
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5
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Crasto D, Taylor D, Weiss E, Tolkachjov S. Dermatology by Dermatologists. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2024; 17:6-7. [PMID: 38638187 PMCID: PMC11022843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- David Crasto
- Dr. Crasto is a PGY-4 Dermatology resident at Larkin Community Hospital in South Miami, Florida
| | - Drew Taylor
- Dr. Taylor is with Epiphany Dermatology in Aspen, Colorado
| | - Eduardo Weiss
- Dr. Weiss is with Miami Miller School of Medicine in Miami, Florida
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Granger EE, Groover M, Harwood C, Proby CM, Karn E, Murad F, Schmults CD, Ruiz ES. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma tumor accrual rates in immunosuppressed patients with autoimmune and inflammatory conditions: A retrospective cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:731-738. [PMID: 38043592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppression is a known risk factor for the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), especially in solid organ transplant recipients and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, this risk is less well defined in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. OBJECTIVE Assess the impact that disease-type, duration of immunosuppression, and systemic medications have on CSCC accrual rates, defined as the number of CSCCs a patient develops per year, in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. METHODS Retrospective review of 94 immunosuppressed (rheumatoid arthritis: 31[33.0%], inflammatory bowel disease: 17[18.1%], psoriasis: 11[11.7%], autoimmune other (AO): 24[25.5%], inflammatory other: 21[22.3%]) and 188 immunocompetent controls to identify all primary, invasive CSCCs diagnosed from 2010 to 2020. RESULTS Immunosuppressed patients had higher CSCC accrual rates than immunocompetent controls (0.44 ± 0.36): total cohort (0.82 ± 0.95, P < .01), rheumatoid arthritis (0.88 ± 1.10, P < .01), inflammatory bowel disease (0.94 ± 0.88, P < .01), psoriasis (1.06 ± 1.58, P < .01), AO (0.72 ± 0.56, P < .01), and inflammatory other (0.72 ± 0.61, P < .01). There was an association between increased tumor accrual rates and exposure to systemic medications including, immunomodulators, tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors, non-tumor necrosis factor inhibitor biologics, and corticosteroids, but not with number of systemic medication class exposures or duration of immunosuppression. LIMITATIONS Retrospective, singlecenter study. CONCLUSION Patients with autoimmune and inflammatory conditions accrue CSCCs at higher rates than immunocompetent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Granger
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Morgan Groover
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine Harwood
- Department of Dermatology, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte M Proby
- Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Karn
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fadi Murad
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chrysalyne D Schmults
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emily S Ruiz
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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7
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Zambrano-Román M, Padilla-Gutiérrez JR, Valle Y, Muñoz-Valle JF, Guevara-Gutiérrez E, López-Olmos PA, Sepúlveda-Loza LC, Bautista-Herrera LA, Valdés-Alvarado E. PTCH1 Gene Variants, mRNA Expression, and Bioinformatics Insights in Mexican Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:191. [PMID: 38534460 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) constitutes 20% of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) cases. PTCH1, a tumor suppressor gene involved in the Sonic hedgehog signaling pathway, plays a crucial role in neoplastic processes. METHODS An analytical cross-sectional study, encompassing 211 cSCC patients and 290 individuals in a control group (CG), was performed. A subgroup of samples was considered for the relative expression analysis, and the results were obtained using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) with TaqMan® probes. The functional, splicing, and disease-causing effects of the proposed variants were explored via bioinformatics. RESULTS cSCC was predominant in men, especially in sun-exposed areas such as the head and neck. No statistically significant differences were found regarding the rs357564, rs2236405, rs2297086, and rs41313327 variants of PTCH1, or in the risk of cSCC, nor in the mRNA expression between the cSCC group and CG. A functional effect of rs357564 and a disease-causing relation to rs41313327 was identified. CONCLUSION The proposed variants were not associated with cSCC risk in this Mexican population, but we recognize the need for analyzing larger population groups to elucidate the disease-causing role of rare variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianela Zambrano-Román
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Jorge R Padilla-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Yeminia Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Guevara-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Dermatología, Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
| | - Patricia Aidé López-Olmos
- Departamento de Dermatología, Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco "Dr. José Barba Rubio", Secretaría de Salud Jalisco, Zapopan 45190, Mexico
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Valdés-Alvarado
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
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Manca R, Dattolo A, Valenzano F, Castriota M, Martella A, Galdo G, Argenziano G, Abeni D, Fania L. Proposal of a new dermoscopic criterion for pigmented basal cell carcinoma: a multicentre retrospective study. Dermatol Reports 2024; 16:9691. [PMID: 38623374 PMCID: PMC11017719 DOI: 10.4081/dr.2023.9691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Dermoscopy is widely used for the diagnosis of skin cancer and it increases the accuracy of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) detection. BCC dermoscopic criteria have been updated and divided into vascular, pigment-related, and non-vascular/non-pigment-related. Our multicenter retrospective study tested a new dermoscopic pigment-related characteristic to detect pigmented BCC (pBCC) [brown homogeneous blotches (BHB)]. Cases of pBCC were collected from the databases of IDI-IRCCS of Rome and from three Italian private dermatology centers. BHB are confined patches of brown uniform pigmentation without dermoscopic features (net, fat fingers, etc.) or other internal dermoscopic structures, except for occasional vascular ones like arborizing vessels or globules/dots. Melanocytic and non-melanocytic controls were used. We reviewed photos of 270 pigmented lesions (female 145; 51.8%), including 90 histopathologically verified pBCC and 180 control cases (90 melanocytic and 90 non-melanocytic). BHB were found in 61 cases of 90 pBCC patients. The results showed a 67.8 sensitivity, 93.3 specificity, 83.6 positive and 85.3 negative predictive values, posLR 10.2, negLR 0.3, odds ratio 29.4, p<0.001. Our multicentre retrospective analysis suggested the BHB may be a novel dermoscopic pBCC diagnosis criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Dattolo
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Rome
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luca Fania
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Rome
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Seretis K, Sfaelos K, Boptsi E, Gaitanis G, Bassukas ID. The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Biomarker in Cutaneous Oncology: A Systematic Review of Evidence beyond Malignant Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1044. [PMID: 38473401 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
With the ongoing progress of basic research along with the introduction of new pharmaceutical options spanning almost all therapeutic areas, the need for biomarkers that will be implemented into the personalized medical approach is higher than ever. Their use can be incorporated into clinical practice and can be applied to the classification of disorders and the evaluation of disease severity but also to the monitoring of the progress of therapeutic/pharmaceutical interventions. This systematic review collects the findings of hematologic biomarkers in various cutaneous malignancies, excluding malignant melanoma, to support their potential use in the prognosis but also in the assessment of therapeutic strategies for the specific category of skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Seretis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Sfaelos
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elena Boptsi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios Gaitanis
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis D Bassukas
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
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Iliescu C, Beiu C, Slavu I, Racoviță A, Orlov Slavu C. Clinical Insights and Dermatological Recommendations for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers (NMSCs) in Long-Term Hydroxyurea (HU) Therapy. Cureus 2024; 16:e57133. [PMID: 38681414 PMCID: PMC11055605 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU), an anti-metabolite ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor, is commonly used to treat several myeloproliferative disorders, including polycythemia vera. However, patients receiving long-term treatment with HU may experience a variety of cutaneous side effects, with non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) emerging as the most challenging and destructive. HU-induced carcinogenesis can be attributed to both the drug's mutagenic potential and impaired DNA repair following damage by external triggers such as ultraviolet light. We report a unique case of multiple aggressive NMSCs distributed within sun-exposed areas in an 81-year-old woman receiving chronic therapy with HU for 15 years. The case draws the clinician's attention to the increased incidence of NMSCs in this population and highlights the need for regular dermatologic monitoring. We also elaborate relevant insights and recommendations to assist healthcare providers in managing HU-related NMSCs development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Iliescu
- Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Cristina Beiu
- Oncologic Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Iulian Slavu
- General Surgery, "Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu" Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Andreea Racoviță
- Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Cristina Orlov Slavu
- Oncology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
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11
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Vieira ÉC, Marcolino MS, Guedes ACM, Maciel MMMD, dos Santos WF, Pimentel LCF, Gomes PR, Bressan A, Farah KDP, Araújo MG. Frequency of skin diseases in renal transplant recipients and patients with chronic kidney disease in a tertiary center: a cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2024; 142:2023148. [PMID: 38422240 PMCID: PMC10885634 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2023.0148.r1.29112023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased in the recent decades, along with the number of patients in the terminal stages of this disease, requiring transplantation. Some skin disorders are more frequent in patients with CKD and in renal transplant recipients (RTR). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency of skin diseases in RTR and patients with CKD receiving conservative treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING This observational cross-sectional study recruited consecutive patients with CKD and RTR from a nephrology clinic at a teaching hospital in Brazil between 2015 and 2020. METHODS Quantitative, descriptive, and analytical approaches were used. The sample was selected based on convenience sampling. Data were collected from dermatological visits and participants' medical records. RESULTS Overall, 308 participants were included: 206 RTR (66.9%, median age: 48 years, interquartile range [IQR] 38.0-56.0, 63.6% men) and 102 patients with CKD (33.1%, median age: 61.0 years, IQR 50.0-71.2, 48% men). The frequency of infectious skin diseases (39.3% vs. 21.6% P = 0.002) were higher in RTR than in patients with CKD. Neoplastic skin lesions were present in nine (4.4%) RTR and in only one (1.0%) patient with CKD. Among the RTR, the ratio of basal cell carcinoma to squamous cell carcinoma was 2:1. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that an increased frequency of infectious skin diseases may be expected in patients who have undergone kidney transplantation. Among skin cancers, BCC is more frequently observed in RTR, especially in those using azathioprine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érica Cristina Vieira
- MD, Masters Student. Dermatologist, Attending physician, Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (UFMG/EBSERH) Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Milena Soriano Marcolino
- MD, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil; Coordinator of Scientific Division, Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Martins Guedes
- MD, PhD. Dermatologist. Attending Physician, Dermatology Outpatient Clinic Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Wandilza Fátima dos Santos
- MD. Dermatologist, Attending physician, Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Luciana Consoli Fernandes Pimentel
- MD. Dermatologist, Attending physician, Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Paulo Rodrigues Gomes
- Masters Student. Analyst Programmer, Telehealth Network of Minas Gerais, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Anita Bressan
- Medical Student, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Kátia de Paula Farah
- PhD. Associate Professor Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil Nephrology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Marcelo Grossi Araújo
- PhD. Associate Professor, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil; Leprosy Clinic Coordinator. Dermatology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
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12
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Seretis K, Boptsi E, Boptsi A. Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Agents for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2617. [PMID: 38473864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Standard non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) treatment involves surgery, recently combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy in cases of advanced tumors. EVs, including exosomes, are integral to carcinogenesis, and are found in NMSC releasing mediators impacting tumor progression. Nevertheless, the precise intercellular signaling role of NMSC-derived EVs remains unclear. This review aims to elucidate their potential role in NMSC diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review encompassed literature searches in electronic databases from inception to September 2023, based on certain inclusion and exclusion criteria, addressing NMSC-derived EVs, their molecular cargo, and their implications in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of NMSC. Key components were identified. Extracellular vesicle (EV) proteins and RNA have emerged as diagnostic biomarkers in EV-based liquid biopsy. Circular RNA CYP24A1, known for its molecular stability, holds promise as a diagnostic biomarker. Long noncoding RNAs (lincRNA-PICSAR) and Desmoglein 2 (DSg2) are linked to drug resistance, serving as prognostic biomarkers. EV mediators are being actively investigated for their potential role as drug delivery agents. In conclusion, this systematic review showed that NMSC-derived EVs display promise as therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers. Further research is imperative to fully comprehend EV mechanisms and explore their potential in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Seretis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45100 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Boptsi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45100 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anastasia Boptsi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45100 Ioannina, Greece
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Baltrušaitytė K, Zacharevskij E, Pilipaitytė L, Braziulis K, Petkevičius A. Assessment of Standard Surgical Excision Efficacy and Analysis of Recurrence-Associated Factors in 343 Cases of Nasal Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:513. [PMID: 38470624 PMCID: PMC10931200 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In Caucasians, basal cell carcinoma, the predominant non-melanoma skin cancer type, poses challenges for surgeons due to anatomical and aesthetic concerns, particularly when located on the nose. The study aimed to evaluate tumor distribution, size, morphological subtypes, surgical outcomes, radicality levels, and their correlation with recurrence rates. A retrospective analysis encompassed 343 cases of nasal skin cancer over a four-year period from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2022. The research cohort comprised 252 female and 91 male participants, averaging 75.2 years old. Tumors were most found on the left sidewall of the nose (25.4%) and the dorsum (24.8%). The infiltrative morphological subtype was predominant (70.8%). Standard surgical excision with fasciocutaneous plastic was the preferred surgical procedure. Radical excision, defined by the absence of tumor cells in a resection margin, was accomplished in 79.0% of lesions, whereas 16.9% demonstrated incomplete excision, signifying the presence of tumor cells in the resection margin. Non-radically excised tumors exhibited a significantly higher recurrence rate (24.1%) compared to those with radical excision (6.3%). In nasal reconstruction, diverse surgical techniques are essential for precise adaptation based on factors like tumor characteristics and patient needs. Despite surgeons' careful adherence to excision margin guidelines, the possibility of non-radical outcome cannot be eliminated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernest Zacharevskij
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (L.P.); (K.B.)
| | - Loreta Pilipaitytė
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (L.P.); (K.B.)
| | - Kęstutis Braziulis
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.Z.); (L.P.); (K.B.)
| | - Arūnas Petkevičius
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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14
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Kowalski S, Karska J, Tota M, Skinderowicz K, Kulbacka J, Drąg-Zalesińska M. Natural Compounds in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Prevention and Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:728. [PMID: 38338469 PMCID: PMC10856721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The elevated occurrence of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and the adverse effects associated with available treatments adversely impact the quality of life in multiple dimensions. In connection with this, there is a necessity for alternative approaches characterized by increased tolerance and lower side effects. Natural compounds could be employed due to their safety profile and effectiveness for inflammatory and neoplastic skin diseases. These anti-cancer drugs are often derived from natural sources such as marine, zoonotic, and botanical origins. Natural compounds should exhibit anti-carcinogenic actions through various pathways, influencing apoptosis potentiation, cell proliferation inhibition, and metastasis suppression. This review provides an overview of natural compounds used in cancer chemotherapies, chemoprevention, and promotion of skin regeneration, including polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamins, alkaloids, terpenoids, isothiocyanates, cannabinoids, carotenoids, and ceramides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Kowalski
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.K.); (M.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Julia Karska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 10, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Maciej Tota
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.K.); (M.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Skinderowicz
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.K.); (M.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
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15
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Metko D, Mehta S, Mcmullen E, Bednar ED, Abu-Hilal M. A systematic review of the risk of cutaneous malignancy associated with ultraviolet nail lamps: what is the price of beauty? Eur J Dermatol 2024; 34:26-30. [PMID: 38557455 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2024.4616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Gel manicures have become part of a popular personal care service in the last two decades due to increased longevity of the polish and the added strength to the nail plate. Prolonged exposure to nail ultraviolet (UV) lamps is required to cure the gel polish. Despite the increased use of UV nail lamps, there is limited consensus in the literature on the risk of skin malignancy associated with UV nail lamps. The objective of this article was to provide a systematic review of the risk of skin malignancy associated with the use of UV nail lamps and to synthesize evidence-based recommendations on their safe usage. A systematic review of the literature was conducted on the databases, Medline and Embase, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The search yielded 2,331 non-duplicate articles. Nine were ultimately included, of which three were case reports, one was a cross-sectional study, and five were experimental studies. The risk of bias per the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines was high or unclear, likely due to the number of case reports included. Prolonged and repeated exposure to UV nail lamps may pose a low risk of skin cancer. It is important to note that the available evidence is weak, and patients should be informed about the limited data to make their own decisions. Dermatologists and other healthcare providers should be updated with the latest evidence to address patients' concerns about gel manicures and suggest practices which can effectively reduce the risk of cutaneous malignancy associated with gel manicures, such as the use of UV-blocking gloves or properly applied sunscreens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dea Metko
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shanti Mehta
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Mcmullen
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - E Dimitra Bednar
- Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Nikolakis G, Vaiopoulos AG, Georgopoulos I, Papakonstantinou E, Gaitanis G, Zouboulis CC. Insights, Advantages, and Barriers of Teledermatology vs. Face-to-Face Dermatology for the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:578. [PMID: 38339329 PMCID: PMC10854718 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teledermatology is employed in the diagnosis and follow-up of skin cancer and its use was intensified during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, demographic changes result in an overall increase in non-melanoma skin cancer and skin precancerous lesions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of teledermatology in comparison to conventional face-to-face dermatology for such lesions and determine the advantages and limitations of this workflow for patients and physicians. METHODS Research was performed using relevant keywords in MEDLINE and CENTRAL. Relevant articles were chosen following a predetermined standardized extraction form. RESULTS Diagnostic accuracy and interrater/intrarater agreement can be considered comparable-although lower-than in-person consultation. Improvement of particular features such as image quality, medical history availability, and teledermoscopy can further increase accuracy. Further aspects of limitations and advantages (mean time-to-assessment, time-to-treatment, cost-effectiveness) are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Teledermatology has comparable diagnostic accuracy with face-to-face dermatology and can be utilized both for the effective triage of non-melanocytic epithelial tumors and precancerous lesions, as well as the follow-up. Easy access to dermatologic consultation with shorter mean times to diagnostic biopsy and/or treatment coupled with cost-effectiveness could compensate for the lower sensitivity of teledermatology and offer easier access to medical care to the affected populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Nikolakis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Staedtisches Klinikum Dessau, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany;
- Docandu Ltd., London Ν8 0ES, UK;
| | - Aristeidis G. Vaiopoulos
- Second Department of Dermatology and Venereology, “Attikon” University General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Georgopoulos
- Docandu Ltd., London Ν8 0ES, UK;
- Surgical Department, “Agia Sofia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - George Gaitanis
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Staedtisches Klinikum Dessau, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany;
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Massouh N, Jaffa AA, Jaffa MA. Role of Insulin Use and Social Determinants of Health on Non-melanoma Skin Cancer: Results From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241249896. [PMID: 38680117 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241249896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a frequent type of malignancy with a steadily increasing incidence rate worldwide. Although NMSC was shown to be associated with diabetes, no studies have addressed the extent to which insulin use influences the risk of NMSC in light of social determinants of health (SDOH). We conducted a quantitative study that examined the interplay between insulin use, SDOH, additional covariates, and NMSC among individuals with diabetes. METHODS We based our analysis on the 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a national survey conducted yearly in the US. We performed weighted chi-squared test, logistic regression, and survival analyses on 8685 eligible participants with diabetes enrolled in the BRFSS. RESULTS Kaplan Meier survival curves showed higher probability of NMSC event-free survival for participants with diabetes using insulin compared to participants with diabetes not using insulin (log-rank test P < .001). Significant associations were detected between insulin use and reduced odds of NMSC (OR .56; 95% CI: .38-.82), and decreased hazard (HR .36; 95% CI: .21-.62), along with indices of SDOH. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that socioeconomic differences related to the healthcare system and behavioral patterns are linked to discrepancies in the use of insulin and the development of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Massouh
- Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ayad A Jaffa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Miran A Jaffa
- Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Salido-Vallejo R, Escribano-Castillo L, Antoñanzas J, Roldán-Córdoba C, Velez A, Aguado-Gil L. Prognostic Outcomes of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7619. [PMID: 38137687 PMCID: PMC10744076 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cutaneous neoplasm, and its incidence is on the rise. While most cSCCs have an excellent prognosis, certain risk factors, especially immunosuppression, have been associated with higher rates of local recurrence (LR), metastasis, and poor prognosis. This study aims to assess the risk factors for LR and metastasis development in cSCC among solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) and compare these rates with those in immunocompetent patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective observational study included cSCC cases from the University Hospital Reina Sofía in Córdoba, Spain, between 2002 and 2019. Demographic, clinical, and histopathological data were collected. Local recurrence and metastasis rates were analyzed, along with progression-free survival. Univariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors in SOTRs. RESULTS Among 849 cSCC cases, we found higher rates of local recurrence and metastasis in tumors developed by SOTRs compared to those in immunocompetent individuals. However, no significant differences in local recurrence, metastasis, or progression-free survival were observed between the two groups. Risk factors for adverse outcomes in SOTRs included tumor size > 2 cm, depth > 4 mm, and a higher Clark level. A total of 34.4% of SOTRs developed a second primary cSCC during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In our study, cSCCs in SOTRs did not exhibit statistically significant differences in the rates of adverse outcomes compared to immunocompetent patients. The prognosis of cSCCs in SOTRs may be more related to other tumor-dependent risk factors than to the immunosuppression status itself. Future studies are needed to refine risk stratification and follow-up protocols to ensure the optimal management of high-risk cSCC cases, particularly among immunosuppressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Salido-Vallejo
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.A.); (L.A.-G.)
- Department of Dermatology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
| | | | - Javier Antoñanzas
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.A.); (L.A.-G.)
| | | | - Antonio Velez
- Department of Dermatology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Leyre Aguado-Gil
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinic of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.A.); (L.A.-G.)
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Seretis K, Bounas N, Sioka C. The Association of Vitamin D with Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:2130. [PMID: 38138233 PMCID: PMC10744959 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Previous studies revealed the anti-angiogenic, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects of Vitamin D (VitD) on cancer cells. Although this body of evidence supported the correlation of high VitD levels with reduced incidence rates for various malignancies, contradictory results were reported regarding non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The aim of this overview was to summarize the available evidence from the existing pool of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, focusing on VitD serum status, dietary intake, and VitD receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in correlation to NMSC incidence. Materials and Methods: A literature search in electronic databases was conducted from inception to January 2023. The inclusion criteria were systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in peer-reviewed journals, evaluating VitD serum levels, dietary and/or supplementary intake, or VDR gene polymorphisms, and reporting data on NMSC. Results: A total of 10 studies were included in the data analysis models. A positive association between VitD serum levels and NMSC is highlighted. However, dietary/supplementation of VitD does not exhibit a likewise strong linkage to NMSC. Despite the contradictory findings, VDR polymorphisms may play a crucial role in the intricate NMSC pathogenesis. Conclusions: This umbrella review shows that high VitD levels are associated with increased NMSC incidence, potentially due to its direct correlation with increased sun exposure. Further research on VDR polymorphisms is suggested to explore their true effect size on NMSC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Seretis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (K.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Nikolaos Bounas
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (K.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Chrissa Sioka
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Placidi E, Fionda B, Rosa E, Lancellotta V, Napolitano A, Angeli MD, Pastore F, Gambacorta MA, Indovina L, Tagliaferri L, Spirito MD. Dosimetric impact of applying a model-based dose calculation algorithm for skin cancer brachytherapy (interventional radiotherapy). J Contemp Brachytherapy 2023; 15:448-452. [PMID: 38230401 PMCID: PMC10789159 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2023.134173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Brachytherapy (BT, interventional radiotherapy) is a well-established radiotherapy technique capable of delivering high doses to tumors while sparing organs at risk (OARs). Currently, the clinically accepted dose calculation algorithm used is TG-43. In the TG-186 report, new model-based dose calculation algorithms (MBDCA), such as Elekta's advanced collapsed cone engine (ACE), have been introduced, although their clinical application is yet to be fully realized. This study aimed to investigate two aspects of TG-186: firstly, a comparison of dose distributions calculated with TG-43 and TG-186 for skin tumors; and secondly, an exploration of the impact of using a water bolus on the coverage of clinical target volume (CTV) and OARs. Material and methods Ten treatment plans for high-dose-rate IRT were developed. All plans were initially calculated using the TG-43 algorithm, and were subsequently re-calculated with TG-186. In addition, one of the treatment plans was assessed with both TG-43 and TG-186, using 10 different water bolus thicknesses ranging from 0 to 5 cm. To assess dose variations, the following dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters were compared: D2cc and D0.01cc for OARs, and V150, V100, V95 and V90 for CTV coverage. Results and conclusions The average dosimetric results for CTV and OARs, as calculated by both algorithms, revealed statistically significant lower values for TG-186 when compared with TG-43. The presence of a bolus was observed to enhance CTV coverage for the TG-186 algorithm, with a bolus thickness of 2 cm being the point at which ACE calculations matched those of TG-43. This study identified significant differences in dosimetric parameters for skin tumors when comparing the TG-43 and TG-186 algorithms. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the inclusion of a water bolus increased CTV coverage in TG-186 calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Placidi
- UOC Fisica per le Scienze della Vita, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Fionda
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica Ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Rosa
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Lancellotta
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica Ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Department of Medical Physics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina De Angeli
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica Ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pastore
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica Ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Gambacorta
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica Ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Radiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Indovina
- UOC Fisica per le Scienze della Vita, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica Ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- UOC Fisica per le Scienze della Vita, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Yansong L, Juan W, Hongtao Z, Zezhou L, Xiaohua S, Huanfen Z, Rongmei Z, Jianqi Y. Personalized 125I Seed Interstitial Brachytherapy for Patients Aged 80 Years and Over with Early Primary High-risk Non-melanoma Skin Cancer. Curr Radiopharm 2023; 17:CRP-EPUB-136299. [PMID: 38018208 DOI: 10.2174/0118744710240256231103095018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore the safety and efficacy of iodine-125 seeds interstitial brachytherapy (PISI-BT) for patients aged 80 and above with early primary high-risk non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). METHODS In this retrospective single-center study, we collected and analyzed data from patients ≥ 80 years of age with early primary high-risk NMSC treated with PISI-BT between December 2003 and May 2020. Survival status, efficacy, adverse effects (AEs), cosmetic outcomes, and treatment cost were analyzed (data cut-off: November 20th, 2021). RESULTS Only 9 patients met the inclusion criteria (median age, 86 years (81-90)). Five patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 1, and allthe patients had at least one comorbidity. Six patients showed complete responseand three showed partial response, while none had stable or progressive disease. No recurrences, disease persistence, or AEs were detected during the follow-up period. After a median follow-up of 29.3 months (3-99), only two patients were alive, but the cause of death in the remaining patients was not related to NMSC. The cosmetic outcomes were excellent and good in two and four patients, respectively, while they could not be evaluated in three patients. The cost (which was within the scope of medical insurance reimbursement) was acceptable. CONCLUSION PISI-BT could be an alternative treatment option in patients above 80 years old with early primary high-risk NMSC and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yansong
- Department of Oncology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace WestRoad348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wang Juan
- Department of Oncology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace WestRoad348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhang Hongtao
- Department of Oncology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace WestRoad348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Liu Zezhou
- Department of Oncology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace WestRoad348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Su Xiaohua
- Department of Oncology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace WestRoad348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhao Huanfen
- Department of Pathology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace West Road 348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhao Rongmei
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace WestRoad 348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yin Jianqi
- Department of Dermatology, The Hebei General Hospital, Peace West Road348, 050051 Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
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22
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Bozsányi S, Boostani M, Farkas K, Hamilton-Meikle P, Varga NN, Szabó B, Vasanits F, Kuroli E, Meznerics FA, Lőrincz K, Holló P, Bánvölgyi A, Wikonkál NM, Paragh G, Kiss N. Optically Guided High-Frequency Ultrasound to Differentiate High-Risk Basal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes: A Single-Centre Prospective Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6910. [PMID: 37959375 PMCID: PMC10648659 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in the Caucasian population. Currently, invasive biopsy is the only way of establishing the histological subtype (HST) that determines the treatment options. Our study aimed to evaluate whether optically guided high-frequency ultrasound (OG-HFUS) imaging could differentiate aggressive HST BCCs from low-risk tumors. METHODS We conducted prospective clinical and dermoscopic examinations of BCCs, followed by 33 MHz OG-HFUS imaging, surgical excision, and a histological analysis. We enrolled 75 patients with 78 BCCs. In total, 63 BCCs were utilized to establish a novel OG-HFUS risk classification algorithm, while 15 were employed for the validation of this algorithm. The mean age of the patients was 72.9 ± 11.2 years. Histology identified 16 lesions as aggressive HST (infiltrative or micronodular subtypes) and 47 as low-risk HST (superficial or nodular subtypes). To assess the data, we used a one-sided Fisher's exact test for a categorical analysis and a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS OG-HFUS distinguished aggressive BCC HSTs by their irregular shape (p < 0.0001), ill-defined margins (p < 0.0001), and non-homogeneous internal echoes (p = 0.004). We developed a risk-categorizing algorithm that differentiated aggressive HSTs from low-risk HSTs with a higher sensitivity (82.4%) and specificity (91.3%) than a combined macroscopic and dermoscopic evaluation (sensitivity: 40.1% and specificity: 73.1%). The positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) for dermoscopy were 30.2% and 76.8%, respectively. In comparison, the OG-HFUS-based algorithm demonstrated a PPV of 94.7% and an NPV of 78.6%. We verified the algorithm using an independent image set, n = 15, including 12 low-risk and 3 high-risk (high-risk) with two blinded evaluators, where we found a sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 91.66%. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that OG-HFUS can identify aggressive BCC HSTs based on easily identifiable morphological parameters, supporting early therapeutic decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Bozsányi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Mehdi Boostani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Klára Farkas
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Phyllida Hamilton-Meikle
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Noémi Nóra Varga
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Boglárka Szabó
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Flóra Vasanits
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Enikő Kuroli
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Fanni Adél Meznerics
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Kende Lőrincz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Péter Holló
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - András Bánvölgyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Norbert M. Wikonkál
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA;
| | - Norbert Kiss
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (M.B.); (K.F.); (P.H.-M.); (N.N.V.); (B.S.); (F.V.); (E.K.); (F.A.M.); (K.L.); (P.H.); (A.B.); (N.M.W.)
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Kim S, Day CM, Song Y, Holmes A, Garg S. Innovative Topical Patches for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: Current Challenges and Key Formulation Considerations. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2577. [PMID: 38004557 PMCID: PMC10674480 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most prevalent malignancy worldwide, with approximately 6.3 million new cases worldwide in 2019. One of the key management strategies for NMSC is a topical treatment usually utilised for localised and early-stage disease owing to its non-invasive nature. However, the efficacy of topical agents is often hindered by poor drug penetration and patient adherence. Therefore, various research groups have employed advanced drug delivery systems, including topical patches to overcome the problem of conventional topical treatments. This review begins with an overview of NMSC as well as the current landscape of topical treatments for NMSC, specifically focusing on the emerging technology of topical patches. A detailed discussion of their potential to overcome the limitations of existing therapies will then follow. Most importantly, to the best of our knowledge, this work unprecedentedly combines and discusses all the current advancements in innovative topical patches for the treatment of NMSC. In addition to this, the authors present our insights into the key considerations and emerging trends in the construction of these advanced topical patches. This review is meant for researchers and clinicians to consider utilising advanced topical patch systems in research and clinical trials toward localised interventions of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sanjay Garg
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; (S.K.); (C.M.D.); (Y.S.); (A.H.)
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24
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Branciforti F, Meiburger KM, Zavattaro E, Veronese F, Tarantino V, Mazzoletti V, Cristo ND, Savoia P, Salvi M. Impact of artificial intelligence-based color constancy on dermoscopical assessment of skin lesions: A comparative study. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13508. [PMID: 38009044 PMCID: PMC10603308 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of dermoscopic images is affected by lighting conditions, operator experience, and device calibration. Color constancy algorithms reduce this variability by making images appear as if they were acquired under the same conditions, allowing artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods to achieve better results. The impact of color constancy algorithms has not yet been evaluated from a clinical dermatologist's workflow point of view. Here we propose an in-depth investigation of the impact of an AI-based color constancy algorithm, called DermoCC-GAN, on the skin lesion diagnostic routine. METHODS Three dermatologists, with different experience levels, carried out two assignments. The clinical experts evaluated key parameters such as perceived image quality, lesion diagnosis, and diagnosis confidence. RESULTS When the DermoCC-GAN color constancy algorithm was applied, the dermoscopic images were perceived to be of better quality overall. An increase in classification performance was observed, reaching a maximum accuracy of 74.67% for a six-class classification task. Finally, the use of normalized images results in an increase in the level of self-confidence in the qualitative diagnostic routine. CONCLUSIONS From the conducted analysis, it is evident that the impact of AI-based color constancy algorithms, such as DermoCC-GAN, is positive and brings qualitative benefits to the clinical practitioner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Branciforti
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Electronics and TelecommunicationsPolitecnico di TorinoTurinItaly
| | - Kristen M. Meiburger
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Electronics and TelecommunicationsPolitecnico di TorinoTurinItaly
| | - Elisa Zavattaro
- Department of Health ScienceUniversity of Eastern PiedmontNovaraItaly
| | | | | | | | - Nunzia Di Cristo
- Department of Health ScienceUniversity of Eastern PiedmontNovaraItaly
| | - Paola Savoia
- Department of Health ScienceUniversity of Eastern PiedmontNovaraItaly
| | - Massimo Salvi
- Biolab, PolitoBIOMed Lab, Department of Electronics and TelecommunicationsPolitecnico di TorinoTurinItaly
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25
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Gao M, Guo H, Han J, Liu J, Hou Y, Wang Z, Yang Z, Wang Q. Bromoform exposure is associated with non-melanoma skin cancer: evidence from NHANES 2011-2020. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1191881. [PMID: 37927885 PMCID: PMC10624123 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1191881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a prevalent skin malignancy. It has been indicated in many studies that trihalomethanes (THMs) exposure has a strong association with tumors but has not been associated with NMSC. Our investigation aims to explore the association between THMs exposure and NMSC. Methods Cross-sectional data from the 2011 to 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was collected. Poisson regression and subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the association between individual THMs components and NMSC. Fitted smoothing curves and generalized additive models were also used. Results This study involved 5,715 individuals, 98 (1.7%) of whom self-reported NMSC. After adjusting for covariates, Poisson regression showed that higher blood TBM levels were associated with an increased likelihood of NMSC (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.05, p = 0.002). However, the correlation between the blood levels of TCM, DBCM, and BDCM and the likelihood of NMSC was not statistically significant (all p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis and interaction tests showed no significant differences between blood TBM concentration and the likelihood of NMSC, indicating that age, gender, and race were significantly independent of this positive association (all p < 0.05). Conclusions Our results implied that among adults older than 65 years old in the U.S., elevated blood TBM concentrations were positively associated with NMSC. More prospective investigations are required to validate this relationship with the early prevention of NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiying Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Bakker D, Bakker WJ, Bekkenk MW, Luiten RM. Immunity against Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer and the Effect of Immunosuppressive Medication on Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Risk in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. Cells 2023; 12:2441. [PMID: 37887285 PMCID: PMC10605268 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) occur frequently in the Caucasian population and are considered a burden for health care. Risk factors include ultraviolet (UV) radiation, ethnicity and immunosuppression. The incidence of NMSC is significantly higher in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) than in immunocompetent individuals, due to immunosuppressive medication use by SOTRs. While the immunosuppressive agents, calcineurin inhibitors and purine analogues increase the incidence of NMSC in transplant recipients, mTOR inhibitors do not. This is most likely due to the different immunological pathways that are inhibited by each class of drug. This review will focus on what is currently known about the immune response against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), two of the main types of NMSC. Furthermore, we will describe the different classes of immunosuppressants given to SOTRs, which part of the immune system they target and how they can contribute to NMSC development. The risk of developing NMSC in SOTRs is the result of a combination of inhibiting immunological pathways involved in immunosurveillance against NMSC and the direct (pro/anti) tumor effects of immunosuppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixie Bakker
- Department of Dermatology, Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Walbert J. Bakker
- Department of Dermatology, Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel W. Bekkenk
- Department of Dermatology, Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University of Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalie M. Luiten
- Department of Dermatology, Netherlands Institute for Pigment Disorders, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kim PJ, Lansang RP, Ko E, Abu-Hilal M. Incidence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in patients with celiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Dermatol 2023; 33:506-513. [PMID: 38297926 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2023.4565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
There is conflicting observational evidence regarding the association between skin cancer and celiac disease (CD). The purpose of this review was to investigate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of skin cancer incidence between patients with and without CD. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched on October 27th, 2021 and eight articles were identified for review. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Seven articles were included in meta-analysis for a pooled estimate of IRR across all skin cancers, malignant melanoma (MM), and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC). In total, 74,860 CD patients were followed for 710,214 person-years in the meta-analysis. Overall combined incidence was 99.8 cases per 100,000 person-years. Meta-analysis of all skin cancer incidence showed no significant difference in CD patients compared to controls (IRR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.17; p=0.29; I2: 0%). Five studies reported on MM incidence; there was no significant difference in incidence compared to controls (IRR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.72, 1.06; p=0.22; I2: 9%). Five studies reported on NMSC incidence, revealing a significantly increased risk of NMSC in CD patients (IRR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.28; p=0.04; I2: 0%). Our findings suggest a significantly increased incidence of NMSC in CD patients compared to control data and no significant association between CD and MM incidence. The findings are limited by the quantity and quality of the evidence. Nonetheless, clinicians should emphasize the importance of sun protection, such as sunscreen usage and self-examination for patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Kim
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rafael Paolo Lansang
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Ko
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohannad Abu-Hilal
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Dermatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Morton CA, Szeimies RM, Braathen LR. Review of the European Society for Photodynamic Therapy (Euro-PDT) Annual Congress 2022. Eur J Dermatol 2023; 33:467-473. [PMID: 38297922 DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2023.4562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This article reviews the 2022 European Society for Photodynamic Therapy (Euro-PDT) Annual Congress. PDT has been investigated for the treatment of a broad number of oncologic, infectious and inflammatory indications. New studies confirm the potential for wider use of topical PDT for acne and photoaging, as well as several uncommon conditions including tinea capitis, Mycobacterium marinum, cutaneous alternariosis, resistant acral warts, eyelid Bowen's disease, mycosis fungoides, pseudolymphoma, and graft-versus-host disease. Hidradenitis suppurativa patients may also benefit from intra-lesional PDT. Several methods of delivering PDT have been validated, including conventional, daylight and artificial daylight PDT. Light-emitting fabrics have emerged as an innovative solution to the delivery of uniform light over the scalp as well as anatomically-challenging sites, with opportunities now to control and monitor these devices via mobile phone applications. Pre-treatment of patients with thicker, more difficult-to-treat actinic keratoses (AK) with calcitriol appears to be a practical approach to increasing efficacy, although this is associated with increased local skin reactions. Sequential treatment of AK and photoaging with daylight-PDT and injectable NASHA gel indicates that these two therapeutic approaches offer complementary effects. Potential biomarkers may help predict responsiveness of patients with field cancerization and AK receiving daylight PDT. Over-expression of the proto-oncogene, Myc, has been observed in poor responders, whilst the tumour suppressor gene, PTEN, showed under-expression. The potential for use and methods of delivery of topical PDT for dermatological indications continue to expand the enhanced choice of treatment offered to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin A Morton
- Department of Dermatology, Stirling Community Hospital, Stirling, UK
| | - Rolf-Markus Szeimies
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Klinikum Vest GmbH Academic Teaching Hospital, Recklinghausen, Germany
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Donelli C, Suppa M, Tognetti L, Perrot JL, Calabrese L, Pérez-Anker J, Malvehy J, Rubegni P, Cinotti E. Line-Field Confocal Optical Coherence Tomography for the Diagnosis of Skin Carcinomas: Real-Life Data over Three Years. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:8853-8864. [PMID: 37887539 PMCID: PMC10604937 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30100639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) can help the clinical diagnosis of skin diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of LC-OCT for the diagnosis of the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), i.e., basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Comparing LC-OCT diagnostic performances with those of dermoscopy, histopathological examination was used as a gold standard. For every study endpoint, the diagnostic ability of LC-OCT revealed superiority over the dermoscopic examination. In particular, a significant increase in specificity was observed. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy and LC-OCT for the diagnosis of malignancy were, respectively, 0.97 (CI 0.94-0.99), 0.43 (CI 0.36-0.51), and 0.77 (CI 0.72-0.81) for dermoscopy and 0.99 (CI 0.97-1.00), 0.90 (CI 0.84-0.94), and 0.96 (CI 0.93-0.97) for LC-OCT. The positive predictive value (PPV) resulted in 0.74 (CI 0.69-0.78) for dermoscopy and 0.94 (CI 0.91-0.97) for LC-OCT, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 0.89 (CI 0.81-0.95) for dermoscopy and 0.98 (CI 0.95-1.00) for LC-OCT. Finally, our real-life study showed a potentially important role of LC-OCT in the non-invasive diagnosis of NMSCs, especially BCC. The real-time imaging technique could spare unnecessary biopsies with an increased sensitivity, a much higher specificity, and better accuracy than clinical assessment with dermoscopy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Donelli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Mariano Suppa
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Linda Tognetti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Luc Perrot
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of St-Etienne, 42270 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laura Calabrese
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Javiera Pérez-Anker
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Rubegni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Elisa Cinotti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, Dermatology Section, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Groupe d'Imagerie Cutanée Non Invasive (GICNI), Société Française de Dermatologie (SFD), 75008 Paris, France
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Bossart S, Daneluzzi C, Moor MB, Hirzel C, Heidemeyer K, Seyed Jafari SM, Hunger RE, Sidler D. HPV Vaccination in Immunosuppressed Patients with Established Skin Warts and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Single-Institutional Cohort Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1490. [PMID: 37766167 PMCID: PMC10535650 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
cSCC (cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma) and its precursors are a major cause of morbidity, especially in immunosuppressed patients, and are frequently associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. The purpose of this study is to investigate the therapeutic potential of alpha-HPV vaccination for immunosuppressed patients with established cSCC and its precursors. In this retrospective study, all patients who received Gardasil-9®, a nonavalent HPV vaccine, as secondary prophylaxis were examined. Dermatologic interventions in both the pre- and post-vaccination periods were analyzed with zero-inflated Poisson regression and a proportional intensity model for repeated events with consideration of the clinically relevant cofactors. The hazard ratio for major dermatologic interventions was 0.27 (CI 0.14-0.51, p < 0.001) between pre- and post-Gardasil-9® intervention. Gardasil-9® vaccination showed good efficacy in reducing major dermatologic interventions even after correction of relevant cofactors and national COVID-19 caseloads during the observational period. Alpha-HPV vaccination may potentially cause a significant decrease in dermatologic interventions and overall mortality as well as healthcare costs in immunosuppressed patients with high skin tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bossart
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cloé Daneluzzi
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias B Moor
- Department of Nephrology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cédric Hirzel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristine Heidemeyer
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Morteza Seyed Jafari
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert E Hunger
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Sidler
- Department of Nephrology, Inselspital University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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Daxenberger F, Deußing M, Eijkenboom Q, Gust C, Thamm J, Hartmann D, French LE, Welzel J, Schuh S, Sattler EC. Innovation in Actinic Keratosis Assessment: Artificial Intelligence-Based Approach to LC-OCT PRO Score Evaluation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4457. [PMID: 37760425 PMCID: PMC10527366 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common skin cancer in situ that can progress to invasive SCC. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) has emerged as a non-invasive imaging technique that can aid in diagnosis. Recently, machine-learning algorithms have been developed that can automatically assess the PRO score of AKs based on the dermo-epidermal junction's (DEJ's) protrusion on LC-OCT images. A dataset of 19.898 LC-OCT images from 80 histologically confirmed AK lesions was used to test the performance of a previous validated artificial intelligence (AI)-based LC-OCT assessment algorithm. AI-based PRO score assessment was compared to the imaging experts' visual score. Additionally, undulation of the DEJ, the number of protrusions detected within the image, and the maximum depth of the protrusions were computed. Our results show that AI-automated PRO grading is highly comparable to the visual score, with an agreement of 71.3% for the lesions evaluated. Furthermore, this AI-based assessment was significantly faster than the regular visual PRO score assessment. The results confirm our previous findings of the pilot study in a larger cohort that the AI-based grading of LC-OCT images is a reliable and fast tool to optimize the efficiency of visual PRO score grading. This technology has the potential to improve the accuracy and speed of AK diagnosis and may lead to better clinical outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabia Daxenberger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
| | - Maximilian Deußing
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
| | - Quirine Eijkenboom
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
| | - Charlotte Gust
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
| | - Janis Thamm
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, University of Augsburg, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
- Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Julia Welzel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, University of Augsburg, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Schuh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, University of Augsburg, 86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Elke C. Sattler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany (E.C.S.)
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Elias ML, Israeli AF, Madan R. Caffeine in Skincare: Its Role in Skin Cancer, Sun Protection, and Cosmetics. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:546-550. [PMID: 38099120 PMCID: PMC10718232 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_166_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is ubiquitous in our society-not only in the drinks consumed but also increasingly in dermatologic topicals. Given that coffee and caffeine are increasingly used for the production of many dermatologic anti-cancer topicals, sunscreens, and cosmetics, it is of imperative importance to review the basic science and clinical evidence for such claims. In this concise review, we outline the current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus L. Elias
- From the Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health, North New Hyde Park, New York, United States
| | - Alexa F. Israeli
- From the Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health, North New Hyde Park, New York, United States
| | - Raman Madan
- From the Department of Dermatology, Northwell Health, North New Hyde Park, New York, United States
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Kim TE, Chang JE. Recent Studies in Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment: From Basic Research to Clinical Trials. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2257. [PMID: 37765226 PMCID: PMC10535460 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging and less invasive treatment modality for various types of cancer. This review provides an overview of recent trends in PDT research, ranging from basic research to ongoing clinical trials, focusing on different cancer types. Lung cancer, head and neck cancer, non-melanoma skin cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer are discussed in this context. In lung cancer, porfimer sodium, chlorin e6, and verteporfin have shown promising results in preclinical studies and clinical trials. For head and neck cancer, PDT has demonstrated effectiveness as an adjuvant treatment after surgery. PDT with temoporfin, redaporfin, photochlor, and IR700 shows potential in early stage larynx cancer and recurrent head and neck carcinoma. Non-melanoma skin cancer has been effectively treated with PDT using methyl aminolevulinate and 5-aminolevulinic acid. In prostate cancer and breast cancer, PDT research is focused on developing targeted photosensitizers to improve tumor-specific uptake and treatment response. In conclusion, PDT continues to evolve as a promising cancer treatment strategy, with ongoing research spanning from fundamental investigations to clinical trials, exploring various photosensitizers and treatment combinations. This review sheds light on the recent advancements in PDT for cancer therapy and highlights its potential for personalized and targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ji-Eun Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea
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Baloghová J, Michalková R, Baranová Z, Mojžišová G, Fedáková Z, Mojžiš J. Spice-Derived Phenolic Compounds: Potential for Skin Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:6251. [PMID: 37687080 PMCID: PMC10489044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells, primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Different types of skin cancer include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Despite the advancements in targeted therapies, there is still a need for a safer, highly efficient approach to preventing and treating cutaneous malignancies. Spices have a rich history dating back thousands of years and are renowned for their ability to enhance the flavor, taste, and color of food. Derived from various plant parts like seeds, fruits, bark, roots, or flowers, spices are important culinary ingredients. However, their value extends beyond the culinary realm. Some spices contain bioactive compounds, including phenolic compounds, which are known for their significant biological effects. These compounds have attracted attention in scientific research due to their potential health benefits, including their possible role in disease prevention and treatment, such as cancer. This review focuses on examining the potential of spice-derived phenolic compounds as preventive or therapeutic agents for managing skin cancers. By compiling and analyzing the available knowledge, this review aims to provide insights that can guide future research in identifying new anticancer phytochemicals and uncovering additional mechanisms for combating skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette Baloghová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Baranová
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
| | - Zuzana Fedáková
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.B.); (Z.B.); (Z.F.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia;
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Civantos F, Helmen ZM, Bradley PJ, Coca-Pelaz A, De Bree R, Guntinas-Lichius O, Kowalski LP, López F, Mäkitie AA, Rinaldo A, Robbins KT, Rodrigo JP, Takes RP, Ferlito A. Lymph Node Metastases from Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4201. [PMID: 37686478 PMCID: PMC10486745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) represents the most common malignancy in the world, comprising exceedingly common lesions such as basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and rare lesions such as Merkel cell carcinoma. Risk factors are widely recognized and include ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, radiation exposure, immunosuppression, and many others. As a whole, survival and functional outcomes are favorable, but each histopathological subtype of NMSC behaves differently. Treatment regimens for the primary site usually include wide surgical excision and neck dissection in cases of clinically involved metastatic lymph nodes. The elective management of draining nodal basins, however, is a contested topic. Nearly all subtypes, excluding BCC, have a significant risk of lymphatic metastases, and have been studied with regard to sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and elective neck dissection. To date, no studies have definitively established a true single standard of care, as exists for melanoma, for any of the NMSCs. As a result, the authors have sought to summarize the current literature and identify indications and management options for the management of the cervical lymphatics for each major subtype of NMSC. Further research remains critically necessary in order to develop complete treatment algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Civantos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (F.C.); (Z.M.H.)
| | - Zachary M. Helmen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (F.C.); (Z.M.H.)
| | - Patrick J. Bradley
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals, Queens Medical Centre Campus, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Andrés Coca-Pelaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (F.L.)
| | - Remco De Bree
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Phoniatry/Pedaudiology, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Luiz P. Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paolo 01509-900, Brazil
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, University of São Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando López
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (F.L.)
| | - Antti A. Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, FI-00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland;
| | | | - K. Thomas Robbins
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (A.C.-P.); (F.L.)
| | - Robert P. Takes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, 35100 Padua, Italy
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Navarrete-Dechent C, Mori S, Connolly K, Shah K, Dusza SW, Rossi AM, Lee EH, Busam KJ, Nehal KS. Staging System Performance and Clinical Outcomes for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Ear: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. Dermatol Surg 2023; 49:747-754. [PMID: 37235869 PMCID: PMC10524321 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000003842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the ear is associated with poor outcomes. No studies have evaluated current staging system performance in this specific location. OBJECTIVE Describe clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of ear cSCC and evaluate the performance of current staging systems. METHODS Retrospective study including cases diagnosed and treated at a cancer center from January 2000 to December 2014. Demographic, clinical, and pathologic data were collected from clinical records. Biopsy slides were rereviewed and patients were staged according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) seventh, eighth, and Brigham Women's Hospital (BWH) staging. RESULTS Of 125 patients, the mean age at diagnosis was 71.9 years (SD 12.5), with most men (89.6%, n = 112). Median follow-up was 22.3 months. Local recurrence and survival risk factors were similar to cSCC outside the ear. The Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) estimates showed that the BWH system better predicted outcomes than the AJCC seventh, and the AJCC eighth, with AIC values of 189.9, 270.5, and 274.1, respectively. Limitations of the study include retrospective design, single center study, and no control group. CONCLUSION Current staging systems perform well at stratifying risk in ear cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Navarrete-Dechent
- Department of Dermatology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shoko Mori
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karen Connolly
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kalee Shah
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen W. Dusza
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anthony M. Rossi
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erica H. Lee
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Klaus J. Busam
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kishwer S. Nehal
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Peterle L, Sanfilippo S, Borgia F, Li Pomi F, Vadalà R, Costa R, Cicero N, Gangemi S. The Role of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Skin Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Foods 2023; 12:2629. [PMID: 37444367 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is a prevalent type of cancer worldwide and has a high growth rate compared to other diseases. Although modern targeted therapies have improved the management of cutaneous neoplasms, there is an urgent requirement for a safer, more affordable, and effective chemoprevention and treatment strategy for skin cancer. Nutraceuticals, which are natural substances derived from food, have emerged as a potential alternative or adjunctive treatment option. In this review, we explore the current evidence on the use of omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, resveratrol, and genistein) for the treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), as well as in their prevention. We discuss the mechanisms of action of the aforementioned nutraceuticals and their probable therapeutic benefits in skin cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, resveratrol, and genistein have several properties, among which are anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor, which can help to prevent and treat skin cancer. However, their effectiveness is limited due to poor bioavailability. Nanoparticles and other delivery systems can improve their absorption and targeting. More research is needed to evaluate their safety and effectiveness as a natural approach to skin cancer prevention and treatment. These compounds should not replace conventional cancer treatments, but may be used as complementary therapy under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Peterle
- School and Operative Unit of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Serena Sanfilippo
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Borgia
- School and Operative Unit of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Li Pomi
- School and Operative Unit of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rossella Vadalà
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Costa
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Science4life srl, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Pradita RA, Adisasmito AS, Indriatmi W. Risk of Non-melanoma Skin Cancer in Kidney Transplantation Recipient: An Evidence-based Case Report. Acta Med Indones 2023; 55:353-360. [PMID: 37915154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal transplantation is the most common organ transplantation procedure in Indonesia. Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) were found to carry 3-to-5-time higher risk of cancer compared to the normal population. Around 40% of cancers in RTR patients were non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). It was found to be correlated with several risk factors. The study aimed to determine the prognostic factors for NMSC in RTRs with Indonesian skin colors. METHODS The article search was conducted on three different journal databases, which were Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase. Relevant articles were appraised using critical appraisal guidelines from The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM), University of Oxford. RESULTS Four articles were selected for appraisal. Incidence of NMSC on RTRs in these studies were 25,2% (CI 24,67%-32,47%), 6,67% (CI 2,87%-10,47%), 23,67% (CI 19,38%-27,96%) and 28,57% (CI 24,67%-32,47%). Prognostic factors correlated with the incidence of NMSC on RTRs were age, sun exposure, history of sunburn, existing chronic actinic lesion, lentigo solaris, precancerous lesion including actinic keratoses, and consumption of cyclosporine and tacrolimus during maintenance therapy. CONCLUSION Combination of age, environmental factors, sun exposure-related skin lesion, and immunosuppressant therapy are the main prognostic factors of NMSC on RTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riva Ambardina Pradita
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia - Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
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Rowse BM, Yu ACX, Faulkner H, Sandler G, Howle JR, Ch'ng S, Rao PJ, Varey AHR. Does preoperative imaging for scalp non-melanocytic skin cancer accurately predict invasion of the cranial vault? A systematic review and meta-analysis. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:1970-1977. [PMID: 37303266 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI in the preoperative detection of bone involvement for non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) located on the scalp. This study further aimed to evaluate the predictive value of these imaging modalities in determining the need for craniectomy and to identify gaps in the existing literature. METHODS Electronic searches of the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases were performed for English language studies of any type. Studies reporting detection or exclusion of histopathologically confirmed bone involvement through preoperative imaging were identified according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting dural involvement, non-scalp tumours, and lacking tumour type(s) or outcome data were excluded. Outcomes were preoperative imaging result and histopathologically confirmed bone invasion. Meta-analysis was performed and sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated (excluding case report and MRI data due to insufficient quality and quantity respectively). RESULTS Four studies with a total of 69 patients were included in the final review, of which two studies totalling 66 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Preoperative CT had a sensitivity of 38%, specificity of 98%, PPV of 90% and NPV of 73%. CONCLUSIONS The available data suggests that a preoperative CT finding of calvarial involvement by a scalp NMSC is likely to be real, but the absence of such a finding is unreliable. Current evidence suggests that preoperative imaging cannot exclude the necessity for craniectomy and future research is needed, particularly on the role of MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Rowse
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ann C X Yu
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Harrison Faulkner
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gideon Sandler
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie R Howle
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sydney Ch'ng
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Head & Neck Cancer Institute, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Cancer Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Prashanth J Rao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NeuroSpine Surgery Research Group (NSURG), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander H R Varey
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Smith B, Smith JE, Demanelis K, Ferris LK. Changes in skin cancer screening rates in the United States from 2005 to 2015. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:142-145. [PMID: 36804574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Smith
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Kathryn Demanelis
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura K Ferris
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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Bommakanti KK, Kosaraju N, Tam K, Chai-Ho W, St John M. Management of Cutaneous Head and Neck Squamous and Basal Cell Carcinomas for Immunocompromised Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3348. [PMID: 37444461 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) continues to rise, and more than one million cases are diagnosed in the United States each year. The increase in prevalence has been attributed to increased lifespan and improvements in survival for conditions that increase the risk of these malignancies. Patients who are immunocompromised have a higher risk of developing NMSC compared to the general population. In immunosuppressed patients, a combination of prevention, frequent surveillance, and early intervention are necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality. In this review, we collate and summarize current knowledge regarding pathogenesis of head and neck cutaneous SCC and BCC within immunocompromised patients, examine the potential role of the immune response in disease progression, and detail the role of novel immunotherapies in this subset of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K Bommakanti
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
- UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program (HNCP), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
| | - Nikitha Kosaraju
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
| | - Kenric Tam
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
- UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program (HNCP), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
| | - Wanxing Chai-Ho
- UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program (HNCP), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
| | - Maie St John
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
- UCLA Head and Neck Cancer Program (HNCP), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1624, USA
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Bang S, Son H, Cha H, Song K, Park H, Kim H, Ko JY, Myung J, Paik S. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Single-Stranded DNA Binding Protein 2 in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1818. [PMID: 37509458 PMCID: PMC10376428 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-stranded DNA binding protein 2 (SSBP2) is a tumor suppressor candidate. In this study, the expression level and clinicopathological significance of SSBP2 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) were evaluated. We also identified biological pathways associated with a set of genes potentially related to SSBP2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 70 SCC and 146 BCC cases to assess SSBP2 expression semi-quantitatively. In addition, the associations between SSBP2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed using publicly available data and web-based bioinformatics tools. Compared with BCC, SCC had a significantly low SSBP2 expression (p < 0.001). In total, 12 (17.1%) of the 70 SCC cases and 30 (20.5%) of the 146 BCC cases showed low SSBP2 expression. Among SCC cases, ulceration (p = 0.005) and a deep level of invasion (p = 0.012) showed an association with low SSBP2 expression. Local recurrence was slightly more common in the SCC subgroup with low SSBP2 expression, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.058). Using GO enrichment analysis, we identified several biological functions performed by a set of 36 genes in SCC. SSBP2 evaluation using IHC can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of SCC and BCC. SSBP2 expression was associated with tumor invasiveness in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongsik Bang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangkyu Son
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Cha
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihyuk Song
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosub Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Yeon Ko
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekyung Myung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsam Paik
- Department of Pathology, Seoul Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Kulbat A, Richter K, Stefura T, Kołodziej-Rzepa M, Kisielewski M, Wojewoda T, Wysocki WM. Systematic Review of Calcineurin Inhibitors and Incidence of Skin Malignancies after Kidney Transplantation in Adult Patients: A Study of 309,551 Cases. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5727-5737. [PMID: 37366913 PMCID: PMC10296938 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and melanoma development in renal transplant recipients who receive calcineurin inhibitors to that of patients treated with other immunosuppressive agents, and investigate the possible association between the type of maintenance immunosuppression and the incidence of NSMC and melanoma in this group of patients. The authors searched databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles that would help establish the influence of calcineurin inhibitors on skin cancer development. The inclusion criteria for the study consisted of randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies that compared patients who received kidney transplants and were treated with a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), such as cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus (Tac), to those who received alternative immunosuppressants and did not receive a CNI. Seven articles were analyzed overall. The results revealed a correlation between CNI treatment in renal transplant recipients and increased total skin cancer risk (OR 1.28; 95% CI: 0.10-16.28; p < 0.01), melanoma risk (OR 1.09; 95% CI: 0.25-4.74; p < 0.01), and NMSC risk (OR 1.16; 95% CI: 0.41-3.26; p < 0.01). In conclusion, the calcineurin inhibitors used after kidney transplantation are associated with a higher risk of skin cancer-both non-melanoma and melanoma-when compared with other immunosuppressive therapies. This finding suggests that careful monitoring for skin lesions in post-transplant patients must be conducted. However, the decision on the kind of immunotherapy used should always be considered on an individual basis for each renal transplant recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kulbat
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of General, Oncological and Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital in Kraków, 30-901 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Richter
- Chair of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Stefura
- Department of General, Oncological and Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital in Kraków, 30-901 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marta Kołodziej-Rzepa
- Department of General, Oncological and Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital in Kraków, 30-901 Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Michał Kisielewski
- Department of General, Oncological and Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital in Kraków, 30-901 Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Wojewoda
- Department of General, Oncological and Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital in Kraków, 30-901 Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Wojciech M. Wysocki
- The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of General, Oncological and Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital in Kraków, 30-901 Kraków, Poland
- Chair of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, 30-705 Kraków, Poland;
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44
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Kaszuba A, Sławińska M, Żółkiewicz J, Sobjanek M, Nowicki RJ, Lange M. Mastocytosis and Skin Cancer: The Current State of Knowledge. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9840. [PMID: 37372988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of diseases associated with excessive proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in different organs. Recent studies have demonstrated that patients suffering from mastocytosis face an increased risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The cause of this has not yet been clearly identified. In the literature, the potential influence of several factors has been suggested, including genetic background, the role of cytokines produced by mast cells, iatrogenic and hormonal factors. The article summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of skin neoplasia in mastocytosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kaszuba
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Martyna Sławińska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jakub Żółkiewicz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Sobjanek
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman J Nowicki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lange
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego Street 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland
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Stafford H, Buell J, Chiang E, Ramesh U, Migden M, Nagarajan P, Amit M, Yaniv D. Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Detection in the Age of Advanced Technology: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3094. [PMID: 37370703 PMCID: PMC10295857 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis in the United States, with approximately one in five Americans expected to be diagnosed within their lifetime. Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most prevalent type of skin cancer, and as cases rise globally, physicians need reliable tools for early detection. Artificial intelligence has gained substantial interest as a decision support tool in medicine, particularly in image analysis, where deep learning has proven to be an effective tool. Because specialties such as dermatology rely primarily on visual diagnoses, deep learning could have many diagnostic applications, including the diagnosis of skin cancer. Furthermore, with the advancement of mobile smartphones and their increasingly powerful cameras, deep learning technology could also be utilized in remote skin cancer screening applications. Ultimately, the available data for the detection and diagnosis of skin cancer using deep learning technology are promising, revealing sensitivity and specificity that are not inferior to those of trained dermatologists. Work is still needed to increase the clinical use of AI-based tools, but based on the current data and the attitudes of patients and physicians, deep learning technology could be used effectively as a clinical decision-making tool in collaboration with physicians to improve diagnostic efficiency and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleigh Stafford
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jane Buell
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elizabeth Chiang
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Uma Ramesh
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Migden
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Priyadharsini Nagarajan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Moran Amit
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Dan Yaniv
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
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Toffoli L, Dianzani C, Bonin S, Guarneri C, Guarneri F, Giuffrida R, Zalaudek I, Conforti C. Actinic Keratoses: A Prospective Pilot Study on a Novel Formulation of 4% 5-Fluorouracil Cream and a Review of Other Current Topical Treatment Options. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112956. [PMID: 37296918 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common skin diseases, with a low risk of progression into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. We aim to assess efficacy and safety of a novel formulation of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) 4% with once daily application for the treatment of multiple AKs. METHODS A pilot study was performed on 30 patients with a clinical and dermoscopic diagnosis of multiple AKs, enrolled between September 2021 and May 2022 at the Dermatology Departments of two Italian hospitals. Patients were treated with 5-FU 4% cream once daily for 30 consecutive days. The Actinic Keratosis Area and Severity Index (AKASI) was calculated before starting therapy, and at each follow-up, to assess objective clinical response. RESULTS The cohort analyzed included 14 (47%) males and 16 (53%) females (mean age: 71 ± 12 years). A significant decrease in AKASI score at both 6 and 12 weeks (p < 0.0001) was observed. Only three patients (10%) discontinued therapy, and 13 patients (43%) did not report any adverse reactions; no unexpected adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS In the setting of topical chemotherapy and immunotherapy, the new formulation of 5-FU 4% proved to be a highly effective treatment for AKs and field cancerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Toffoli
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34125 Trieste, Italy
| | - Caterina Dianzani
- Department of Plastic Surgery Unit, Section of Dermatology, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Bonin
- Department of Medical Science, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Guarneri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Guarneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34125 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Conforti
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34125 Trieste, Italy
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Leonhard J, Schaier M, Kälble F, Zeier M, Steinborn A. Exhaustion of CD8 + central memory responder T cell differentiation provokes non-melanoma skin cancer in elderly kidney transplant recipients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1164284. [PMID: 37287988 PMCID: PMC10242110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immunosuppressive therapy prevents graft rejection but increases the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), especially in elderly kidney transplant recipients (KTR). Methods In this study, we separately investigated the differentiation of CD8+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and responder T cells (Tresps) between healthy KTR without NMSC, KTR developing de-novo NMSC within two years after the enrolment, and KTR with NMSC at the time of enrolment. Antigen-unexperienced CCR7+CD45RA+CD31+ recent thymic emigrant (RTE) cells differentiate via CD45RA-CD31+ memory (CD31+ memory) cells, via resting mature naïve (MN) cells or via direct proliferation into CD45RA-CD31- memory (CD31- memory) cells, consisting of both CCR7+CD45RA- central memory (CM) and CCR7-CD45RA- effector memory (EM) cells. Results We found that both RTE Treg and Tresp differentiation via CD31+ memory Tregs/Tresps was age-independently increased in KTR, who developed de novo NMSC during the follow-up period, causing abundant CM Treg/Tresp production, which may be crucial for cancer immunity. These changes favored a strongly increased CD8+ Treg/Tresp ratio, suggesting this ratio as a reliable marker for de-novo NMSC development in KTR. However, with age, this differentiation was replaced by increased conversion of resting MN Tregs/Tresps into CM Tregs/Tresps, which exhausted for Tresps but not for Tregs. In KTR with already existing NMSC at enrolment, differentiation was maintained via conversion and proliferation of resting MN Tregs/Tresps, which however increasingly exhausted with age, especially for Tresps. This resulted in a strong accumulation of terminally differentiated effector memory (TEMRA) Tresps in elderly individuals. Patients with NMSC recurrence showed increased proliferation of resting MN Tregs/Tresps into EM Tregs/Tresps, which tended to exhaust more rapidly, particularly for Tresps, than in patients without NMSC recurrence. Discussion In conclusion, we provide evidence that immunosuppressive therapy inhibits differentiation of CD8+ Tregs more than that of CD8+ Tresps, resulting in an exhausted Tresp profile, thus providing a possible therapeutic approach to improve poor cancer immunity in elderly KTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Leonhard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schaier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Kälble
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeier
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Steinborn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Garbarino F, Scelfo D, Paulone G, Paganelli A, Ulrici A, Magnoni C, Pasquali L. Comparative study of in-vitro autofluorescence of normal versus non-melanoma-skin-cancer cells at different excitation wavelengths. J Biophotonics 2023; 16:e202200361. [PMID: 36645389 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In this experimental study the autofluorescence of squamous carcinoma cells, stimulated by 6 different excitation wavelengths in the range 280-533 nm, has been compared with the autofluorescence of normal control keratinocytes. Skin cells were cultivated in vitro, to isolate their characteristic autofluorescence form the more complex one that would be originated by the complete skin tissue. Autofluorescence spectra in the visible range were complemented by absorption measurements. It was observed that the control cells showed characteristic emission (and absorption) structures due to typical endogenous chromophores [FAD and NAD(P)H, lipo-pigments, porphyrins], that were severely dumped in pathological cells. The autofluorescence spectra were then elaborated by multivariate analysis: after a first exploratory data analysis by means of Principal Component Analysis, the whole dataset was used to develop classification models using partial least squares-discriminant analysis, to differentiate between normal and pathological cells. This permitted us to identify the most suitable fluorescence spectral interval, in the 550-670 nm range, to discriminate between normal and pathological behavior, independently on the excitation wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Garbarino
- Department of Dermatology, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniel Scelfo
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Paulone
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Paganelli
- Department of Dermatology, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ulrici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Cristina Magnoni
- Department of Dermatology, Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquali
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa
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49
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Iden JA, Raphael-Mizrahi B, Naim A, Kolomansky A, Liron T, Neumann D, Vered M, Gabet Y. The Anti-Tumorigenic Role of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097773. [PMID: 37175480 PMCID: PMC10178456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Five million non-melanoma skin cancers occur globally each year, and it is one of the most common malignant cancers. The dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system, particularly cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), is implicated in skin cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Comparing wildtype (WT) to systemic CB2 knockout (CB2-/-) mice, we performed a spontaneous cancer study in one-year old mice, and subsequently used the multi-stage chemical carcinogenesis model, wherein cancer is initiated by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and promoted by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). We found that aging CB2-/- mice have an increased incidence of spontaneous cancerous and precancerous skin lesions compared to their WT counterparts. In the DMBA/TPA model, CB2-/- developed more and larger papillomas, had decreased spontaneous regression of papillomas, and displayed an altered systemic immune profile, including upregulated CD4+ T cells and dendritic cells, compared to WT mice. Immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment was generally low for both genotypes, although a trend of higher myeloid-derived suppressor cells was observed in the CB2-/- mice. CB2 expression in carcinogen-exposed skin was significantly higher compared to naïve skin in WT mice, suggesting a role of CB2 on keratinocytes. Taken together, our data show that endogenous CB2 activation plays an anti-tumorigenic role in non-melanoma skin carcinogenesis, potentially via an immune-mediated response involving the alteration of T cells and myeloid cells coupled with the modulation of keratinocyte activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ana Iden
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Bitya Raphael-Mizrahi
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Aaron Naim
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Albert Kolomansky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Tamar Liron
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Drorit Neumann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Marilena Vered
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Imaging, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Institute of Pathology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Yosefof E, Kurman N, Yaniv D. The Role of Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092408. [PMID: 37173875 PMCID: PMC10177122 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy in the United States. While surgery is considered as the main treatment modality for both cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (cBCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of NMSC, both in the adjuvant setting for cases considered high-risk for recurrence, and in the definitive setting, when surgery is not feasible or desired by the patient. The last years have seen the emergence of immunotherapy treatment for cases of advanced cSCC in the palliative, and possibly neoadjuvant settings, making the treatment paradigm more complex. In this review, we attempt to describe the different radiation modalities available for the treatment of NMSC, the indications for adjuvant post-operative treatment with radiotherapy for cSCC, the role of radiotherapy in elective neck treatment, and the efficacy, safety, and toxicity profile of this treatment in these different settings. Furthermore, we aim to describe the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy as a promising horizon for treating advanced cSCC. We also aim to describe the ongoing clinical studies that attempt to examine future directions for the role of radiation treatment in NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Yosefof
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 4941492, Israel
| | - Noga Kurman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 4941492, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva 4941492, Israel
| | - Dan Yaniv
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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