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Brindley RL, Bauer MB, Hartley ND, Horning KJ, Currie KP. Sigma-1 receptor ligands inhibit catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells due to block of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Neurochem 2017; 143:171-182. [PMID: 28815595 PMCID: PMC5630514 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal chromaffin cells (ACCs) are the neuroendocrine arm of the sympathetic nervous system and key mediators of the physiological stress response. Acetylcholine (ACh) released from preganglionic splanchnic nerves activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on chromaffin cells causing membrane depolarization, opening voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC), and exocytosis of catecholamines and neuropeptides. The serotonin transporter is expressed in ACCs and interacts with 5-HT1A receptors to control secretion. In addition to blocking the serotonin transporter, some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are also agonists at sigma-1 receptors which function as intracellular chaperone proteins and can translocate to the plasma membrane to modulate ion channels. Therefore, we investigated whether SSRIs and other sigma-1 receptor ligands can modulate stimulus-secretion coupling in ACCs. Escitalopram and fluvoxamine (100 nM to 1 μM) reversibly inhibited nAChR currents. The sigma-1 receptor antagonists NE-100 and BD-1047 also blocked nAChR currents (≈ 50% block at 100 nM) as did PRE-084, a sigma-1 receptor agonist. Block of nAChR currents by fluvoxamine and NE-100 was not additive suggesting a common site of action. VGCC currents were unaffected by the drugs. Neither the increase in cytosolic [Ca2+ ] nor the resulting catecholamine secretion evoked by direct membrane depolarization to bypass nAChRs was altered by fluvoxamine or NE-100. However, both Ca2+ entry and catecholamine secretion evoked by the cholinergic agonist carbachol were significantly reduced by fluvoxamine or NE-100. Together, our data suggest that sigma-1 receptors do not acutely regulate catecholamine secretion. Rather, SSRIs and other sigma-1 receptor ligands inhibit secretion evoked by cholinergic stimulation because of direct block of Ca2+ entry via nAChRs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nolan D. Hartley
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kyle J. Horning
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kevin P.M. Currie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Pharmacology, and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Carneiro SS, Carminati RZ, Freitas FPS, Podratz PL, Balarini CM, Graceli JB, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC, Gava AL. Endogenous female sex hormones delay the development of renal dysfunction in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:176. [PMID: 25422135 PMCID: PMC4280709 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for the development of kidney injury. Considering that female sex hormones may play a preventative role in both cardiovascular and renal diseases, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of female sex hormones on hypercholesterolemia-induced renal dysfunction. Methods Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE) and C57 control female mice underwent an ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery and after 2 months, creatinine clearance, uremia and proteinuria were determined. Renal oxidative stress and lipid deposition were also quantified. Values are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were performed using Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results Creatinine clearance (μL/min) was similar between C57 (171 ± 17) and ApoE (140 ± 26) mice underwent sham surgery. OVX resulted in a reduced glomerular filtration rate in both C57 (112 ± 8, ~ − 35%, p < 0.05) and ApoE (61 ± 10, ~ − 56%, p < 0.05) animals. Plasma levels of urea (mg/dL) were higher in both ApoE groups (Sham: 73 ± 7; OVX: 73 ± 8, p < 0.05) when compared to C57 animals (Sham: 49 ± 3; OVX: 60 ± 4), with no changes among ovariectomized groups. Proteinuria levels (mg/24 h) were similar between C57 (Sham: 25.1 ± 5.7; OVX: 33.7 ± 4.7) and ApoE sham animals (26.4 ± 3.5), however, 24-h urine protein excretion was augmented in ApoE OVX animals (49.6 ± 5.8, p < 0.05). Histological kidney analysis demonstrated that the absence of female sex hormones resulted in increased oxidative stress, which was more severe in ApoE mice (C57 Sham: 9.2 ± 0.4; C57 OVX: 22.9 ± 1.0; ApoE Sham: 13.9 ± 0.7; ApoE OVX: 34.0 ± 1.4 au x 103, p < 0.05). As expected, ApoE mice presented higher lipid deposition, which was not affected by OVX (C57 Sham: 0 ± 0; C57 OVX: 0 ± 0; ApoE Sham: 6.8 ± 1.6; ApoE OVX: 5.2 ± 0.8% x 10−2, p < 0.05). Ovariectomy resulted in a similar reduction in ER-α protein expression in the renal cortex (C57: 0.78 ± 0.04; ApoE: 0.81 ± 0.04 au, p < 0.05) when compared to sham animals (C57:1.00 ± 0.04; ApoE: 1.03 ± 0.03 au). Conclusion Taken together these data indicate that female sex hormones may delay hypercholesterolemia-induced renal dysfunction and emphasizes the importance of plasma cholesterol control in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jones B Graceli
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av Marechal Campos 1468, 29042-755 Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
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Graceli JB, Cicilini MA, Bissoli NS, Abreu GR, Moysés MR. Roles of estrogen and progesterone in modulating renal nerve function in the rat kidney. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:521-7. [PMID: 23828583 PMCID: PMC3854445 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20132666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of extracellular Na+ and Cl- concentrations
in mammals depends, at least in part, on renal function. It has been shown that
neural and endocrine mechanisms regulate extracellular fluid volume and
transport of electrolytes along nephrons. Studies of sex hormones and renal
nerves suggested that sex hormones modulate renal function, although this
relationship is not well understood in the kidney. To better understand the role
of these hormones on the effects that renal nerves have on Na+ and
Cl- reabsorption, we studied the effects of renal denervation and
oophorectomy in female rats. Oophorectomized (OVX) rats received 17β-estradiol
benzoate (OVE, 2.0 mg·kg-1·day-1, sc) and
progesterone (OVP, 1.7 mg·kg-1·day-1,
sc). We assessed Na+ and Cl- fractional
excretion (FENa+ and FECl-, respectively) and renal and plasma catecholamine release concentrations.
FENa+, FECl-, water intake, urinary flow, and renal and plasma catecholamine release
levels increased in OVX vs control rats. These effects were
reversed by 17β-estradiol benzoate but not by progesterone. Renal denervation
did not alter FENa+, FECl-, water intake, or urinary flow values vs controls.
However, the renal catecholamine release level was decreased in the OVP
(236.6±36.1 ng/g) and denervated rat groups (D: 102.1±15.7; ODE: 108.7±23.2;
ODP: 101.1±22.1 ng/g). Furthermore, combining OVX + D (OD: 111.9±25.4) decreased
renal catecholamine release levels compared to either treatment alone. OVE
normalized and OVP reduced renal catecholamine release levels, and the effects
on plasma catecholamine release levels were reversed by ODE and ODP replacement
in OD. These data suggest that progesterone may influence catecholamine release
levels by renal innervation and that there are complex interactions among renal
nerves, estrogen, and progesterone in the modulation of renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Graceli
- Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
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Gomes HL, Graceli JB, Gonçalves WLS, dos Santos RL, Abreu GR, Bissoli NS, Pires JGP, Cicilini MA, Moysés MR. Influence of gender and estrous cycle on plasma and renal catecholamine levels in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:75-82. [PMID: 22217235 DOI: 10.1139/y11-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that gonadal hormones show significant effects on the brain and signaling pathways of effector organs/cells that respond to neurotransmitters. Since little information is available concerning the impact of male and female gonadal hormones on the renal and peripheral sympathetic system, the objective of this study was to further assess whether and how the renal content and plasma concentration of catecholamines are influenced by gender and the estrous cycle in rats. To achieve this, males Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: (i) sham (i.e., control), (ii) gonadectomized, (iii) gonadectomized and nandrolone decanoate replacement at physiological levels or (iv) gonadectomized and nandrolone decanoate replacement at high levels. Female Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: (i) ovariectomized (OVX), (ii) estrogen replacement at physiological levels and (iii) estrogen replacement at at high levels, (iv) progesterone replacement at physiological levels and (v) progesterone replacement at at high levels, and (vi) sham. The sham group was subdivided into four subgroups: (i) proestrus, (ii) estrus, (iii) metaestrus, and (iv) diestrus. Ten days after surgery, the animals were sacrificed and their plasma and renal catecholamine levels measured for intergroup comparisons. Gonadectomy led to an increase in the plasma catecholamine concentration in females, as well as in the renal catecholamine content of both male and female rats. Gonadectomized males also showed a lower level of plasma catecholamine than the controls. The urinary flow, and the fractional excretion of sodium and chloride were significantly increased in gonadectomized males and in the OVX group when compared with their respective sham groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena L Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 29040-755 Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Alm YH, Sukjumlong S, Kindahl H, Dalin AM. Steroid hormone receptors ERalpha and PR characterised by immunohistochemistry in the mare adrenal gland. Acta Vet Scand 2009; 51:31. [PMID: 19624811 PMCID: PMC2727514 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-51-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sex steroid hormone receptors have been identified in the adrenal gland of rat, sheep and rhesus monkey, indicating a direct effect of sex steroids on adrenal gland function. Methods In the present study, immunohistochemistry using two different mouse monoclonal antibodies was employed to determine the presence of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and progesterone receptor (PR) in the mare adrenal gland. Adrenal glands from intact (n = 5) and ovariectomised (OVX) (n = 5) mares, as well as uterine tissue (n = 9), were collected after euthanasia. Three of the OVX mares were treated with a single intramuscular injection of oestradiol benzoate (2.5 mg) 18 – 22 hours prior to euthanasia and tissue collection (OVX+Oe). Uterine tissue was used as a positive control and showed positive staining for both ERalpha and PR. Results ERalpha staining was detected in the adrenal zona glomerulosa, fasciculata and reticularis of all mare groups. Ovariectomy increased cortical ERalpha staining intensity. In OVX mares and one intact mare, positive ERalpha staining was also detected in adrenal medullary cells. PR staining of weak intensity was present in a low proportion of cells in the zona fasciculata and reticularis of all mare groups. Weak PR staining was also found in a high proportion of adrenal medullary cells. In contrast to staining in the adrenal cortex, which was always located within the cell nuclei, medullary staining for both ERalpha and PR was observed only in the cell cytoplasm. Conclusion The present results show the presence of ERalpha in the adrenal cortex, indicating oestradiol may have a direct effect on mare adrenal function. However, further studies are needed to confirm the presence of PR as staining in the present study was only weak and/or minor. Also, any possible effect of oestradiol treatment on the levels of steroid receptors cannot be determined by the present study, as treatment time was of a too short duration.
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Park YS, Ha Choi Y, Park CH, Kim KT. Nongenomic glucocorticoid effects on activity-dependent potentiation of catecholamine release in chromaffin cells. Endocrinology 2008; 149:4921-7. [PMID: 18583423 PMCID: PMC2734489 DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adrenal medulla chromaffin cells are neuroendocrine and modified sympathetic ganglion cells. Catecholamines released from chromaffin cells mediate the fight-or-flight response or alert reaction against dangerous conditions. Here we report that short-term treatment with glucocorticoids, released from adrenal cortex cells in response to chronic stress, inhibits activity-dependent potentiation (ADP) of catecholamine release. First, short-term treatment with dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic glucocorticoid, reduces ADP in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 324.2+/-54.5 nM). The inhibitory effect of DEX is not reversed by RU-486 treatment, suggesting that the rapid inhibitory effect of DEX on ADP of catecholamine release is independent of glucocorticoid receptors. Second, DEX treatment reduces the frequency of fusion between vesicles and plasma membrane without affecting calcium influx. DEX disrupts activity-induced vesicle translocation and F-actin disassembly, thereby leading to inhibition of the vesicle fusion frequency. Third, we provide evidence that DEX reduces F-actin disassembly via inhibiting phosphorylation and translocation of myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate and its upstream kinase protein kinase Cepsilon. Altogether, we suggest that glucocorticoids inhibit ADP of catecholamine release by decreasing myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate phosphorylation, which inhibits F-actin disassembly and vesicle translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Soo Park
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja Dong, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Lam AD, Tryoen-Toth P, Tsai B, Vitale N, Stuenkel EL. SNARE-catalyzed fusion events are regulated by Syntaxin1A-lipid interactions. Mol Biol Cell 2007; 19:485-97. [PMID: 18003982 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e07-02-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane fusion is a process that intimately involves both proteins and lipids. Although the SNARE proteins, which ultimately overcome the energy barrier for fusion, have been extensively studied, regulation of the energy barrier itself, determined by specific membrane lipids, has been largely overlooked. Our findings reveal a novel function for SNARE proteins in reducing the energy barrier for fusion, by directly binding and sequestering fusogenic lipids to sites of fusion. We demonstrate a specific interaction between Syntaxin1A and the fusogenic lipid phosphatidic acid, in addition to multiple polyphosphoinositide lipids, and define a polybasic juxtamembrane region within Syntaxin1A as its lipid-binding domain. In PC-12 cells, Syntaxin1A mutations that progressively reduced lipid binding resulted in a progressive reduction in evoked secretion. Moreover, amperometric analysis of fusion events driven by a lipid-binding-deficient Syntaxin1A mutant (5RK/A) demonstrated alterations in fusion pore dynamics, suggestive of an energetic defect in secretion. Overexpression of the phosphatidic acid-generating enzyme, phospholipase D1, completely rescued the secretory defect seen with the 5RK/A mutant. Moreover, knockdown of phospholipase D1 activity drastically reduced control secretion, while leaving 5RK/A-mediated secretion relatively unaffected. Altogether, these data suggest that Syntaxin1A-lipid interactions are a critical determinant of the energetics of SNARE-catalyzed fusion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice D Lam
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Kim DC, Park YS, Jun DJ, Hur EM, Kim SH, Choi BH, Kim KT. N-(4-Trifluoromethylphenyl)amide group of the synthetic histamine receptor agonist inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated catecholamine secretion. Biochem Pharmacol 2006; 71:670-82. [PMID: 16384551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2005] [Revised: 11/23/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic targeting of nicotinic receptors requires the identification of drugs that selectively activate or inhibit a limited range of nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). In this study, we identified N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amide group of the synthetic histamine receptor ligands, histamine-trifluoromethyltoluide, that act as potent inhibitors of nAChRs in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Catecholamine secretion induced by the nAChRs agonist, 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP), was significantly inhibited by histamine-trifluoromethyltoluide. Real time carbon-fiber amperometry confirmed the ability of histamine-trifluoromethyltoluide to inhibit DMPP-induced exocytosis in single chromaffin cells. We also found that histamine-trifluoromethyltoluide inhibited DMPP-induced [Ca(2+)](i) and [Na(+)](i) increases, as well as DMPP-induced inward currents in the absence of extracellular calcium. Histamine-trifluoromethyltoluide had no effect on [(3)H]nicotine binding or on calcium increases induced by high K(+), bradykinin, veratridine, histamine, and benzoylbenzoyl ATP. Among the synthetic histamine receptor ligands, clobenpropit exhibited similarity. In addition, 4'-nitroacetanilide also significantly attenuated nAChR-mediated catecholamine secretion. In conclusion, the N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amide group of the histamine-trifluoromethyltoluide might be the critical moiety in the inhibition of nAChR-mediated CA secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Chan Kim
- Division of Molecular and Life Science, SBD-NCRC, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
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