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Liu J, Tang F, Chen X, Li Z. Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Incomplete Oculomotor Nerve Palsy after Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Report and Literature Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13040527. [PMID: 37190493 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a severe peripheral neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease characterized by symmetrical progressive limb weakness, which can be accompanied by cranial nerve and sensory disturbances. There is usually a history of bacterial or viral infection prior to onset. GBS is rarely seen after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We report a case of a 66-year-old male patient who presented with dilated pupils, followed by respiratory failure and symmetrical quadriplegia during a conservative treatment for TBI. He was eventually diagnosed with GBS and was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, followed by rehabilitation therapy with a good recovery. We summarize previous similar cases and analyze possible causes. It is suggested that the possibility of GBS should be considered when unexplained symptoms occurred in patients with TBI, such as respiratory failure, dilated pupils, and limb weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xinjun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430062, China
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2
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Poppell M, Hammel G, Ren Y. Immune Regulatory Functions of Macrophages and Microglia in Central Nervous System Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5925. [PMID: 36982999 PMCID: PMC10059890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages can be characterized as a very multifunctional cell type with a spectrum of phenotypes and functions being observed spatially and temporally in various disease states. Ample studies have now demonstrated a possible causal link between macrophage activation and the development of autoimmune disorders. How these cells may be contributing to the adaptive immune response and potentially perpetuating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and neural injuries is not fully understood. Within this review, we hope to illustrate the role that macrophages and microglia play as initiators of adaptive immune response in various CNS diseases by offering evidence of: (1) the types of immune responses and the processes of antigen presentation in each disease, (2) receptors involved in macrophage/microglial phagocytosis of disease-related cell debris or molecules, and, finally, (3) the implications of macrophages/microglia on the pathogenesis of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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3
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Kumaria A, Robertson IJA, Tolias CM. Autoimmunity following traumatic brain injury: hypopituitarism and beyond. Br J Neurosurg 2021; 35:796. [DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2019.1645300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Kumaria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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4
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Needham EJ, Stoevesandt O, Thelin EP, Zetterberg H, Zanier ER, Al Nimer F, Ashton NJ, Outtrim JG, Newcombe VFJ, Mousa HS, Simrén J, Blennow K, Yang Z, Hutchinson PJ, Piehl F, Helmy AE, Taussig MJ, Wang KKW, Jones JL, Menon DK, Coles AJ. Complex Autoantibody Responses Occur following Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:90-100. [PMID: 34145056 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Most of the variation in outcome following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unexplained by currently recognized prognostic factors. Neuroinflammation may account for some of this difference. We hypothesized that TBI generated variable autoantibody responses between individuals that would contribute to outcome. We developed a custom protein microarray to detect autoantibodies to both CNS and systemic Ags in serum from the acute-phase (the first 7 d), late (6-12 mo), and long-term (6-13 y) intervals after TBI in human patients. We identified two distinct patterns of immune response to TBI. The first was a broad response to the majority of Ags tested, predominantly IgM mediated in the acute phase, then IgG dominant at late and long-term time points. The second was responses to specific Ags, most frequently myelin-associated glycopeptide (MAG), which persisted for several months post-TBI but then subsequently resolved. Exploratory analyses suggested that patients with a greater acute IgM response experienced worse outcomes than predicted from current known risk factors, suggesting a direct or indirect role in worsening outcome. Furthermore, late persistence of anti-MAG IgM autoantibodies correlated with raised serum neurofilament light concentrations at these time points, suggesting an association with ongoing neurodegeneration over the first year postinjury. Our results show that autoantibody production occurs in some individuals following TBI, can persist for many years, and is associated with worse patient outcome. The complexity of responses means that conventional approaches based on measuring responses to single antigenic targets may be misleading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Needham
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; .,Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eric P Thelin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neurovascular Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.,United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- Dipartimento di Ricerca Neuroscienze, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Faiez Al Nimer
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Joanne G Outtrim
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Virginia F J Newcombe
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Hani S Mousa
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joel Simrén
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Zhihui Yang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida, McKnight Brain Institute
| | - Peter J Hutchinson
- Division of Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fredrik Piehl
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Adel E Helmy
- Division of Academic Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mike J Taussig
- Cambridge Protein Arrays Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin K W Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics and Biomarker Research, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Florida, McKnight Brain Institute
| | - Joanne L Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David K Menon
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; and
| | - Alasdair J Coles
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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5
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The immunological response to traumatic brain injury. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 332:112-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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6
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Hergenroeder GW, Redell JB, Choi HA, Schmitt L, Donovan W, Francisco GE, Schmitt K, Moore AN, Dash PK. Increased Levels of Circulating Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein and Collapsin Response Mediator Protein-2 Autoantibodies in the Acute Stage of Spinal Cord Injury Predict the Subsequent Development of Neuropathic Pain. J Neurotrauma 2018; 35:2530-2539. [PMID: 29774780 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain develops in 40-70% of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and markedly compromises quality of life. We examined plasma from SCI patients for autoantibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and collapsin response mediator protein-2 (CRMP2) and evaluated their relationship to the development of neuropathic pain. In study 1, plasma samples and clinical data from 80 chronic SCI patients (1-41 years post-SCI) were collected and screened for GFAP autoantibodies (GFAPab). Results from study 1 indicated that GFAPab were present in 34 of 80 (42.5%) patients, but circulating levels did not correlate with the occurrence of neuropathic pain. In study 2, longitudinal plasma samples and clinical data were collected from 38 acute SCI patients. The level of GFAPab measured at 16 ± 7 days post-SCI was found to be significantly higher in patients that subsequently developed neuropathic pain (within 6 months post-SCI) than patients who did not (T = 219; p = 0.02). In study 3, we identified CRMP2 as an autoantibody target (CRMP2ab) in 23% of acute SCI patients. The presence of GFAPab and/or CRMP2ab increased the odds of subsequently developing neuropathic pain within 6 months of injury by 9.5 times (p = 0.006). Our results suggest that if a causal link can be established between these autoantibodies and the development of neuropathic pain, strategies aimed at reducing the circulating levels of these autoantibodies may have therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgene W Hergenroeder
- 1 The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,2 Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,3 Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center , Houston, Texas
| | - John B Redell
- 2 Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas
| | - H Alex Choi
- 1 The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,3 Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Lisa Schmitt
- 1 The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,3 Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center , Houston, Texas
| | - William Donovan
- 3 Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center , Houston, Texas.,4 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,5 TIRR-Memorial Hermann , Houston, Texas
| | - Gerard E Francisco
- 3 Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center , Houston, Texas.,4 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,5 TIRR-Memorial Hermann , Houston, Texas
| | - Karl Schmitt
- 1 The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,3 Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center , Houston, Texas.,5 TIRR-Memorial Hermann , Houston, Texas
| | - Anthony N Moore
- 2 Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas
| | - Pramod K Dash
- 1 The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas.,2 Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) , Houston, Texas
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7
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Identification of autoantibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein in spinal cord injury patients. Neuroreport 2016; 27:90-3. [PMID: 26629661 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating injury causing significant morbidity and mortality. Experimental studies have demonstrated that SCI induced cellular damage and disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier can initiate an autoimmune response. This response is thought to be pathogenic and contribute to poor outcome. The objective of this research was to investigate whether human SCI mounts an autoimmune response to self-antigens. Plasma samples were collected longitudinally from SCI patients (n=18) at acute (T1, <48 h) and subacute (T2, 2-4 weeks) time points to probe western blots of human brain homogenates in order to screen patients for the presence of putative autoantibodies. To identify the corresponding antigens, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, western blot and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses were performed. We found that four of 18 patients (22%) had novel immunoreactive bands ranging in size from 36 to 42 kDa present in subacute, but not in acute, plasma samples suggesting postinjury production. To identify the cross-reacting antigens, we separated brain proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified nine immunoreactive spots. Amino acid sequence analysis of these spots identified peptides that mapped to glial fibrillary acidic protein. Our results suggest that ∼ 22% of SCI patients generated autoantibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein. Future studies will be required to determine whether these autoantibodies contribute to the pathogenic sequelae of SCI.
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8
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Palmers I, Ydens E, Put E, Depreitere B, Bongers-Janssen H, Pickkers P, Hendrix S, Somers V. Antibody profiling identifies novel antigenic targets in spinal cord injury patients. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:243. [PMID: 27618915 PMCID: PMC5020527 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence implicates antibody responses as pivotal damaging factors in spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced neuroinflammation. To date, only a limited number of the antibody targets have been uncovered, and the discovery of novel targets with pathologic and clinical relevance still represents a major challenge. Methods In this study, we, therefore, applied an unbiased, innovative and powerful strategy, called serological antigen selection (SAS), to fully identify the complex information present within the antibody repertoire of SCI patients. Results We constructed a high-quality cDNA phage display library derived from human spinal cord tissue to screen for antibody reactivity in pooled plasma samples from traumatic SCI patients (n = 10, identification cohort). By performing SAS, we identified a panel of 19 antigenic targets to which the individual samples of the plasma pool showed antibody reactivity. Sequence analysis to identify the selected antigenic targets uncovered 5 known proteins, to which antibody reactivity has not been associated with SCI before, as well as linear peptides. Immunoreactivity against 9 of the 19 novel identified targets was validated in 41 additional SCI patients and an equal number of age- and gender-matched healthy subjects. Overall, we found elevated antibody levels to at least 1 of the 9 targets in 51 % of our total SCI patient cohort (n = 51) with a specificity of 73 %. By combining 6 of these 9 targets into a panel, an overall reactivity of approximately half of the SCI patients could be maintained while increasing the specificity to 82 %. Conclusions In conclusion, our innovative high-throughput approach resulted in the identification of previously unexplored antigenic targets with elevated immunoreactivity in more than 50 % of the SCI patients. Characterization of the validated antibody responses and their targets will not only provide new insight into the underlying disease processes of SCI pathology but also significantly contribute to uncovering potential antibody biomarkers for SCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Palmers
- Biomedical Research Institute and transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Elke Ydens
- Biomedical Research Institute and transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Eric Put
- Department Neurosurgery, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bart Depreitere
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Pickkers
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud University, Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Hendrix
- Biomedical Research Institute and transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Veerle Somers
- Biomedical Research Institute and transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, Hasselt, Belgium.
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Brennan FH, Lee JD, Ruitenberg MJ, Woodruff TM. Therapeutic targeting of complement to modify disease course and improve outcomes in neurological conditions. Semin Immunol 2016; 28:292-308. [PMID: 27049459 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recognition that complement proteins are abundantly present and can have pathological roles in neurological conditions offers broad scope for therapeutic intervention. Accordingly, an increasing number of experimental investigations have explored the potential of harnessing the unique activation pathways, proteases, receptors, complexes, and natural inhibitors of complement, to mitigate pathology in acute neurotrauma and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review mechanisms of complement activation in the central nervous system (CNS), and explore the effects of complement inhibition in cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. We consider the challenges and opportunities arising from these studies. As complement therapies approach clinical translation, we provide perspectives on how promising complement-targeted therapeutics could become part of novel and effective future treatment options to improve outcomes in the initiation and progression stages of these debilitating CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith H Brennan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - John D Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Marc J Ruitenberg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; Trauma, Critical Care and Recovery, Brisbane Diamantina Health Partners, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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Chenouard A, Chesneau M, Braza F, Dejoie T, Cinotti R, Roquilly A, Brouard S, Asehnoune K. Phenotype and functions of B cells in patients with acute brain injuries. Mol Immunol 2015; 68:350-6. [PMID: 26364142 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain injuries (BI) induce a state of systemic immunosuppression, leading to a high risk of pneumonia. In this pilot study, we investigated the status of B cell compartment in BI patients. METHODS A prospective observational study was performed in 2 intensive care units in a university hospital. Blood samples were collected in 14 patients at day 1 and day 7 after acute BI. The phenotype and the ability of B cells to secrete IL-10 were compared to 11 healthy volunteers (HV). RESULTS Among the circulating lymphocytes, the frequency of B cells was significantly higher in BI patients compared to HV (p<0.001). B cells from BI patients displayed an activated profil on day 7 after BI, reflected by a significantly higher proportion of CD27(+) memory (p=0.01) and CD27(+) IgD(-) switched memory B cells (p=0.02), as well as a significantly higher blood level of IgA (p=0.001) and IgM (p<0.001) as compared to day 1. The frequency of IL-10 secreting B cells (IL-10(+) B cells) on day 1 and day 7 was significantly lower in BI patients compared to HV (p<0.05). Interestingly, we observed that all BI patients with high frequency of IL-10(+) B cells on day 1 displayed an episode of pneumonia, and had a longer duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay compared to BI patients with low proportion of IL-10(+) B cells. CONCLUSION This study provides an extensive description of the phenotype and function of B cells in BI patients. Our results suggest that IL-10(+) B cells could play a major role in immunosuppression after BI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Chenouard
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes F-44093, France; CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes F-44093, France
| | - Mélanie Chesneau
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes F-44093, France; CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes F-44093, France
| | - Faouzi Braza
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes F-44093, France; CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes F-44093, France
| | - Thomas Dejoie
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Raphael Cinotti
- Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Roquilly
- Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France; Thérapeutiques Cliniques et Expérimentales des Infections, EA 3826 Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- INSERM, UMR 1064, Nantes F-44093, France; CHU de Nantes, ITUN, Nantes F-44093, France; CIC biothérapie, Nantes F-44035, France
| | - Karim Asehnoune
- Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France; Thérapeutiques Cliniques et Expérimentales des Infections, EA 3826 Nantes, France.
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11
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A DeMarshall C, Sarkar A, G Nagele R. Serum Autoantibodies as Biomarkers for Parkinsons Disease: Background and Utility. AIMS MEDICAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/medsci.2015.4.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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12
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Fraussen J, Claes N, de Bock L, Somers V. Targets of the humoral autoimmune response in multiple sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 13:1126-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Zhang B, Gensel J. Is neuroinflammation in the injured spinal cord different than in the brain? Examining intrinsic differences between the brain and spinal cord. Exp Neurol 2014; 258:112-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Wootla B, Denic A, Warrington AE, Rodriguez M. Need for a paradigm shift in therapeutic approaches to CNS injury. Expert Rev Neurother 2012; 12:409-20. [PMID: 22449213 DOI: 10.1586/ern.12.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Irreversible damage to the nervous system can result from many causes including trauma, disruption of blood supply, pathogen infection or neurodegenerative disease. Common features following CNS injury include a disruption of axons, neuron death and injury, local B-cell and microglial activation, and the synthesis of pathogenic autoantibodies. CNS injury results in a pervasive inhibitory microenvironment that hinders regeneration. Current approaches to eliminate the inhibitory environment have met with limited success. These results argue for a paradigm shift in therapeutic approaches to CNS injury. Targeting CNS cells (neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes) themselves may drive CNS repair. For example, our group and others have demonstrated that autoreactive antibodies can participate in aspects of CNS regeneration, including remyelination. We have developed recombinant autoreactive natural human IgM antibodies with the therapeutic potential for CNS repair in several neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Wootla
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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15
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Avidity of anti-neurocytoskeletal antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2012; 57:415-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12223-012-0105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins as Indicators of Differentiation and the Functional State of Nerve Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11055-012-9556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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17
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Ankeny DP, Popovich PG. B cells and autoantibodies: complex roles in CNS injury. Trends Immunol 2010; 31:332-8. [PMID: 20691635 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging data indicate that traumatic injury to the brain or spinal cord activates B lymphocytes, culminating in the production of antibodies specific for antigens found within and outside the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we summarize what is known about the effects of CNS injury on B cells. We outline the potential mechanisms for CNS trauma-induced B cell activation and discuss the potential consequences of these injury-induced B cell responses. On the basis of recent data, we hypothesize that a subset of autoimmune B cell responses initiated by CNS injury are pathogenic and that targeted inhibition of B cells could improve recovery in cases of brain and spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Ankeny
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Medical Center, 460W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Huizinga R, Hintzen RQ, Assink K, van Meurs M, Amor S. T-cell responses to neurofilament light protein are part of the normal immune repertoire. Int Immunol 2009; 21:433-41. [PMID: 19240089 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxp011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which axonal damage and degeneration contribute significantly to the progressive irreversible neurological disability. Similar to pathogenic myelin autoimmunity, autoimmune responses to neuronal antigens may contribute to axonal damage and irreversible disability in MS. Auto-antibodies to the axonal cytoskeletal protein neurofilament light (NF-L) are associated with cerebral atrophy in MS and we have recently reported that NF-L autoimmunity is pathogenic in mice. However, the T-cell response to NF-L in MS patients has not been examined. Here, we identify and characterize T-cell proliferative responses to NF-L as compared with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in MS patients and healthy controls. Using a carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dilution assay, we show that while responses to MOG are dominated by CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells, responses to NF-L were observed in both CD3(+)CD4(+) and CD3(+)CD8(+) T-cell populations. Both MOG- and NF-L-reactive cells expressed CD45RO(+), indicative of a memory phenotype. Moreover, in contrast to MOG stimulation which predominantly induced IFN-gamma, both T(h)1- and T(h)2-type T-cell responses to NF-L were observed as indicated by the induction of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha as well as IL-4. The finding of T-cell responses to NF-L in MS patients may reflect transient activation of pathogenic potential but their presence also in healthy controls indicates that these cells are part of the normal immune repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Huizinga
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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Švarcová J, Fialová L, Bartoš A, Šteinbachová M, Malbohan I. Cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to tubulin are elevated in the patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15:1173-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Huizinga R, Heijmans N, Schubert P, Gschmeissner S, 't Hart BA, Herrmann H, Amor S. Immunization with neurofilament light protein induces spastic paresis and axonal degeneration in Biozzi ABH mice. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2007; 66:295-304. [PMID: 17413320 DOI: 10.1097/nen.0b013e318040ad5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Axonal damage is the major cause of irreversible neurologic disability in patients with multiple sclerosis. Although axonal damage correlates with antibodies against neurofilament light (NF-L) protein, a major component of the axonal cytoskeleton, the possible pathogenic role of autoimmunity to axonal antigens such as NF-L has so far been ignored. Here we show that Biozzi ABH mice immunized with NF-L protein develop neurologic disease characterized by spastic paresis and paralysis concomitant with axonal degeneration and inflammation primarily in the dorsal column of the spinal cord. The inflammatory central nervous system lesions were dominated by F4/80+ macrophages/microglia and relatively low numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. In splenocyte cultures, proliferation to NF-L was observed in CD4+ T-cells accompanied by the production of the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma. Elevated levels of circulating antibodies recognizing recombinant mouse NF-L were present in the serum, and immunoglobulin deposits were observed within axons in spinal cord lesions of mice exhibiting clinical disease. These data provide evidence that autoimmunity to NF-L protein induces axonal degeneration and clinical neurologic disease in mice, indicating that autoimmunity to axonal antigens, as described in multiple sclerosis, may be pathogenic rather than acting merely as a surrogate marker for axonal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Huizinga
- Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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