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Jiang Y, Gu J, Nie W, Lu G, Xin M, Zhu Z, Jiang J, Meng Y, Miao H, Zou Y. Copper‐Catalyzed C(sp
2
)−N Coupling of (
E
)‐3‐(2‐Bromophenysl)‐2‐arylacrylamides for the Synthesis of 3‐Arylquinolin‐2‐ones. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Meixiu Xin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Zefeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Heyuan 517000 P. R. China
| | - Jiayao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yingfen Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Hui Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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Ayre J, Redmond JM, Vitulli G, Tomlinson L, Weaver R, Comeo E, Bosquillon C, Stocks MJ. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Lung-Retentive Prodrugs for Extending the Lung Tissue Retention of Inhaled Drugs. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9802-9818. [PMID: 35798565 PMCID: PMC9340777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A major limitation
of pulmonary delivery is that drugs can exhibit
suboptimal pharmacokinetic profiles resulting from rapid elimination
from the pulmonary tissue. This can lead to systemic side effects
and a short duration of action. A series of dibasic dipeptides attached
to the poorly lung-retentive muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist piperidin-4-yl
2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetate (1) through a pH-sensitive-linking
group have been evaluated. Extensive optimization resulted in 1-(((R)-2-((S)-2,6-diaminohexanamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoyl)oxy)ethyl
4-(2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate (23), which combined very good in vitro stability and
very high rat lung binding. Compound 23 progressed to
pharmacokinetic studies in rats, where, at 24 h post dosing in the
rat lung, the total lung concentration of 23 was 31.2
μM. In addition, high levels of liberated drug 1 were still detected locally, demonstrating the benefit of this novel
prodrug approach for increasing the apparent pharmacokinetic half-life
of drugs in the lungs following pulmonary dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Ayre
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Joanna M Redmond
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Giovanni Vitulli
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laura Tomlinson
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Richard Weaver
- XenoGesis Ltd, Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, U.K
| | - Eleonora Comeo
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Cynthia Bosquillon
- School of Pharmacy, Boots Science Building, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Michael J Stocks
- School of Pharmacy, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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3
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KneŽević A, Novak J, Bosak A, Vinković M. Structural isomers of saligenin-based β2-agonists: synthesis and insight into the reaction mechanism. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:9675-9688. [PMID: 33220672 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02095h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salmeterol and albuterol are well-known β2-adenoreceptor agonists widely used in the treatment of inflammatory respiratory diseases, such as bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here we report the preparation of structural isomers of salmeterol and albuterol, which can be obtained from the same starting material as the corresponding β2-agonists, depending on the synthetic approach employed. Using 1D and various 2D NMR measurements, we determined that the structure of prepared isomers holds the β-aryl-β-aminoethanol moiety, in contrast to the α-aryl-β-aminoethanol moiety found in salmeterol and albuterol. We investigated the reaction of β-halohydrin and amines responsible for the formation of β-aryl-β-amino alcohol - both experimentally and using computational methods. The structure of β-halohydrin with the methyl salicylate moiety imposes the course of the reaction. The solvent plays a relevant, yet ambiguous role in the direction of the reaction, while the strength of the base influences the reaction yield and isomer ratio in a more evident way. Using computational methods, we have shown that the most probable reaction intermediate responsible for the formation of the unexpected isomer is the corresponding para-quinone methide, which can be formed due to phenol present in the methyl salicylate moiety. After successful preparation of albuterol and salmeterol isomers, we tested their inhibition potency to human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and usual and atypical butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Kinetic studies revealed that both isomers are low-potency reversible inhibitors of human cholinesterases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamarija KneŽević
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Hong WP, Shin I, Lim HN. Recent Advances in One-Pot Modular Synthesis of 2-Quinolones. Molecules 2020; 25:E5450. [PMID: 33233747 PMCID: PMC7699938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that 2-quinolones are broadly applicable chemical structures in medicinal and agrochemical research as well as various functional materials. A number of current publications about their synthesis and their applications emphasize the importance of these small molecules. The early synthetic chemistry originated from the same principle of the classical Friedländer and Knorr procedures for the preparation of quinolines. The analogous processes were developed by applying new synthetic tools such as novel catalysts, the microwave irradiation method, etc., whereas recent innovations in new bond forming reactions have allowed for novel strategies to construct the core structures of 2-quinolones beyond the bond disconnections based on two classical reactions. Over the last few decades, some reviews on structure-based, catalyst-based, and bioactivity-based studies have been released. In this focused review, we extensively surveyed recent examples of one-pot reactions, particularly in view of modular approaches. Thus, the contents are categorized as three major sections (two-, three-, and four-component reactions) according to the number of reagents that ultimately compose atoms of the core structures of 2-quinolones. The collected synthetic methods are discussed from the perspectives of strategy, efficiency, selectivity, and reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Pyo Hong
- School of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Daegu Catholic University, 13-13, Hayang-ro, Hayang-eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk 38430, Korea;
| | - Inji Shin
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Hee Nam Lim
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Research Center, Therapeutics&Biotechnology Division, 141, Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea
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Xu Y, Liu H, Song L. Novel drug delivery systems targeting oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:145. [PMID: 33076918 PMCID: PMC7570055 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is significantly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Combining antioxidant drugs or nutrients results in a noteworthy therapeutic value in animal models of COPD. However, the benefits have not been reproduced in clinical applications, this may be attributed to the limited absorption, concentration, and half-life of exogenous antioxidants. Therefore, novel drug delivery systems to combat oxidative stress in COPD are needed. This review presents a brief insight into the current knowledge on the role of oxidative stress and highlights the recent trends in novel drug delivery carriers that could aid in combating oxidative stress in COPD. The introduction of nanotechnology has enabled researchers to overcome several problems and improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs. Large porous microparticles, and porous nanoparticle-encapsulated microparticles are the most promising carriers for achieving effective pulmonary deposition of inhaled medication and obtaining controlled drug release. However, translating drug delivery systems for administration in pulmonary clinical settings is still in its initial phases.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- You Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, People's Republic of China.
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Tandem chalcone-sulfonamide hybridization, cyclization and further Claisen–Schmidt condensation: Tuning molecular diversity through reaction time and order and catalyst. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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7
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Xu JH, Fan YL, Zhou J. Quinolone-Triazole Hybrids and their Biological Activities. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang Police College; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang Police College; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province; Zhejiang Police College; Hangzhou People's Republic of China
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Montuschi P, Malerba M, Macis G, Mores N, Santini G. Triple inhaled therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1820-1827. [PMID: 27452453 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Combining individual drugs in a single inhaler is the most convenient way to deliver triple therapy. A long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonist (LAMA) added to an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) fixed-dose combination (FDC) can improve efficacy of pharmacological treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). New inhaled ICS/LABA/LAMA FDCs, including fluticasone furoate/vilanterol/umeclidinium, budesonide/formoterol/glycopyrronium and beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium, are in Phase III of clinical development for COPD. Triple inhaled therapy might be particularly useful in patients with severe to very severe COPD, above all in those with peripheral blood or sputum eosinophilia, asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) or frequent exacerbators. Future prospective studies should assess efficacy and safety of triple ICS/LABA/LAMA therapy in selected COPD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Montuschi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mario Malerba
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Macis
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Nadia Mores
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santini
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Agostino Gemelli, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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