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Cao W, Ji Z, Zhu S, Wang M, Sun R. Bioinformatic identification and experiment validation reveal 6 hub genes, promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:6. [PMID: 38167011 PMCID: PMC10763315 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that can cause dementia. We aim to screen out the hub genes involved in AD based on microarray datasets. METHODS Gene expression profiles GSE5281 and GSE28146 were retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus database to acquire differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment were conducted using DAVID online tool. The STRING database and Cytoscape tools were employed to analyze protein-protein interactions and identify hub genes. The predictive value of hub genes was assessed by principal component analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves. AD mice model was constructed, and histology was then observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Gene expression levels were finally determined by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS We obtained 197 overlapping DEGs from GSE5281 and GSE28146 datasets. After constructing protein-protein interaction network, three highly interconnected clusters were identified and 6 hub genes (RBL1, BUB1, HDAC7, KAT5, SIRT2, and ITGB1) were selected. The hub genes could be used as basis to predict AD. Histological abnormalities of brain were observed, suggesting successful AD model was constructed. Compared with the control group, the mRNA expression levels of RBL1, BUB1, HDAC7, KAT5 and SIRT2 were significantly increased, while the mRNA expression level of ITGB1 was significantly decreased in AD groups. CONCLUSION RBL1, BUB1, HDAC7, KAT5, SIRT2 and ITGB1 are promising gene signatures for diagnosis and therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Cao
- Department of Neurology Second Ward, Zibo Municipal Hospital, No. 139, Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, 255400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhangge Ji
- Department of Neurology Second Ward, Zibo Municipal Hospital, No. 139, Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, 255400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shoulian Zhu
- Department of Neurology Second Ward, Zibo Municipal Hospital, No. 139, Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, 255400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zibo Municipal Hospital, No. 139, Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, 255400, Shandong Province, China
| | - Runming Sun
- Department of Neurology Second Ward, Zibo Municipal Hospital, No. 139, Huangong Road, Linzi District, Zibo City, 255400, Shandong Province, China.
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2
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Liang Q, Wang B, Zhang C, Song C, Wang J, Sun W, Jiang L, Lin J. EZH2-regulated PARP-1 Expression is a Likely Mechanism for the Chemoresistance of Gliomas to Temozolomide. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:328-339. [PMID: 37594167 DOI: 10.2174/1568009623666230818151830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemoresistance in gliomas accounts for the major cause of tumor progress and recurrence during comprehensive treatment with alkylating agents including temozolomide (TMZ). The oncogenic role of Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been identified in many solid malignancies including gliomas, though the accurate effect of EZH2 on chemotherapy resistance of gliomas has been elusive. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the role of EHZ2 on TMZ resistance of gliomas and the molecular mechanisms. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR, and western blot assay were performed for expressional analysis. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was applied to determine the TMZ sensitivity. EZH2-silencing lentivirus was generated for mechanic study. RESULTS EZH2 was overexpressed in gliomas both at the transcriptional and protein levels. EZH2 level in glioma cell lines was positively correlated with resistance to TMZ, represented by the 50% inhibition rate (IC50). Moreover, there was increased TMZ sensitivity in EZH2-inhibited glioma cells than in the control cells. Furthermore, we determined that PARP1 was a common molecule among the downregulated DNA repair proteins in both U251 and U87 glioma cell lines after EZH2 inhibition. Specifically, we observed a spontaneous increase of PARP1 expression with TMZ treatment and interestingly, the increase of PARP1 could be also reduced by EZH2 inhibition in the glioma cells. Finally, combined treatment with lentivirus-induced EZH2 inhibition and a PARP1 inhibitor dramatically enhanced TMZ cytotoxicity compared with either one alone. CONCLUSION EZH2-PARP-1 signaling axis is possibly responsible for the chemoresistance of gliomas to TMZ. Simultaneously inhibiting these two genes may improve the outcome of TMZ chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 452 Hospital of Western Air Force, Chengdu, 600021, China
| | - Chenran Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chaoli Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 452 Hospital of Western Air Force, Chengdu, 600021, China
| | - Junyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 452 Hospital of Western Air Force, Chengdu, 600021, China
- Department of Health Statistics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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3
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Chen J, Zhuang W, Xia Y, Yin X, Tu M, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Huang H, Zhang S, You L, Huang Y. Construction and validation of a novel IGFBP3-related signature to predict prognosis and therapeutic decision making for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15554. [PMID: 37397026 PMCID: PMC10312159 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IGFBP3 plays a pivotal role in carcinogenesis by being anomalously expressed in some malignancies. However, the clinical value of IGFBP3 and the role of IGFBP3-related signature in HCC remain unclear. Methods Multiple bioinformatics methods were used to determine the expression and diagnostic values of IGFBP3. The expression level of IGFBP3 was validated by RT-qPCR and IHC. A IGFBP3-related risk score (IGRS) was built via correlation analysis and LASSO Cox regression analysis. Further analyses, including functional enrichment, immune status of risk groups were analyzed, and the role of IGRS in guiding clinical treatment was also evaluated. Results IGFBP3 expression was significantly downregulated in HCC. IGFBP3 expression correlated with multiple clinicopathological characteristics and demonstrated a powerful diagnostic capability for HCC. In addition, a novel IGRS signature was developed in TCGA, which exhibited good performance for prognosis prediction and its role was further validated in GSE14520. In TCGA and GSE14520, Cox analysis also confirmed that the IGRS could serve as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Moreover, a nomogram with good accuracy for predicting the survival of HCC was further formulated. Additionally, enrichment analysis showed that the high-IGRS group was enriched in cancer-related pathways and immune-related pathways. Additionally, patients with high IGRS exhibited an immunosuppressive phenotype. Therefore, patients with low IGRS scores may benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusions IGFBP3 can act as a new diagnostic factor for HCC. IGRS signature represents a valuable predictive tool in the prognosis prediction and therapeutic decision making for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wanzhen Zhuang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Tu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
| | - Yi Zhang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
| | - Liangming Zhang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
| | - Hengbin Huang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
| | - Songgao Zhang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
| | - Lisheng You
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, china
- Central Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Center for Experimental Research in Clinical Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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4
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Özdemir Ö, Marinelli L, Cacciatore I, Ciulla M, Emsen B, Di Stefano A, Mardinoglu A, Turkez H. Anticancer effects of novel NSAIDs derivatives on cultured human glioblastoma cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 76:329-335. [PMID: 32889798 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiologic, clinical and experimental reports indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) could have a potential as anticancer agents. The aim of this study was the evaluation of cytotoxic potential in human glioblastoma cells of novel synthesized NSAID derivatives, obtained by linking, through a spacer, α-lipoic acid (ALA) to anti-inflammatory drugs, such as naproxen (AL-3, 11 and 17), flurbiprofen (AL-6, 13 and 19) and ibuprofen (AL-9, 15 and 21). The effects on the level of gene expression were also determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. According to our results, NSAID derivatives exhibited concentration dependent cytotoxic effects on U87-MG cell line when compared with the control group. Moreover, treatment of the most active compounds (AL-3, AL-6 and AL-9) caused upregulation of tumor suppressor gene PTEN and downregulation of some oncogenes such as AKT1, RAF1 and EGFR. In conclusion, our results revealed that AL-3, AL-6 and AL-9 could be suitable candidates for further investigation to develop new pharmacological strategies for the prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Özdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacology, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacology, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Ciulla
- Department of Pharmacology, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Bugrahan Emsen
- Department of Biology, Kamil Özdağ Faculty of Science, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | | | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17121, Sweden
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Pharmacology, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
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5
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Zhang M, Jin X, Li J, Tian Y, Wang Q, Li X, Xu J, Li Y, Li X. CeRNASeek: an R package for identification and analysis of ceRNA regulation. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:5828126. [PMID: 32363380 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) represents a novel layer of gene regulation that controls both physiological and pathological processes. However, there is still lack of computational tools for quickly identifying ceRNA regulation. To address this problem, we presented an R-package, CeRNASeek, which allows identifying and analyzing ceRNA-ceRNA interactions by integration of multiple-omics data. CeRNASeek integrates six widely used computational methods to identify ceRNA-ceRNA interactions, including two global and four context-specific ceRNA regulation prediction methods. In addition, it provides several downstream analyses for predicted ceRNA-ceRNA pairs, including regulatory network analysis, functional annotation and survival analysis. With examples of cancer-related ceRNA prioritization and cancer subtyping, we demonstrate that CeRNASeek is a valuable tool for investigating the function of ceRNAs in complex diseases. In summary, CeRNASeek provides a comprehensive and efficient tool for identifying and analysis of ceRNA regulation. The package is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=CeRNASeek.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Xiyun Jin
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Junyi Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Yi Tian
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Xinhui Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology at Harbin Medical University, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, China
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6
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Yao D, Cui H, Zhou S, Guo L. Morin inhibited lung cancer cells viability, growth, and migration by suppressing miR-135b and inducing its target CCNG2. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317712443. [PMID: 28975847 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317712443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most severe threats with the highest mortality rate to humans in the world. Recently, morin has been reported to have anti-tumor properties observed in several types of cancers. However, its mechanism is still unclear. We assessed the influences of morin on cell viability, colony formation, and migration ability of A549 and employed microRNA array to identify the microRNAs affected by morin. We found that morin-treated A549 cells showed statistically decreased cell viability, colony formation, and migration rate when comparing with the dimethyl sulfoxide-treated cells. Microarray results showed that with the treatment of morin, the expression level of miR-135b significantly reduced compared the control group, suggesting that morin may exert its anti-cancer property by suppressing the expression of miR-135b. In addition, we found a potential binding site of miR-135b within 3' untranslated region of CCNG2-encoding cyclin homolog cyclin-G2. We evidenced that miR-135b directly targets CCNG2, which could be a potential biomarker of lung cancer prognosis. Morin exerts its anti-tumor function via downregulating the expression of miR-135b that directly targets and represses CCNG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Yao
- 1 Department of Quality Control, Affiliated Second Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Hujun Cui
- 2 Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shufen Zhou
- 3 Department of Gerontology, Affiliated Second Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Ling Guo
- 4 Department of Pathology, Affiliated Second Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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7
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Yan J, Yang X, Li L, Liu P, Wu H, Liu Z, Li Q, Liao G, Wang X. Low expression levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 are correlated with poor prognosis for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3395-3402. [PMID: 28521445 PMCID: PMC5431398 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) has previously been identified as a putative tumor suppressor gene. The present study investigated the clinical and prognostic significance of IGFBP-3 expression levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) probing for IGFBP-3 was performed on paraffin-embedded tissue samples obtained from 120 patients with HCC, including tissue samples from 120 primary cancer sites and 50 matched adjacent non-malignant sites. Receiver-operator curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the cut-off scores for the presence of IGFBP-3-positive tumor cells and to estimate the survival time of the patients. The threshold for marking the positive expression of IGFBP-3 was 65%, based on the area under the ROC. Positive expression of IGFBP-3 was observed in 65/120 (54.2%) of the HCC tissues, and in 36/50 (72%) of the adjacent non-malignant liver tissues. Low levels of IGFBP-3 expression were correlated with tumor size (P=0.003), tumor multiplicity (P=0.044), node (P=0.008), metastasis (P=0.001) and clinical stage (P=0.001), as well as reduced survival time (P=0.015). Using univariate survival analysis, a significant direct correlation between high and low IGFBP-3 expression levels, and patient survival time (mean survival time high IGFBP-3, 39.4 vs. low IGFBP-3, 18.7 months) was identified. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that IGFBP-3 expression levels and patients survival time were significantly correlated (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed IGFBP-3 expression to be an independent parameter (P=0.003). Therefore, low levels of IGFBP-3 expression are associated with advance clinicopathological classification and may be a predictor of poor survival in patients with HCC. Furthermore, these findings suggest that IGFBP-3 may serve as an independent molecular marker for the evaluation of prognosis in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Xinzheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Scientific Research, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Pengtao Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Honghui Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Zhanao Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Qingyi Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Guozhen Liao
- Department of Scientific Research, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Xi'an Medical College, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710309, P.R. China
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8
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Xu M, Zhang Y, Cheng H, Liu Y, Zou X, Zhan N, Xiao S, Xia Y. Transcription factor 7-like 1 dysregulates keratinocyte differentiation through upregulating lipocalin 2. Cell Death Discov 2016; 2:16028. [PMID: 27551519 PMCID: PMC4979464 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2016.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies strongly suggested that transcription factor 7-like 1 (Tcf7l1, also known as Tcf3) is involved in the differentiation of several types of cells, and demonstrated that Tcf7l1 modulates keratinocytes physiologically through regulating lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a key regulator of cell differentiation. To reveal the potential role of Tcf7l1 in the dysregulation of keratinocyte differentiation, both Tcf7l1 and LCN2 were determined in a variety of skin disorders. The in vitro effect of Tcf7l1 on keratinocyte differentiation was studied by culturing SCC-13 cells, and the human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs) that were transfected with vectors for overexpressing human papillomavirus E6/E7 or Tcf7l1 genes. We found that both Tcf7l1 and LCN2 were highly expressed in those diseases characterized by defective keratinocyte differentiation (especially psoriasis vulgaris, condyloma acuminatum, squamous cell carcinoma, etc). Moreover, compared with control HFKs, SCC-13 cells and E6/E7-harboring HFKs expressed more Tcf7l1 and LCN2. Tcf7l1 siRNA transfection decreased LCN2 but increased involucrin and loricrin in HFKs under calcium stimuli. Conversely, Tcf7l1 overexpression in SCC-13 cells or vector-transfected HFKs induced lower involucrin and loricrin expression and less keratinocyte apoptosis, both of which, however, were partially abrogated by LCN2 siRNA or neutralizing anti-LCN2 antibody. Interestingly, the Tcf7l1 expression in HFKs correlated positively with the MMP-2 level, and the inhibition of MMP-2 decreased the LCN2 level and even attenuated the effect of Tcf7l1 on LCN2 expression. Therefore, Tcf7l1 dysregulates keratinocyte differentiation, possibly through upregulating the LCN2 pathway in an MMP-2 mediated manner. Elucidating the interaction between Tcf7l1 and LCN2 may help understand disordered cell differentiation in some skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, China Gezhouba Group Central Hospital, The Third Clinical Medical College of China Three Gorges University , Yichang, China
| | - H Cheng
- Department of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710004, China
| | - X Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Hubei Maternity and Child Health Hospital , Wuhan, China
| | - N Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan, China
| | - S Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710004, China
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9
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Hasegawa S, Nagano H, Konno M, Eguchi H, Tomokuni A, Tomimaru Y, Wada H, Hama N, Kawamoto K, Kobayashi S, Marubashi S, Nishida N, Koseki J, Gotoh N, Ohno S, Yabuta N, Nojima H, Mori M, Doki Y, Ishii H. Cyclin G2: A novel independent prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2986-2990. [PMID: 26722276 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike other cyclins that positively regulate the cell cycle, cyclin G2 (CCNG2) regulates cell proliferation as a tumor suppressor gene. A decreased CCNG2 expression serves as a marker for poor prognosis in several types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to clarify the correlation of CCNG2 expression with overall survival and histopathological factors in pancreatic cancer patients. This retrospective analysis included data from 36 consecutive patients who underwent complete surgical resection for pancreatic cancer and did not undergo any preoperative therapies. The association between prognoses and the expression of CCNG2 was assessed using immunohistochemical staining. Multivariate analysis identified that the expression of CCNG2 is an independent prognostic factor. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier curve for overall survival revealed that decreased expression of CCNG2 was a consistent indicator of poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients (P=0.0198). A decreased CCNG2 expression significantly correlated with venous invasion in tumor specimens and the tumor invasion depth. In conclusion, CCNG2 expression inversely reflected cancer progression and may be a novel, independent prognostic marker in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Hasegawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan ; Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Konno
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akira Tomokuni
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Hama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Kawamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Marubashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naohiro Nishida
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohno
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norikazu Yabuta
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nojima
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan ; Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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10
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Lin X, Zhao Y, Song WM, Zhang B. Molecular classification and prediction in gastric cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2015; 13:448-58. [PMID: 26380657 PMCID: PMC4556804 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, a highly heterogeneous disease, is the second leading cause of cancer death and the fourth most common cancer globally, with East Asia accounting for more than half of cases annually. Alongside TNM staging, gastric cancer clinic has two well-recognized classification systems, the Lauren classification that subdivides gastric adenocarcinoma into intestinal and diffuse types and the alternative World Health Organization system that divides gastric cancer into papillary, tubular, mucinous (colloid), and poorly cohesive carcinomas. Both classification systems enable a better understanding of the histogenesis and the biology of gastric cancer yet have a limited clinical utility in guiding patient therapy due to the molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancer. Unprecedented whole-genome-scale data have been catalyzing and advancing the molecular subtyping approach. Here we cataloged and compared those published gene expression profiling signatures in gastric cancer. We summarized recent integrated genomic characterization of gastric cancer based on additional data of somatic mutation, chromosomal instability, EBV virus infection, and DNA methylation. We identified the consensus patterns across these signatures and identified the underlying molecular pathways and biological functions. The identification of molecular subtyping of gastric adenocarcinoma and the development of integrated genomics approaches for clinical applications such as prediction of clinical intervening emerge as an essential phase toward personalized medicine in treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Lin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, No. 420 Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, PR China
| | - Yongzhong Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
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11
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He H, Yao M, Zhang W, Tao B, Liu F, Li S, Dong Y, Zhang C, Meng Y, Li Y, Hu G, Luo C, Zong H, Lu Y. MEK2 is a prognostic marker and potential chemo-sensitizing target for glioma patients undergoing temozolomide treatment. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 13:658-68. [PMID: 26189368 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma, it is often non-curative due to drug resistance. To overcome the resistance of glioblastoma cells to TMZ, it is imperative to identify prognostic markers for outcome prediction and to develop chemo-sensitizing agents. Here, the gene expression profiles of TMZ-resistant and TMZ-sensitive samples were compared by microarray analysis, and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (MEK2) was upregulated specifically in resistant glioma cells but not in sensitive tumor cells or non-tumor tissues. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of patient data revealed that the increased level of MEK2 expression correlated well with the advancement of glioma grade and worse prognosis in response to TMZ treatment. Furthermore, reducing the level of MEK2 in U251 glioma cell lines or xenografted glioma models through shRNA-mediated gene knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced the sensitivity of cells toward TMZ treatment. Further analysis of tumor samples from glioma patients by real-time PCR indicated that an increased MEK2 expression level was closely associated with the activation of many drug resistance genes. Finally, these resistance genes were downregulated after MEK2 was silenced in vitro, suggesting that the mechanism of MEK2-induced chemo-resistance could be mediated by the transcriptional activation of these resistance genes. Collectively, our data indicated that the expression level of MEK2 could serve as a prognostic marker for glioma chemotherapy and that MEK2 antagonists can be used as chemo-sensitizers to enhance the treatment efficacy of TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Maojin Yao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bangbao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feili Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang Road Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Chenran Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Yicheng Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Guohan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
| | - Hui Zong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, USA
| | - Yicheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, P.R.China
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12
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Cui Y, Lin J, Zuo J, Zhang L, Dong Y, Hu G, Luo C, Chen J, Lu Y. AKT2-knockdown suppressed viability with enhanced apoptosis, and attenuated chemoresistance to temozolomide of human glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1681-90. [PMID: 26185456 PMCID: PMC4501163 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s83795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The AKT2 kinase (protein kinase Bβ) is overexpressed in high-grade gliomas. Upregulation of the AKT2 gene has been previously observed in glioblastoma patients suffering from chemotherapy failure and tumor progress. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of AKT2 on viability and chemoresistance in the human glioblastoma cell line U251. The U251 cell line was stably transfected with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting AKT2. U251 cells underexpressing AKT2 were then examined for viability with temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, and tested for cell apoptosis both in vitro and in tumor-implanted mice. Next, expressions of several chemoresistance-related molecules were measured by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. The results showed that the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AKT2 shRNA-transfected cells was significantly lower compared with Lenti-GFP-transfected and nontransfected controls and that the tumor growth of the AKT2-shRNA and TMZ combined-treated mice was obviously suppressed in either mass or volume. Concomitantly, the apoptosis of TMZ-treated tumor cells was significantly enhanced after knockdown of AKT2, as measured by flow cytometry and in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis. Furthermore, AKT2-inhibition in TMZ-treated glioblastoma U251 cells upregulated apoptotic effector caspase-3, whereas it downregulated antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, DNA repairing protein MGMT, and drug efflux pump protein MRP1. Our study identified AKT2 as an important gene in presenting chemoresistance in glioblastoma, and a potential target to potentiate the clinical effect of chemotherapy in glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianling Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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13
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Downregulation of Id2 increases chemosensitivity of glioma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4189-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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14
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Knockdown of CDC2 expression inhibits proliferation, enhances apoptosis, and increases chemosensitivity to temozolomide in glioblastoma cells. Med Oncol 2014; 32:378. [PMID: 25433945 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cell division cycle 2 (CDC2) is always overexpressed in malignant tumor cells and is correlated with chemosensitivity, but it is unclear whether CDC2 overexpression contributes to the chemoresistance potential of glioma cells. The aim of study was to determine the relationship of CDC2 expression with the prognosis and chemoresistance of glioblastoma. In this study, the glioblastoma U87 and U251 cell lines were steadily transfected with a lentivirus vector expressing a short hairpin RNA-targeting CDC2. Expression of CDC2 was evaluated in glioblastoma and cell lines by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The relationship between CDC2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. Using RNA interference, the effects of CDC2 on chemosensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ) were investigated in U87 and U251 cell lines in vitro. Combined CDC2 knockdown and TMZ treatment inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro more effectively than either treatment alone. qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that cells underexpressing CDC2 revealed lower expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B cell lymphoma-2 and increased expression of the apoptosis effector caspase-3 compared to U87 and U251 cells transfected with a control vector. Furthermore, expression levels of CDC2 in U87 and U251 cells were related to the IC50 of the antitumor drug TMZ. Knockdown of CDC2 expression was associated with decreased expression of Ral-binding protein 1, a classical chemotherapy drugs transporter. These results indicate that the ability to suppress the malignant phenotype by down-regulating CDC2 expression may provide a new gene therapy approach for overcoming CDC2-associated chemoresistance in patients with malignant glioma.
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15
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Azevedo H, Fujita A, Bando SY, Iamashita P, Moreira-Filho CA. Transcriptional network analysis reveals that AT1 and AT2 angiotensin II receptors are both involved in the regulation of genes essential for glioma progression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110934. [PMID: 25365520 PMCID: PMC4217762 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are aggressive primary brain tumors with high infiltrative potential. The expression of Angiotensin II (Ang II) receptors has been associated with poor prognosis in human astrocytomas, the most common type of glioma. In this study, we investigated the role of Angiotensin II in glioma malignancy through transcriptional profiling and network analysis of cultured C6 rat glioma cells exposed to Ang II and to inhibitors of its membrane receptor subtypes. C6 cells were treated with Ang II and specific antagonists of AT1 and AT2 receptors. Total RNA was isolated after three and six hours of Ang II treatment and analyzed by oligonucleotide microarray technology. Gene expression data was evaluated through transcriptional network modeling to identify how differentially expressed (DE) genes are connected to each other. Moreover, other genes co-expressing with the DE genes were considered in these analyses in order to support the identification of enriched functions and pathways. A hub-based network analysis showed that the most connected nodes in Ang II-related networks exert functions associated with cell proliferation, migration and invasion, key aspects for glioma progression. The subsequent functional enrichment analysis of these central genes highlighted their participation in signaling pathways that are frequently deregulated in gliomas such as ErbB, MAPK and p53. Noteworthy, either AT1 or AT2 inhibitions were able to down-regulate different sets of hub genes involved in protumoral functions, suggesting that both Ang II receptors could be therapeutic targets for intervention in glioma. Taken together, our results point out multiple actions of Ang II in glioma pathogenesis and reveal the participation of both Ang II receptors in the regulation of genes relevant for glioma progression. This study is the first one to provide systems-level molecular data for better understanding the protumoral effects of Ang II in the proliferative and infiltrative behavior of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hátylas Azevedo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - André Fujita
- Department of Computer Science, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Yumi Bando
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Priscila Iamashita
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Moreira-Filho
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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16
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Hasegawa S, Eguchi H, Nagano H, Konno M, Tomimaru Y, Wada H, Hama N, Kawamoto K, Kobayashi S, Nishida N, Koseki J, Nishimura T, Gotoh N, Ohno S, Yabuta N, Nojima H, Mori M, Doki Y, Ishii H. MicroRNA-1246 expression associated with CCNG2-mediated chemoresistance and stemness in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:1572-80. [PMID: 25117811 PMCID: PMC4200094 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis because of its high refractoriness to chemotherapy and tumour recurrence, and these properties have been attributed to cancer stem cells (CSCs). MicroRNA (miRNA) regulates various molecular mechanisms of cancer progression associated with CSCs. This study aimed to identify the candidate miRNA and to characterise the clinical significance. Methods: We established gemcitabine-resistant Panc1 cells, and induced CSC-like properties through sphere formation. Candidate miRNAs were selected through microarray analysis. The overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed by evaluating the in vitro cell growth and in vivo tumourigenicity. The expression was studied in 24 pancreatic cancer samples after laser captured microdissection and by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The in vitro drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells was altered according to the miR-1246 expression via CCNG2. In vivo, we found that miR-1246 could increase tumour-initiating potential and induced drug resistance. A high expression level of miR-1246 was correlated with a worse prognosis and CCNG2 expression was significantly lower in those patients. Conclusions: miR-1246 expression was associated with chemoresistance and CSC-like properties via CCNG2, and could predict worse prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hasegawa
- 1] Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan [2] Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Konno
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Tomimaru
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Wada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Hama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - K Kawamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - S Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Nishida
- Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - J Koseki
- Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - T Nishimura
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Molecular Targets Laboratory, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - N Gotoh
- Division of Molecular Therapy, Molecular Targets Laboratory, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - S Ohno
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N Yabuta
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Nojima
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - M Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Y Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - H Ishii
- 1] Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan [2] Department of Cancer Profiling Discovery, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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17
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Riehmer V, Gietzelt J, Beyer U, Hentschel B, Westphal M, Schackert G, Sabel MC, Radlwimmer B, Pietsch T, Reifenberger G, Weller M, Weber RG, Loeffler M. Genomic profiling reveals distinctive molecular relapse patterns in IDH1/2 wild-type glioblastoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014; 53:589-605. [PMID: 24706357 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular changes associated with the progression of glioblastoma after standard radiochemotherapy remain poorly understood. We compared genomic profiles of 27 paired primary and recurrent IDH1/2 wild-type glioblastomas by genome-wide array-based comparative genomic hybridization. By bioinformatic analysis, primary and recurrent tumor profiles were normalized and segmented, chromosomal gains and losses identified taking the tumor cell content into account, and difference profiles deduced. Seven of 27 (26%) pairs lacked DNA copy number differences between primary and recurrent tumors (equal pairs). The recurrent tumors in 9/27 (33%) pairs contained all chromosomal imbalances of the primary tumors plus additional ones, suggesting a sequential acquisition of and/or selection for aberrations during progression (sequential pairs). In 11/27 (41%) pairs, the profiles of primary and recurrent tumors were divergent, i.e., the recurrent tumors contained additional aberrations but had lost others, suggesting a polyclonal composition of the primary tumors and considerable clonal evolution (discrepant pairs). Losses on 9p21.3 harboring the CDKN2A/B locus were significantly more common in primary tumors from sequential and discrepant (nonequal) pairs. Nonequal pairs showed ten regions of recurrent genomic differences between primary and recurrent tumors harboring 46 candidate genes associated with tumor recurrence. In particular, copy numbers of genes encoding apoptosis regulators were frequently changed at progression. In summary, approximately 25% of IDH1/2 wild-type glioblastoma pairs have stable genomic imbalances. In contrast, approximately 75% of IDH1/2 wild-type glioblastomas undergo further genomic aberrations and alter their clonal composition upon recurrence impacting their genomic profile, a process possibly facilitated by 9p21.3 loss in the primary tumor. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Riehmer
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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MicroRNA-326 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma by targeting the Nin one binding protein (NOB1). PLoS One 2013; 8:e68469. [PMID: 23869222 PMCID: PMC3711818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioma is the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by rapid tumor growth and infiltration of tumor cells throughout the brain. Alterations in the activity of the 26S proteasome have been associated with malignant glioma cells, although the specific defects have not been identified. Recently, microRNA-326 (miR-326) was shown to play an important role in glioblastoma and breast cancer, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, the human Nin one binding protein (NOB1) was identified as a direct target of miR-326 and a potential oncogene in human glioma. Similar to NOB1 silencing by shRNA, overexpression of miR-326 in human glioma cell lines (A172 and U373) caused cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, delayed cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. MiR-326 inhibited colony formation in soft agar and decreased growth of a xenograft tumor model, suggesting that miR-326 and NOB1 are required for tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, these processes were shown to involve the MAPK pathway. NOB1 overexpression in human glioma samples was detected by Affymetrix array analysis, and NOB1 mRNA and protein levels were shown to be increased in high-grade glioma compared to low-grade glioma and normal brain tissue. Furthermore, high levels of NOB1 were associated with unfavorable prognosis of glioma patients. Taken together, these results indicate that miR-326 and NOB1 may play an important role in the development of glioma.
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19
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Naito Y, Yabuta N, Sato J, Ohno S, Sakata M, Kasama T, Ikawa M, Nojima H. Recruitment of cyclin G2 to promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies promotes dephosphorylation of γH2AX following treatment with ionizing radiation. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:1773-84. [PMID: 23656780 DOI: 10.4161/cc.24878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin G2 (CycG2) and Cyclin G1 (CycG1), two members of the Cyclin G subfamily, share high amino acid homology in their Cyclin G boxes. Functionally, they play a common role as association partners of the B'γ subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and regulate PP2A function, and their expression is increased following DNA damage. However, whether or not CycG1 and CycG2 have distinct roles during the cellular DNA damage response has remained unclear. Here, we report that CycG2, but not CycG1, co-localized with promyelocytic leukemia (PML) and γH2AX, forming foci following ionizing radiation (IR), suggesting that CycG2 is recruited to sites of DNA repair and that CycG1 and CycG2 have distinct functions. PML failed to localize to nuclear foci when CycG2 was depleted, and vice versa. This suggests that PML and CycG2 mutually influence each other's functions following IR. Furthermore, we generated CycG2-knockout (Ccng2 (-/-) ) mice to investigate the functions of CycG2. These mice were born healthy and developed normally. However, CycG2-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts displayed an abnormal response to IR. Dephosphorylation of γH2AX and checkpoint kinase 2 following IR was delayed in Ccng2 (-/-) cells, suggesting that DNA damage repair may be perturbed in the absence of CycG2. Although knockdown of B'γ in wild-type cells also delayed dephosphorylation of γH2AX, knockdown of B'γ in Ccng2 (-/-) cells prolonged this delay, suggesting that CycG2 cooperates with B'γ to dephosphorylate γH2AX. Taken together, we conclude that CycG2 is localized at DNA repair foci following DNA damage, and that CycG2 regulates the dephosphorylation of several factors necessary for DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Naito
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita City, Osaka, Japan
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20
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Three meta-analyses define a set of commonly overexpressed genes from microarray datasets on astrocytomas. Mol Neurobiol 2012; 47:325-36. [PMID: 23135747 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-012-8367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common tumors of the central nervous system, and one of its main types is astrocytoma. Microarray technology has been widely used to explore the molecular mechanism of cancer. It is universally accepted that meta-analysis considerably improves the statistical robustness of results, particularly in clinical research. To obtain the maximum reliability, we used three different meta-analyses to integrate the four microarray datasets, GSE16011, GSE4290, GSE2223, and GSE19728 (local), and defined the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in astrocytomas compared with normal brain tissue. Four DEGs, PCNA, CDC2, CDK2 and CCNB2, which are components of the cell cycle pathway, were chosen for Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry validation. PCNA is similar to the P53 gene and has been widely implicated in various cancers including gliomas. Therefore, the expression status of PCNA in our study was considered as a reference to test our whole experimental scheme, and the results indicate that our methodology is valid. Although a few studies have reported the overexpression of the CDC2, CDK2 and CCNB2 genes in glioma cell lines, we are the first to identify the statuses of these genes in human astrocytoma tissues at the mRNA and protein levels. The results of the gene validations strongly suggested that the genes play an important role in astrocytomas and could potentially be valuable in the diagnosis and treatment of astrocytoma.
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21
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Lee JH, Kim DG, Bae TJ, Rho K, Kim JT, Lee JJ, Jang Y, Kim BC, Park KM, Kim S. CDA: combinatorial drug discovery using transcriptional response modules. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42573. [PMID: 22905152 PMCID: PMC3414439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anticancer therapies that target single signal transduction pathways often fail to prevent proliferation of cancer cells because of overlapping functions and cross-talk between different signaling pathways. Recent research has identified that balanced multi-component therapies might be more efficacious than highly specific single component therapies in certain cases. Ideally, synergistic combinations can provide 1) increased efficacy of the therapeutic effect 2) reduced toxicity as a result of decreased dosage providing equivalent or increased efficacy 3) the avoidance or delayed onset of drug resistance. Therefore, the interest in combinatorial drug discovery based on systems-oriented approaches has been increasing steadily in recent years. Methodology Here we describe the development of Combinatorial Drug Assembler (CDA), a genomics and bioinformatics system, whereby using gene expression profiling, multiple signaling pathways are targeted for combinatorial drug discovery. CDA performs expression pattern matching of signaling pathway components to compare genes expressed in an input cell line (or patient sample data), with expression patterns in cell lines treated with different small molecules. Then it detects best pattern matching combinatorial drug pairs across the input gene set-related signaling pathways to detect where gene expression patterns overlap and those predicted drug pairs could likely be applied as combination therapy. We carried out in vitro validations on non-small cell lung cancer cells and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. We found two combinatorial drug pairs that showed synergistic effect on lung cancer cells. Furthermore, we also observed that halofantrine and vinblastine were synergistic on TNBC cells. Conclusions CDA provides a new way for rational drug combination. Together with phExplorer, CDA also provides functional insights into combinatorial drugs. CDA is freely available at http://cda.i-pharm.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Dae Gyu Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Jeong Bae
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyoohyoung Rho
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Tae Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jong-Jun Lee
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeongjun Jang
- Korean BioInformation Center (KOBIC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yuseong-gu, Deajeon, South Korea
| | - Byung Cheol Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Mii Park
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- WCU Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Cui Y, Wang Q, Wang J, Dong Y, Luo C, Hu G, Lu Y. Knockdown of AKT2 expression by RNA interference inhibits proliferation, enhances apoptosis, and increases chemosensitivity to the anticancer drug VM-26 in U87 glioma cells. Brain Res 2012; 1469:1-9. [PMID: 22771706 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The AKT2 kinase (protein kinas Bβ) is frequently overexpressed in malignant gliomas. In this study, the human glioblastoma cell line U87 was stably transfected with a lentivirus vector expressing a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting AKT2. Knockdown of AKT2 by the shRNA inhibited U87 cell proliferation and increased the rate of apoptosis. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis revealed that cells stably underexpressing AKT2 showed lower expression of the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and enhanced expression of the apoptosis effector caspase-3 compared to U87 cells stably transfected with a control vector. Furthermore, expression levels of AKT2 were correlated with the IC50 of the antitumor drug VM-26 (teniposide); the VM-26 IC50 was reduced from 6.46±0.42μg/ml in control glioma cells to 1.15±0.22μg/ml in U87 cells underexpressing AKT2. Combined AKT2 knockdown and VM-26 treatment inhibited cell proliferation in vitro more effectively than either treatment alone. Knockdown of AKT2 expression was associated with decreased expression of the multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) without affecting MRP1 mRNA expression. However, the mRNA and protein levels of MDR1 (p-glycoprotein) were unaffected by AKT2 knockdown. These results indicate that inhibition of AKT2 expression may be an effective means for overcoming AKT2-associated chemoresistance in human malignant glioma cells and may represent a potential gene-targeting approach to treat glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, No. 415 FengYang Road, Shanghai 200003, People's Republic of China
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The overexpression of IGFBP-3 is involved in the chemosensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells to nimotuzumab combined with cisplatin. Tumour Biol 2012; 33:1115-23. [PMID: 22389159 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0352-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nimotuzumab is an antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The objective of this study was to examine the capacity and specific underlying mechanisms of nimotuzumab to modulate cytotoxicity of cisplatin (DDP) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines with different EGFR expression levels. Nimotuzumab was administrated to two ESCC cell lines KYSE30 and TE-1 treated with DDP. Cell growth, colony formation, and apoptosis were analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry assays. The method of RNA interference was used to investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in ESCC cells chemosensitivity treated with nimotuzumab. Combination of nimotuzumab and DDP resulted in a DDP cytotoxicity increase in overexpressing EGFR cells (KYSE30) but not in low-expressing EGFR cells (TE-1). Meantime, DDP activated the EGFR pathway in the two cell lines in a ligand-independent fashion. Furthermore, DDP-induced EGFR activation was inhibited by nimotuzumab in KYSE30 cells, and this result was not observed in TE-1 cells. EGF reduced the expression of IGFBP-3 in KYSE30 cells; however, nimotuzumab could reverse the downregulation of IGFBP-3, and this result was also not observed in TE-1 cells. After IGFBP-3 was silenced by small interfering RNA, the potential of nimotuzumab to enhance DDP-mediated cytotoxicity was inhibited in KYSE30 cells. The results indicated that the increased ESCC chemosensitivity to DDP by nimotuzumab might be dependent on IGFBP-3 upregulation through EGFR-dependent pathway, which would facilitate preselection of ESCC patients for treatment of nimotuzumab combined with DDP.
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Zhao L, He LR, Zhang R, Cai MY, Liao YJ, Qian D, Xi M, Zeng YX, Xie D, Liu MZ. Low expression of IGFBP-3 predicts poor prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oncol 2011; 29:2669-76. [PMID: 22167391 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-011-0133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) acts as a tumor suppressor in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The present study was designed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of IGFBP-3 in ESCC patients. In this study, IGFBP-3 was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in paraffin-embedded tissues from 110 ESCC patients, of which 110 were from primary cancer sites and 56 from matched adjacent non-malignant sites. Differences in IGFBP-3 expression and clinical characteristics were compared by χ2 test. Correlations between prognostic outcomes and with IGFBP-3 expression were investigated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model. Among adjacent non-malignant tissues, 83.9% of individual tissue staining was scored as either high for IGFBP-3. However, among ESCC cases, only 51.8% of the cancer tissues were scored as high IGFBP-3 expression. In addition, IGFBP-3 expression inversely correlated with pathological classification (P<0.05 for T, N, and M classifications) and clinical staging (P=0.006). Furthermore, patients with higher levels of IGFBP-3 had prolonged overall survival (P<0.001). In conclusion, reduced IGFBP-3 expression may be a risk factor for advanced clinicopathological classification and poor patient survival. These findings suggest that IGFBP-3 may serve as a useful marker for the prognostic evaluation of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, No 651, Dongfeng road east, Guangzhou, 510060, China
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