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Kumar A, Singh AK, Singh H, Vijayan V, Kumar D, Naik J, Thareja S, Yadav JP, Pathak P, Grishina M, Verma A, Khalilullah H, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Kumar P. Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:299. [PMID: 37259442 PMCID: PMC9965678 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major healthcare challenges across the globe. Several anticancer drugs are available on the market but they either lack specificity or have poor safety, severe side effects, and suffer from resistance. So, there is a dire need to develop safer and target-specific anticancer drugs. More than 85% of all physiologically active pharmaceuticals are heterocycles or contain at least one heteroatom. Nitrogen heterocycles constituting the most common heterocyclic framework. In this study, we have compiled the FDA approved heterocyclic drugs with nitrogen atoms and their pharmacological properties. Moreover, we have reported nitrogen containing heterocycles, including pyrimidine, quinolone, carbazole, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, triazole, β-lactam, indole, pyrazole, quinazoline, quinoxaline, isatin, pyrrolo-benzodiazepines, and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines, which are used in the treatment of different types of cancer, concurrently covering the biochemical mechanisms of action and cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adarsh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Ankit Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Harshwardhan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Veena Vijayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Jashwanth Naik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
| | - Jagat Pal Yadav
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rama University, Kanpur 209217, India
| | - Prateek Pathak
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, 454008 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Maria Grishina
- Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, Higher Medical and Biological School, South Ural State University, 454008 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unayzah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda 151401, India
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Khan M, Shah SR, Khan F, Halim SA, Rahman SM, Khalid M, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Efficient Synthesis with Green Chemistry Approach of Novel Pharmacophores of Imidazole-Based Hybrids for Tumor Treatment: Mechanistic Insights from In Situ to In Silico. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205079. [PMID: 36291864 PMCID: PMC9600394 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Here, we report the eco-friendly synthesis and antitumor potential of the imidazole hybrids of pyrimidine. The results showed that all the compounds possess excellent inhibition of tumors, promoting enzymes hCA-IX and hCA-II. Furthermore, the selectivity index showed that compounds 7, 10, and 11 are selective inhibitors of hCA-IX, while compound 2 is a selective inhibitor of hCA-IX. More importantly, all the active inhibitors are toxic to the breast cancer cell line and non-cytotoxic for the normal breast cell line. These compounds would be a suitable choice to investigate in the in vivo models to check their efficacy against these particular targets. These newly identified human carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have potential to be considered as therapeutic leads for the treatment of CA-related diseases, especially for breast and lung tumors and glaucoma. Furthermore, lead optimization and preclinical and clinical investigations of these compounds are necessary to develop potential drug entities for the treatment of cancer. Abstract Imidazole-based pyrimidine hybrids are considered a remarkable class of compounds in pharmaceutical chemistry. Here, we report the anticancer bioactivities of eleven imidazole-based pyrimidine hybrids (1–11) that specifically target cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CAs) isoenzymes, including human CA-II and human CA-IX (hCA-II, and hCA-IX). A highly eco-friendly aqueous approach was used for the formation of a carbon–carbon bond by reacting aromatic nitro group substitution of nitroimidazoles with carbon nucleophiles. The in vitro results indicate that this new class of compounds (1–11) includes significant inhibitors of hCA IX with IC50 values in the range of 9.6 ± 0.2–32.2 ± 1.0 µM, while hCA II showed IC50 values in range of 11.6 ± 0.2–31.1 ± 1.3 µM. Compound 2 (IC50 = 12.3 ± 0.1 µM) showed selective inhibition for hCA-II while 7, 8, and 10 (IC50 = 9.6–32.2 µM) were selective for hCA-IX. The mechanism of action was investigated through in vitro kinetics studies that revealed that compounds 7, 3, 11, 10, 4, and 9 for CA-IX and 1, 2, and 11 for CA-II are competitive inhibitors with dissociation constant (Ki) in the range of 7.32–17.02 µM. Furthermore, the in situ cytotoxicity of these compounds was investigated in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and compared with the normal human breast cell line, MCF-10A. Compound 5 showed excellent anticancer/cytotoxic activity in MDA-MB-231 with no toxicity to the normal breast cells. In addition, in silico molecular docking was employed to predict the binding mechanism of active compounds with their targets. This in silico observation aligned with our experimental results. Our findings signify that imidazole-based hybrids could be a useful choice to design anticancer agents for breast and lung tumors, or antiglaucoma compounds, by specific inhibition of carbonic anhydrases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Raza Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
| | - Faizullah Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ahsan Halim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
| | - Shaikh Mizanoor Rahman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa P.O. Box 33, Oman
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (A.A.-H.)
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Concept of Hybrid Drugs and Recent Advancements in Anticancer Hybrids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091071. [PMID: 36145292 PMCID: PMC9500727 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease, and its treatment is a big challenge, with variable efficacy of conventional anticancer drugs. A two-drug cocktail hybrid approach is a potential strategy in recent drug discovery that involves the combination of two drug pharmacophores into a single molecule. The hybrid molecule acts through distinct modes of action on several targets at a given time with more efficacy and less susceptibility to resistance. Thus, there is a huge scope for using hybrid compounds to tackle the present difficulties in cancer medicine. Recent work has applied this technique to uncover some interesting molecules with substantial anticancer properties. In this study, we report data on numerous promising hybrid anti-proliferative/anti-tumor agents developed over the previous 10 years (2011–2021). It includes quinazoline, indole, carbazole, pyrimidine, quinoline, quinone, imidazole, selenium, platinum, hydroxamic acid, ferrocene, curcumin, triazole, benzimidazole, isatin, pyrrolo benzodiazepine (PBD), chalcone, coumarin, nitrogen mustard, pyrazole, and pyridine-based anticancer hybrids produced via molecular hybridization techniques. Overall, this review offers a clear indication of the potential benefits of merging pharmacophoric subunits from multiple different known chemical prototypes to produce more potent and precise hybrid compounds. This provides valuable knowledge for researchers working on complex diseases such as cancer.
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Rostami H, Haddadi MH. Benzimidazole derivatives: A versatile scaffold for drug development against
Helicobacter pylori
‐related diseases. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:930-943. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Rostami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences Ilam University Ilam Iran
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5
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2-Phenyl substituted Benzimidazole derivatives: Design, synthesis, and evaluation of their antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Han Mİ, Küçükgüzel ŞG. Thioethers: An Overview. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:170-219. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210614121237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Spreading rapidly in recent years, cancer has become one of the causes of the highest mor-tality rates after cardiovascular diseases. The reason for cancer development is still not clearly under-stood despite enormous research activities in this area. Scientists are now working on the biology of cancer, especially on the root cause of cancer development. The aim is to treat the cancer disease and thus cure the patients. The continuing efforts for the development of novel molecules as potential anti-cancer agents are essential for this purpose. The main aim of this review was to present a survey on the medicinal chemistry of thioethers and provide practical data on their cytotoxicities against various cancer cell lines. The research articles published between 2001-2020 were consulted to pre-pare this review article; however, patent literature has not been included. The thioether-containing heterocyclic compounds may emerge as a new class of potent and effective anti-cancer agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. İhsan Han
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Talas, 38050, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ş. Güniz Küçükgüzel
- Vocational School of Health Services, Fenerbahçe University, Ataşehir, 34758, İstanbul, Turkey
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Alhilal M, Sulaiman YAM, Alhilal S, Gomha SM, Ouf SA. Synthesis of Novel Acyclic Nucleoside Analogue Starting From 6-Aminouracil as Potent Antimicrobial Agent. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1984260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alhilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yaser A. M. Sulaiman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Pharmacy, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq
| | - Suzan Alhilal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Albaath University, Homs, Syria
| | - Sobhi M. Gomha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salama A. Ouf
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Mahapatra A, Prasad T, Sharma T. Pyrimidine: a review on anticancer activity with key emphasis on SAR. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cancer is a global health challenge, it impacts the quality of life and its treatment is associated with several side effects. Resistance of the cancer cells to the existing drugs has led to search for novel anticancer agents. Pyrimidine, a privileged scaffold, is part of living organisms and plays vital role in various biological procedures as well as in cancer pathogenesis. Due to resemblance in structure with the nucleotide base pair of DNA and RNA, it is recognized as valuable compound in the treatment of cancer.
Main text
Many novel pyrimidine derivatives have been designed and developed for their anticancer activity in the last few years. The present review aims to focus on the structure activity relationship (SAR) of pyrimidine derivatives as anticancer agent from the last decade.
Conclusion
This review intends to assist in the development of more potent and efficacious anticancer drugs with pyrimidine scaffold.
Graphical abstract
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9
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Teli G, Chawla PA. Hybridization of Imidazole with Various Heterocycles in Targeting Cancer: A Decade's Work. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghanshyam Teli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy Ghal Kalan G.T Road Punjab 142001 India
| | - Pooja A. Chawla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry ISF College of Pharmacy Ghal Kalan G.T Road Punjab 142001 India
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10
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Choudhary S, Arora M, Verma H, Kumar M, Silakari O. Benzimidazole based hybrids against complex diseases: A catalogue of the SAR profile. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 899:174027. [PMID: 33731294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fused heterocyclic ring system has been recognized as a privileged structure that is used as a template in medicinal chemistry for drug discovery. Benzimidazole is one of the common scaffolds found in several natural products such as histidine, purines, and an integral part of vitamin B12. This hetero-aromatic bicyclic ring system acts as a pharmacophore in various drugs of therapeutic interest and has a broad spectrum of activity. Literature reports suggest that diversely substituted benzimidazoles possess distinct pharmacological profiles with multi-targeting potential, thereby, an indispensable anchor for the development of novel therapeutic agents against complex diseases such as cancer, malaria, inflammatory disorders, microbial diseases, hypertension, etc. Thus, lots of efforts have been diverted towards exploring the therapeutic potential of benzimidazoles. Despite great efforts made by the research community, still, some multi-factorial diseases continue to progress due to their complex pathophysiology. Under these sets of circumstances, there is a need to explore this nucleus for hybrid designing with multi-targeting potential against complex diseases. Benzimidazole-based hybrids have been reported to treat multifactorial diseases, making it a scaffold of interest for various pharmaceutical companies and research groups. In this write-up, we shed light on the recent pharmacological profiles, various designing strategies, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) of different benzimidazole-based hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalki Choudhary
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Mohit Arora
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Himanshu Verma
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Molecular Modelling Lab (MML), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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Akhtar MJ, Yar MS, Sharma VK, Khan AA, Ali Z, Haider MDR, Pathak A. Recent Progress of Benzimidazole Hybrids for Anticancer Potential. Curr Med Chem 2021; 27:5970-6014. [PMID: 31393240 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190808122929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the detailed account of factors leading to cancer and design strategy for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The recent survey for cancer treatment in Cancer facts and figures 2017 American Chemical Society has shown progressive development in fighting cancer. Researchers all over the world in both developed and developing countries are in a continuous effort to tackle this serious concern. Benzimidazole and its derivatives showed a broad range of biological activities due to their resemblance with naturally occurring nitrogenous base i.e. purine. The review discussed benzimidazole derivatives showing anticancer properties through a different mechanism viz. intercalation, alkylating agents, topoisomerases, DHFR enzymes, and tubulin inhibitors. Benzimidazole derivatives act through a different mechanism and the substituents reported from the earlier and recent research articles are prerequisites for the synthesis of targeted based benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents. The review focuses on an easy comparison of the substituent essential for potency and selectivity through SAR presented in figures. This will further provide a better outlook or fulfills the challenges faced in the development of novel benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Ferozpur G.T. Road MOGA-142001, Punjab, India
| | - Mohammad Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, NH58, Partapur Bypass Meerut-250103, India
| | - Ahsan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Zulphikar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - M D Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Ankita Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Hamdard University,
Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi-110062, India
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Helwa AA, El-Dydamony NM, Radwan RA, Abdelraouf SM, Abdelnaby RM. Novel antiproliferative agents bearing morpholinopyrimidine scaffold as PI3K inhibitors and apoptosis inducers; design, synthesis and molecular docking. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104051. [PMID: 32659486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two series of novel morpholinopyrimidine derivatives were synthesized and screened for their in-vitro cytotoxic activity against 60 tumor cell line by the National Cancer Institute, USA. The in-vitro cytotoxic IC50 values for the most active compounds 6e, 6g, and 6l against the most sensitive cell line leukemia SR were estimated (IC50 = 0.76, 13.59, and 4.37 uM, respectively). To investigate their PI3K enzyme inhibition activity, the assay was done on Class IA (α, β, & δ) isoforms. The IC50 values were very promising: compound [6e = 11.73 (α), 6.09 (β), 11.18 (δ)], compound [6g = 8.43 (α), 15.84 (β), 30.62 (δ)], and compound [6l = 13.98 (α), 7.22 (β), 10.94 (δ)], compared to the reference compound LY294002 = 6.28 (α), 4.51 (β), 4.60 (δ) uM, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle analysis and annexin V-FITC staining were done on Leukemia SR, there was arrest at G2/M phase and apoptosis was induced. Finally, docking study was performed to analyze the interactive mode of these derivatives in PI3Kα ATP-binding site. These outcomes proved that compounds 6e, 6g, and 6l are potential leads for further optimization as antileukemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Helwa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October City, Egypt.
| | - Nehad M El-Dydamony
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6(th) of October City, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Radwan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Sinai University- Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sahar M Abdelraouf
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana M Abdelnaby
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
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Basha MT, Alghanmi RM, Shehata MR, Abdel-Rahman LH. Synthesis, structural characterization, DFT calculations, biological investigation, molecular docking and DNA binding of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) nanosized Schiff base complexes bearing pyrimidine moiety. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Synthesis and evaluation of new benzimidazole derivatives with hydrazone moiety as anticancer agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2017-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death throughout the world. Current therapy options suffer from the major limitations of side effects and drug resistance. Thus, continuing search for newer and safer anticancer drugs remains critically important. From this point of view, in the present study benzimidazole-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized by aiming at the identification of new chemical entities as potent anticancer agents.
Material and methods:
A series of 12 new compounds of 4-(5(6)-substituted-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-N′thiophen/furan-2-yl-methylene) benzohydrazide derivatives were synthesized. The structures of the obtained compounds were elucidated using by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the compounds against A549, MCF-7 and NIH/3T3 cell lines was evaluated by MTT assay.
Results:
Among the tested compounds, compound 3e showed higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells when compared with cisplatin. Also, it has lower cytotoxicty against healthy cell line, NIH/3T3.
Conclusions:
It was determined that compound 3e showed inhibition towards MCF-7. Considering the substituent effect on cytotoxic activity, compound 3e bearing 2-methylthiophene has attracted attention with its higher anticancer activities.
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Akhtar MJ, Khan AA, Ali Z, Dewangan RP, Rafi M, Hassan MQ, Akhtar MS, Siddiqui AA, Partap S, Pasha S, Yar MS. Synthesis of stable benzimidazole derivatives bearing pyrazole as anticancer and EGFR receptor inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 78:158-169. [PMID: 29571113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new series of benzimidazole linked pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by cyclocondensation reaction through one-pot multicomponent reaction in absolute ethanol. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro anticancer activities on five human cancer cell lines including MCF-7, HaCaT, MDA-MB231, A549 and HepG2. EGFR receptor inhibitory activities were carried out for all the compounds. Majority of the compounds showed potent antiproliferative activity against the tested cancer cell lines. Compound 5a showed the most effective activity against the lungs cancer cell lines (IC50 = 2.2 µM) and EGFR binding (IC50 = 0.97 µM) affinity as compared to other members of the series. Compound 5a inhibited growth of A549 cancer cells by inducing a strong G2/M phase arrest. In addition, same compound inhibited growth of A549 cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. In molecular docking studies compound 5a was bound to the active pocket of the EGFR (PDB 1M17) with five key hydrogen bonds and two π-π interaction with binding energies ΔG = -34.581 Kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ahsan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Zulphikar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | | | - Md Rafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Md Quamrul Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Anees Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sangh Partap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Santosh Pasha
- Lab no 405, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - M Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (Formerly Faculty of Pharmacy), Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
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17
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Jubeen F, Iqbal SZ, Shafiq N, Khan M, Parveen S, Iqbal M, Nazir A. Eco-friendly synthesis of pyrimidines and its derivatives: A review on broad spectrum bioactive moiety with huge therapeutic profile. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1408840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Jubeen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sania Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nusrat Shafiq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Munawar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arif Nazir
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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18
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Murahari M, Prakash KV, Peters GJ, Mayur YC. Acridone-pyrimidine hybrids- design, synthesis, cytotoxicity studies in resistant and sensitive cancer cells and molecular docking studies. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:961-981. [PMID: 28886509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid systems of acridones with substituted pyrimidines were designed with an objective of discovering next generation anticancer agents targeting multiple mechanisms in the cancer cell. Hybrid compounds were synthesized by simple and convenient methods in the lab, characterized by NMR and Mass spectral methods and screened for cytotoxicity against A549 (lung), Hela (cervical), MCF7 (breast) and MDA-MB-231 (breast) cancer cell lines respectively. Evaluation of compounds for cell proliferation identified active compounds 11b, 11d and 11h against MCF7, MDA-MB-231 and A549 cell lines. Further absorption titrations with CT-DNA and gel electrophoresis identified that hybrid molecules displayed anticancer activity partly by DNA intercalation. Also further results of western blotting assay with Akt kinase identified that hybrid compounds have the ability to inhibit the Akt kinase activity and induce apoptosis, with ABCC1 suggests that active compounds too have the ability to modulate multidrug resistance (MDR) associated with ABCC1/MRP1. Selective Akt1 kinase assay have identified 11a, 11b, 11d and 11h as potential inhibitors. Molecular docking studies identified the orientation and binding interactions at the active site of Akt1 and DNA. Compounds 12e and 12f have shown good cytotoxicity profile against lung cancer cell lines of sensitive and resistant type. Acute toxicity study of compound 12f at the dose of 5000 mg/kg has identified no signs of clinical toxicity. Prediction of ADMET properties and oral toxicity of the drug likeness features of new hybrid systems were carried out using software's. This experimental data suggests that hybrid systems of acridone with substituted pyrimidines can be taken as a lead for the design of efficient inhibitors and active compounds which can be taken up for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikanta Murahari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India
| | | | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y C Mayur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS- Deemed to be University, Mumbai 400 056, India.
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19
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Abbot V, Sharma P, Dhiman S, Noolvi MN, Patel HM, Bhardwaj V. Small hybrid heteroaromatics: resourceful biological tools in cancer research. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, hybrid drugs containing two or more covalently linked known potential pharmacophores are designed to simultaneously modulate multiple targets of multifactorial diseases to overcome the side effects associated with a single drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Abbot
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | - Saurabh Dhiman
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | | | - Harun M. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Dhule
- India
| | - Varun Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
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20
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Akhtar MJ, Siddiqui AA, Khan AA, Ali Z, Dewangan RP, Pasha S, Yar MS. Design, synthesis, docking and QSAR study of substituted benzimidazole linked oxadiazole as cytotoxic agents, EGFR and erbB2 receptor inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 126:853-869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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21
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Akhtar W, Khan MF, Verma G, Shaquiquzzaman M, Rizvi MA, Mehdi SH, Akhter M, Alam MM. Therapeutic evolution of benzimidazole derivatives in the last quinquennial period. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 126:705-753. [PMID: 27951484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazole, a fused heterocycle bearing benzene and imidazole has gained considerable attention in the field of contemporary medicinal chemistry. The moiety is of substantial importance because of its wide array of pharmacological activities. This nitrogen containing heterocycle is a part of a number of therapeutically used agents. Moreover, a number of patents concerning this moiety in the last few years further highlight its worth. The present review covers the recent work published by scientists across the globe during last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Akhtar
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohemmed Faraz Khan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Garima Verma
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Shaquiquzzaman
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M A Rizvi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Hassan Mehdi
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - M Mumtaz Alam
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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22
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Khalifa NM, Al-Omar MA, Amr AE. Synthesis and characterization of novel 5-allyl-6-{(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)methyl}-2-(alkylsulfanyl)oxopyrimidine derivatives. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363216120367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Al-Harthy T, Zoghaib WM, Pflüger M, Schöpel M, Önder K, Reitsammer M, Hundsberger H, Stoll R, Abdel-Jalil R. Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxicity of 5-Fluoro-2-methyl-6-(4-aryl-piperazin-1-yl) Benzoxazoles. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21101290. [PMID: 27689973 PMCID: PMC6274350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To design new compounds suitable as starting points for anticancer drug development, we have synthesized a novel series of benzoxazoles with pharmaceutically advantageous piperazine and fluorine moieties attached to them. The newly synthesized benzoxazoles and their corresponding precursors were evaluated for cytotoxicity on human A-549 lung carcinoma cells and non-cancer HepaRG hepatocyes. Some of these new benzoxazoles show potential anticancer activity, while two of the intermediates show lung cancer selective properties at low concentrations where healthy cells are unaffected, indicating a selectivity window for anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuraya Al-Harthy
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
| | - Wajdi Michel Zoghaib
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
| | - Maren Pflüger
- IMC Fachhochschule Krems University of Applied Sciences Krems, Piaristengasse 1, Krems A-3500, Austria.
| | - Miriam Schöpel
- Biomolecular NMR, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum 44780, Germany.
| | - Kamil Önder
- Research Program for Rational Drug Design in Dermatology and Rheumatolog, Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical, University of Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, Salzburg A-5020, Austria.
| | - Maria Reitsammer
- Research Program for Rational Drug Design in Dermatology and Rheumatolog, Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical, University of Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, Salzburg A-5020, Austria.
| | - Harald Hundsberger
- IMC Fachhochschule Krems University of Applied Sciences Krems, Piaristengasse 1, Krems A-3500, Austria.
| | - Raphael Stoll
- Biomolecular NMR, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum 44780, Germany.
| | - Raid Abdel-Jalil
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman.
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24
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Akhtar J, Khan AA, Ali Z, Haider R, Shahar Yar M. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) study and design strategies of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties for their anticancer activities. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:143-189. [PMID: 27662031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present review article offers a detailed account of the design strategies employed for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing anticancer agents. The results of different studies describe the N-heterocyclic ring system is a core structure in many synthetic compounds exhibiting a broad range of biological activities. Benzimidazole, benzothiazole, indole, acridine, oxadiazole, imidazole, isoxazole, pyrazole, triazoles, quinolines and quinazolines including others drugs containing pyridazine, pyridine and pyrimidines are covered. The following studies of these compounds suggested that these compounds showed their antitumor activities through multiple mechanisms including inhibiting protein kinase (CDK, MK-2, PLK1, kinesin-like protein Eg5 and IKK), topoisomerase I and II, microtubule inhibition, and many others. Our concise representation exploits the design and anticancer potency of these compounds. The direct comparison of anticancer activities with the standard enables a systematic analysis of the structure-activity relationship among the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Ahsan Ahmed Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Zulphikar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Rafi Haider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - M Shahar Yar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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25
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Synthesis of novel S-acyl and S-alkylpyrimidinone derivatives as potential cytotoxic agents. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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26
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KÜÇÜKBAY H, MUMCU A, TEKİN S, SANDAL S. Synthesis and evaluation of novel $N,N'$-disubstituted benzimidazolium bromides salts as antitumor agents. Turk J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/kim-1510-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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27
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Zhang HR, Meng T, Liu YC, Qin QP, Chen ZF, Liu YN, Liang H. Synthesis, Structure Characterization and Antitumor Activity Study of a New Iron(III) Complex of 5-Nitro-8-hydroxylquinoline (HNOQ). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:1208-17. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.c16-00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology
| | - Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University
| | - Yan-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University
| | - You-Nian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University
| | - Hong Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University
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28
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Tunç T, Karacan MS, Ertabaklar H, Sarı M, Karacan N, Büyükgüngör O. Antimony(III) complexes with 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidines: Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2015; 153:206-14. [PMID: 26427018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel pyrimidine compound bearing disulfide bridge, 5,5'-disulfanediylbis(2-amino-4,6-dimetoxypyrimidine) (3) was synthesized by reduction of 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxy-5-thiocyanatopyrimidine for the first time, and its structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Novel binuclear antimony(III) compound of (3), {Sb[5,5'-disulfanediylbis(2-amino-4,6-dimetoxypyrimidine)]Cl3}2 (4) and mononuclear antimony(III) compounds, SbL2Cl3, [L: 2-amino-5-thiol-4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidine (2) and 2-amino-5-(1H-tetrazol-5-ylthio)-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine (6)] were synthesized and characterized with the help of elemental analysis, molecular conductivity, FT-IR, (1)H-NMR and LC-MS techniques. The geometrical structures optimized by a DFT/B3LYP/LANL2DZ method of the compounds, indicated that monomeric compounds have square pyramidal shape. Both antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica promastigote and glutathione reductase inhibitory activity were determined in vitro. The results showed that (3) has the best biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turgay Tunç
- Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Engineering-Architecture, Departmant of Chemistry and Process Engineering, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | | | - Hatice Ertabaklar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Musa Sarı
- Department of Physics Education, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Karacan
- Gazi University, Science Faculty, Chemistry Department, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Orhan Büyükgüngör
- Adnan Menderes University, Medicine Faculty, Parasitology Department, Aydin, Turkey
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29
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Gedawy EM, Kassab AE, El-Malah AA. Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel tetrahydroquinoline and tetrahydropyrimidoquinoline derivatives. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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