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Werle I, Nascimento LMM, Dos Santos ALA, Soares LA, Dos Santos RG, Hallak JEC, Bertoglio LJ. Ayahuasca-enhanced extinction of fear behaviour: Role of infralimbic cortex 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 1A receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:1671-1689. [PMID: 38320596 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ayahuasca (AYA) is a botanical psychedelic with promising results in observational and small clinical trials for depression, trauma and drug use disorders. Its psychoactive effects primarily stem from N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT). However, there is a lack of research on how and where AYA acts in the brain. This study addressed these questions by examining the extinction of aversive memories in AYA-treated rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We focused on the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, as DMT exhibits a high affinity for both of them, along with the infralimbic cortex in which activity and plasticity play crucial roles in regulating the mnemonic process under analysis. KEY RESULTS A single oral treatment with AYA containing 0.3 mg·kg-1 of DMT increased the within-session extinction of contextual freezing behaviour without affecting its recall. This protocol, when repeated twice on consecutive days, enhanced extinction recall. These effects were consistent for both 1- and 21-day-old memories in males and females. AYA effects on fear extinction were independent of changes in anxiety and general exploratory activity: AYA- and vehicle-treated animals showed no differences when tested in the elevated plus-maze. The 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL-11,939 and the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 infused into the infralimbic cortex respectively blocked within- and between-session fear extinction effects resulting from repeated oral administration of AYA. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings highlight complementary mechanisms by which AYA facilitates the behavioural suppression of aversive memories in the rat infralimbic cortex. These results suggest potential beneficial effects of AYA or DMT in stress-related disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Fear/drug effects
- Fear/physiology
- Male
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/metabolism
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/drug effects
- Extinction, Psychological/drug effects
- Rats
- Banisteriopsis/chemistry
- Hallucinogens/pharmacology
- Hallucinogens/administration & dosage
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Pyridines/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Werle
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Laura M M Nascimento
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Aymee L A Dos Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luciane A Soares
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael G Dos Santos
- Departamento de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology-Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- Departamento de Neurociências e Comportamento, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology-Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro J Bertoglio
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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2
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Mallaroni P, Mason NL, Kloft L, Reckweg JT, van Oorsouw K, Ramaekers JG. Cortical structural differences following repeated ayahuasca use hold molecular signatures. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1217079. [PMID: 37869513 PMCID: PMC10585114 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1217079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Serotonergic psychedelics such as ayahuasca are reported to promote both structural and functional neural plasticity via partial 5-HT2A agonism. However, little is known about how these molecular mechanisms may extend to repeated psychedelic administration in humans, let alone neuroanatomy. While early evidence suggests localised changes to cortical thickness in long-term ayahuasca users, it is unknown how such findings may be reflected by large-scale anatomical brain networks comprising cytoarchitecturally complex regions. Methods Here, we examined the relationship between cortical gene expression markers of psychedelic action and brain morphometric change following repeated ayahuasca usage, using high-field 7 Tesla neuroimaging data derived from 24 members of an ayahuasca-using church (Santo Daime) and case-matched controls. Results Using a morphometric similarity network (MSN) analysis, repeated ayahuasca use was associated with a spatially distributed cortical patterning of both structural differentiation in sensorimotor areas and de-differentiation in transmodal areas. Cortical MSN remodelling was found to be spatially correlated with dysregulation of 5-HT2A gene expression as well as a broader set of genes encoding target receptors pertinent to ayahuasca's effects. Furthermore, these associations were similarly interrelated with altered gene expression of specific transcriptional factors and immediate early genes previously identified in preclinical assays as relevant to psychedelic-induced neuroplasticity. Conclusion Taken together, these findings provide preliminary evidence that the molecular mechanisms of psychedelic action may scale up to a macroscale level of brain organisation in vivo. Closer attention to the role of cortical transcriptomics in structural-functional coupling may help account for the behavioural differences observed in experienced psychedelic users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Mallaroni
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Natasha L. Mason
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Lilian Kloft
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes T. Reckweg
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kim van Oorsouw
- Department of Forensic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Johannes G. Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Daldegan-Bueno D, Simionato NM, Favaro VM, Maia LO. The current state of ayahuasca research in animal models: A systematic review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110738. [PMID: 36863501 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The psychedelic brew ayahuasca is increasingly being investigated for its therapeutic potential. Animal models are essential to investigate the pharmacological effects of ayahuasca since they can control important factors influencing it, such as the set and setting. OBJECTIVE Review and summarise data available on ayahuasca research using animal models. METHODS We systematically searched five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS and PsycInfo) for peer-reviewed studies in English, Portuguese or Spanish published up to July 2022. The search strategy included ayahuasca- and animal model-related terms adapted from the SYRCLE search syntax. RESULTS We identified 32 studies investigating ayahuasca effects on toxicological, behavioural and (neuro)biological parameters in rodents, primates and zebrafish. Toxicological results show that ayahuasca is safe at ceremonial-based doses but toxic at high doses. Behavioural results indicate an antidepressant effect and a potential to reduce the reward effects of ethanol and amphetamines, while the anxiety-related outcomes are yet inconclusive; also, ayahuasca can influence locomotor activity, highlighting the importance of controlling the analysis for locomotion when using tasks depending on it. Neurobiological results show that ayahuasca affects brain structures involved in memory, emotion and learning and that other neuropathways, besides the serotonergic action, are important in modulating its effects. CONCLUSIONS Studies using animal models indicate that ayahuasca is toxicologically safe in ceremonial-comparable doses and indicates a therapeutic potential for depression and substance use disorder while not supporting an anxiolytic effect. Essential gaps in the ayahuasca field can still be sufficed using animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Daldegan-Bueno
- Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health and Addiction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Vanessa Manchim Favaro
- Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Oliveira Maia
- Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Center for Studies in Palliative Care (CIECP), School of Nursing, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas, Brazil
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Molecular Pathways of the Therapeutic Effects of Ayahuasca, a Botanical Psychedelic and Potential Rapid-Acting Antidepressant. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12111618. [DOI: 10.3390/biom12111618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew traditionally used in indigenous and religious rituals and ceremonies in South America for its therapeutic, psychedelic, and entheogenic effects. It is usually prepared by lengthy boiling of the leaves of the bush Psychotria viridis and the mashed stalks of the vine Banisteriopsis caapi in water. The former contains the classical psychedelic N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), which is thought to be the main psychoactive alkaloid present in the brew. The latter serves as a source for β-carbolines, known for their monoamine oxidase-inhibiting (MAOI) properties. Recent preliminary research has provided encouraging results investigating ayahuasca’s therapeutic potential, especially regarding its antidepressant effects. On a molecular level, pre-clinical and clinical evidence points to a complex pharmacological profile conveyed by the brew, including modulation of serotoninergic, glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and endocannabinoid systems. Its substances also interact with the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1), and sigma-1 receptors. Furthermore, ayahuasca’s components also seem to modulate levels of inflammatory and neurotrophic factors beneficially. On a biological level, this translates into neuroprotective and neuroplastic effects. Here we review the current knowledge regarding these molecular interactions and how they relate to the possible antidepressant effects ayahuasca seems to produce.
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James E, Keppler J, L Robertshaw T, Sessa B. N,N-dimethyltryptamine and Amazonian ayahuasca plant medicine. Hum Psychopharmacol 2022; 37:e2835. [PMID: 35175662 PMCID: PMC9286861 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reports have indicated possible uses of ayahuasca for the treatment of conditions including depression, addictions, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and specific psychoneuroendocrine immune system pathologies. The article assesses potential ayahuasca and N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) integration with contemporary healthcare. The review also seeks to provide a summary of selected literature regarding the mechanisms of action of DMT and ayahuasca; and assess to what extent the state of research can explain reports of unusual phenomenology. DESIGN A narrative review. RESULTS Compounds in ayahuasca have been found to bind to serotonergic receptors, glutaminergic receptors, sigma-1 receptors, trace amine-associated receptors, and modulate BDNF expression and the dopaminergic system. Subjective effects are associated with increased delta and theta oscillations in amygdala and hippocampal regions, decreased alpha wave activity in the default mode network, and stimulations of vision-related brain regions particularly in the visual association cortex. Both biological processes and field of consciousness models have been proposed to explain subjective effects of DMT and ayahuasca, however, the evidence supporting the proposed models is not sufficient to make confident conclusions. Ayahuasca plant medicine and DMT represent potentially novel treatment modalities. CONCLUSIONS Further research is required to clarify the mechanisms of action and develop treatments which can be made available to the general public. Integration between healthcare research institutions and reputable practitioners in the Amazon is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward James
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
| | | | | | - Ben Sessa
- Centre for NeuropsychopharmacologyDivision of Brain SciencesFaculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK
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A review of synthetic bioactive tetrahydro-β-carbolines: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113815. [PMID: 34479038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydro-β-carboline (THβC) scaffold is widespread in many natural products (NPs) and synthetic compounds which show a variety of pharmacological activities. In this article, we reviewed the design, structures and biological characteristics of reported synthetic THβC compounds, and structure and activity relationship (SAR) of them were also discussed. This work might provide a reference for subsequent drug development based on THβC.
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A convenient synthesis of β-carbolines by iron-catalyzed aerobic decarboxylative/dehydrogenative aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines under air. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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8
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Beato A, Gori A, Boucherle B, Peuchmaur M, Haudecoeur R. β-Carboline as a Privileged Scaffold for Multitarget Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1392-1422. [PMID: 33528252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The natural β-carboline alkaloids display similarities with neurotransmitters that can be favorably exploited to design bioactive and bioavailable drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy. Several AD targets are currently and intensively being investigated, divided in different hypotheses: mainly the cholinergic, the amyloid β (Aβ), and the Tau hypotheses. To date, only symptomatic treatments are available involving acetylcholinesterase and NMDA inhibitors. On the basis of plethoric single-target structure-activity relationship studies, the β-carboline scaffold was identified as a powerful tool for fostering activity and molecular interactions with a wide range of AD-related targets. This knowledge can undoubtedly be used to design multitarget-directed ligands, a highly relevant strategy preferred in the context of multifactorial pathology with intricate etiology such as AD. In this review, we first individually discuss the AD targets of the β-carbolines, and then we focus on the multitarget strategies dedicated to the deliberate design of new efficient scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthonin Gori
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DPM, 38000 Grenoble, France.,CHANEL Parfums Beauté, F-93500 Pantin, France
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9
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Mosaffa S, Ahmadi H, Khakpai F, Ebrahimi-Ghiri M, Zarrindast MR. Synergistic antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of harmaline along with cinanserin in acute restraint stress-treated mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:259-269. [PMID: 33190164 PMCID: PMC7666640 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05679-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Acute restraint stress (ARS) is an experimental paradigm used for the induction of rodent models of stress-produced neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety. β-carbolines and serotonin (5-HT) systems are involved in the modulation of depression and anxiety behaviors. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of cinanserin (5-HT2 receptor antagonist) on harmaline-induced responses on depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in the ARS mice. METHODS For i.c.v. infusion, guide cannula was surgically implanted in the left lateral ventricle of mice. The ARS model was conducted via movement restraint at a period of 4 h. Depression- and anxiety-related behaviors were evaluated by forced swim test (FST) and elevated plus maze (EPM), respectively. RESULTS The results displayed that the ARS mice showed depressive- and anxiety-like responses. I.p. administration of different doses of harmaline (0.31, 0.625 and 1.25 mg/kg) or i.c.v. microinjection of cinanserin (1, 2.5, and 5 μg/mouse) blocked depression- and anxiogenic-like behaviors in the ARS mice. Furthermore, co-administration of harmaline (1.25 mg/kg; i.p.) and cinanserin (5 μg/mouse; i.c.v.) prevented the depression- and anxiogenic-like effects in the ARS mice. We found a synergistic antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of harmaline and cinanserin in the ARS mice. CONCLUSIONS These results propose an interaction between harmaline and cinanserin to prevent depressive- and anxiogenic-like behaviors in the ARS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Mosaffa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran. .,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ruffell S, Netzband N, Bird C, Young AH, Juruena MF. The pharmacological interaction of compounds in ayahuasca: a systematic review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2020; 42:646-656. [PMID: 32638916 PMCID: PMC7678905 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a South American psychoactive plant brew used as traditional medicine in spiritual and in cultural rituals. This is a review of the current understanding about the pharmacological mechanisms that may be interacting in ayahuasca. Searches were performed using PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases and 16 papers were selected. As hypothesized, the primary narrative in existing research revolved around prevention of deamination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (N,N-DMT, also referred to as DMT) by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in ayahuasca. Two of the constituents, DMT and harmine, have been studied more than the secondary harmala alkaloids. At present, it is unclear whether the pharmacological interactions in ayahuasca act synergistically or additively to produce psychoactive drug effects. The included studies suggest that our current understanding of the preparation's synergistic mechanisms is limited and that more complex processes may be involved; there is not yet enough data to determine any potential synergistic interaction between the known compounds in ayahuasca. Our pharmacological understanding of its compounds must be increased to avoid the potential risks of ayahuasca use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ruffell
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Correspondence: Mario F. Juruena, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Room M3.24, PO72 De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail:
| | - Nige Netzband
- University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
- Correspondence: Mario F. Juruena, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Room M3.24, PO72 De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail:
| | - Catherine Bird
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Allan H. Young
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Mario F. Juruena
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Correspondence: Mario F. Juruena, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Room M3.24, PO72 De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail:
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Zhu C, Liu N, Tian M, Ma L, Yang J, Lan X, Ma H, Niu J, Yu J. Effects of alkaloids on peripheral neuropathic pain: a review. Chin Med 2020; 15:106. [PMID: 33024448 PMCID: PMC7532100 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating pathological pain condition with a great therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. Currently used analgesics produce deleterious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate alternative medicines for neuropathic pain. Chinese herbal medicines have been widely used in treating intractable pain. Compelling evidence revealed that the bioactive alkaloids of Chinese herbal medicines stand out in developing novel drugs for neuropathic pain due to multiple targets and satisfactory efficacy. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the research of analgesic effects of 20 alkaloids components for peripheral neuropathic pain and highlight the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. We also point out the opportunities and challenges of the current studies and shed light on further in-depth pharmacological and toxicological studies of these bioactive alkaloids. In conclusion, the alkaloids hold broad prospects and have the potentials to be novel drugs for treating neuropathic pain. This review provides a theoretical basis for further applying some alkaloids in clinical trials and developing new drugs of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Lin Ma
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jiamei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Xiaobing Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Hanxiang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, No. 804 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jianguo Niu
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, No. 692 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
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Giovannetti C, Garcia Arce S, Rush B, Mendive F. Pilot Evaluation of a Residential Drug Addiction Treatment Combining Traditional Amazonian Medicine, Ayahuasca and Psychotherapy on Depression and Anxiety. J Psychoactive Drugs 2020; 52:472-481. [DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2020.1789247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Giovannetti
- Institute for Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara Garcia Arce
- Takiwasi Center for Rehabilitation of Drug Addicts and Research on Traditional Medicine, Tarapoto, Peru
| | - Brian Rush
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Departments of Psychiatry and Public Health Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fernando Mendive
- Takiwasi Center for Rehabilitation of Drug Addicts and Research on Traditional Medicine, Tarapoto, Peru
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13
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Müller TE, Fontana BD, Bertoncello KT, Franscescon F, Mezzomo NJ, Canzian J, Stefanello FV, Parker MO, Gerlai R, Rosemberg DB. Understanding the neurobiological effects of drug abuse: Lessons from zebrafish models. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 100:109873. [PMID: 31981718 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse and brain disorders related to drug comsumption are public health problems with harmful individual and social consequences. The identification of therapeutic targets and precise pharmacological treatments to these neuropsychiatric conditions associated with drug abuse are urgently needed. Understanding the link between neurobiological mechanisms and behavior is a key aspect of elucidating drug abuse-related targets. Due to various molecular, biochemical, pharmacological, and physiological features, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been considered a suitable vertebrate for modeling complex processes involved in drug abuse responses. In this review, we discuss how the zebrafish has been successfully used for modeling neurobehavioral phenotypes related to drug abuse and review the effects of opioids, cannabinoids, alcohol, nicotine, and psychedelic drugs on the central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, we summarize recent advances in zebrafish-based studies and outline potential advantages and limitations of the existing zebrafish models to explore the neurochemical bases of drug abuse and addiction. Finally, we discuss how the use of zebrafish models may present fruitful approaches to provide valuable clinically translatable data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talise E Müller
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Barbara D Fontana
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Old St Michael's Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Kanandra T Bertoncello
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Francini Franscescon
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Nathana J Mezzomo
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Canzian
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Flavia V Stefanello
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Matthew O Parker
- Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Old St Michael's Building, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Canada; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Denis B Rosemberg
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil; The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), 309 Palmer Court, Slidell, LA 70458, USA.
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14
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Zhao F, Tang Q, Xu J, Wang S, Li S, Zou X, Cao Z. Dehydrocrenatidine Inhibits Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels and Ameliorates Mechanic Allodia in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11040229. [PMID: 31003411 PMCID: PMC6521113 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn, a medical plant, is used in clinic to treat inflammation, pain, sore throat, and eczema. The alkaloids are the main active components in P. quassioides. In this study, we examined the analgesic effect of dehydrocrenatidine (DHCT), a β-carboline alkaloid abundantly found in P. quassioides in a neuropathic pain rat model of a sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury. DHCT dose-dependently attenuated the mechanic allodynia. In acutely isolated dorsal root ganglion, DHCT completely suppressed the action potential firing. Further electrophysiological characterization demonstrated that DHCT suppressed both tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) and sensitive (TTX-S) voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) currents with IC50 values of 12.36 μM and 4.87 µM, respectively. DHCT shifted half-maximal voltage (V1/2) of inactivation to hyperpolarizing direction by ~16.7 mV in TTX-S VGSCs. In TTX-R VGSCs, DHCT shifted V1/2 of inactivation voltage to hyperpolarizing direction and V1/2 of activation voltage to more depolarizing potential by ~23.9 mV and ~12.2 mV, respectively. DHCT preferred to interact with an inactivated state of VGSCs and prolonged the repriming time in both TTX-S and TTX-R VGSCs, transiting the channels into a slow inactivated state from a fast inactivated state. Considered together, these data demonstrated that the analgesic effect of DHCT was likely though the inhibition of neuronal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Qinglian Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Shuangyan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Shaoheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Xiaohan Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Zhengyu Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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15
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Reddy POV, Shekar KPC, Khandagale SB, Hara D, Son A, Ito T, Tanabe K, Kumar D. Easy Access to Water-Soluble Cationic Porphyrin- β
-Carboline Conjugates as Potent Photocytotoxic and DNA Cleaving Agents. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. P. Chandra Shekar
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Santosh B. Khandagale
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Daiki Hara
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Aoi Son
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Takeo Ito
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry; Kyoto University; Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tanabe
- College of Science and Engineering; Aoyama Gakuin University; Sagamihara 252-5258 Japan
| | - Dalip Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science; Pilani- 333031 Rajasthan India
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16
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Lobao-Soares B, Eduardo-da-Silva P, Amarilha H, Pinheiro-da-Silva J, Silva PF, Luchiari AC. It's Tea Time: Interference of Ayahuasca Brew on Discriminative Learning in Zebrafish. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:190. [PMID: 30210319 PMCID: PMC6119691 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew traditionally used in shamanistic and vegetalistic rituals and has recently received lot of attention due to potential cognitive benefits. Ayahuasca effects are caused by the synergistic interaction of β-carbolines (harmine, harmaline and tetrahydroarmine) contained in Banisteriopsis caapi stalks combined with the N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) from Psychotria viridis leaves, a potent agonist to serotonin (5-HT) receptors. The present study approaches the effects of chronic and acute exposure to two Ayahuasca concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 ml/L) on the cognitive ability to discriminate objects in a one-trial learning task in zebrafish. Based on the combination of concentrations and exposure regimens, we divided adult zebrafish in five treatment groups: acute 0.1 and 0.5 ml/L, chronic 0.1 and 0.5 ml/L, and control 0.0 (n = 20 for each group). Then we tested them in a memory task of object discrimination. Acute Ayahuasca exposed groups performed similarly to the control group, however chronically treated fish (13 days) presented both impaired discriminative performance and locomotor alterations. Overall, these results indicate that Ayahuasca is a potent psychoactive drug that, in chronic exposure, negatively affects mnemonic parameters in zebrafish. In single exposure it does not affects cognitive performance, but the higher concentration (0.5) affected locomotion. Moreover, we reinforce the importance of the zebrafish for behavioral pharmacological studies of drug screening, in special to psychedelic drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lobao-Soares
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Paulianny Eduardo-da-Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Hugo Amarilha
- Departamento de Biofísica e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila F. Silva
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Luchiari
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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17
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Mangiatordi GF, Guzzo T, Rossano EC, Trisciuzzi D, Alberga D, Fasciglione G, Coletta M, Topai A, Nicolotti O. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Tetrahydro-β-carboline Derivatives as Selective Sub-Nanomolar Gelatinase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1343-1352. [PMID: 29893479 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Targeting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a pursued strategy for treating several pathological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and cancer. Herein, a series of novel tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives with outstanding inhibitory activity toward MMPs are present. In particular, compounds 9 f, 9 g, 9 h and 9 i show sub-nanomolar IC50 values. Interestingly, compounds 9 g and 9 i also provide remarkable selectivity toward gelatinases; IC50 =0.15 nm for both toward MMP-2 and IC50 =0.63 and 0.58 nm, respectively, toward MMP-9. Molecular docking simulations, performed by employing quantum mechanics based partial charges, shed light on the rationale behind binding involving specific interactions with key residues of S1' and S3' domains. Taken together, these studies indicate that tetrahydro-β-carboline represents a promising scaffold for the design of novel inhibitors able to target MMPs and selectively bias gelatinases, over the desirable range of the pharmacokinetics spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Felice Mangiatordi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.,Istituto Tumori IRCCS Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Tatiana Guzzo
- C4T S.r.l Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology, Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, Ed. PP2-Macroarea Scienze, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Claudio Rossano
- C4T S.r.l Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology, Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, Ed. PP2-Macroarea Scienze, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Trisciuzzi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Alberga
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fasciglione
- Dipartimento di Scienze cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Topai
- C4T S.r.l Colosseum Combinatorial Chemistry Centre for Technology, Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, Ed. PP2-Macroarea Scienze, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
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18
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Galvão ACDM, de Almeida RN, Silva EADS, Freire FAM, Palhano-Fontes F, Onias H, Arcoverde E, Maia-de-Oliveira JP, de Araújo DB, Lobão-Soares B, Galvão-Coelho NL. Cortisol Modulation by Ayahuasca in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression and Healthy Controls. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:185. [PMID: 29867608 PMCID: PMC5952178 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder, affecting about 350 million people, and around 30% of the patients are resistant to currently available antidepressant medications. Recent evidence from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) supports the rapid antidepressant effects of the psychedelic ayahuasca in treatment-resistant depression. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of ayahuasca on plasma cortisol and awakening salivary cortisol response, in the same group of treatment-resistant patients (MD) and in healthy volunteers (C). Subjects received a single dose of ayahuasca or placebo (dosing session), and both plasma and awakening salivary cortisol response were measured at baseline (before dosing session) and 48 h after the dosing session. Baseline assessment (D0) showed blunted awakening salivary cortisol response and hypocortisolemia in patients, with respect to healthy controls. Salivary cortisol was also measured during dosing session, and we observed higher increases for both C and MD that ingested ayahuasca than placebo. After 48 h from the dosing session with ayahuasca, patients' awakening salivary cortisol response is similar to the ones detected in controls. No significant changes in plasma cortisol levels were observed 48 h after the sessions. Therefore, these findings point to new evidence on the modulation of salivary cortisol levels as a result of an ayahuasca session, both in healthy and depressive volunteers. Considering that cortisol acts in regulation of distinct physiological pathways, emotional and cognitive processes, it is assumed to be critically involved to the etiology of depression and its regulation seems to be important for the treatment and remission of major depression, ayahuasca use as antidepressant should be further investigated. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of psychedelics in the treatment of human mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C de Menezes Galvão
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Raíssa N de Almeida
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Erick A Dos Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Fúlvio A M Freire
- Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Palhano-Fontes
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Onias
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Emerson Arcoverde
- Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - João P Maia-de-Oliveira
- Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Translational Medicine, Natal, Brazil
| | - Dráulio B de Araújo
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Bruno Lobão-Soares
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Translational Medicine, Natal, Brazil.,Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Nicole L Galvão-Coelho
- Laboratory of Hormone Measurement, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Psychobiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Translational Medicine, Natal, Brazil
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19
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Manasa KL, Tangella Y, Ramu G, Nagendra Babu B. TCCA; A Mild Reagent for Decarboxylative/Dehydrogenative Aromatization of Tetrahydro-β-
carbolines: Utility in the Total Synthesis of Norharmane, Harmane, Eudistomin U, I and N. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kesari Lakshmi Manasa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Hyderabad- 500 037 India
| | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
| | - Gopathi Ramu
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
| | - Bathini Nagendra Babu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Hyderabad- 500 037 India
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
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20
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Dos Santos RG, Osório FL, Crippa JAS, Hallak JEC. Antidepressive and anxiolytic effects of ayahuasca: a systematic literature review of animal and human studies. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2017; 38:65-72. [PMID: 27111702 PMCID: PMC7115465 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic literature review of animal and human studies reporting anxiolytic or antidepressive effects of ayahuasca or some of its isolated alkaloids (dimethyltryptamine, harmine, tetrahydroharmine, and harmaline). METHODS Papers published until 3 April 2015 were retrieved from the PubMed, LILACS and SciELO databases following a comprehensive search strategy and using a predetermined set of criteria for article selection. RESULTS Five hundred and fourteen studies were identified, of which 21 met the established criteria. Studies in animals have shown anxiolytic and antidepressive effects of ayahuasca, harmine, and harmaline, and experimental studies in humans and mental health assessments of experienced ayahuasca consumers also suggest that ayahuasca is associated with reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms. A pilot study reported rapid antidepressive effects of a single ayahuasca dose in six patients with recurrent depression. CONCLUSION Considering the need for new drugs that produce fewer adverse effects and are more effective in reducing anxiety and depression symptomatology, the described effects of ayahuasca and its alkaloids should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael G Dos Santos
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávia L Osório
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jaime E C Hallak
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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21
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Meesala R, Arshad ASM, Mordi MN, Mansor SM. Iodine-catalyzed one-pot decarboxylative aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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22
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Development of a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to characterize the thermoregulatory effects of serotonergic drugs in mice. Acta Pharm Sin B 2016; 6:492-503. [PMID: 27709018 PMCID: PMC5045556 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown recently that concurrent harmaline, a monoamine oxidase-A inhibitor (MAOI), potentiates serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonist 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT)-induced hyperthermia. The objective of this study was to develop an integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to characterize and predict the thermoregulatory effects of such serotonergic drugs in mice. Physiological thermoregulation was described by a mechanism-based indirect-response model with adaptive feedback control. Harmaline-induced hypothermia and 5-MeO-DMT–elicited hyperthermia were attributable to the loss of heat through the activation of 5-HT1A receptor and thermogenesis via the stimulation of 5-HT2A receptor, respectively. Thus serotonergic 5-MeO-DMT–induced hyperthermia was readily distinguished from handling/injection stress-provoked hyperthermic effects. This PK/PD model was able to simultaneously describe all experimental data including the impact of drug-metabolizing enzyme status on 5-MeO-DMT and harmaline PK properties, and drug- and stress-induced simple hypo/hyperthermic and complex biphasic effects. Furthermore, the modeling results revealed a 4-fold decrease of apparent SC50 value (1.88–0.496 µmol/L) for 5-MeO-DMT when harmaline was co-administered, providing a quantitative assessment for the impact of concurrent MAOI harmaline on 5-MeO-DMT–induced hyperthermia. In addition, the hyperpyrexia caused by toxic dose combinations of harmaline and 5-MeO-DMT were linked to the increased systemic exposure to harmaline rather than 5-MeO-DMT, although the body temperature profiles were mispredicted by the model. The results indicate that current PK/PD model may be used as a new conceptual framework to define the impact of serotonergic agents and stress factors on thermoregulation.
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23
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Varelas JG, Khanal S, O’Donnell MA, Mulcahy SP. Concise Synthesis of Annulated Pyrido[3,4-b]indoles via Rh(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization. Org Lett 2015; 17:5512-4. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G. Varelas
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Providence College, 1 Cunningham Square, Providence, Rhode Island 02918, United States
| | - Satyam Khanal
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Providence College, 1 Cunningham Square, Providence, Rhode Island 02918, United States
| | - Michael A. O’Donnell
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Providence College, 1 Cunningham Square, Providence, Rhode Island 02918, United States
| | - Seann P. Mulcahy
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Providence College, 1 Cunningham Square, Providence, Rhode Island 02918, United States
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24
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Schenberg EE, Alexandre JFM, Filev R, Cravo AM, Sato JR, Muthukumaraswamy SD, Yonamine M, Waguespack M, Lomnicka I, Barker SA, da Silveira DX. Acute Biphasic Effects of Ayahuasca. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137202. [PMID: 26421727 PMCID: PMC4589238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ritual use of ayahuasca, an amazonian Amerindian medicine turned sacrament in syncretic religions in Brazil, is rapidly growing around the world. Because of this internationalization, a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms of action of the brew and the neural correlates of the modified states of consciousness it induces is important. Employing a combination of electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings and quantification of ayahuasca's compounds and their metabolites in the systemic circulation we found ayahuasca to induce a biphasic effect in the brain. This effect was composed of reduced power in the alpha band (8-13 Hz) after 50 minutes from ingestion of the brew and increased slow- and fast-gamma power (30-50 and 50-100 Hz, respectively) between 75 and 125 minutes. Alpha power reductions were mostly located at left parieto-occipital cortex, slow-gamma power increase was observed at left centro-parieto-occipital, left fronto-temporal and right frontal cortices while fast-gamma increases were significant at left centro-parieto-occipital, left fronto-temporal, right frontal and right parieto-occipital cortices. These effects were significantly associated with circulating levels of ayahuasca's chemical compounds, mostly N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), harmine, harmaline and tetrahydroharmine and some of their metabolites. An interpretation based on a cognitive and emotional framework relevant to the ritual use of ayahuasca, as well as it's potential therapeutic effects is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Filev
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andre Mascioli Cravo
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Maurício Yonamine
- Departamento de Análises Clinicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marian Waguespack
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Izabela Lomnicka
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Steven A. Barker
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
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25
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Kamal A, Tangella Y, Manasa KL, Sathish M, Srinivasulu V, Chetna J, Alarifi A. PhI(OAc)2-mediated one-pot oxidative decarboxylation and aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines: synthesis of norharmane, harmane, eudistomin U and eudistomin I. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8652-62. [PMID: 26099113 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00871a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iodobenzene diacetate was employed as a mild and efficient reagent for one-pot oxidative decarboxylation of tetrahydro-β-carboline acids and dehydrogenation of tetrahydro-β-carbolines to access the corresponding aromatic β-carbolines. To the best of our knowledge this is the first synthesis of β-carbolines via a one-pot oxidative decarboxylation at ambient temperature. The utility of this protocol has been demonstrated in the synthesis of β-carboline alkaloids norharmane (2o), harmane (2p), eudistomin U (9) and eudistomin I (12).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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26
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Kamal A, Sathish M, Prasanthi AVG, Chetna J, Tangella Y, Srinivasulu V, Shankaraiah N, Alarifi A. An efficient one-pot decarboxylative aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines by using N-chlorosuccinimide: total synthesis of norharmane, harmane and eudistomins. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild one-pot synthesis of β-carbolines from their tetrahydro-β-carboline acids has been developed via decorboxylative aromatization using N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
| | - Manda Sathish
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - A. V. G. Prasanthi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500 037
- India
| | - Jadala Chetna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500 037
- India
| | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500 037
- India
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Catalytic Chemistry Research Chair
- Chemistry Department
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
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27
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3D-QSAR and Docking Studies of a Series ofβ-Carboline Derivatives as Antitumor Agents of PLK1. J CHEM-NY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/323149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An alignment-free, three dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) analysis has been performed on a series ofβ-carboline derivatives as potent antitumor agents toward HepG2 human tumor cell lines. A highly descriptive and predictive 3D-QSAR model was obtained through the calculation of alignment-independent descriptors (GRIND descriptors) using ALMOND software. For a training set of 30 compounds, PLS analyses result in a three-component model which displays a squared correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.957 and a standard deviation of the error of calculation (SDEC) of 0.116. Validation of this model was performed using leave-one-out,q2looof 0.85, and leave-multiple-out. This model gives a remarkably highr2pred(0.66) for a test set of 10 compounds. Docking studies were performed to investigate the mode of interaction betweenβ-carboline derivatives and the active site of the most probable anticancer receptor, polo-like kinase protein.
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28
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Malhotra R, Ghosh R, Dey TK, Chakrabarti S, Ghosh A, Dutta S, Asijaa S, Roy S, Dutta S, Basu S, Hajra S. Conjugate Addition of Indoles and Pyrroles to Dihydronitronaphthalenes in Water: Synthesis of 3,4-Fused Tetrahydro-β-carbolines. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Brierley DI, Davidson C. Developments in harmine pharmacology--implications for ayahuasca use and drug-dependence treatment. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 39:263-72. [PMID: 22691716 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a hallucinogenic botanical mixture originating in the Amazon area where it is used ritually, but is now being taken globally. The 2 main constituents of ayahuasca are N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a hallucinogen, and harmine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) which attenuates the breakdown of DMT, which would otherwise be broken down very quickly after oral consumption. Recent developments in ayahuasca use include the sale of these compounds on the internet and the substitution of related botanical (anahuasca) or synthetic (pharmahuasca) compounds to achieve the same desired hallucinogenic effects. One intriguing result of ayahuasca use appears to be improved mental health and a reduction in recidivism to alternate (alcohol, cocaine) drug use. In this review we discuss the pharmacology of ayahuasca, with a focus on harmine, and suggest pharmacological mechanisms for the putative reduction in recidivism to alcohol and cocaine misuse. These pharmacological mechanisms include MAOI, effects at 5-HT(2A) and imidazoline receptors and inhibition of dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) and the dopamine transporter. We also speculate on the therapeutic potential of harmine in other CNS conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Brierley
- Pharmacology & Cell Physiology, Division of Biomedical Science, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, United Kingdom
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30
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Wang Y, Jin Q, Lin G, Yang T, Wang Z, Lu Y, Tang Y, Liu L, Lu T. Synthesis and Structure of the β-Carboline Derivatives and Their Binding Intensity with Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2012; 60:435-41. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.60.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, College of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Qiaomei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Guowu Lin
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Taotao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Zhanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yimin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Lifang Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, College of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Tao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, College of Basic Science, China Pharmaceutical University
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31
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Li C, Zhang X, Zhao M, Wang Y, Wu J, Liu J, Zheng M, Peng S. A class of novel N-(1-methyl-β-carboline-3-carbonyl)-N′-(aminoacid-acyl)-hydrazines: Aromatization leaded design, synthesis, in vitro anti-platelet aggregation/in vivo anti-thrombotic evaluation and 3D QSAR analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5598-608. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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32
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Yao K, Zhao M, Zhang X, Wang Y, Li L, Zheng M, Peng S. A class of oral N-[(1S,3S)-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carbonyl]- N′-(amino-acid-acyl)hydrazine: Discovery, synthesis, in vitro anti-platelet aggregation/in vivo anti-thrombotic evaluation and 3D QSAR analysis. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:3237-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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33
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Chen Z, Cao R, Yu L, Shi B, Sun J, Guo L, Ma Q, Yi W, Song X, Song H. Synthesis, cytotoxic activities and DNA binding properties of β-carboline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:4740-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Liu J, Jiang X, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zheng M, Peng L, Peng S. A class of 3S-2-aminoacyltetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acids: their facile synthesis, inhibition for platelet activation, and high in vivo anti-thrombotic potency. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3106-16. [PMID: 20329729 DOI: 10.1021/jm901816j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
3S-Tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (TCCA) effectively inhibits ADP-induced platelet activation. This paper used TCCA as a lead, modified its 2-position with amino acids, and provided 20 novel 3S-2-aminoacyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acids (5a-t). With the in vitro assay, it was demonstrated that this modification diminished the IC(50) values from 701 nM of TCCA to 10 nM of 5a-t. With the in vivo assay, it was demonstrated that this modification reduced the efficacious dose from 5.0 micromol/kg of TCCA to 0.1 micromol/kg of 5a-t. Comparing the Cerius based conformation of them with that of their analogues, the 3-position modified TCCA, it was suggested that the comparatively unfolded conformation was one of the important factors of enhancing the in vivo antithrombotic potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawang Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
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35
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Farias FM, Passos CS, Arbo MD, Zuanazzi JAS, Steffen VM, Henriques AT. Monoamine levels in rat striatum after acute intraperitoneal injection of strictosidinic acid isolated from Psychotria myriantha Mull. Arg. (Rubiaceae). PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:289-291. [PMID: 19576739 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Revised: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Strictosidinic acid 10mg/kg, isolated from Psychotria myriantha leaves, were administered intraperitoneally to Wistar male rats (n=5-6). After 60 minutes, striatum was dissected, homogenized and injected onto HPLC-ED chromatographic system. It was observed a 28.7% reduction in the 5-HT levels followed up by an increase of 5-HIAA levels (29.4%). Furthermore there was a decrease of 8.0% in DA levels and an increase in the levels of metabolites DOPAC (21.5%) and HVA (52.5%). The results indicate that strictosidinic acid has a promising effect in the central nervous system, justifying more studies about the central actions of Psychotria compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Ipiranga, 2752, CEP 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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36
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Cao R, Guan X, Shi B, Chen Z, Ren Z, Peng W, Song H. Design, synthesis and 3D-QSAR of beta-carboline derivatives as potent antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:2503-15. [PMID: 20304536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2009] [Revised: 02/13/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In a continuing effort to develop novel beta-carbolines endowed with better pharmacological profiles, a series of beta-carboline derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the previously developed SARs. Cytotoxicities in vitro of these compounds against a panel of human tumor cell lines were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the N2-benzylated beta-carbolinium bromides 56-60 represented the most potent compounds with IC50 values lower than 10 microM. The application of 3D-QSAR to these compounds explored the structural basis for their biological activities. CoMFA (q2=0.513, r2=0.862) and CoMSIA (q2=0.503, r2=0.831) models were developed for a set of 47 beta-carbolines. The results indicated that the antitumor pharmacophore of these molecules were marked at position-1, -2, -3, -7 and -9 of beta-carboline ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihui Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xin Gang West Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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37
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Chen Z, Cao R, Shi B, Yi W, Yu L, Song H, Ren Z. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel .BETA.-Carbolines as Potent Cytotoxic and DNA Intercalating Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:901-7. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Rihui Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Buxi Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Wei Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
- Departement de Pharmacochimie Moleculaire, UMR-CNRS 5063, Faculte de Pharmacie de Grenoble
| | - Liang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Huacan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Zhenhua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University
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38
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Cao R, Yi W, Wu Q, Guan X, Feng M, Ma C, Chen Z, Song H, Peng W. Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of 1-benzylidine substituted beta-carboline derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6558-61. [PMID: 18952426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2008] [Revised: 09/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new beta-carboline derivatives, bearing a benzylidine substituent at position-1, has been prepared and evaluated in vitro against a panel of human cell lines. The N(2)-benzylated beta-carbolinium bromates represented the most interesting cytotoxic activities. In particular, compounds 19 were found to be the most potent compounds with IC(50) values lower than 5 microM against 10 strains human tumor cell lines. These results confirmed that the N(2)-benzyl substituent on the beta-carboline ring played an important role in the modulation of the cytotoxic activities and suggested that further development of such compounds may be interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihui Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, 135 Xin Gang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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39
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Monsef-Esf HR, Faramarzi MA, Mortezaee V, Amini M, Rouini MR. Determination of Harmine and Harmaline in Peganum harmala Seeds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2008.1761.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Wu Q, Cao R, Feng M, Guan X, Ma C, Liu J, Song H, Peng W. Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic evaluation of novel 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl substituted beta-carboline derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 44:533-40. [PMID: 18462839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2008] [Revised: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate further our SARs' study on the chemistry and cytotoxic activity and probe the structural requirement for the potent antitumor activity of beta-carbolines, a series of novel 1,9-disubstituted and 1,3,9-trisubstituted beta-carboline derivatives were designed and synthesized from the starting material L-tryptophan and 3,4,5-trimethoxybenezaldehyde. Cytotoxic activities of these compounds in vitro were investigated, and the SARs associated with position-1, 3 and 9 substituents in beta-carbolines have also been discussed. It has been observed that these compounds only displayed moderate to weak cytotoxic activities. Interestingly, most of the investigated compounds displayed selectively cytotoxic activities to human BCG-823 cell lines with IC(50) value lower than 100 microM. In addition, the short alkyl substituents in position-9 increased the cytotoxic activities with the tendency of n-butyl > ethyl > methyl. These data confirmed that (1) an alkyl substituent at position-9 of beta-carboline nucleus plays an important role in determining their antitumor activities; (2) different beta-carbolines bearing various substituents in beta-carboline nucleus interacted selectively with specific targets leading to the difference of biochemical and pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, 135 Xin Gang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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41
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Santos RG, Landeira-Fernandez J, Strassman RJ, Motta V, Cruz APM. Effects of ayahuasca on psychometric measures of anxiety, panic-like and hopelessness in Santo Daime members. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 112:507-13. [PMID: 17532158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2007.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2006] [Revised: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of the hallucinogenic brew ayahuasca, obtained from infusing the shredded stalk of the malpighiaceous plant Banisteriopsis caapi with the leaves of other plants such as Psychotria viridis, is growing in urban centers of Europe, South and North America in the last several decades. Despite this diffusion, little is known about its effects on emotional states. The present study investigated the effects of ayahuasca on psychometric measures of anxiety, panic-like and hopelessness in members of the Santo Daime, an ayahuasca-using religion. Standard questionnaires were used to evaluate state-anxiety (STAI-state), trait-anxiety (STAI-trait), panic-like (ASI-R) and hopelessness (BHS) in participants that ingested ayahuasca for at least 10 consecutive years. The study was done in the Santo Daime church, where the questionnaires were administered 1h after the ingestion of the brew, in a double-blind, placebo-controlled procedure. While under the acute effects of ayahuasca, participants scored lower on the scales for panic and hopelessness related states. Ayahuasca ingestion did not modify state- or trait-anxiety. The results are discussed in terms of the possible use of ayahuasca in alleviating signs of hopelessness and panic-like related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Santos
- Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, Brasília-DF 70910-900, Brazil.
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42
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Brandt SD, Mansell D, Freeman S, Fleet IA, Alder JF. Analytical characterisation of the routes by thermolytic decarboxylation from tryptophan to tryptamine using ketone catalysts, resulting in tetrahydro-β-carboline formation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2006; 41:872-82. [PMID: 16569488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2006.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2005] [Revised: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 02/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
N-Alkylated tryptamines have complex psychoactive properties. Routes for clandestine synthesis are described on Internet websites one of which involves the thermolytic decarboxylation of tryptophan to tryptamine as a precursor to psychoactive compounds. High boiling solvents and ketone catalysts have been employed to facilitate the decarboxylation of tryptophan. The present study has revealed that there is formation of tetrahydro-beta-carboline (THBC) derivatives which may originate from reaction with both the solvent and the ketone catalyst. The application of gas chromatography electron- and chemical-ionisation ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (GC-IT-MS-MS), in combination with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), led to the isolation and identification of 1,1-disubstituted-tetrahydro-beta-carbolines formed as major impurities in the tryptamine. Confirmation was by synthesis of the THBC derivatives from tryptamine using Pictet-Spengler cyclisation. Under EI-conditions, mass spectral characterisation of the THBCs suggests predominance of alkyl cleavage. These impurities will yield a useful profile for identification of the synthetic pathway and likely reagents employed, particularly a "fingerprint" of the ketone catalyst and an insight into the influence of solvents and catalysts on the formation of by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Brandt
- School of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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43
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Chang-Fong J, Tyacke RJ, Lau A, Westaway J, Hudson AL, Glennon RA. Pyrazino[1,2- a ]indoles as novel high-affinity and selective imidazoline I 2 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:1003-5. [PMID: 15013010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2003] [Accepted: 12/01/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles are described as a novel class of I(2) imidazoline receptor ligands. In particular, 8-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole (8-OMe THPI; 3c) binds with high affinity at I(2) imidazoline receptors (K(i)=6.2 nM) and with exceptional (> or =1000-fold) selectivity relative to its affinity for I(1) imidazoline receptors, alpha(2)adrenergic receptors, and 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) serotonin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Chang-Fong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0540 USA
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