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Tatsumi T, Sasamoto K, Matsumoto T, Hirano R, Oikawa K, Nakano M, Yoshida M, Oisaki K, Kanai M. Practical N-to-C peptide synthesis with minimal protecting groups. Commun Chem 2023; 6:231. [PMID: 37884638 PMCID: PMC10603086 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Accessible drug modalities have continued to increase in number in recent years. Peptides play a central role as pharmaceuticals and biomaterials in these new drug modalities. Although traditional peptide synthesis using chain-elongation from C- to N-terminus is reliable, it produces large quantities of chemical waste derived from protecting groups and condensation reagents, which place a heavy burden on the environment. Here we report an alternative N-to-C elongation strategy utilizing catalytic peptide thioacid formation and oxidative peptide bond formation with main chain-unprotected amino acids under aerobic conditions. This method is applicable to both iterative peptide couplings and convergent fragment couplings without requiring elaborate condensation reagents and protecting group manipulations. A recyclable N-hydroxy pyridone additive effectively suppresses epimerization at the elongating chain. We demonstrate the practicality of this method by showcasing a straightforward synthesis of the nonapeptide DSIP. This method further opens the door to clean and atom-efficient peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tatsumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koki Sasamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryo Hirano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kazuki Oikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masato Nakano
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kounosuke Oisaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5-2, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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2
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1-Hydroxy-2(1 H)-pyridinone-Based Chelators with Potential Catechol O-Methyl Transferase Inhibition and Neurorescue Dual Action against Parkinson's Disease. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092816. [PMID: 35566171 PMCID: PMC9101691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two analogues of tolcapone where the nitrocatechol group has been replaced by a 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinone have been designed and synthesised. These compounds are expected to have a dual mode of action both beneficial against Parkinson’s disease: they are designed to be inhibitors of catechol O-methyl transferase, which contribute to the reduction of dopamine in the brain, and to protect neurons against oxidative damage. To assess whether these compounds are worthy of biological assessment to demonstrate these effects, measurement of their pKa and stability constants for Fe(III), in silico modelling of their potential to inhibit COMT and blood–brain barrier scoring were performed. These results demonstrate that the compounds may indeed have the desired properties, indicating they are indeed promising candidates for further evaluation.
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3
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Carret S, Poisson JF, Berthiol F, Achuenu C. 1,2-Additions on Chiral N-Sulfinylketimines: An Easy Access to Chiral α-Tertiary Amines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1737563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChiral α-tertiary amines, a motif present in α,α-disubstituted α-amino acids, in a wide range of natural products, and many drugs and drug candidates, are important targets in organic chemistry. Among the possible strategies, 1,2-addition to chiral N-sulfinylketimines is one of the best routes to form chiral α-tertiary amines with a high level of stereoselectivity. In this review, we focus first on the addition of organometallic reagents or other nucleophiles as enols or ylides to chiral N-sulfinylketimines. Then secondly we cover a selection of applications of these additions in the synthesis of valuable biologically active compounds.1 Introduction2 1,2-Addition Reaction Methodologies2.1 Organolithium Reagent Additions2.2 Grignard Additions2.3 Organozinc Reagent Additions2.4 Organoindium Reagent Additions2.5 Organoboron Reagent Additions2.6 Strecker Reactions2.7 Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions2.8 Enols, Enolates, and Other Deprotonated Reagent Additions2.9 Ylide Additions2.10 Heteroatom Nucleophiles2.11 Miscellaneous Reactions3 Applications to the Synthesis of Biologically Active Molecules4 Conclusions
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4
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Zhu Z, Krishnamurti V, Ispizua-Rodriguez X, Barrett C, Prakash GKS. Chemoselective N- and O-Difluoromethylation of 2-Pyridones, Isoquinolinones, and Quinolinones with TMSCF 2Br. Org Lett 2021; 23:6494-6498. [PMID: 34344153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple protocol for direct N- and O-difluoromethylation of 2-pyridones, quinolinones, and isoquinolinones using commercially available TMSCF2Br is disclosed. The chemoselectivity is modulated by simple variations in temperature, solvent, and strength of the base. Diverse, synthetically relevant functional groups are tolerated, including functional groups that have reported reactivity with TMSCF2Br. Gram-scale reactions to prepare both N- and O-difluoromethyl compounds are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhu
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Vinayak Krishnamurti
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Xanath Ispizua-Rodriguez
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Colby Barrett
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - G K Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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5
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Shrestha B, Rose BT, Olen CL, Roth A, Kwong AC, Wang Y, Denmark SE. A Unified Strategy for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1,2-Amino Alcohols Leading to Highly Substituted Bisoxazoline Ligands. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3490-3534. [PMID: 33539091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general procedure for the asymmetric synthesis of highly substituted 1,2-amino alcohols in high yield and diastereoselectivity is described that uses organometallic additions of a wide range of nucleophiles to tert-butylsulfinimines as the key step. The addition of organolithium reagents to these imines follows a modified Davis model. The diastereoselectivity for this reaction depends significantly on both the nucleophile and electrophile. These highly substituted 1,2-amino alcohols are used to synthesize stereochemically diverse and structurally novel, polysubstituted 2,2'-methylene(bisoxazoline) ligands in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Shrestha
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Brennan T Rose
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Casey L Olen
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Aaron Roth
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Adon C Kwong
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yang Wang
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Scott E Denmark
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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6
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Aoki T, Yoshizawa H, Yamawaki K, Yokoo K, Sato J, Hisakawa S, Hasegawa Y, Kusano H, Sano M, Sugimoto H, Nishitani Y, Sato T, Tsuji M, Nakamura R, Nishikawa T, Yamano Y. Cefiderocol (S-649266), A new siderophore cephalosporin exhibiting potent activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative pathogens including multi-drug resistant bacteria: Structure activity relationship. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:847-868. [PMID: 29960205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure-activity relationship (SAR) for a novel series of catechol conjugated siderophore cephalosporins is described with their in vitro activities against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Enterobacteriaceae. Cefiderocol (3) was one of the best molecules which displayed well-balanced and potent activities against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens including carbapenem resistant bacteria among the prepared compounds with the modified C-7 side chain and the modified C-3 side chain. Cefiderocol (3) is a highly promising parenteral cephalosporin for the treatment of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Aoki
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Yoshizawa
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamawaki
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsuki Yokoo
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Sato
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Hisakawa
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hasegawa
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kusano
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sano
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Sugimoto
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nishitani
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Sato
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Tsuji
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rio Nakamura
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Nishikawa
- Drug Discovery & Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yamano
- Pharmaceutical Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho, 3-chome, Toyonaka, 561-0825, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Shin WS, Bergstrom A, Xie J, Bonomo RA, Crowder MW, Muthyala R, Sham YY. Discovery of 1-Hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione-6-carboxylic Acid as a First-in-Class Low-Cytotoxic Nanomolar Metallo β-Lactamase Inhibitor. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:845-849. [PMID: 28482143 PMCID: PMC6034706 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
VIM-2 is one of the most common carbapenem-hydrolyzing metallo β-lactamases (MBL) found in many drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial strains. Currently, there is a lack of effective lead compounds with optimal therapeutic potential within our drug development pipeline. Here we report the discovery of 1-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione-6-carboxylic acid (3) as a first-in-class metallo β-lactamase inhibitor (MBLi) with a potent inhibition Ki of 13 nm against VIM-2 that corresponds to a remarkable 0.99 ligand efficiency. We further established that 3 can restore the antibiotic activity of amoxicillin against VIM-2-producing E. coli in a whole cell assay with an EC50 of 110 nm. The potential mode of binding of 3 from molecular modeling provided structural insights that could corroborate the observed changes in the biochemical activities. Finally, 3 possesses a low cytotoxicity (CC50 ) of 97 μm with a corresponding therapeutic index of 880, making it a promising lead candidate for further optimization in combination antibacterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Shik Shin
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology Program
| | - Alexander Bergstrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
| | - Jiashu Xie
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Medical Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Michael W. Crowder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio 45056
| | - Ramaiah Muthyala
- Center for Orphan Drug Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Yuk Yin Sham
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology Program
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8
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Büldt LA, Prescimone A, Neuburger M, Wenger OS. Photoredox Properties of Homoleptic d6Metal Complexes with the Electron-Rich 4,4′,5,5′-Tetramethoxy-2,2′-bipyridine Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1,6-diaryl pyridin-2(1H)-one analogs. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 64:613-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Chen T, Luo Y, Sheng L, Li J, Hu Y, Lu W. Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic evaluation of novel N-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives. Mol Divers 2013; 17:435-44. [PMID: 23612851 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-013-9442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel [Formula: see text]-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)pyridin-2([Formula: see text])-one derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human colon cancer cells HCT-116. The key steps involved consecutive Chan-Lam- and Buchwald-Hartwig couplings. Most of these C-6 substituted pyridone derivatives showed moderate antiproliferative activity. The preliminary SAR indicated that the conformationally restricted pyridones exhibited more potent cytotoxicity than the flexible counterparts. In addition, cell cycle analysis of the selected compounds 4b and e showed a G2/M arrest, suggesting a possible antitubulin mechanism for these novel pyridone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
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11
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Recent advances in synthesis of 2-pyridones: a key heterocycle is revisited. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-012-0155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Qiu S, Li G, Lu S, Huang B, Feng Z, Li C. Chiral sulfur compounds studied by Raman optical activity: tert-butanesulfinamide and its precursor tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate. Chirality 2012; 24:731-40. [PMID: 22553109 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Two chiral sulfur compounds, tert-butyl tert-butanethiosulfinate (1) and tert-butanesulfinamide (2), with inversion of configuration, have been studied by Raman optical activity (ROA) and electronic circular dichroism combined with density functional theory calculation. With the S-S linkage in 1, the couplings between the two tertiary carbon atoms often generate large ROA signals, whereas the tertiary carbon atom itself generally makes a large contribution to ROA signals in 2 for similar vibrational modes. The conformational dependence of ROA parameters provides probing conformation around the S-S bond from a new perspective. The simultaneous use of electronic circular dichroism and ROA is warranted to extract reliable conformational information. ROA provides a suitable candidate for the stereochemical study of chiral sulfur compounds, especially its capability of sensing the conformation around the S-S bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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13
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Harris AR, Nason DM, Collantes EM, Xu W, Chi Y, Wang Z, Zhang B, Zhang Q, Gray DL, Davoren JE. Synthesis of 5-bromo-6-methyl imidazopyrazine, 5-bromo and 5-chloro-6-methyl imidazopyridine using electron density surface maps to guide synthetic strategy. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Mercer RE, Chee MJS, Colmers WF. The role of NPY in hypothalamic mediated food intake. Front Neuroendocrinol 2011; 32:398-415. [PMID: 21726573 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a highly conserved neuropeptide with orexigenic actions in discrete hypothalamic nuclei that plays a role in regulating energy homeostasis. NPY signals via a family of high affinity receptors that mediate the widespread actions of NPY in all hypothalamic nuclei. These actions are also subject to tight, intricate regulation by numerous peripheral and central energy balance signals. The NPY system is embedded within a densely-redundant network designed to ensure stable energy homeostasis. This redundancy may underlie compensation for the loss of NPY or its receptors in germline knockouts, explaining why conventional knockouts of NPY or its receptors rarely yield a marked phenotypic change. We discuss insights into the hypothalamic role of NPY from studies of its physiological actions, responses to genetic manipulations and interactions with other energy balance signals. We conclude that numerous approaches must be employed to effectively study different aspects of NPY action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Mercer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2H7
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15
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Yu G, Chowdhury MA, Huang Z, Abdellatif KRA, Knaus EE. Synthesis of phenylacetic acid regioisomers possessing an N-substituted 1,2-dihydropyrid-2-one pharmacophore — Evaluation as inhibitors of cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction provides a useful method for the synthesis of methyl 2-(2-chloropyridyl or 2-methoxypyridyl)phenylacetates. The 2-chloropyridyl or 2-methoxypyridyl ring system can be readily elaborated to N-substituted (OH, Me, CHF2, H) 1,2-dihydropyrid-2-one ring systems that are useful synthons for use in bioorganic and medicinal chemistry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yu
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Morshed A. Chowdhury
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Khaled R. A. Abdellatif
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Edward E. Knaus
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada
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16
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Robak MT, Herbage MA, Ellman JA. Synthesis and applications of tert-butanesulfinamide. Chem Rev 2010; 110:3600-740. [PMID: 20420386 DOI: 10.1021/cr900382t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 881] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- MaryAnn T Robak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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