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Özdemir Ü, Taşcı S, Döner A, Özdemir Alkanat H, İnanç MT. The effect of back massage with frankincense and myrrh oil before the cardiac electrophysiological procedure on back pain intensity and comfort: A single-blind randomized controlled trial. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:352-361. [PMID: 37783585 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Back pain is one of the most common problems experienced by patients after the cardiac electrophysiological study procedure. In addition, limitation of movement after the procedure negatively affects the comfort and satisfaction of patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the effect of back massage with frankincense and myrrh oil on back pain severity and comfort in patients who were to undergo cardiac electrophysiological study. METHODS This is a randomized controlled study with a pretest-posttest design. This study was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021, at the angio unit of a heart hospital at a university in Turkey. The study was completed with 30 patients in each group, a total of 90 people. Data were collected using a patient information form, a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ). The intervention group and the placebo group received back massage with frankincense and myrrh essential oil and with jojoba fixed oil respectively. No intervention was applied to the control group. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the post-procedure VAS values according to the groups. Except for sociocultural comfort, there were significant differences between the groups in terms of GCQ total scores and subscales at the first and last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Back massage with frankincense and myrrh oil increased overall comfort, physical comfort, the psychospiritual comfort. Additional research with a rigorous design is needed to determine its effect on pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ülkü Özdemir
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Erciyes University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sultan Taşcı
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Erciyes University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayser Döner
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Erciyes University Faculty of Health Sciences, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Hafize Özdemir Alkanat
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Giresun University Faculty of Health Sciences, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuğrul İnanç
- Internal Medicine Scientist, Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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Yoon YE, Jung YJ, Lee SJ. The Anticancer Activities of Natural Terpenoids That Inhibit Both Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4423. [PMID: 38674007 PMCID: PMC11050645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of two major types of skin cancer, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer, has been increasing worldwide. Skin cancer incidence is estimated to rise continuously over the next 20 years due to ozone depletion and an increased life expectancy. Chemotherapeutic agents could affect healthy cells, and thus may be toxic to them and cause numerous side effects or drug resistance. Phytochemicals that are naturally occurring in fruits, plants, and herbs are known to possess various bioactive properties, including anticancer properties. Although the effects of phytochemicals are relatively milder than chemotherapeutic agents, the long-term intake of phytochemicals may be effective and safe in preventing tumor development in humans. Diverse phytochemicals have shown anti-tumorigenic activities for either melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancer. In this review, we focused on summarizing recent research findings of the natural and dietary terpenoids (eucalyptol, eugenol, geraniol, linalool, and ursolic acid) that have anticancer activities for both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. These terpenoids may be helpful to protect skin collectively to prevent tumorigenesis of both melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Eun Yoon
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young Jae Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Joon Lee
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02855, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, BK21 Four Institute of Precision Public Health, Korea University, Seoul 02846, Republic of Korea
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Manoharan S, Saha S, Murugesan K, Santhakumar A, Perumal E. Natural bioactive compounds and STAT3 against hepatocellular carcinoma: An update. Life Sci 2024; 337:122351. [PMID: 38103726 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a challenging and very fatal liver cancer. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway is a crucial regulator of tumor development and are ubiquitously active in HCC. Therefore, targeting STAT3 has emerged as a promising approach for preventing and treating HCC. Various natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) have been proven to target STAT3 and have the potential to prevent and treat HCC as STAT3 inhibitors. Numerous kinds of STAT3 inhibitors have been identified, including small molecule inhibitors, peptide inhibitors, and oligonucleotide inhibitors. Due to the undesirable side effects of the conventional therapeutic drugs against HCC, the focus is shifted to NBCs derived from plants and other natural sources. NBCs can be broadly classified into the categories of terpenes, alkaloids, carotenoids, and phenols. Most of the compounds belong to the family of terpenes, which prevent tumorigenesis by inhibiting STAT3 nuclear translocation. Further, through STAT3 inhibition, terpenes downregulate matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), modulating metastasis. Terpenes also suppress the anti-apoptotic proteins and cell cycle markers. This review provides comprehensive information related to STAT3 abrogation by NBCs in HCC with in vitro and in vivo evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryaa Manoharan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Shreejit Saha
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Krishnasanthiya Murugesan
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Aksayakeerthana Santhakumar
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India.
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Kaushik M, Kaushik A, Chaudhary J, Jain A. Terpenoids in Diabetic Nephropathy: Advances and Therapeutic Opportunities. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:13-30. [PMID: 37680163 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230901164219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the foremost ailment resulting in end-stage renal damage. Chronic hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidaemia are the foremost reason for disease progression. The disease is characterized by the severity of albuminuria and cardiovascular disorders. Approximately 20 to 40% of the global prevalence of DN is mostly reported to occur in individuals with diabetes, and nearly 28% of DN occurs in individuals with other renal disorders. The pathological mechanism is very complex, involving innumerable targets and leading to multiple pharmacological effects. Thus, the scientific community is forced to work in search of safe and potent therapeutics that can tackle the complex pathology of DN effectively. The secondary plant metabolites categorized as terpenoids gained attention as potential therapeutics contrary to others for the management of diabetic nephropathy and other associated syndromes by their strong antioxidant activity and inhibition of advanced glycation and its associated products. This review focused on herbal therapeutics for the management of diabetic nephropathy. Moreover, different types of terpenoids, their biological sources, and proposed mechanisms of action are explored for the development of a novel pharmacophore for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kaushik
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University),Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
- KC Institute of Pharmacy, UNA, H.P, India
| | - Aditi Kaushik
- Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, Kathog, Kangra, H.P, India
| | - Jasmine Chaudhary
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University),Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Akash Jain
- M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University),Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
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Rajendran K, Ahmed U, Meunier AC, Shaikh MF, Siddiqui R, Anwar A. Natural Terpenes Inhibit the Cytopathogenicity of Naegleria fowleri Causing Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in the Human Cell Line Model. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4105-4114. [PMID: 37983556 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Naegleria fowleri is one of the free-living amoebae and is a causative agent of a lethal and rare central nervous system infection called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Despite the advancement in antimicrobial chemotherapy, the fatality rate in the reported cases is more than 95%. Most of the treatment drugs used against N. fowleri infection are repurposed drugs. Therefore, a large number of compounds have been tested against N. fowleri in vitro, but most of the compounds showed high toxicity. To overcome this, we evaluated the effectiveness of naturally occurring terpene compounds against N. fowleri. In this study, we evaluated the antiamoebic potential of natural compounds including Thymol, Borneol, Andrographolide, and Forskolin againstN. fowleri. Thymol showed the highest amoebicidal activity with IC50/24 h at 153.601 ± 19.6 μM. Two combinations of compounds Forskolin + Thymol and Forskolin + Borneol showed a higher effect on the viability of trophozoites as compared to compounds alone and hence showed a synergistic effect. The IC50 reported for Forskolin + Thymol was 81.30 ± 6.86 μM. Borneol showed maximum cysticidal activity with IC50/24 h at 192.605 ± 3.01 μM. Importantly, lactate dehydrogenase release testing revealed that all compounds displayed minimal cytotoxicity to human HaCaT, HeLa, and SH-SY5Y cell lines. The cytopathogenicity assay showed that Thymol and Borneol also significantly reduced the host cell cytotoxicity of pretreated amoeba toward the human HaCaT cell line. So, these terpene compounds hold potential as therapeutic agents against infections caused by N. fowleri and are potentially a step forward in drug development against this deadly pathogen as these compounds have also been reported to cross the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, an in vivo study using animal models is necessary to assess the efficacy of these compounds and the need for further research into the intranasal route of delivery for the treatment of these life-threatening infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Rajendran
- School of American Education (SAE), Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Usman Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Alexia Chloe Meunier
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange New South Wales, 2800, Australia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Department of Microbiota Research Centre, Istinye University, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
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Ishola AA, Adewole KE, Adebayo JO, Balogun EA. Potentials of Terpenoids as Inhibitors of Multiple Plasmodium falciparum Protein Drug Targets. Acta Parasitol 2023; 68:793-806. [PMID: 37603126 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The resistance of parasite to readily affordable antimalarial drugs, the high cost of currently potent drugs, and the resistance of vector mosquitoes to insecticides threaten the possibility of malaria eradication in malaria endemic areas. Due to the fact that quinine and artemisinin were isolated from plants sources, researchers have been encouraged to search for new antimalarials from medicinal plants. This is especially the case in Africa where a large percentage of the population depends on medicinal plant to treat malaria and other ailments. METHOD In this study, we evaluated previously characterized Plasmodium-cidal compounds obtained from the African flora to identify their likely biochemical targets, for an insight into their possible antimalarial chemotherapy. Molecular docking study was first conducted, after which remarkable compounds were submitted for molecular dynamic (MD) simulations studies. RESULTS From a total of 38 Plasmodium-cidal compounds docked with confirmed Plasmodium falciparum protein drug targets [plasmepsin II (PMII), histo-aspartic protein (HAP) and falcipain-2 (FP)], two pentacyclic triterpene, cucurbitacin B and 3 beta-O-acetyl oleanolic acid showed high binding affinity relative to artesunate. This implies their capacity to inhibit the three selected P. falciparum target proteins, and consequently, antimalarial potential. From the MD simulations studies and binding free energy outcomes, results confirmed that the two compounds are stable in complex with the selected antimalarial targets; they also showed excellent binding affinities during the 100 ns simulation. CONCLUSION These results showed that cucurbitacin B and 3 beta-O-acetyl oleanolic acid are potent antimalarials and should be considered for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Ishola
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Kayode E Adewole
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph O Adebayo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Tousif MI, Nazir M, Riaz N, Saleem M, Tauseef S, Azam SM, Arfan Yawer M, Zengin G. Terpenoids as Human Neutrophil Elastase (HNE) Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review of Natural Anti-inflammatory Isoprenoids. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300346. [PMID: 37642535 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is an enzyme that plays a key role in the body's inflammatory response. It has been linked to several diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema, and cystic fibrosis. As potential treatments for these diseases, HNE inhibitors are of great interest. Metabolites derived from plants, particularly terpenoids such as β-caryophyllene found in black pepper and other plants, and geraniol present in several essential oils, are recognized as significant sources of inhibitors for HNE. Because of their ability to inhibit HNE, terpenoids are considered promising candidates for developing novel therapies to treat inflammatory conditions such as COPD and emphysema. Furthermore, nature can serve as an excellent designer, and it may offer a safer drug candidate for inhibiting HNE production and activity in the future. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were searched to get relevant and up-to-date literature on terpenoids as human neutrophil elastase inhibitors. This review focuses on the isolation, chemical diversity, and inhibition of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) of various terpenoids reported from natural sources up to 2022. A total of 251 compounds from various terpenoids classes have been reported. Further, it also provides a summary of HNE inhibitors and includes a thorough discussion on the structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Tousif
- Department of Chemistry Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mamona Nazir
- Department of Chemistry Government Sadiq College, Women University Bahawalpur, 63100-, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Riaz
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad Campus the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100-, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad Campus the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100-, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Saba Tauseef
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sheikh Muhammad Azam
- Department of Zoology Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, 75270, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mirza Arfan Yawer
- Department of Chemistry Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130, Konya, Turkey
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Kumari N, Anand S, Shah K, Chauhan NS, Sethiya NK, Singhal M. Emerging Role of Plant-Based Bioactive Compounds as Therapeutics in Parkinson's Disease. Molecules 2023; 28:7588. [PMID: 38005310 PMCID: PMC10673433 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological ailments, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), epilepsy, Parkinson's disease (PD), and other related diseases, have affected around 1 billion people globally to date. PD stands second among the common neurodegenerative diseases caused as a result of dopaminergic neuron loss in the midbrain's substantia nigra regions. It affects cognitive and motor activities, resulting in tremors during rest, slow movement, and muscle stiffness. There are various traditional approaches for the management of PD, but they provide only symptomatic relief. Thus, a survey for finding new biomolecules or substances exhibiting the therapeutic potential to patients with PD is the main focus of present-day research. Medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and natural bioactive molecules have been gaining much more attention in recent years as synthetic molecules orchestrate a number of undesired effects. Several in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies in the recent past have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and plant-based bioactives. Among the plant-based bioactives, polyphenols, terpenes, and alkaloids are of particular interest due to their potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and brain-health-promoting properties. Further, there are no concise, elaborated articles comprising updated mechanism-of-action-based reviews of the published literature on potent, recently investigated (2019-2023) medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and plant based-bioactive molecules, including polyphenols, terpenes, and alkaloids, as a method for the management of PD. Therefore, we designed the current review to provide an illustration of the efficacious role of various medicinal plants, herbal formulations, and bioactives (polyphenols, terpenes, and alkaloids) that can become potential therapeutics against PD with greater specificity, target approachability, bioavailability, and safety to the host. This information can be further utilized in the future to develop several value-added formulations and nutraceutical products to achieve the desired safety and efficacy for the management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India;
| | - Santosh Anand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India;
| | - Kamal Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | | | - Neeraj K. Sethiya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical and Populations Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Manmohan Singhal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical and Populations Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India;
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Kuttikrishnan S, Masoodi T, Ahmad F, Sher G, Prabhu KS, Mateo JM, Buddenkotte J, El-Elimat T, Oberlies NH, Pearce CJ, Bhat AA, Alali FQ, Steinhoff M, Uddin S. In vitro evaluation of Neosetophomone B inducing apoptosis in cutaneous T cell lymphoma by targeting the FOXM1 signaling pathway. J Dermatol Sci 2023; 112:83-91. [PMID: 37865581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a T cell-derived non-Hodgkin lymphoma primarily affecting the skin, with treatment posing a significant challenge and low survival rates. OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer potential of Neosetophomone B (NSP-B), a fungal-derived secondary metabolite, on CTCL cell lines H9 and HH. METHODS Cell viability was measured using Cell counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays. Apoptosis was measured by annexin V/PI dual staining. Immunoblotting was performed to examine the expression of proteins. Applied Biosystems' high-resolution Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 was used to examine gene expression. RESULTS NSP-B induced apoptosis in CTCL cells by activating mitochondrial signaling pathways and caspases. We observed downregulated expression of BUB1B, Aurora Kinases A and B, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4 and 6, and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) in NSP-B treated cells, which was further corroborated by Western blot analysis. Notably, higher expression levels of these genes showed reduced overall and progression-free survival in the CTCL patient cohort. FOXM1 and BUB1B expression exhibited a dose-dependent reduction in NSP-B-treated CTCL cells.FOXM1 silencing decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis via BUB1B downregulation. Moreover, NSP-B suppressed FOXM1-regulated genes, such as Aurora Kinases A and B, CDKs 4 and 6, and PLK1. The combined treatment of Bortezomib and NSP-B showed greater efficacy in reducing CTCL cell viability and promoting apoptosis compared to either treatment alone. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that targeting the FOXM1 pathway may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for CTCL management, with NSP-B offering significant potential as a novel treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Immunology Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fareed Ahmad
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gulab Sher
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jericha M Mateo
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tamam El-Elimat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | | | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Feras Q Alali
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, NY, USA; College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory of Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Priyadarshini SK, Murugesan M, Michael RD, Aiya Subramani P, Rajendran P. Oral administration of terpenoids and phenol fraction of Padina gymnospora stimulates the nonspecific immune response and expression of immune genes, and protects the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 142:109141. [PMID: 37802262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a valuable aquaculture species susceptible to various infections, requires effective immune enhancement strategies. This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of orally administered terpenoids and phenol fraction (TPF) from Padina gymnospora in C. carpio, focusing on stimulation of nonspecific immune response, immune gene expression, and protection against experimental infection. P. gymnospora is a brown seaweed species known for its bioactive compounds and medicinal properties. TPF was extracted using the Harborne fractionation method, and the presence of terpenoids and phenol compounds was confirmed by qualitative analysis and high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). TPF was administered orally in different doses to carp. Nonspecific immune responses were evaluated by measuring cellular ROS, RNI, and peroxidase production. The expression of immune genes (lysozyme and interleukin-1β) was assessed by reverse transcriptase PCR. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of TPF was determined by infecting carp with a virulent pathogen, Aeromonas hydrophila, and monitoring mortality rates and disease symptoms. The results demonstrate that oral TPF administration significantly enhances nonspecific immune responses, with increased ROS, RNI, and peroxidase production, indicating improved immune function. Expression levels of lysozyme and interleukin-1β were upregulated, suggesting immune system activation. Moreover, TPF exhibited significant protection against experimental infection, with lower mortality rates compared to the control group. These findings highlight TPF's potential as an effective immunostimulatory agent, enhancing immune responses and providing infection protection in carp. In conclusion, oral TPF administration stimulates nonspecific immune responses, modulates immune gene expression, and confers protection against experimental infection in carp, displaying its potential for enhancing immune responses and disease resistance in aquaculture species, and contributing to sustainable fish health management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Murugesan
- Department of Zoology and Research Centre, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625002, India
| | - R Dinakaran Michael
- Centre for Fish Immunology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology, and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600117, India
| | - Parasuraman Aiya Subramani
- Department of Fisheries Ecology, Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Herwigstraße 31, 27572, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Priyatharsini Rajendran
- Department of Zoology and Research Centre, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625002, India.
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Wróblewska-Łuczka P, Cabaj J, Bargieł J, Łuszczki JJ. Anticancer effect of terpenes: focus on malignant melanoma. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1115-1125. [PMID: 37515699 PMCID: PMC10539410 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive and life-threatening form of skin cancer that accounts for a significant proportion of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although conventional cancer therapies, such as surgical excision, chemotherapy, and radiation, have been used to treat malignant melanoma, their efficacy is often limited due to the development of resistance and adverse side effects. Therefore, there is a growing interest in developing alternative treatment options for melanoma that are more effective and less toxic. Terpenes, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds of plant origin, have emerged as potential anticancer agents due to their ability to inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. In this review, the current understanding of the anticancer effects of terpenes (including, thymoquinone, β-elemene, carvacrol, limonene, α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, perillyl alcohol, taxol, betulinic acid, α-bisabolol, ursolic acid, linalool, lupeol, and artesunate) was summarized, with a special focus on their potential as therapeutic agents for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Wróblewska-Łuczka
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Justyna Cabaj
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Julia Bargieł
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
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Rodrigues ACJ, Carloto ACM, Gonçalves MD, Concato VM, Detoni MB, dos Santos YM, Cruz EMS, Madureira MB, Nunes AP, Pires MFMK, Santos NC, Marques REDS, Bidoia DL, Borges Figueiredo F, Pavanelli WR. Exploring the leishmanicidal potential of terpenoids: a comprehensive review on mechanisms of cell death. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1260448. [PMID: 37799331 PMCID: PMC10550302 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1260448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from visceral to cutaneous, with millions of new cases and thousands of deaths reported each year. The species of Leishmania and the immune response of the host determine the severity of the disease. Leishmaniasis remains challenging to diagnose and treat, and there is no vaccine available. Several studies have been conducted on the use of herbal medicines for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Natural products can provide an inexhaustible source of chemical diversity with therapeutic potential. Terpenes are a class of natural products derived from a single isoprene unit, a five-carbon compound that forms the basic structure of isoprenoids. This review focuses on the most important and recent advances in the treatment of parasites of the genus Leishmania with different subclasses of terpenes. Several mechanisms have been proposed in the literature, including increased oxidative stress, immunomodulatory role, and induction of different types of parasite cell death. However, this information needs to be brought together to provide an overview of how these compounds can be used as therapeutic tools for drug development and as a successful adjuvant strategy against Leishmania sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Jacob Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute- Fiocruz, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Amanda Cristina Machado Carloto
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Virgínia Márcia Concato
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Mariana Barbosa Detoni
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Munhoz dos Santos
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunoparasitology, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ellen Mayara Souza Cruz
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Madureira
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Angélica Paulina Nunes
- Laboratory for Metabolic Disorders of Reproduction, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Maya Kuriki Pires
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Natália Concimo Santos
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Lazarin Bidoia
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology of Neglected Diseases and Cancer, Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Rivera Rodríguez R, Johnson JJ. Terpenes: Modulating anti-inflammatory signaling in inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 248:108456. [PMID: 37247693 PMCID: PMC10527092 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. Considered a western disease, IBD incidence in newly developed countries is skyrocketing. Accordingly, global prevalence is steadily increasing. There are two major IBD phenotypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). UC manifests as uninterrupted inflammation localized in the colon and rectum. Meanwhile, CD presents as interrupted inflammation that can occur throughout the digestive tract. As a result, therapeutics have focused on anti-inflammatory approaches for its treatment. Unfortunately, only 50% of patients benefit from current Food and Drug Administration approved treatments, and all are associated with serious adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for safer and novel therapeutics to increase the efficacy in this population. One aspect that is critical in understanding IBD is how food and phytochemicals therein may be associated with modifying the pathogenesis of IBD. A variety of retrospective and prospective studies, and clinical trials have shown benefits of plant-rich diets on the prevention and symptomatic improvement of IBD. The Mediterranean diet is rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes, and herbs; and characterized by the abundance of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals. An understudied phytochemical class enriched in this diet is terpenes; isoprene-based molecules are widely available in Mediterranean herbs and citrus fruits. Various terpenes have been evaluated in different IBD models. However, some present contradictory or inconclusive results. Therefore, in this review we evaluated preclinical studies of terpenes modulating basic inflammatory signaling related to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Rivera Rodríguez
- University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, United States of America
| | - Jeremy James Johnson
- University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, United States of America.
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Lins BR, Anyaegbu CC, Hellewell SC, Papini M, McGonigle T, De Prato L, Shales M, Fitzgerald M. Cannabinoids in traumatic brain injury and related neuropathologies: preclinical and clinical research on endogenous, plant-derived, and synthetic compounds. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:77. [PMID: 36935484 PMCID: PMC10026409 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02734-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is common, and often results in debilitating consequences. Even mild traumatic brain injury leaves approximately 20% of patients with symptoms that persist for months. Despite great clinical need there are currently no approved pharmaceutical interventions that improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury. Increased understanding of the endocannabinoid system in health and disease has accompanied growing evidence for therapeutic benefits of Cannabis sativa. This has driven research of Cannabis' active chemical constituents (phytocannabinoids), alongside endogenous and synthetic counterparts, collectively known as cannabinoids. Also of therapeutic interest are other Cannabis constituents, such as terpenes. Cannabinoids interact with neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, and exert anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects which are highly desirable for the management of traumatic brain injury. In this review, we comprehensively appraised the relevant scientific literature, where major and minor phytocannabinoids, terpenes, synthetic cannabinoids, and endogenous cannabinoids were assessed in TBI, or other neurological conditions with pathology and symptomology relevant to TBI, as well as recent studies in preclinical TBI models and clinical TBI populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney R Lins
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia.
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, 6009, Australia.
| | - Chidozie C Anyaegbu
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Sarah C Hellewell
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Melissa Papini
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
| | - Terence McGonigle
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia
| | - Luca De Prato
- MediCann Health Aust Pty Ltd, Osborne Park, 6017, Australia
| | - Matthew Shales
- MediCann Health Aust Pty Ltd, Osborne Park, 6017, Australia
| | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, 6102, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, 6009, Australia
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Fazeli E, Ghalibaf MHE, Forouzanfar F. Neuroprotective Potency of Safranal Against Neurological Disorders. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:952-959. [PMID: 36397621 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666221117104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A great number of research has been focused on plants as a source of medicine against many diseases to overcome the many side effects of chemical drugs. Safranal, one of the main constituents of saffron [Crocus sativus], has a broad spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. The present review elaborates on the current understanding of the neuroprotective effects of safranal. According to data published so far, safranal has the potential to exert neuroprotective effects in neurological disorders such as epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson, and Alzheimer's disease. Safranal could be considered a promising therapeutic agent in the future, although there is a great need for clinical trial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Fazeli
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ghasemi-Gojani E, Kovalchuk I, Kovalchuk O. Cannabinoids and terpenes for diabetes mellitus and its complications: from mechanisms to new therapies. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:828-849. [PMID: 36280497 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The number of people diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and its complications is markedly increasing worldwide, leading to a worldwide epidemic across all age groups, from children to older adults. Diabetes is associated with premature aging. In recent years, it has been found that peripheral overactivation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), and in particular cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) signaling, plays a crucial role in the progression of insulin resistance, diabetes (especially type 2), and its aging-related comorbidities such as atherosclerosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Therefore, it is suggested that peripheral blockade of CB1R may ameliorate diabetes and diabetes-related comorbidities. The use of synthetic CB1R antagonists such as rimonabant has been prohibited because of their psychiatric side effects. In contrast, phytocannabinoids such as cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), produced by cannabis, exhibit antagonistic activity on CB1R signaling and do not show any adverse side effects such as psychoactive effects, depression, or anxiety, thereby serving as potential candidates for the treatment of diabetes and its complications. In addition to these phytocannabinoids, cannabis also produces a substantial number of other phytocannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids with therapeutic potential against insulin resistance, diabetes, and its complications. In this review, the pathogenesis of diabetes, its complications, and the potential to use cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids for its treatment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada.
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K3M4, Canada.
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Liu D, Wang J, Xie Y. Refractory Helicobacter pylori infection and the gastric microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:976710. [PMID: 36237432 PMCID: PMC9552320 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.976710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Curing refractory Helicobacter pylori infection is difficult. In addition, there is currently no research on the gastric microbiota of refractory H. pylori infection. Methods We designed a clinical retrospective study involving 32 subjects divided into three groups: 1. nAGHp.a, treatment-naïve patients with H. pylori infection; 2. nAGHp.b, H. pylori-negative patients; and 3. EFHp.a, patients with refractory H. pylori infection. Gastric mucosal samples from the biobank of our research center were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing analysis and bacterial functions were predicted via PICRUSt. Results There were significant differences between the H. pylori- positive group and the H. pylori-negative group in species diversity, gastric microbiota structure, and bacterial function. The beneficial Lactobacillus in the H. pylori-positive group were significantly enriched compared with those in the refractory H. pylori infection group. The bacterial interaction network diagram suggested that the microbiota interactions in the refractory H. pylori infection group decreased. The gastric microbiota of the refractory H. pylori infection group was enriched in the pathways of metabolism and infectious diseases (energy metabolism, bacterial secretion system, glutathione metabolism, protein folding and associated processing, sulphur metabolism, membrane and intracellular structural molecules, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis, inorganic ion transport and metabolism, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins) when compared with the H. pylori-positive group without treatment based on PICRUSt analysis. Conclusion Significant alterations occurred in the gastric microbiota when eradication of H. pylori failed multiple times. A history of eradication of multiple H. pylori infections leads to an imbalance in the gastric mucosal microbiota to a certain extent, which was mainly reflected in the inhibition of the growth of beneficial Lactobacillus in the stomach. Patients with refractory H. pylori infection may be at a higher risk of developing gastric cancer than other H. pylori-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Liu
- Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinyun Wang
- Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- JiangXi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Xie,
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Ramar MK, Henry LJK, Ramachandran S, Chidambaram K, Kandasamy R. Ziziphus mauritiana Lam attenuates inflammation via downregulating NFκB pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages & OVA-induced airway inflammation in mice models. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 295:115445. [PMID: 35690340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ziziphus mauritiana Lam leaves were utilized in treating asthma, diabetes, inflammation, and hepatic diseases in Indian traditional medicine. The leaves were used as an edible vegetables in rural parts of India. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim is to prove the anti-inflammatory activity of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam leaves against LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and OVA-induced airway inflammation in mice through its attenuation mechanism in the NFκB signalling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Terpenoids present in MEZ were quantified using U(H)PLC analysis. MEZ at 50 and 100 μg/mL were tested against LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The concentration of NO, ROS, and cytokines was quantified from the cell culture supernatants. OVA-induced asthma in mice was adopted for screening airway inflammation. MEZ at 250 and 500 mg/kg was tested for airway hyperresponsiveness, leukocyte counting, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and TNF-α), lung histopathology, and various inflammatory gene expressions in lungs for NFκB signalling pathway in asthma. RESULTS Terpenoids like betulin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid were quantified from U(H)PLC analysis. MEZ at higher doses reduced the NO, ROS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. MEZ at 500 mg/kg significantly reduced AHR and also decreased total and differential leukocytes. MEZ also reduced the expressions of ICAM, VCAM, and Muc5C genes. Histopathological analysis revealed MEZ significantly reduced the leukocyte infiltration and mucus hypersecretion in the lungs. MEZ suppressed lung inflammation by inhibition of p65 mediated IκB-α translocation in the NFκB signalling pathway. CONCLUSION From these findings, MEZ significantly reduced airway inflammation by inhibiting NFκB mediated inflammatory pathway. Hence, this study proved that Ziziphus mauritiana Lam has anti-asthmatic potential in Indian traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Kumar Ramar
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Research, National Facility for Drug Development (NFDD), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Linda Jeeva Kumari Henry
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Research, National Facility for Drug Development (NFDD), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shiyamsundar Ramachandran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 68589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruckmani Kandasamy
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Research, National Facility for Drug Development (NFDD), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Chen Y, Gao H, Liu X, Zhou J, Jiang Y, Wang F, Wang R, Li W. Terpenoids from the Seeds of Toona sinensis and Their Ability to Attenuate High Glucose-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185784. [PMID: 36144523 PMCID: PMC9503114 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem is an edible medicinal plant that belongs to the genus Toona within the Meliaceae family. It has been confirmed to display a wide variety of biological activities. During our continuous search for active constituents from the seeds of T. sinensis, two new acyclic diterpenoids (1–2), together with five known limonoid-type triterpenoids (3–7), five known apotirucallane-type triterpenoids (8–12), and three known cycloartane-type triterpenoids (13–15), were isolated and characterized. Their structures were identified based on extensive spectroscopic experiments, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS), and electronic circular dichroism (ECD), as well as the comparison with those reported in the literature. We compared these findings to those reported in the literature. Compounds 5, 8, and 13–14 were isolated from the genus Toona, and compounds 11 and 15 were obtained from T. sinensis for the first time. The antidiabetic nephropathy effects of isolated compounds against high glucose-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) were assessed in vitro. The results showed that new compounds 1 and 2 could significantly increase the levels of Nrf-2/HO-1 and reduce the levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-6 at concentrations of 30 μM. These results suggest that compounds 1 and 2 might prevent the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and facilitate the research and development of new antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs suitable for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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20
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Jagatap VR, Ahmad I, Patel HM. Recent updates in natural terpenoids as potential anti-mycobacterial agents. Indian J Tuberc 2022; 69:282-304. [PMID: 35760478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is considered as a leading health issue globally. Even though, the todays first line anti-mycobacterial treatments used in the hospital have low deaths, multidrug-resistance forms of the ailment have now spread globally and become a major issue. The wide-ranging biodiversity of medicinal plants, ocean animals have gained considerable attention for drug discovery in previous spans, and the emergence of TB drug resistance has inspired interest in judging natural products (NPs) to cure this disease. Till now, several compounds have been isolated from natural sources with anti-mycobacterial activity, few of which demonstrate significant activity and have the potential for further development. Worldwide huge natural flora and fauna are existing, this flora and fauna must be investigated for new potent lead against infectious TB. This review systematically surveys various classes of terpenoid molecules obtained from different medicinal plants, fungi, sponges, and sea plumes with anti-TB activity, which could be useful for further optimization and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilas R Jagatap
- Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, District Dhule, Maharashtra, 425 405, India
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, District Dhule, Maharashtra, 425 405, India
| | - Harun M Patel
- Division of Bioinformatics, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, District Dhule, Maharashtra, 425 405, India.
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Aviram J, Lewitus GM, Vysotski Y, Berman P, Shapira A, Procaccia S, Meiri D. Sex differences in medical cannabis-related adverse effects. Pain 2022; 163:975-983. [PMID: 34538843 PMCID: PMC9009319 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Studies have shown that women are more susceptible to adverse effects (AEs) from conventional drugs. This study aimed to investigate the differences of medical cannabis (MC)-related AEs between women and men in patients with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP). This is a cross-sectional study of adult patients licensed for MC treatment who were also diagnosed as patients with CNCP by a physician. Data included self-reported questionnaires and comprehensive MC treatment information. Simultaneously, identification and quantification of phytocannabinoids and terpenoids from the MC cultivars were performed. Comparative statistics were used to evaluate differences between men and women. Four hundred twenty-nine patients with CNCP (64% males) reported fully on their MC treatment. Subgrouping by sex demonstrated that the weight-adjusted doses were similar between men and women (0.48 [0.33-0.6] gr for men and 0.47 [0.34-0.66] gr for women). Nonetheless, women reported more than men on MC-related AEs. Further analysis revealed that women consumed different MC cultivar combinations than men, with significantly higher monthly doses of the phytocannabinoids CBD and CBC and significantly lower monthly doses of the phytocannabinoid 373-15c and the terpenoid linalool. Our findings demonstrate sex differences in MC-related AEs among patients with CNCP. Women are more susceptible to MC-related AEs, presumably because of both the inherent sex effect and the consumption of specific phytocannabinoid compositions in the MC cultivar(s). The understanding of these differences may be crucial for planning MC treatments with safer phytocannabinoid and terpenoid compositions and to better inform patients of expected AEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Aviram
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Gil M. Lewitus
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yelena Vysotski
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Paula Berman
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anna Shapira
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shiri Procaccia
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - David Meiri
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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Bouyahya A, El Allam A, Zeouk I, Taha D, Zengin G, Goh BH, Catauro M, Montesano D, El Omari N. Pharmacological Effects of Grifolin: Focusing on Anticancer Mechanisms. Molecules 2022; 27:284. [PMID: 35011516 PMCID: PMC8746472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Grifolin is a volatile compound contained in essential oils of several medicinal plants. Several studies show that this substance has been the subject of numerous pharmacological investigations, which have yielded interesting results. Grifolin demonstrated beneficial effects for health via its multiple pharmacological activities. It has anti-microbial properties against bacteria, fungi, and parasites. In addition, grifolin exhibited remarkable anti-cancer effects on different human cancer cells. The anticancer action of this molecule is related to its ability to act at cellular and molecular levels on different checkpoints controlling the signaling pathways of human cancer cell lines. Grifolin can induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and senescence in these cells. Despite its major pharmacological properties, grifolin has only been investigated in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, further investigations concerning pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic tests are required for any possible pharmaceutical application of this substance. Moreover, toxicological tests and other investigations involving humans as a study model are required to validate the safety and clinical applications of grifolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (A.B.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Aicha El Allam
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco; (A.B.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Ikrame Zeouk
- Pharmaceutical Industry Laboratory, National Agency of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Taounate 34025, Morocco;
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco;
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Michelina Catauro
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
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Yang XD, Ge XC, Jiang SY, Yang YY. Potential lipolytic regulators derived from natural products as effective approaches to treat obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1000739. [PMID: 36176469 PMCID: PMC9513423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1000739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemic obesity is contributing to increases in the prevalence of obesity-related metabolic diseases and has, therefore, become an important public health problem. Adipose tissue is a vital energy storage organ that regulates whole-body energy metabolism. Triglyceride degradation in adipocytes is called lipolysis. It is closely tied to obesity and the metabolic disorders associated with it. Various natural products such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids regulate lipolysis and can promote weight loss or improve obesity-related metabolic conditions. It is important to identify the specific secondary metabolites that are most effective at reducing weight and the health risks associated with obesity and lipolysis regulation. The aims of this review were to identify, categorize, and clarify the modes of action of a wide diversity of plant secondary metabolites that have demonstrated prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy against obesity by regulating lipolysis. The present review explores the regulatory mechanisms of lipolysis and summarizes the effects and modes of action of various natural products on this process. We propose that the discovery and development of natural product-based lipolysis regulators could diminish the risks associated with obesity and certain metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ding Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xing-Cheng Ge
- Xiangxing College, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Si-Yi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Yueyang Vocational Technical College, YueYang, China
| | - Yong-Yu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Central of Translational Medical and Innovative Drug, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Yu Yang,
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24
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Zhuo Y, Li M, Jiang Q, Ke H, Liang Q, Zeng LF, Fang J. Evolving Roles of Natural Terpenoids From Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:901545. [PMID: 35651977 PMCID: PMC9150774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.901545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease which can lead to reduction in bone mass and increased risk of bone fracture due to the microstructural degradation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for a long time. Terpenoids, a class of natural products that are rich in TCM, have been widely studied for their therapeutic efficacy on bone resorption, osteogenesis, and concomitant inflammation. Terpenoids can be classified in four categories by structures, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, and triterpenoids. In this review, we comprehensively summarize all the currently known TCM-derived terpenoids in the treatment of OP. In addition, we discuss the possible mechanistic-of-actions of all four category terpenoids in anti-OP and assess their therapeutic potential for OP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhuo, ; Ling-Feng Zeng, ; Jiansong Fang,
| | - Meng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Women and Children’s Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyao Jiang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanzhong Ke
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingchun Liang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Feng Zeng
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhuo, ; Ling-Feng Zeng, ; Jiansong Fang,
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhuo, ; Ling-Feng Zeng, ; Jiansong Fang,
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25
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Islam F, Bibi S, Meem AFK, Islam MM, Rahaman MS, Bepary S, Rahman MM, Rahman MM, Elzaki A, Kajoak S, Osman H, ElSamani M, Khandaker MU, Idris AM, Emran TB. Natural Bioactive Molecules: An Alternative Approach to the Treatment and Control of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12638. [PMID: 34884440 PMCID: PMC8658031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been associated with serious health hazards in recent decades, resulting in the deaths of thousands around the globe. The recent coronavirus pandemic has emphasized the importance of discovering novel and effective antiviral medicines as quickly as possible to prevent more loss of human lives. Positive-sense RNA viruses with group spikes protruding from their surfaces and an abnormally large RNA genome enclose CoVs. CoVs have already been related to a range of respiratory infectious diseases possibly fatal to humans, such as MERS, SARS, and the current COVID-19 outbreak. As a result, effective prevention, treatment, and medications against human coronavirus (HCoV) is urgently needed. In recent years, many natural substances have been discovered with a variety of biological significance, including antiviral properties. Throughout this work, we reviewed a wide range of natural substances that interrupt the life cycles for MERS and SARS, as well as their potential application in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;
- International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and Southeast Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Sristy Bepary
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (F.I.); (A.F.K.M.); (M.M.I.); (M.S.R.); (S.B.); (M.M.R.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Amin Elzaki
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Samih Kajoak
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Hamid Osman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Mohamed ElSamani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.E.); (S.K.); (H.O.); (M.E.)
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
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Bellavia D, Caradonna F, Dimarco E, Costa V, Carina V, De Luca A, Raimondi L, Gentile C, Alessandro R, Fini M, Giavaresi G. Terpenoid treatment in osteoporosis: this is where we have come in research. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:846-861. [PMID: 34481733 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Lower bone resistance to load is due to the imbalance of bone homeostasis, where excessive bone resorption, compared with bone formation, determines a progressive osteopenia, leading to a high risk of fractures and consequent pain and functional limitations. Terpenoids, with their activities against bone resorption, have recently received increased attention from researchers. They are potentially more suitable for long-term use compared with traditional therapeutics. In this review of the literature of the past 5 years, we provide comprehensive information on terpenoids, with their anti-osteoporotic effects, highlighting molecular mechanisms that are often in epigenetic key and a possible pharmacological use in osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fabio Caradonna
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Eufrosina Dimarco
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Carina
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carla Gentile
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- University of Palermo, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo, Italy; Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
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Mohyuddin SG, Qamar A, Hu CY, Li Y, Chen SW, Wen JY, Bao ML, Ju XH. Terpinen4-ol inhibits heat stress induced inflammation in colonic tissue by Activating Occludin, Claudin-2 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107727. [PMID: 34426115 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress has severe implications on the health of mice involving intestinal mucosal barrier damage and dysregulated mucosal immune response. This study was designed with long-term heat stress to detect the protective effect of terpinen4-ol on body weight, colon length, organ index, morphological structure, inflammatory cytokines expression, Claudin-2, Occludin, and TLR4 signaling pathway of colonic tissue in mice under heat stress. A study found that oral administration of terpinen4-ol helped against mortality and intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of acute colitis induced by heat stress (40 °C per day for 4 h) exposed for 14 consecutive days. The mice were divided into five groups including control, heat stress, terpinen4-ol low dose (TER LD: 5 mg/kg), medium dose (TER MD: 10 mg/kg), and high dose (TER HD: 20 mg/kg) group. Our study showed that the heat-stress terpinen4-ol group had improved body weight, colon length, and organ index, the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in the blood as compared to the heat stress group. In addition, results showed that heat stress upregulated the expression of TLR4, p65, TNF-α, and IL-10. While, in mice receiving the oral administration of terpinen4-ol, the production of TNF-α, IL-10, TLR4, and p65 was suppressed on day 1, 7, and 14 of heat stress. In addition Claudin-2, Occludin mRNA levels were upregulated in mice receiving terpinen4-ol on day 1, 7, and 14 of heat stress. Furthermore, the IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α serum levels were also upregulated in mice under heat stress, but in mice receiving the oral administration of terpinen4-ol, the IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α level was down-regulated on day 1, 7, and 14 of heat stress. Histomorphological examination found that as compared to the control group, the muscle layer thickness and villi height of mice in the heat stress group were significantly reduced, while the changes of the above indicators in the terpinene4-ol groups were improved than those in the heat stress group. In conclusion, the terpinen4-ol has a protective effect on colonic tissue damage induced by heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ghulam Mohyuddin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Aftab Qamar
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Can-Ying Hu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Sheng-Wei Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Jia-Ying Wen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Ming-Long Bao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Xiang Hong Ju
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China.
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Fotoohi A, Moloudi MR, Hosseini S, Hassanzadeh K, Feligioni M, Izadpanah E. A Novel Pharmacological Protective Role for Safranal in an Animal Model of Huntington's Disease. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1372-1379. [PMID: 33611726 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative and inherited disease and recent years have witnessed the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms related to HD. Safranal, an organic compound isolated from saffron, has been reported to have anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and has studied in chronic and neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effect of safranal on 3-NP induced locomotor activity and biochemical alterations in rats. To this aim, 40 male Wistar rats weighting 250-300 g were divided into 5 groups (n = 8) including sham, 3-NP group (10 mg/kg) as control and treatment groups (3-NP + safranal 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg) in two weeks duration of treatment. Behavioral/movement assessments in addition to oxidant/antioxidant markers in rat cortex and striatum were evaluated in control and treatment groups. Here, we found that safranal significantly alleviated 3-NP-induced changes of body weight, rotarod activity, number of vacuous chewing movements (VCMs), and locomotor activity. In addition, brain tissue assessments in cortex and striatum revealed that safranal could prevent the elevation of nitrite and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity and glutathione (GSH) induced by 3-NP. In conclusion our results showed that safranal prevented the motor dysfunction induced by 3-NP in animal model of Huntington's disease. This effect might be due to its modulating effect on oxidants-antioxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Fotoohi
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Raman Moloudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Saed Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kambiz Hassanzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kudistan Province, Pasdaran Avenue, Sanandaj, Iran
- Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Feligioni
- Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, 00161, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, 20144, Milan, Italy.
| | - Esmael Izadpanah
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Kudistan Province, Pasdaran Avenue, Sanandaj, Iran.
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29
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Younis NS, Mohamed ME. Protective effects of myrrh essential oil on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, Nrf2/HO-1 and apoptotic pathways. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 270:113793. [PMID: 33421599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myrrh, a traditional remedy, is the stem resinous exudate of Commiphora molmol Engler (Burseraceae). The aromatic yellowish-brown oleoresin has a long history in folk and traditional medicine, in Saudi Arabia and the Arab world. Severe universal concern attributable to the high mortality is Myocardial Infarction (MI). Acute administration of Isoproterenol (ISO) is an established animal model to induce myocardial injury. OBJECTIVE The existing animal study was outlined to inspect the actions of Myrrh essential oil on cardiac functional, antioxidant status, apoptotic and inflammatory deviations in isoproterenol induced MI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Normal and Myrrh control animals were administered normal saline and Myrrh essential oil for thirty days orally, respectively. On the 29th and 30th day, the animals were injected by saline (s.c.). In the ISO control, the animals were administered saline orally for 30 days and then confronted with ISO (85 mg/kg s.c.) on 29th and 30th days. In the Myrrh Groups (IV and V), the animals were treated with Myrrh essential oil (50 and 100 mg/k) respectively for 30 days and injected with ISO (85 mg/kg, s.c.) on 29th and 30th days. RESULTS Animals experienced MI displayed functional blood pressure deviations, intensification in the heart to body weight ratio, myocytes indicative markers (CK-MB, CPK, LDH, cTnT, cTnI), lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, apoptotic markers (Caspase 3,9), and inflammatory indicators. Conversely, animals pre-treated with Myrrh revealed obliteration of those elevations triggered by ISO induction, diminished elevated biochemical values and improved heart function. CONCLUSION Myrrh abstain effective cardio-protective action in MI model through improving the oxidative condition with myocytes and abolishing apoptotic as well as inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S Younis
- BCPS, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Maged E Mohamed
- BCPS, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
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30
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Ibrahim MAA, Abdelrahman AHM, Mohamed TA, Atia MAM, Al-Hammady MAM, Abdeljawaad KAA, Elkady EM, Moustafa MF, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS, El-Seedi HR, Paré PW, Efferth T, Hegazy MEF. In Silico Mining of Terpenes from Red-Sea Invertebrates for SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (M pro) Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:2082. [PMID: 33916461 PMCID: PMC8038614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent for the COVID-19 pandemic, which generated more than 1.82 million deaths in 2020 alone, in addition to 83.8 million infections. Currently, there is no antiviral medication to treat COVID-19. In the search for drug leads, marine-derived metabolites are reported here as prospective SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Two hundred and twenty-seven terpene natural products isolated from the biodiverse Red-Sea ecosystem were screened for inhibitor activity against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area binding energy calculations. On the basis of in silico analyses, six terpenes demonstrated high potency as Mpro inhibitors with ΔGbinding ≤ -40.0 kcal/mol. The stability and binding affinity of the most potent metabolite, erylosides B, were compared to the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Erylosides B showed greater binding affinity towards SARS-CoV-2 Mpro than lopinavir over 100 ns with ΔGbinding values of -51.9 vs. -33.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Protein-protein interactions indicate that erylosides B biochemical signaling shares gene components that mediate severe acute respiratory syndrome diseases, including the cytokine- and immune-signaling components BCL2L1, IL2, and PRKC. Pathway enrichment analysis and Boolean network modeling were performed towards a deep dissection and mining of the erylosides B target-function interactions. The current study identifies erylosides B as a promising anti-COVID-19 drug lead that warrants further in vitro and in vivo testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.H.M.A.); (K.A.A.A.)
| | - Alaa H. M. Abdelrahman
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.H.M.A.); (K.A.A.A.)
| | - Tarik A. Mohamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. M. Atia
- Molecular Genetics and Genome Mapping Laboratory, Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | | | - Khlood A. A. Abdeljawaad
- Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (A.H.M.A.); (K.A.A.A.)
| | - Eman M. Elkady
- National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11516, Egypt; (M.A.M.A.-H.); (E.M.E.)
| | - Mahmoud F. Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Paul W. Paré
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Mohamed-Elamir F. Hegazy
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany;
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Pitsikas N. Crocus sativus L. Extracts and Its Constituents Crocins and Safranal; Potential Candidates for Schizophrenia Treatment? Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051237. [PMID: 33669124 PMCID: PMC7956290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental devastating disease. Current therapy suffers from various limitations including low efficacy and serious side effects. Thus, there is an urgent necessity to develop new antipsychotics with higher efficacy and safety. The dried stigma of the plant Crocus sativus L., (CS) commonly known as saffron, are used in traditional medicine for various purposes. It has been demonstrated that saffron and its bioactive components crocins and safranal exert a beneficial action in different pathologies of the central nervous system such as anxiety, depression, epilepsy and memory problems. Recently, their role as potential antipsychotic agents is under investigation. In the present review, I intended to critically assess advances in research of these molecules for the treatment of schizophrenia, comment on their advantages over currently used neuroleptics as well-remaining challenges. Up to our days, few preclinical studies have been conducted to this end. In spite of it, results are encouraging and strongly corroborate that additional research is mandatory aiming to definitively establish a role for saffron and its bioactive components for the treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Pitsikas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Panepistimiou 3, 415-00 Larissa, Greece
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Abstract
Gynecological cancer confers an enormous burden among women worldwide. Accumulating evidence points to the role of phytochemicals in preventing cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. Experimental studies emphasize the chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of plant-derived substances by inhibiting the early stages of carcinogenesis or improving the efficacy of traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, a number of epidemiological studies have investigated associations between a plant-based diet and cancer risk. This literature review summarizes the current knowledge on the phytochemicals with proven antitumor activity, emphasizing their effectiveness and mechanism of action in gynecological cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Woźniak
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.)
| | - Rafał Krajewski
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.)
| | - Siddarth Agrawal
- Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (S.M.)
- Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Stasiłowicz A, Tomala A, Podolak I, Cielecka-Piontek J. Cannabis sativa L. as a Natural Drug Meeting the Criteria of a Multitarget Approach to Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E778. [PMID: 33466734 PMCID: PMC7830475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. turned out to be a valuable source of chemical compounds of various structures, showing pharmacological activity. The most important groups of compounds include phytocannabinoids and terpenes. The pharmacological activity of Cannabis (in epilepsy, sclerosis multiplex (SM), vomiting and nausea, pain, appetite loss, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Parkinson's disease, Tourette's syndrome, schizophrenia, glaucoma, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)), which has been proven so far, results from the affinity of these compounds predominantly for the receptors of the endocannabinoid system (the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1), type two (CB2), and the G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55)) but, also, for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), glycine receptors, serotonin receptors (5-HT), transient receptor potential channels (TRP), and GPR, opioid receptors. The synergism of action of phytochemicals present in Cannabis sp. raw material is also expressed in their increased bioavailability and penetration through the blood-brain barrier. This review provides an overview of phytochemistry and pharmacology of compounds present in Cannabis extracts in the context of the current knowledge about their synergistic actions and the implications of clinical use in the treatment of selected diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stasiłowicz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 4, 61-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Anna Tomala
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (A.T.); (I.P.)
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; (A.T.); (I.P.)
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 4, 61-781 Poznan, Poland;
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Stathis C, Victoria N, Loomis K, Nguyen SA, Eggers M, Septimus E, Safdar N. Review of the use of nasal and oral antiseptics during a global pandemic. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:119-130. [PMID: 33464122 PMCID: PMC7842245 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of nasal sprays and gargles with antiviral properties suggests that a number of commonly used antiseptics including povidone-iodine, Listerine®, iota-carrageenan and chlorhexidine should be studied in clinical trials to mitigate both the progression and transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Several of these antiseptics have demonstrated the ability to cut the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 by 3-4 log10 in 15-30 s in vitro. In addition, hypertonic saline targets viral replication by increasing hypochlorous acid inside the cell. A number of clinical trials are in process to study these interventions both for prevention of transmission, prophylaxis after exposure, and to diminish progression by reduction of viral load in the early stages of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shaun A Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Maren Eggers
- Prof Dr G Enders MVZ Laboratory & Institute of Virology, Infectious Diseases, Stuttgart, BW 70193, Germany
| | - Edward Septimus
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School & the Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Nasia Safdar
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, WI, USA & The William S Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53726, USA
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Niwa H, Kurimoto SI, Kubota T, Sekiguchi M. Macrocarquinoids A-C, new meroterpenoids from Sargassum macrocarpum. J Nat Med 2021; 75:194-200. [PMID: 32974814 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01449-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The production and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in diabetes and diabetic complication. This study was conducted as a search for an AGE inhibitor from brown alga, Sargassum macrocarpum. Separation and purification were performed using AGEs inhibitory activity as an index, yielding isolation of 11 meroterpenoids, of which 3 were new compounds: macrocarquinoids A (1), B (6), and C (9). Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectral analysis with 2D techniques. All tested compounds showed AGEs inhibitory activity. Particularly, macrocarquinoid C (9) possessed the strongest activity (IC50: 1.0 mM) of isolated compounds. This activity was stronger than that of aminoguanidine (positive control).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Niwa
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | | | - Takaaki Kubota
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Sekiguchi
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan.
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36
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Araruna ME, Serafim C, Alves Júnior E, Hiruma-Lima C, Diniz M, Batista L. Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Terpenes in Experimental Models (2010-2020): A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225430. [PMID: 33233487 PMCID: PMC7699610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) refer to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, which mainly comprises Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBDs are characterized by inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, are highly debilitating, and are without a definitive cure. Their pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated; however, it is assumed that genetic, immunological, and environmental factors are involved. People affected by IBDs have relapses, and therapeutic regimens are not always able to keep symptoms in remission over the long term. Natural products emerge as an alternative for the development of new drugs; bioactive compounds are promising in the treatment of several disorders, among them those that affect the gastrointestinal tract, due to their wide structural diversity and biological activities. This review compiles 12 terpenes with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity evaluated in animal models and in vitro studies. The therapeutic approach to IBDs using terpenes acts basically to prevent oxidative stress, combat dysbiosis, restore intestinal permeability, and improve the inflammation process in different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elaine Araruna
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Catarina Serafim
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Edvaldo Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
| | - Clelia Hiruma-Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Physiology), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil;
| | - Margareth Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Leônia Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural Products and Bioactive Synthetic, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil; (M.E.A.); (C.S.); (E.A.J.); (M.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-83-32167003; Fax: +55-83-32167502
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Ma X, Jiang Y, Wen J, Zhao Y, Zeng J, Guo Y. A comprehensive review of natural products to fight liver fibrosis: Alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins and other compounds. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 888:173578. [PMID: 32976828 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of drugs to treat liver fibrosis has long been a challenge over the past decades due to its complicated pathogenesis. As a primary approach for drug development, natural products account for 30% of clinical drugs used for disease treatment. Therefore, natural products are increasingly important for their medicinal value in liver fibrosis therapy. In this part of the review, special focus is placed on the effect and mechanism of natural compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins and others. A total of 36 kinds of natural compounds demonstrate significant antifibrotic effects in various liver fibrosis models in vivo and in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro. Revealing the mechanism will provide further basis for clinical conversion, as well as accelerate drug discovery. The mechanism was further summarized with the finding of network regulation by several natural products, such as oxymatrine, paeoniflorin, ginsenoside Rg1 and taurine. Moreover, there are still improvements needed in investigating clinical efficacy, determining mechanisms, and combining applications, as well as semisynthesis and modification. Therefore, natural products area promising resource for agents that protect against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jianxia Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Yaoguang Guo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Kustrin E, Gegechkori V, Morton DW. Anxiolytic Terpenoids and Aromatherapy for Anxiety and Depression. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020; 1260:283-296. [PMID: 32304038 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In our society, anxiety and depression are serious health issues that affect a large proportion of the population. Unfortunately, drug therapies are not always effective and can lead to drug abuse, delay of therapeutic effect, dependence, and tolerance. Traditionally, aromatherapy has also been used for anxiety relief and mood improvement. The use of essential oils, in relieving anxiety and depression, does not have the disadvantages associated with currently used drug therapies. In-vivo studies on animal models have verified the anxiolytic effects of these essential oils and the interactions of their major components with central nervous system receptors. Therefore, it seems reasonable to argue that the modulation of glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter systems are likely to be the critical mechanisms responsible for the sedative, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant proprieties of linalool and essential oils containing linalool in significant proportions. Popular anxiolytic essential oils are generally rich in terpenoid alcohols like linalool, geraniol and citronellol, and the monoterpene limonene (or citral). Therefore, other essential oils or formulations that contain these terpenoids as major components may serve as important aromatherapeutics for relief of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agatonovic-Kustrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia.
| | - E Kustrin
- Department of Creative Arts and English, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - V Gegechkori
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - D W Morton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
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Bazioli JM, Costa JH, Shiozawa L, Ruiz ALTG, Foglio MA, Carvalho JED. Anti-Estrogenic Activity of Guajadial Fraction, from Guava Leaves ( Psidium guajava L.). Molecules 2020; 25:E1525. [PMID: 32230839 PMCID: PMC7181212 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The research of natural products has allowed for the discovery of biologically relevant compounds inspired by plant secondary metabolites, which contributes to the development of many chemotherapeutic drugs used in cancer treatment. Psidium guajava leaves present a diverse phytochemical composition including flavonoids, phenolics, meroterpenoids, and triterpenes as the major bioactive constituents. Guajadial, a caryophyllene-based meroterpenoid, has been studied for potential anticancer effects tested in tumor cells and animal experimental models. Moreover, guajadial has been reported to have a mechanism of action similar to tamoxifen, suggesting this compound as a promisor phytoestrogen-based therapeutic agent. Herein, the anti-estrogenic action and anti-proliferative activity of guajadial is reported. The enriched guajadial fraction was obtained by sequential chromatographic techniques from the crude P. guajava dichloromethane extract showing promising anti-proliferative activity in vitro with selectivity for human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MCF-7 BUS (Total Growth Inhibition = 5.59 and 2.27 µg·mL-1, respectively). Furthermore, evaluation of anti-estrogenic activity in vivo was performed demonstrating that guajadial enriched fraction inhibited the proliferative effect of estradiol on the uterus of pre-pubescent rats. These results suggest a relationship between anti-proliferative and anti-estrogenic activity of guajadial, which possibly acts in tumor inhibition through estrogen receptors due to the compounds structural similarity to tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Moraes Bazioli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O.Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonas Henrique Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, P.O.Box 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Shiozawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate program in Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, 13 414-903, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Ye Z, Liang Z, Mi Q, Guo Y. Limonene terpenoid obstructs human bladder cancer cell (T24 cell line) growth by inducing cellular apoptosis, caspase activation, G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and stops cancer metastasis. J BUON 2020; 25:280-285. [PMID: 32277643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary purpose of the current study was to investigate the antitumor activity of limonene which is a plant monoterpene along with evaluating its effects on cell apoptosis, cell cycle phase distribution, cell migration and invasion. METHODS The cell proliferation of T24 bladder cancer cells was examined by WTS-1 assay. The apoptotic effects induced by limonene were investigated by a combination of fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and then confirmed by western blot assay. The effects of limonene on cell cycle in T24 bladder cancer cells were studied by flow cytometry. The effects on cell migration and invasion were examined by wound healing assay and transwell assay using Matrigel. RESULTS The results showed that limonene induced cytotoxic effects and reduced cell viability of T24 human bladder cancer cells showing an IC50 value of 9 μM. Limonene also induced significant apoptosis in bladder cancer cells since it induced significant nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and splitting of the nucleus, representative of the apoptotic cascade. The apoptotic cell percentage was 1.95, 5.35, 15.61 and 34.71% at limonene concentrations of 0, 9, 18 and 36 µM. Further, the apoptotic effects of limonene were also confirmed by Western blot analysis and the results showed increase in the expression of Bax and caspase-3 and decrease of Bcl-2 expression. Limonene also caused G2/M phase cell cycle arrest as well as suppression of cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that limonene might be used as a potent anticancer agent against human bladder cancer for which further in depth studies are needed, especially over its toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Ye
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Baluchnejadmojarad T, Mohamadi-Zarch SM, Roghani M. Safranal, an active ingredient of saffron, attenuates cognitive deficits in amyloid β-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease: underlying mechanisms. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1747-1759. [PMID: 31422512 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative amyloid disorder with progressive deterioration of cognitive and memory skills. Despite many efforts, no decisive therapy yet exists for AD. Safranal is the active constituent of saffron essential oil with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, the possible beneficial effect of safranal on cognitive deficits was evaluated in a rat model of AD induced by intrahippocampal amyloid beta (Aβ1-40). Safranal was daily given p.o. (0.025, 0.1, and 0.2 ml/kg) post-surgery for 1 week and finally learning and memory were evaluated in addition to assessment of the involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Findings showed that safranal treatment of amyloid β-microinjected rats dose-dependently improved cognition in Y-maze, novel-object discrimination, passive avoidance, and 8-arm radial arm maze tasks. Besides, safranal attenuated hippocampal level of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), protein carbonyl, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), apoptotic biomarkers including caspase 3 and DNA fragmentation, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and improved superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with no significant effect on nitrite, catalase activity, and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, safranal prevented CA1 neuronal loss due to amyloid β1-40. In summary, safranal treatment of intrahippocampal amyloid beta1-40-microinjected rats could prevent learning and memory decline via neuronal protection and at a molecular level through amelioration of apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, cholinesterase activity, neutrophil infiltration, and also by preservation of mitochondrial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Bergman ME, Davis B, Phillips MA. Medically Useful Plant Terpenoids: Biosynthesis, Occurrence, and Mechanism of Action. Molecules 2019; 24:E3961. [PMID: 31683764 PMCID: PMC6864776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized plant terpenoids have found fortuitous uses in medicine due to their evolutionary and biochemical selection for biological activity in animals. However, these highly functionalized natural products are produced through complex biosynthetic pathways for which we have a complete understanding in only a few cases. Here we review some of the most effective and promising plant terpenoids that are currently used in medicine and medical research and provide updates on their biosynthesis, natural occurrence, and mechanism of action in the body. This includes pharmacologically useful plastidic terpenoids such as p-menthane monoterpenoids, cannabinoids, paclitaxel (taxol®), and ingenol mebutate which are derived from the 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, as well as cytosolic terpenoids such as thapsigargin and artemisinin produced through the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. We further provide a review of the MEP and MVA precursor pathways which supply the carbon skeletons for the downstream transformations yielding these medically significant natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Bergman
- Department of Cellular and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
| | - Benjamin Davis
- Department of Cellular and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
| | - Michael A Phillips
- Department of Cellular and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto-Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
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Rudenko VI, Rapoport LM, Demidko YL, Demidko LS, Inoyatov GS, Allenov SN. [Clinical value of herbal terpenes after extracorporeal shock-wave therapy]. Urologiia 2019:43-49. [PMID: 31356012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rowatinex is a combined drug based on plant terpenes which provides diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect. A use of herbal preparation Rowatinex in patients with urinary stone disease after extracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWL) is analyzed in the article. AIM To clarify the efficiency of the drug Rowatinex in patients with urinary stone disease after ESWL. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients were divided into two groups depending on therapy administered after ESWL. In main group (n=150) patients received Rowatinex, while in control group (n=70), antispasmodics were administered. Spontaneous passage of fragments was observed in 104 patients in main group (69.3%) and 30 patients in control group (42.9%). RESULTS When studying the effect of therapy on the changes of complete blood count, biochemical panel and daily excretion of some substances (magnesium, uric acid, calcium, etc) there were no significant differences between main group and control group. All values were normal. It was estimated that increase in diuresis during use of Rowatinex contributes to effective and rapid passage of stone fragments. In addition, there was a decrease in leukocyturia in both groups. CONCLUSION Drug Rowatinex allows to reduce the time to spontaneous passage of fragments after ESWL, intensity of pain syndrome and leukocyturia as well as to increase in daily diuresis. This is not accompanied by the development of complications and side effects which allows to administer Rowatinex for a long time as part of complex medical expulsive therapy and use it for recurrence prevention of urinary stone disease. Effect of Rowatinex didnt depend on the stone composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- V I Rudenko
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - L M Rapoport
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yu L Demidko
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - L S Demidko
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - G S Inoyatov
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - S N Allenov
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health of FGAOU VO I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia
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Zheng T, Chen HXYSXZKJLLXBJPY. Anticancer effects of curzerenone against drug-resistant human lung carcinoma cells are mediated via programmed cell death, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS, and blocking the ERK/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway. J BUON 2019; 24:907-912. [PMID: 31424641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main objective of the current study was to examine the anticancer effects of Curzerenone - a naturally occurring sesquiterpene against gemcitabine-resistant lung carcinoma cells. The effects of Curzerenone on mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, ROS, and ERK/MAPK and NF-kB signalling pathways were also investigated in the present study. METHODS Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) and DAPI staining as well as flow cytometry using annexin V apoptosis assay. The effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were examined by flow cytometry. Protein expression was examined by western blotting. RESULTS It was found that Curzerenone induced potent antiproliferative effects against the gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells and exhibited an IC50 of 24 µM. The anticancer effects of curzerenone were due to the induction of apoptosis which was also associated with alteration of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax,Bcl-2). Curzerenone also caused ROS-mediated alterations in the MMP. Curzerenone induced cell death in gemcitabine-resistant lung cancer cells by activating p38 MAPK/ERK signalling pathway while NF-kB pathway was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the current results strongly indicate that Curzerenone may prove a potential anticancer drug candidate against drug-resistant lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518036, China
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Wang JW, Chen SS, Zhang YM, Guan J, Su GY, Ding M, Li W, Zhao YQ. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity based on polymorphism of cedrol in mice. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 68:13-18. [PMID: 30852303 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alternate forms of drug crystals display different physicochemical properties. These include stability, dissolution rate, bioavailability and solubility, which can affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. It is therefore important to compare the crystal forms of cedrol to obtain optimal anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. This study, for the first time, obtained and reports three novel forms (I-III) of cedrol polymorphs. The three forms of cedrol were recrystallized from seven organic solvents by slow cooling or volatilization and identified by thermal analysis, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Form I originated from acetone and cyclohexane. Form II was obtained from ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile and n-hexane. Form III was recrystallized from methanol. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the three crystalline forms were evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing in mice, the hot plate method, carrageenan induced mouse paw edema models, Xylene-induced mouse ear edema models and cotton pellet-induced mouse granuloma models. Experimental results revealed that the highest performance was achieved from Form I. These findings are of great significance during the early research study of cedrol polymorphs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Wen Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Liaoning Xinzhong Modern Medicine Co. Ltd, Shenyang 110041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guan
- Liaoning Xinzhong Modern Medicine Co. Ltd, Shenyang 110041, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Yue Su
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ding
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Zhao
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Structure-based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Deb S, Phukan BC, Mazumder MK, Dutta A, Paul R, Bhattacharya P, Sandhir R, Borah A. Garcinol, a multifaceted sword for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2019; 128:50-57. [PMID: 30986504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Garcinol, the principal phytoconstituent of plants belonging to the genus Garcinia, is known for its anti-oxidant as well as anti-inflammatory properties, which can be extended to its possible neuroprotective role. Recent reports disseminate the capacity of garcinol to influence neuronal growth and survival, alter the neurochemical status in brain, as well as regulate memory and cognition. The concomitant neuro-rescue property of garcinol may render it as an effective compound in Parkinson's disease (PD) therapeutics since it is capable of ameliorating the related pathophysiological changes. Emerging pieces of evidence linking histone acetylation defects to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases provide an effective basis for targeting PD. Hyperacetylation of histones has been reported in Parkinsonian brain, which demands the use of pharmacological inhibitors of histone acetyltransferases (HAT). Garcinol serves as a potent natural HAT inhibitor and has unveiled promising results in molecular interaction studies against Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT), as well as in L-DOPA induced dyskinesia. This review highlights the prospective implications of garcinol as a novel anti-Parkinsonian agent, and establishes a bridge between histone acetylation defects and the pathological aspects of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satarupa Deb
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Banashree Chetia Phukan
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Muhammed Khairujjaman Mazumder
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Ankumoni Dutta
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India
| | - Rajib Paul
- Department of Zoology, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Adarsha Mahavidyalaya (PDUAM), Eraligool, 788723, Karimganj, Assam, India
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, 382355, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajat Sandhir
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anupom Borah
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, Assam, India.
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Spósito L, Oda FB, Vieira JH, Carvalho FA, Dos Santos Ramos MA, de Castro RC, Crevelin EJ, Crotti AEM, Santos AG, da Silva PB, Chorilli M, Bauab TM. In vitro and in vivo anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Casearia sylvestris leaf derivatives. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 233:1-12. [PMID: 30594606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The number of bacterial strains that are resistant to multiple conventional antimicrobial agents is increasing. In this context, natural products have been widely used as a strategy to treat diseases caused by bacteria. Infections by Helicobacter pylori have attracted attention because they are directly related to severe gastric medical conditions. Casearia sylvestris Swartz, popularly known as guaçatonga, is largely employed to treat gastric disorders in Brazilian folk medicine. This plant species has aroused much interest mainly because it displays anti-inflammatory activity and can act as an antiulcer agent. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anti-H. pylori action of C. sylvestris leaf derivatives incorporated or not in a nanostructured drug delivery system. MATERIALS AND METHODS The essential oil (obtained by hydrodistillation) and ethanolic extract (obtained by maceration) were obtained from C. sylvestris leaves. The ethanolic extract was submitted to fractionation through solid phase extraction and column chromatography, to yield the ethanolic fractions. Hydrolyzed casearin J was achieved by submitting isolated casearin J to acid hydrolysis. The derivatives were chemically characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. A nanostructured lipid system was used as drug delivery system. To assess the in vitro antibacterial activity of C. sylvestris leaf essential oil, ethanolic extract, and derivatives, microdilution, biofilm, and time-kill assays were performed against H. pylori ATCC 43504. Finally, the in vivo action was investigated by employing male Wistar rats experimentally infected with H. pylori. RESULTS Many C. sylvestris leaf derivatives presented significant in vitro activity against H. pylori. Among the derivatives, fraction 2 (F2) was the most effective. In vivo tests showed that both the ethanolic extract and F2 decreased the ulcerative lesion size, but only the ethanolic extract eradicated H. pylori from the gastric lesions. Incorporation of plant derivatives in nanostructured lipid system blunted the in vitro action, as demonstrated by the microdilution assay. However, this incorporation improved the ethanolic extract activity against biofilms. CONCLUSION C. sylvestris leaf derivatives are effective against H. pylori both in vitro and in vivo. According to phytochemical analyses, these derivatives are rich in terpenoids, which could be related to the anti-H. pylori action. Synergism could also underlie C. sylvestris efficacy judging from the fact that the sub-fractions and isolated compounds had lower activity than the extract. Incorporation in a nanostructured lipid system did not improve the activity of the compounds in our in vivo protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Spósito
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando Bombarda Oda
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Júlia Hunger Vieira
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Alexandre Carvalho
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rogério Cardoso de Castro
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Crevelin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André Gonzaga Santos
- Department of Natural Active Principles and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bento da Silva
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
Aromatic plants synthesize and produce aromatic molecules, among these compounds some of them belong to terpenes and terpenoids. Plant species have specific genes involved in secondary metabolism which allows them to synthesize various compounds with terpene core. These kinds of plant species are also known as herbal drugs and they are primarily used as components in medicinal products or simply as health foods. This chapter will focus on terpene and terpenoid compounds found in selected edible and aromatic plants belonging to several plant families. Selected plant species are briefly discussed. Biologically active compounds with terpene core are most frequently found in essential oils of the edible and aromatic species, as well as they are separately isolated and identified from the extracts. Health beneficial effects coming from terpene compounds found in edible and aromatic plants are further presented and include antimicrobial, antiviral, cytotoxic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and many other pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Petrović
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Soković
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Chung S, Kim S, Son M, Kim M, Koh ES, Shin SJ, Park CW, Kim HS. Inhibition of p300/CBP-Associated Factor Attenuates Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis through Modulation of NF-kB and Nrf2. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071554. [PMID: 30925687 PMCID: PMC6479343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), a histone acetyltransferase, is involved in many cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and reaction to cell damage by modulating the activities of several genes and proteins through the acetylation of either the histones or transcription factors. Here, we examined a pathogenic role of PCAF and its potential as a novel therapeutic target in the progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by non-diabetic unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in male C57BL/6 mice. Administration of garcinol, a PCAF inhibitor, reversed a UUO-induced increase in the renal expression of total PCAF and histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation and reduced positive areas of trichrome and α-smooth muscle actin and collagen content. Treatment with garcinol also decreased mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and fibronectin. Furthermore, garcinol suppressed nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6, whereas it preserved the nuclear expression of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like factor 2 (Nrf2) and levels of Nrf2-dependent antioxidants including heme oxygense-1, catalase, superoxide dismutase 1, and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1. These results suggest that the inhibition of inordinately enhanced PCAF could mitigate renal fibrosis by redressing aberrant balance between inflammatory signaling and antioxidant response through the modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Soojeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Mina Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Minyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Eun Sil Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Seok Joon Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Ho-Shik Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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Kajal A, Singh R. Coriandrum sativum seeds extract mitigate progression of diabetic nephropathy in experimental rats via AGEs inhibition. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213147. [PMID: 30845182 PMCID: PMC6405108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inthe present study, we have demonstrated the phytochemical composition of petroleum ether extract of C. sativum (CPE) seeds by using chromatographic, spectroscopic as well spectrometric analysis. CPE was evaluated for its possible role in mitigation of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NAD) induced type 2 diabetes model. Administration of CPE at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 45 days has produced significant attenuation of elevated biochemical parameters including serum glucose, lipid and creatinine levels. CPE has also reserved albuminuria and elevated creatinine clearance in treated diabetic rats. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation in kidneyswas also considerably reduced along with noteworthy increase in level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and decrease in lipid peroxidation in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS). Molecular docking studies were also employed to reveal out the possible mechanism. In conclusion, using STZ-NAD model, we have successfully predicted that by assets of bioactive constituents CPE might inhibit the progression of DN. C. sativum may act as potential adjuvant for antidiabetic therapy and needs to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Kajal
- M. M College of Pharmacy, M. M (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Randhir Singh
- M. M College of Pharmacy, M. M (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
- * E-mail:
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