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Xia M, Moussa Z, Judeh ZMA. Acetic Acid‐Catalyzed Selective Synthesis of
N
‐Substituted 2‐Amino‐3‐Cyanopyrroles
via
a Three‐Component Reaction Between Carbohydrates, Primary Amines and Malononitrile. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Xia
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Ziad Moussa – Department of Chemistry College of Science United Arab Emirates University P. O. Box 15551 Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Zaher M. A. Judeh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive, N1.2-B1-14 637459 Singapore Singapore
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Tran TN, Henary M. Synthesis and Applications of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles as Antiviral Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:2700. [PMID: 35566055 PMCID: PMC9101374 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses have been a long-term source of infectious diseases that can lead to large-scale infections and massive deaths. Especially with the recent highly contagious coronavirus (COVID-19), antiviral drugs were developed nonstop to deal with the emergence of new viruses and subject to drug resistance. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles have compatible structures and properties with exceptional biological activity for the drug design of antiviral agents. They provided a broad spectrum of interference against viral infection at various stages, from blocking early viral entry to disrupting the viral genome replication process by targeting different enzymes and proteins of viruses. This review focused on the synthesis and application of antiviral agents derived from various nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as indole, pyrrole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, and quinoline, within the last ten years. The synthesized scaffolds target HIV, HCV/HBV, VZV/HSV, SARS-CoV, COVID-19, and influenza viruses.
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Farrag NS, Khater SI, Hassan FSM, Amin AM. Investigation for anticancer activity of the newly synthesized p-Methoxyphenyl maleanilic acid and the diagnostic property of its 99mTc-analogue. Int J Radiat Biol 2022;:1-14. [PMID: 35254964 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2047819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The limitations of the current chemotherapeutics are the main rational to develop and/or explore new anticancer agents and radiolabeled analogues for cancer early diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The newly synthesized p-methoxyphenyl maleanilic acid (MPMA) was prepared, characterized and investigated for its anticancer activity. MPMA screened in-vitro against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2), human colon carcinoma (HCT-116) and human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. Furthermore, the in-vivo screening was performed by radiolabeling of MPMA with technetium-99m (99mTc) and investigating its biological distribution in normal mice and solid tumor models. Moreover, MPMA and its radiolabeled analogue were docked to Y220C and Y220S mutants of p53 (p53Y220C and p53Y220S) in an effort to confirm their affinity to cancer as well as to investigate, virtually, the mechanism of action of MPMA. RESULTS The results revealed significant potency of MPMA against HepG-2 cell line (IC50 = 56.2 ± 1.5 µg/mL) if compared to HCT-116 (IC50 = 89.9 ± 1.8 µg/mL) and MCF-7 (IC50 = 104 ± 2.7 µg/mL) cell lines. The radiolabeling yield was optimized to be 90.2 ± 2.1%. The radiolabeled MPMA showed a good localization in the site of solid tumor (15.1 ± 1.6%ID/g) at 2 h post intravenous administration to the tumor bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the findings confirmed the potential anticancer activity of MPMA and the possible use of 99mTc-MPMA for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
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Pathania S, Rawal RK, Singh PK. RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase): A key target providing anti-virals for the management of various viral diseases. J Mol Struct 2022; 1250:131756. [PMID: 34690363 PMCID: PMC8520695 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
With the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic, anti-viral agents have regained center stage in the arena of medicine. Out of the various drug targets involved in managing RNA-viral infections, the one that dominates almost all RNA viruses is RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase). RdRp are proteins that are involved in the replication of RNA-based viruses. Inhibition of RdRps has been an integral approach for managing various viral infections such as dengue, influenza, HCV (Hepatitis), BVDV, etc. Inhibition of the coronavirus RdRp is currently rigorously explored for the treatment of Covid-19 related complications. So, keeping in view the importance and current relevance of this drug target, we have discussed the importance of RdRp in developing anti-viral agents against various viral diseases. Different reported inhibitors have also been discussed, and emphasis has been laid on highlighting the inhibitor's pharmacophoric features and SAR profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Pathania
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Ravindra K. Rawal
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-133207, Haryana, India,CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat-785006, Assam, India,Corresponding authors
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Faculty of Medicine, Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland,Corresponding authors
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Li Petri G, Spanò V, Spatola R, Holl R, Raimondi MV, Barraja P, Montalbano A. Bioactive pyrrole-based compounds with target selectivity. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112783. [PMID: 32916311 PMCID: PMC7455853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of novel synthetic compounds with drug-like properties is an ongoing challenge in medicinal chemistry. Natural products have inspired the synthesis of compounds for pharmaceutical application, most of which are based on N-heterocyclic motifs. Among these, the pyrrole ring is one of the most explored heterocycles in drug discovery programs for several therapeutic areas, confirmed by the high number of pyrrole-based drugs reaching the market. In the present review, we focused on pyrrole and its hetero-fused derivatives with anticancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities, reported in the literature between 2015 and 2019, for which a specific target was identified, being responsible for their biological activity. It emerges that the powerful pharmaceutical and pharmacological features provided by the pyrrole nucleus as pharmacophore unit of many drugs are still recognized by medicinal chemists. Pyrrole nucleus is one of the most explored heterocycle in drug discovery. Pyrrole derivatives exhibit antitumor, antimicrobial and antiviral activities. Targets involved in their biological activities were identified. SAR to underline their most important features were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Li Petri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Spatola
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ralph Holl
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Valeria Raimondi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Paola Barraja
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123, Palermo, Italy
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Mamedov VA, Khafizova EA, Algaeva NE, Latypov SK, Sinyashin OG. Acid-Catalyzed Multicomponent Rearrangements via 2-((Quinoxalin-3(4 H)-on-2-yl)(aryl)methylene)malononitriles, Generated In Situ, for Divergent Synthesis of Pyrroles with Different Substitution Patterns. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9887-9904. [PMID: 32588636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
New three-component domino reactions, providing divergent approaches to multifunctionalized pyrroles with different substitution patterns, have been established (47 examples). In this work, a new rearrangement of quinoxalinones with the participation of the in situ-generated 2-en-1-imine moiety of the substituent at C3 makes it possible to construct two new heterocyclic systems, namely, a benzimidazolone and a pyrrole, simultaneously under one-pot reaction conditions. The reaction is easy to perform simply by mixing three common reactants of acetic acid with heating. Secondary amines or primary alcohols as the third component of the reaction, along with quinoxalin-3(4H)-ones and malononitrile, not only initiate the rearrangement but also are responsible for the nature of substituents at position 5 of the pyrrole ring in the newly formed new biheterocyclic system. The reaction proceeds smoothly and can be finished within 7 h, which makes workup convenient to give up to 97% chemical yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vakhid A Mamedov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Elena A Khafizova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Nataliya E Algaeva
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Shamil K Latypov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg G Sinyashin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, RFC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russian Federation
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Khater SI, El-sharawy DM, El Refaye MS, Farrag NS. Optimization and tissue distribution of [125I]iododomperidone as a radiotracer for D2-receptor imaging. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020; 325:343-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kilic-Kurt Z, Bakar-Ates F, Aka Y, Kutuk O. Design, synthesis and in vitro apoptotic mechanism of novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2019; 83:511-9. [PMID: 30458413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work we described the synthesis and evaluation of cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives against A549, PC3 and MCF-7 cells. Among the synthesized compounds, 6b, 8a, 9a and 7a, 8b displayed the significant cytotoxic activities against A549 and PC3 cells with IC50 value of 0.35, 1.48, 1.56 and 1.04, 1.89 µM, respectively. It was found that A549 cells were more sensitive to synthesized compounds than PC3 and MCF-7 cells. In order to evaluate the mechanism of cytotoxic activity in A549, compounds 6b, 8a and 9a were selected for further studies. Annexin V binding assay and western blot analysis results revealed that 6b, 8a and 9a induced apoptosis in A549 cells by intrinsic apoptotic pathway through the activation pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bim, Bax, Bak, Puma and deactivation of anti-apoptotic proteins including Bcl-2, Mcl-1 and Bcl-XL accompanied by the activation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and cleavage of PARP. Also, compounds 6b, 8a and 9a triggered apoptosis in HCT116 wt cells via activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, but not in HCT116 Bax/Bak KO cells, indicating resistance to 6b, 8a and 9a treatment.
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Mohamed MS, Sayed AI, Khedr MA, Nofal S, Soror SH. Evaluation of novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as antiviral against gastroenteric viral infections. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 127:102-114. [PMID: 30366078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Viral gastroenteritis is a major global public-health threat. All age groups are susceptible for this infection, but its most serious consequences affect children. Rotavirus, Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus are the most common viruses that cause gastroenteritis. Herein, we synthesized novel pyrrole, pyrrolo[2,3‑d]pyrimidine and pyrrolo[3,2‑e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3‑c]pyrimidine derivatives. The non-toxic doses of these compounds were determined using BGM cell lines. We examined all the new compounds for their anti-viral activities against Rotavirus Wa strain and Coxsackievirus B4. Compounds 2a, 2d, 5a, 5c, 5d, 7b, 7j, 7n, 14b, 14c, 14e and 14f exhibited significant antiviral activity. We interpreted the action of these compounds using molecular docking against the homology models of viral polymerase enzymes of these viruses. RMSD value of 5d/Coxsackievirus was higher than the RMSD value for 5d/rotavirus and hence better as a stability parameter, which can be correlated to the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaad S Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira I Sayed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Khedr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahira Nofal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh H Soror
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt; Center for scientific excellence "Helwan Structural Biology Research (HSBR)", Cairo, Egypt..
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Motaleb MA, Ibrahim IT, Sarhan MO, Zaghary WA. Radioiodination and biological distribution of a new s-triazine derivative for tumor uptake evaluation. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:1058-1068. [PMID: 30193401 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A newly synthesized s-triazine derivative 1,1',1″-(((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl) tris (azanediyl)) tris (benzene-4,1-diyl))tris (ethan-1-one), (1), was synthesized as a part of an ongoing research for development of novel s-triazine-based radiopharmaceuticals. In-vitro cell viability assay against different human cancer cell lines showed very promising inhibitory activity of the synthesized compound. This finding encouraged the radioiodination of 1 to study the degree of its localization in tumor site for evaluating the possibility of its use as a tumor imaging agent. The biodistribution study showed good localization of the radioiodinated derivative 2 at tumor site following i.v. administration in solid tumor-bearing mice. Finally, in a trial to understand the mechanism of the anticancer effect exerted by 1, a target prediction study and a docking study were performed. The results of the first study showed that focal adhesion kinase is a possible target for compound 1 and the docking study confirmed successful binding of both compound 1 and its radioiodinated derivative 2 to the binding site of focal adhesion kinase. As a conclusion, the results of this study suggest that, compound 2 could be used as a potential agent for tumor imaging after preclinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Motaleb
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Laboratories Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ismail T Ibrahim
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Laboratories Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Bian University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mona O Sarhan
- Labeled Compounds Department, Hot Laboratories Centre, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wafaa A Zaghary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Romeo I, Marascio N, Pavia G, Talarico C, Costa G, Alcaro S, Artese A, Torti C, Liberto MC, Focà A. Structural Modeling of New Polymorphism Clusters of HCV Polymerase Isolated from Direct‐Acting Antiviral Naïve Patients: Focus on Dasabuvir and Setrobuvir Binding Affinity. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Romeo
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Nadia Marascio
- Department of Health SciencesInstitute of MicrobiologySchool of MedicineUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Grazia Pavia
- Department of Health SciencesInstitute of MicrobiologySchool of MedicineUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Carmine Talarico
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Carlo Torti
- Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUnit of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesSchool of MedicineUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy)
| | - Maria Carla Liberto
- Department of Health SciencesInstitute of MicrobiologySchool of MedicineUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
| | - Alfredo Focà
- Department of Health SciencesInstitute of MicrobiologySchool of MedicineUniversity “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Germaneto 88100 Catanzaro Italy
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Balasubramanian K, Patil VM. Quantum molecular modeling of hepatitis C virus inhibition through non-structural protein 5B polymerase receptor binding of C 5-arylidene rhodanines. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 73:147-158. [PMID: 29486389 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We have carried out high-level quantum chemical computations followed by molecular docking studies on a set of 17C5-arylidene rhodanine isomers to provide insights into the binding modes with different reported binding pockets of the nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) polymerase that contribute to the hepatitis C virus (HCV) inhibition. We optimized the multi-target profile of the selected rhodanine analogs to investigate potential non-nucleotide inhibitors (NNIs) by quantum chemical optimization of the 18 isomers followed by docking with quantum chemically optimized structures of each isomer with NS5B polymerase at multiple binding pockets. The binding affinities of the PP-I, PP-II and TP-II pockets of NS5B polymerase were analyzed for all the 17 isomers of 2-[(5Z)-5-(2,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-4-oxo-2-thioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]-3-phenylpropanoic acid. On the basis of binding propensity at the different pockets and inhibitor constants, we ranked these isomers as potential candidates for the HCV inhibition. We have identified four isomers as promising NNIs of NS5B polymerase with comparable binding and inhibition to the standard (1,3) dichloro substituted isomer that exhibits in vitro activity and several other isomers as candidates in a "multi-targeted drug" approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vaishali M Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Abstract
A multi-component synthesis of N-substituted 2-amino-3-cyano pyrroles from nitroepoxides, amines and malononitrile has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Nie
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
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Zhan XP, Lan L, Wang S, Zhao K, Xin YX, Qi Q, Wang YL, Mao ZM. Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of 3-(Substituted Aroyl)-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrole Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2017; 14. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Zhan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Lan Lan
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xuan Xin
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Qi Qi
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Yao-Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Min Mao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai Jiaotong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
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Sesmero E, Brown JA, Thorpe IF. Molecular simulations to delineate functional conformational transitions in the HCV polymerase. J Comput Chem 2016; 38:1125-1137. [PMID: 27859387 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global health concern for which there is no vaccine available. The HCV polymerase is responsible for the critical function of replicating the RNA genome of the virus. Transitions between at least two conformations (open and closed) are necessary to allow the enzyme to replicate RNA. In this study, molecular dynamic simulations were initiated from multiple crystal structures to understand the free energy landscape (FEL) explored by the enzyme as it interconverts between these conformations. Our studies reveal the location of distinct states within the FEL as well as the molecular interactions associated with these states. Specific hydrogen bonds appear to play a key role in modulating conformational transitions. This knowledge is essential to elucidate the role of these conformations in replication and may also be valuable in understanding the basis by which this enzyme is inhibited by small molecules. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Sesmero
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, 21250
| | - Jodian A Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, 21250
| | - Ian F Thorpe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, 21250
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