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Röhn TA, Numao S, Otto H, Loesche C, Thoma G. Drug discovery strategies for novel leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:1483-1495. [PMID: 34191664 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1948998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionLeukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) is the final and rate limiting enzyme regulating the biosynthesis of leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a pro-inflammatory lipid mediator implicated in a large number of inflammatory pathologies. Inhibition of LTA4H not only prevents LTB4 biosynthesis but also induces a lipid mediator class-switch within the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, elevating biosynthesis of the anti-inflammatory lipid mediator Lipoxin A4. Ample preclinical evidence advocates LTA4H as attractive drug target for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.Areas coveredThis review covers details about the biochemistry of LTA4H and describes its role in regulating pro- and anti-inflammatory mediator generation. It summarizes recent efforts in medicinal chemistry toward novel LTA4H inhibitors, recent clinical trials testing LTA4H inhibitors in pulmonary inflammatory diseases, and potential reasons for the discontinuation of former development programs.Expert opinionGiven the prominent role of LTB4 in initiating and perpetuating inflammation, LTA4H remains an appealing drug target. The reason former attempts targeting this enzyme have not met with success in the clinic can be attributed to compound-specific liabilities of first-generation inhibitors and/or choice of target indications to test this mode of action. A new generation of highly potent and selective LTA4H inhibitors is currently undergoing clinical testing in indications with a strong link to LTB4 biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till A Röhn
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shin Numao
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heike Otto
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Loesche
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gebhard Thoma
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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Qin R, Wang H, Yan A. Classification and QSAR models of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) inhibitors by machine learning methods. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 32:411-431. [PMID: 33896285 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2021.1910862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) is an important anti-inflammatory target which can convert leukotriene A4 (LTA4) into pro-inflammatory substance leukotriene B4 (LTB4). In this paper, we built 18 classification models for 463 LTA4H inhibitors by using support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF) and K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN). The best classification model (Model 2A) was built from RF and MACCS fingerprints. The prediction accuracy of 88.96% and the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.74 had been achieved on the test set. We also divided the 463 LTA4H inhibitors into six subsets using K-Means. We found that the highly active LTA4H inhibitors mostly contained diphenylmethane or diphenyl ether as the scaffold and pyridine or piperidine as the side chain. In addition, six quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for 172 LTA4H inhibitors were built by multiple linear regression (MLR) and SVM. The best QSAR model (Model 6A) was built by using SVM and CORINA Symphony descriptors. The coefficients of determination of the training set and the test set were equal to 0.81 and 0.79, respectively. Classification and QSAR models could be used for subsequent virtual screening, and the obtained fragments that were important for highly active inhibitors would be helpful for designing new LTA4H inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - H Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - A Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
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Lin J, Zhou S, Xu JX, Yao WQ, Hao GF, Li YT. Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship of Economical Triazole Sulfonamide Aryl Derivatives with High Fungicidal Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6792-6801. [PMID: 32442369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant fungal diseases have caused great decreases in crop quality and yield. As one of the considerable agricultural diseases, cucumber downy mildew (CDM) caused by pseudoperonospora cubensis seriously influences the production of cucumber. Amisulbrom is a commercial agricultural fungicide developed by Nissan Chemical, Ltd., for the control of oomycetes diseases that is highly effective against CDM. However, the synthesis of amisulbrom has a high cost because of the introduction of the bromoindole ring. In addition, the continuous use of amisulbrom might increase the risk of resistance development. Hence, there is an imperative to develop active fungicides with new scaffolds but low cost against CDM. In this study, a series of 1,2,4-triazole-1,3-disulfonamide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and screened. Compound 1j showed a comparable fungicidal activity with amisulbrom, but it was low cost and ecofriendly. It has the potential to be developed as a new fungicide candidate against CDM. Further investigations of structure-activity relationship exhibited the structural requirements of 1,2,4-triazole-1,3-disulfonamide and appropriate modification in N-alkyl benzylamine groups with high fungicidal activity. This research will provide powerful guidance for the design of highly active lead compounds with a novel skeleton and low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523867, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry Biology and Environmental Engineering, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou 423000, P. R. China
| | - Si Zhou
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523867, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Xing Xu
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523867, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Qiang Yao
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523867, P. R. China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Li
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523867, P. R. China
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Li Y, Lin J, Yao W, Gao G, Jing D, Wu Y. Discovery of a new fungicide by screening triazole sulfonylhydrazone derivatives and its downy mildew inhibition in cucumber. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Li
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523871, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lin
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523871, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Yao
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523871, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Gao
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523871, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Dewang Jing
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523871, Guangdong People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wu
- Dongguan HEC Pesticides R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan 523871, Guangdong People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Yao W, Lin J, Li F, Wu Y, Xu J. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Novel Triazole Sulfonamide Derivatives Containing a Benzylamine Moiety. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Li
- Dongguan HEC AgroSciences R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan Guangdong 523867 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Yao
- Dongguan HEC AgroSciences R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan Guangdong 523867 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lin
- Dongguan HEC AgroSciences R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan Guangdong 523867 People's Republic of China
| | - Falin Li
- Dongguan HEC AgroSciences R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan Guangdong 523867 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wu
- Dongguan HEC AgroSciences R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan Guangdong 523867 People's Republic of China
| | - Junxing Xu
- Dongguan HEC AgroSciences R&D Co., Ltd. Dongguan Guangdong 523867 People's Republic of China
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Cheng H, Shen YQ, Pan XY, Hou YP, Wu QY, Yang GF. Discovery of 1,2,4-triazole-1,3-disulfonamides as dual inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II and complex III. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00215j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1,2,4-Triazole-1,3-disulfonamide derivatives as dual function inhibitors of mitochondrial complex II (SQR) and complex III (cyt bc1) were discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Yan-Qing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Xia-Yan Pan
- Department of Pesticide Science
- College of Plant Protection
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- P. R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Hou
- Department of Pesticide Science
- College of Plant Protection
- Nanjing Agricultural University
- Nanjing 210095
- P. R. China
| | - Qiong-You Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
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Development of predictive quantitative structure–activity relationship model and its application in the discovery of human leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors. Future Med Chem 2013; 5:27-40. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Human LTA4H catalyzes the conversion of LTA4 to LTB4 and plays a key role in innate immune responses. Inhibition of this enzyme can be a valid method in the treatment of inflammatory response exhibited through LTB4. Results & discussion: The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models were developed using genetic function approximation and validated. A training set of 26 diverse compounds and their molecular descriptors were used to develop highly correlating QSAR models. A six-descriptor model explaining the biological activity of the training and test sets with correlation values of 0.846 and 0.502, respectively, was selected as the best model and used in a database screening of drug-like Maybridge database followed by molecular docking. Conclusion: Based on the predicted potent inhibitory activities, expected binding mode and molecular interactions at the active site of hLTA4H final leads were selected as to be utilized in designing future hLTA4H inhibitors.
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Çalışkan B, Banoglu E. Overview of recent drug discovery approaches for new generation leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 8:49-63. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.735228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Çalışkan
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Taç Sok. No:3 Yenimahalle, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erden Banoglu
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,
Taç Sok. No:3 Yenimahalle, 06330 Ankara, Turkey ; ;
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GRICE CHERYLA, FOURIE ANNEM, LEE-DUTRA ALICE. Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase: Biology, Inhibitors and Clinical Applications. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG DISCOVERY 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/9781849735346-00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Leukotriene A4 hydrolase is a zinc-containing cytosolic enzyme with both hydrolase and aminopeptidase activity. LTA4H stereospecifically catalyzes the transformation of the unstable epoxide LTA4 to the potent pro-inflammatory mediator LTB4. Variations in the lta4h gene have been linked to susceptibility to multiple diseases including myocardial infarction, stroke and asthma. Pre-clinical animal models and human biomarker data have implicated LTB4 in inflammatory diseases. Several groups have now identified selective inhibitors of LTA4H, many of which were influenced by the disclosure of a protein crystal structure a decade ago. Clinical validation of LTA4H remains elusive despite the progression of inhibitors into pre-clinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- CHERYL A. GRICE
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego California 92121 USA
| | - ANNE M. FOURIE
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego California 92121 USA
| | - ALICE LEE-DUTRA
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego California 92121 USA
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Thangapandian S, John S, Sakkiah S, Lee KW. Pharmacophore-based virtual screening and Bayesian model for the identification of potential human leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1593-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Thangapandian S, John S, Sakkiah S, Lee KW. Molecular Docking and Pharmacophore Filtering in the Discovery of Dual-Inhibitors for Human Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase and Leukotriene C4 Synthase. J Chem Inf Model 2010; 51:33-44. [PMID: 21133343 DOI: 10.1021/ci1002813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundarapandian Thangapandian
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center (EB-NCRC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shalini John
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center (EB-NCRC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugunadevi Sakkiah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center (EB-NCRC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center (EB-NCRC), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 900 Gazwa-dong, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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Sandanayaka V, Mamat B, Mishra RK, Winger J, Krohn M, Zhou LM, Keyvan M, Enache L, Sullins D, Onua E, Zhang J, Halldorsdottir G, Sigthorsdottir H, Thorlaksdottir A, Sigthorsson G, Thorsteinnsdottir M, Davies DR, Stewart LJ, Zembower DE, Andresson T, Kiselyov AS, Singh J, Gurney ME. Discovery of 4-[(2S)-2-{[4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenoxy]methyl}-1-pyrrolidinyl]butanoic acid (DG-051) as a novel leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitor of leukotriene B4 biosynthesis. J Med Chem 2010; 53:573-85. [PMID: 19950900 DOI: 10.1021/jm900838g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Both in-house human genetic and literature data have converged on the identification of leukotriene 4 hydrolase (LTA(4)H) as a key target for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. We combined fragment-based crystallography screening with an iterative medicinal chemistry effort to optimize inhibitors of LTA(4)H. Ligand efficiency was followed throughout our structure-activity studies. As applied within the context of LTA(4)H inhibitor design, the chemistry team was able to design a potent compound 20 (DG-051) (K(d) = 26 nM) with high aqueous solubility (>30 mg/mL) and high oral bioavailability (>80% across species) that is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for the treatment of myocardial infarction and stroke. The structural biology-chemistry interaction described in this paper provides a sound alternative to conventional screening techniques. This is the first example of a gene-to-clinic paradigm enabled by a fragment-based drug discovery effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Sandanayaka
- Medicinal Chemistry, deCODE Chemistry, Inc., 2501 Davey Road, Woodridge, Illinois 60517, USA
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Davies DR, Mamat B, Magnusson OT, Christensen J, Haraldsson MH, Mishra R, Pease B, Hansen E, Singh J, Zembower D, Kim H, Kiselyov AS, Burgin AB, Gurney ME, Stewart LJ. Discovery of leukotriene A4 hydrolase inhibitors using metabolomics biased fragment crystallography. J Med Chem 2009; 52:4694-715. [PMID: 19618939 PMCID: PMC2722745 DOI: 10.1021/jm900259h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
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We describe a novel fragment library termed fragments of life (FOL) for structure-based drug discovery. The FOL library includes natural small molecules of life, derivatives thereof, and biaryl protein architecture mimetics. The choice of fragments facilitates the interrogation of protein active sites, allosteric binding sites, and protein−protein interaction surfaces for fragment binding. We screened the FOL library against leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) by X-ray crystallography. A diverse set of fragments including derivatives of resveratrol, nicotinamide, and indole were identified as efficient ligands for LTA4H. These fragments were elaborated in a small number of synthetic cycles into potent inhibitors of LTA4H representing multiple novel chemotypes for modulating leukotriene biosynthesis. Analysis of the fragment-bound structures also showed that the fragments comprehensively recapitulated key chemical features and binding modes of several reported LTA4H inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Davies
- deCODE biostructures, Inc., 7869 NE Day Road West, Bainbridge Island, Washington 98110, USA
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