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Deng H, Su J, Zhang W, Khan A, Sani MA, Goksen G, Kashyap P, Ezati P, Rhim JW. A review of starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blend film: A potential replacement for traditional plastic-based food packaging film. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:132926. [PMID: 38851610 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the development of environmentally friendly packaging materials using biodegradable polymers has emerged as a key challenge for scientists and consumers in response to resource depletion and environmental issues caused by plastic packaging materials. Starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are being recognized as excellent candidates for producing biodegradable food packaging films. Polymer blending has emerged as a practical approach to overcome the limitations of biopolymer films by developing films with unique properties and enhancing overall performance. This review briefly introduces the molecular structure and properties of starch and PVA, summarizes the common preparation methods and properties of starch/PVA blend films, and focuses on different strategies used to enhance starch/PVA blend films, including nanoparticles, plant extracts, and cross-linking agents. Additionally, this study summarizes the application of starch/PVA blend films as active and smart packaging in food preservation systems. This study demonstrates that starch and PVA blends have potential in manufacturing biodegradable food films with excellent properties due to their excellent compatibility and intermolecular interactions, and can be used as packaging films for a variety of foods to extend their shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit and Vegetable Cold-Chain of Hainan Province, Institute of Agro-Products of Processing and Design, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Su
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wanli Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
| | - Ajahar Khan
- BioNanocomposite Research Center and Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh Sani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, 33100 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Piyush Kashyap
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144401, Punjab, India
| | - Parya Ezati
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Jong-Whan Rhim
- BioNanocomposite Research Center and Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Talekar S, Barrow CJ, Nguyen HC, Zolfagharian A, Zare S, Farjana SH, Macreadie PI, Ashraf M, Trevathan-Tackett SM. Using waste biomass to produce 3D-printed artificial biodegradable structures for coastal ecosystem restoration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171728. [PMID: 38492597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The loss of ecosystem functions and services caused by rapidly declining coastal marine ecosystems, including corals and bivalve reefs and wetlands, around the world has sparked significant interest in interdisciplinary methods to restore these ecologically and socially important ecosystems. In recent years, 3D-printed artificial biodegradable structures that mimic natural life stages or habitat have emerged as a promising method for coastal marine restoration. The effectiveness of this method relies on the availability of low-cost biodegradable printing polymers and the development of 3D-printed biomimetic structures that efficiently support the growth of plant and sessile animal species without harming the surrounding ecosystem. In this context, we present the potential and pathway for utilizing low-cost biodegradable biopolymers from waste biomass as printing materials to fabricate 3D-printed biodegradable artificial structures for restoring coastal marine ecosystems. Various waste biomass sources can be used to produce inexpensive biopolymers, particularly those with the higher mechanical rigidity required for 3D-printed artificial structures intended to restore marine ecosystems. Advancements in 3D printing methods, as well as biopolymer modifications and blending to address challenges like biopolymer solubility, rheology, chemical composition, crystallinity, plasticity, and heat stability, have enabled the fabrication of robust structures. The ability of 3D-printed structures to support species colonization and protection was found to be greatly influenced by their biopolymer type, surface topography, structure design, and complexity. Considering limited studies on biodegradability and the effect of biodegradation products on marine ecosystems, we highlight the need for investigating the biodegradability of biopolymers in marine conditions as well as the ecotoxicity of the degraded products. Finally, we present the challenges, considerations, and future perspectives for designing tunable biomimetic 3D-printed artificial biodegradable structures from waste biomass biopolymers for large-scale coastal marine restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Talekar
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Green Chemistry in Manufacturing, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Colin J Barrow
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Green Chemistry in Manufacturing, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Hoang Chinh Nguyen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Shahab Zare
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | | | - Peter I Macreadie
- Deakin Marine Research and Innovation Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Mahmud Ashraf
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Stacey M Trevathan-Tackett
- Deakin Marine Research and Innovation Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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3
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Wang L, Li D, Ye L, Zhi C, Zhang T, Miao M. Starch-based biodegradable composites: Effects of in-situ re-extrusion on structure and performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:130869. [PMID: 38493822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, starch-based biodegradable composites (SDC) were prepared by extruding using thermoplastic starch (TPS, 65%wt), polylactic acid (PLA, 30%wt) and poly (butylene adipate co-terephthalate) (PBAT, 5%wt). Structure and properties of the SDC were compared by performing 1-, 2-, 3-times extrusion. The results show that in-situ re-extrusion refines the TPS in composites and reduces the size of the phase. As the number of extrusions increases, the ester bond of composites at 868 cm-1 disappears, the crystallinity increases, and the thermal stability decreases. Among the three types of composites, the mechanical properties and hydrophobic properties of the material obtained by the 2-times are the most outstanding. Compared with SDC, the elongation at break and Young's modulus of SDC-2 are significantly increased, with an increase of 8.01 % and 1.28 % in the machine direction and an increase of 11.02 % and 1.79 % in the transverse direction respectively. Additionally, water contact angle range of SDC-2 from 98.7° to 101.7°. Therefore, SDC prepared by 2-times in-situ re-extrusion has the best film properties and is an ideal packaging material. This study presents a novel method for fabricating starch-degradable composite films by in-situ re-extrusion, providing new insights into the development of starch packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Dexiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Jiangsu Longjun Environmental Protection Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Chaohui Zhi
- Jiangsu Longjun Environmental Protection Industrial Development Co., Ltd., Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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4
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Bumbudsanpharoke N, Nurhadi RP, Chongcharoenyanon B, Kwon S, Harnkarnsujarit N, Ko S. Effect of migration on the functionality of zinc oxide nanoparticle in polybutylene adipate terephthalate/thermoplastic starch films: A food simulant study. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130232. [PMID: 38373561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Active packaging relies on controlled release of antimicrobials for food protection; however, uncontrolled migration due to environmental factors poses safety and functionality challenges. This study investigated the stability of zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnONP) in poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch (PBAT/TPS) biopolymer film for active food packaging applications. While incorporating ZnONP significantly enhanced the properties and active functionalities (UV-light blocking, antimicrobial activity) of PBAT/TPS film, food simulants posed significant stability challenges. Notably, exposure to 3 % acetic acid (acidic food simulant) triggered complete detachment and dissolution of ZnONPs from the film surface, leading to pore formation and subsequent internal ZnO dissolution. This resulted in dramatic alterations to the bionanocomposite films, including increased opacity, water vapor permeability, and decreased thermal stability, mechanical properties, and active functionalities. In contrast, 10 % ethanol (aqueous food simulant) had minimal impact, suggesting higher ZnO stability in neutral environments. Importantly, ZnO migration analysis revealed thresholds for safe application: 1 % ZnONP for acidic food contact and up to 5 % for aqueous foodstuffs. These findings highlight the critical role of environmental factors in ZnONP stability and emphasize the need for strategic optimization of ZnO content for achieving both functionality and safety in active biopolymer packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattinee Bumbudsanpharoke
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Rineta Pertiwi Nurhadi
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Busarin Chongcharoenyanon
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Seongyoung Kwon
- Laboratory of Nano-Enabled Packaging and Safety, Department of Packaging, Yonsei University 1 Yonseidaegil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatujak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Seonghyuk Ko
- Laboratory of Nano-Enabled Packaging and Safety, Department of Packaging, Yonsei University 1 Yonseidaegil, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26493, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Peidayesh H, Ondriš L, Saparová S, Kovaľaková M, Fričová O, Chodák I. Biodegradable Nanocomposites Based on Blends of Poly(Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) (PBAT) and Thermoplastic Starch Filled with Montmorillonite (MMT): Physico-Mechanical Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:540. [PMID: 38591383 PMCID: PMC10856518 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is widely used for production of biodegradable films due to its high elongation, excellent flexibility, and good processability properties. An effective way to develop more accessible PBAT-based bioplastics for wide application in packaging is blending of PBAT with thermoplastic starch (TPS) since PBAT is costly with prices approximately double or even triple the prices of traditional plastics like polyethylene. This study is focused on investigating the influence of TPS/PBAT blend ratio and montmorillonite (MMT) content on the physical and mechanical properties and molecular mobility of TPS-MMT/PBAT nanocomposites. Obtained TPS-MMT/PBAT nanocomposites through the melt blending process were characterized using tensile testing, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as solid-state 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Mechanical properties demonstrated that the addition of TPS to PBAT leads to a substantial decrease in the tensile strength as well as in the elongation at break, while Young's modulus is rising substantially, while the effect of the MMT addition is almost negligible on the tensile stress of the blends. DMTA results confirmed the formation of TPS domains in the PBAT matrix. With increasing TPS content, mobility of starch-rich regions of TPS domains slightly increases. However, molecular mobility in glycerol-rich regions of TPS domains in the blends was slightly restricted. Moreover, the data obtained from 13C CP/MAS NMR spectra indicated that the presence of TPS in the sample decreases the mobility of the PBAT chains, mainly those located at the TPS/PBAT interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Peidayesh
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Leoš Ondriš
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia (S.S.); (M.K.); (O.F.)
| | - Simona Saparová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia (S.S.); (M.K.); (O.F.)
| | - Mária Kovaľaková
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia (S.S.); (M.K.); (O.F.)
| | - Oľga Fričová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Košice, Park Komenského 2, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia (S.S.); (M.K.); (O.F.)
| | - Ivan Chodák
- Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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6
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Grimaut DA, da Silva JBA, Lemos PVF, Correia PRC, Santana JS, Pessôa LC, Estevez-Areco S, Famá LM, Goyanes SN, Marcelino HR, de Jesus Assis D, de Souza CO. Effect of Addition of Cross-Linked Starch on the Properties of Degraded PBAT Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Films. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3106. [PMID: 37514495 PMCID: PMC10386069 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the properties of butylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) degraded after 1800 days of storage (DPBAT) by preparing blends (films) with crosslinked starch (Cm) through extrusion and thermocompression. Different ratios of DPBAT:Cm (70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 m/m) were prepared. The incorporation of Cm into DPBAT significantly changed the properties of the films by making them stiffer (increasing Young's modulus by up to 50%) and increasing the thermal resistance of DPBAT. The presence of crosslinked starch in the films made them less hydrophobic (with decreased contact angle and increased moisture content), but these parameters did not vary linearly with changes in the content of crosslinked starch in the blend (DPBAT:Cm). The microscopic images show an inhomogeneous distribution of Cm granules in the DPBAT matrix. Thus, the films prepared with PBAT show a significant decrease in their mechanical parameters and heat resistance after long-term storage. However, the preparation of blends of degraded DPBAT with crosslinked starch promoted changes in the properties of the films prepared by thermocompression, which could be useful for disposable packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Agostina Grimaut
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil
| | - Jania Betania Alves da Silva
- Center for Exact and Technological Sciences, Collegiate of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, BA, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, BA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Vitor França Lemos
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology-Northeast Biotechnology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Romano Cruz Correia
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology-Northeast Biotechnology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil
| | - Jamille Santos Santana
- Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, BA, Brazil
| | - Luiggi Cavalcanti Pessôa
- Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, BA, Brazil
| | - Santiago Estevez-Areco
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Polymers and Composite Materials, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Buenos Aires University, University City, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Lucía Mercedes Famá
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Polymers and Composite Materials, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Buenos Aires University, University City, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Silvia Nair Goyanes
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Polymers and Composite Materials, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Buenos Aires University, University City, Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | | | - Denilson de Jesus Assis
- Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, BA, Brazil
- School of Exact and Technological Sciences, Salvador University, Salvador 41820-021, BA, Brazil
| | - Carolina Oliveira de Souza
- Graduate Program in Food Science, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology-Northeast Biotechnology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-100, BA, Brazil
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil
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7
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Rodriguez A, Herrero M, Asensio M, Santiago-Calvo M, Guerrero J, Cañibano E, Fernández MT, Nuñez K. Cooperative Effect of Chemical and Physical Processes for Flame Retardant Additives in Recycled ABS. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112431. [PMID: 37299230 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the effectiveness of four non-halogenated flame retardants (FR) (aluminium trihydroxide (ATH), magnesium hydroxide (MDH), Sepiolite (SEP) and a mix of metallic oxides and hydroxides (PAVAL)) in blends with recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (rABS) was studied in order to develop a more environmentally friendly flame-retardant composite alternative. The mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of the obtained composites as well as their flame-retardant mechanism were evaluated by UL-94 and cone calorimetric tests. As expected, these particles modified the mechanical performance of the rABS, increasing its stiffness at the expense of reducing its toughness and impact behavior. Regarding the fire behavior, the experimentation showed that there is an important synergy between the chemical mechanism provided by MDH (decomposition into oxides and water) and the physical mechanism provided by SEP (oxygen barrier), which means that mixed composites (rABS/MDH/SEP) can be obtained with a flame behavior superior to that of the composites studied with only one type of FR. In order to find a balance between mechanical properties, composites with different amounts of SEP and MDH were evaluated. The results showed that composites with the composition rABS/MDH/SEP: 70/15/15 wt.% increase the time to ignition (TTI) by 75% and the resulting mass after ignition by more than 600%. Furthermore, they decrease the heat release rate (HRR) by 62.9%, the total smoke production (TSP) by 19.04% and the total heat release rate (THHR) by 13.77% compared to unadditivated rABS; without compromising the mechanical behavior of the original material. These results are promising and potentially represent a greener alternative for the manufacture of flame-retardant composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Rodriguez
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Manuel Herrero
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria Asensio
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Santiago-Calvo
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Julia Guerrero
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Esteban Cañibano
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Architectural Construction, Geotechnical Engineering, Continuum Mechanics and Structure Theory, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Paseo del Cauce 59, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Fernández
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Karina Nuñez
- Foundation for Research and Development in Transport and Energy (CIDAUT), Parque Tecnológico de Boecillo, 47051 Valladolid, Spain
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8
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Li Z, Li H, Wang M, Zhang Z, Yang L, Ma L, Liu H. Preparation and Properties of Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic Hydroxypropyl Starch Composite Films Reinforced with Nano-Silica. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092026. [PMID: 37177174 PMCID: PMC10181392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of biodegradable plastics is gradually increasing, but its expensive cost limits promotion. In this study, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic hydroxypropyl starch reinforced with nano-silica (PBAT/TPHSg-SiO2) composite films with high hydroxypropyl starch content were prepared in a two-step process. The effect of reinforced thermoplastic hydroxypropyl starch on the mechanical, thermal, processing properties, and micromorphology of the composite films was investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength of the composite films was significantly improved by the addition of nano-silica, with 35% increase in horizontal tensile strength and 21% increase in vertical tensile strength after the addition of 4 phr of nano-silica. When the content of thermoplastic hydroxypropyl starch reinforced with nano-silica (TPHSg-4SiO2) is 40%, the horizontal and vertical tensile strengths of the films are 9.82 and 12.09 MPa, respectively, and the elongation at break of the films is over 500%. Electron micrographs show that TPHSg-4SiO2 is better homogeneously dispersed in the PBAT and exhibits a bi-continuous phase structure at a TPHSg-4SiO2 content of 40%. In this study, the blowing PBAT/TPHSg-4SiO2 composite films effectively reduce the cost and still show better mechanical properties, which are suitable for packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metal, School of Material Science and Engineer, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Muxi Wang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongyan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liting Yang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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9
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Wongphan P, Nerín C, Harnkarnsujarit N. Enhanced compatibility and functionality of thermoplastic cassava starch blended PBAT blown films with erythorbate and nitrite. Food Chem 2023; 420:136107. [PMID: 37105087 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Improved miscibility between thermoplastic starch (TPS) and polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) enhances processability and properties of TPS-based biodegradable plastic packaging. This research investigated compatibility and functionality of TPS/PBAT (50/50) blends with sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate (1-5%) via blown film extrusion. Film morphology and mechanical and barrier properties were investigated. Sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate improved processing efficiency of TPS, modified film flexibility and enhanced physical and chemical compatibility between TPS and PBAT matrices via hydrolysis, confirmed by 1H NMR and ATR-FTIR analyses. These chemical reactions also affected thermal and phase transition behaviors. Increased starch granule dispersion caused smoother microstructure, resulting in higher oxygen barrier. Sodium nitrite and sodium erythorbate functionalized TPS/PBAT films reduced discoloration of packaged cured meat during storage at 4 °C for 9 days. These compounds provided extra functionality and improved compatibility between TPS and PBAT biodegradable plastic blends for novel and sustainable food packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phanwipa Wongphan
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Cristina Nerín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research I3A, CPS-University of Zaragoza, Maria de Luna 3, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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10
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Fekete E, Angyal L, Csiszár E. The Effect of Surface Characteristics of Clays on the Properties of Starch Nanocomposites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15217627. [PMID: 36363218 PMCID: PMC9654006 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this research, different clays such as laponite and montmorillonite (NaMMT) are used as fillers in the preparation of thermoplastic starch/clay nanocomposites. Thin films are produced by casting and evaporation in a wide composition range, using glycerol as the plasticizer at two different concentrations. The surface energy of clay fillers is measured by inverse gas chromatography (IGC); X-ray diffraction (XRD) and light transmission measurements (UV-VIS) are carried out to characterize the structure of nanocomposites; and mechanical properties and water vapor permeability are also studied. While all the starch/montmorillonite nanocomposites possess intercalated structures, significant exfoliation can be noted in the starch/laponite nanocomposites, mainly at low clay contents. Due to the larger surface energy of montmorillonite, stronger polymer/clay interactions and better mechanical properties can be assumed in starch/NaMMT composites. The smaller surface energy of laponite, however, can facilitate the delamination of laponite layers. Thus, the specific surface area of laponite can be further increased by exfoliation. Based on the results, the better exfoliation and the much larger specific surface area of laponite lead to higher reinforcement in starch/laponite nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Fekete
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Angyal
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Emília Csiszár
- Laboratory of Plastics and Rubber Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Zhai X, Zhang R, Wang W, Hou H. Relationship between phase morphologies and mechanical properties of thermoplastic starch/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) composite films prepared by extrusion blowing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1356-1360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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12
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Thermoplastic starch based blends as a highly renewable filament for fused deposition modeling 3D printing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:175-184. [PMID: 35926678 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
3D printing technology is considered as a highly flexible method which can achieve a various customized end products. The employment of bio-based materials can significantly decrease the environmental footprint of the end 3D printing products. This study presents the preparation of thermoplastic starch (TPS)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) composite that dedicated for the FDM 3D printing technology, the ratio of TPS:PLA:PBAT was fixed at 50:40:10 wt%. In addition, the chain extender ADR4468 (CE) was added to improve the brittleness of the blends to obtain better 3D printing filament. The mechanical properties of blends were improved by the addition of CE with 113 % increase in elongation at break and the 190 % raise in impact strength. Dynamic rheological analysis showed the maximum degree of complex viscosity and melt strength when the content of CE reached 1 wt%. The successful printability of TPS-based filament was demonstrated by accurate and complex printing samples. This paper provided a method to prepare highly renewable filaments for 3D printing.
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13
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Poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic cassava starch blends filled with duckweed biomass. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:369-378. [PMID: 35104474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed (DW) is a highly small, free-floating aquatic plant. It grows and reproduces rapidly, comprises mainly protein and carbohydrate, and has substantial potential as a feedstock to produce bioplastics due to its renewability and having very little impact on the food chain. The aim of this work was to analyze the effect of DW biomass on the characteristics and properties of bio-based and biodegradable plastics based on a poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic cassava starch (PLA/TPS) blend. Various amounts of DW biomass were compounded with PLA and TPS in a twin-screw extruder and then converted into dumbbell-shaped specimens using an injection molding machine. The obtained PLA/TPS blends filled with DW biomass exhibited a lower melt flow ability, higher moisture content, and increased surface hydrophilicity than the neat PLA/TPS blend. Incorporation of DW with low concentrations of 2.3 and 4.6 wt% increased the tensile strength, Young's modulus, and hardness of the PLA/TPS blend. Moisture and glycerol from DW and TPS played important roles in reducing the Tg, Tcc, Tm, and Td of PLA in the blends. The current work demonstrated that DW could be used as a biofiller for PLA/TPS blends, and the resulting PLA/TPS blends filled with DW biomass have potential in manufacturing injection-molded articles for sustainable, biodegradable, and short-term use.
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14
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Zhu J, Zhang S, Liu Y, Chen S, Li L. Modelling and assessment of plasticizer migration and structure changes in hydrophobic starch-based films. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:41-48. [PMID: 34838859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The structures of starch and starch-based materials determine additives migration from material matrix. Propionylated starch derived from waxy, normal, G50 and G80 starch were selected as the matrix, the amylose effect on plasticizer (triacetin) migration as well as structural changes in hydrophobic starch-based films were discussed. The constant (k1) of first-order rate and initial release rate (V0) of triacetin migration were consistent with the increment of amylose content. Meanwhile, diffusion model disclosed that Fick's second law was apposite to characterize the short-term migration of triacetin, and larger diffusion coefficient (D) values of short- and long-term migration were also found in films with higher amylose content, indicating that amylose-formed structures were in favor of triacetin migration. In comparison of propionylated amylopectin, Van der Waals's interactions between propionylated amylose and triacetin were easier to be weakened with the migration of triacetin, which promoted the decrease of wavenumber of C-O-C, and enlarged the inter-planner spacing of crystalline structures, promoting the formation of amorphous structures and wrinkles and embossments in films with higher amylose content. This work confirmed that regulating the structures of starch were effective to control the migration behavior of additives from starch-based films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yujia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Siqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Food Development and Nutrition Regulation of China National Light Industry, School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
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15
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Morinval A, Averous L. Systems Based on Biobased Thermoplastics: From Bioresources to Biodegradable Packaging Applications. POLYM REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.2012802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Morinval
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
| | - Luc Averous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France
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Rivadeneira-Velasco KE, Utreras-Silva CA, Díaz-Barrios A, Sommer-Márquez AE, Tafur JP, Michell RM. Green Nanocomposites Based on Thermoplastic Starch: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193227. [PMID: 34641042 PMCID: PMC8512963 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of bio-based materials has been a consequence of the environmental awareness generated over time. The versatility of native starch is a promising starting point for manufacturing environmentally friendly materials. This work aims to compile information on the advancements in research on thermoplastic starch (TPS) nanocomposites after the addition of mainly these four nanofillers: natural montmorillonite (MMT), organically modified montmorillonite (O-MMT), cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and cellulose nanofibers (CNF). The analyzed properties of nanocomposites were mechanical, barrier, optical, and degradability. The most important results were that as the nanofiller increases, the TPS modulus and strength increase; however, the elongation decreases. Furthermore, the barrier properties indicate that that the incorporation of nanofillers confers superior hydrophobicity. However, the optical properties (transparency and luminosity) are mostly reduced, and the color variation is more evident with the addition of these fillers. The biodegradability rate increases with these nanocompounds, as demonstrated by the study of the method of burial in the soil. The results of this compilation show that the compatibility, proper dispersion, and distribution of nanofiller through the TPS matrix are critical factors in overcoming the limitations of starch when extending the applications of these biomaterials. TPS nanocomposites are materials with great potential for improvement. Exploring new sources of starch and natural nano-reinforcement could lead to a genuinely eco-friendly material that can replace traditional polymers in applications such as packaging.
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17
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Nam JY, Kim HK, Song YS. Fabrication and Analysis of Sepiolite/Glass Microcapsules/Liquid Crystal Polymer Composites. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092522. [PMID: 33925934 PMCID: PMC8123445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid crystal polymer (LCP) composites filled with sepiolite and glass microcapsules were prepared by melt compounding. The composites were extruded using a twin-screw extruder and injection-molded. The objective of this study is to check a possibility of producing a polymeric composite with a low dielectric constant. Physical characteristics of the composites, such as morphological, rheological, mechanical, and electrical properties were analyzed. In particular, the glass microcapsule-reinforced LCP composites showed a significant improvement in lowering the dielectric constant due to its high air content. Additionally, sepiolite could act as an effective filler to improve the mechanical properties of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Nam
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea;
| | | | - Young-Seok Song
- Department of Fiber System Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-8005-3567; Fax: +82-31-8005-3561
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18
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Active Biodegradable Packaging for Foods Containing Baccharis dracunculifolia Leaf as Natural Antioxidant. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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da Silva GLP, Morais LCDA, Olivato JB, Marini J, Ferrari PC. Antimicrobial dressing of silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/cassava starch-based (bio)nanocomposites. J Biomater Appl 2021; 35:1096-1108. [PMID: 33611961 DOI: 10.1177/0885328221995920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(Bio)nanocomposites have been studied for biomedical applications, including the treatment of wounds. However, wound infection is one of the main problems of wound care management, and the use of wound dressings with antibacterial agents is essential. This work focused on developing and characterizing silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/cassava starch-based (bio)nanocomposites potentially suitable as antimicrobial dressing. Silver sulfadiazine was complexed inside the halloysite nanotubes lumen, and the drug-loaded nanotubes were incorporated in thermoplastic starch dispersion, forming the (bio)nanocomposites. The silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite and the (bio)nanocomposite were characterized by zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. The dressing properties of (bio)nanocomposites (water vapor permeability and mechanical stability) and their antimicrobial efficacy by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were also evaluated. Physicochemical studies suggested the silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite complexation (zeta potential of -38.9 mV) and its interactions with the starch forming the nanocomposites. The silver sulfadiazine-loaded halloysite/starch-based (bio)nanocomposites possessed a homogeneous and organized structure. Also, they had mechanical properties to be used as a dressing (13.73 ± 3.09 MPa and 3.17 ± 1.28% of elongation at break), and its permeability (6.18 ± 0.43 (10-13) g.Pa-1.s-1.m-1) could be able to maintain the environmental moisture at the wound surface. Besides that, the (bio)nanocomposites acted against the studied bacteria, being a potential contact antimicrobial and biodegradable wound dressing. Finally, the developed (bio)nanocomposites are semi-occlusive and good candidates for dry wounds to be widely in vitro and in vivo tested as controlled silver sulfadiazine delivery dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliana Bonametti Olivato
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliano Marini
- Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Bai J, Pei H, Zhou X, Xie X. Reactive compatibilization and properties of low-cost and high-performance PBAT/thermoplastic starch blends. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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21
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Abstract
The present study deals with the relation between crystalline order in kaolinites and their ability to intercalate DMSO. Raw clays and kaolinite–DMSO complexes are analyzed using FTIR, XRD powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (DSC-TGA). The crystallinity is accessed using the Hinckley index (HI) from the raw clays’ XRD patterns and the p2 factor from their FTIR spectra. The intercalation ratio is evaluated from XRD and compared among the samples. The thermal analyses show a decrease in the dehydroxylation temperature in the DMSO–kaolinite complexes, indicating a decrease in the interlayer cohesion that may be useful to improve the delamination of kaolinite. The analysis of the coherent scattering domain size in the raw and the DMSO-intercalated samples indicates that the ordering is not affected during the DMSO intercalation. From these results, it is deduced that DMSO intercalation is favored by an increased crystallinity, as revealed by the intercalation ratio from XRD and the DSMO release during DSC-TGA analysis.
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22
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Yimnak K, Thipmanee R, Sane A. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch/zeolite 5A films: Effects of compounding sequence and plasticizer content. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1037-1045. [PMID: 32693142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work investigated the effect of the compounding sequence and the glycerol content on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch/zeolite 5A (PBAT/TPS/Z5A) composites. The composite pellets and films were prepared by an extrusion process using a PBAT:TPS ratio of 60:40, Z5A loading of 3 wt%, and glycerol contents of 35 and 40 parts per hundred parts of starch (phs). Prior to blown film extrusion, the composite pellets were produced by two compounding sequences: sequence I (SI)-mixing PBAT with Z5A prior to blending with TPS; sequence II (SII)-mixing TPS with Z5A before blending with PBAT. The SII compounding sequence provided improved mixing between PBAT and TPS, leading to increased continuous phase region and a reduced TPS dispersed phase size. Increasing the glycerol content decreased the viscosity and size of the TPS dispersed phase and gave rise to a more uniform dispersion of the TPS domains and Z5A particles. Compounding Z5A via the SII sequence with a glycerol content of 40 phs effectively improved the mixing and the performance of the PBAT/TPS blend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannika Yimnak
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Ranumas Thipmanee
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Amporn Sane
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
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23
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Dang KM, Yoksan R, Pollet E, Avérous L. Morphology and properties of thermoplastic starch blended with biodegradable polyester and filled with halloysite nanoclay. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 242:116392. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Calderaro MP, Sarantopóulos CIG, Sanchez EMS, Morales AR. PBAT
/hybrid nanofillers composites—Part 1: Oxygen and water vapor permeabilities,
UV
barrier and mechanical properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Rita Morales
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Campinas Campinas Sao Paulo Brazil
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25
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Zhu J, Zhang S, Pu H, Chen X, Zou SY, Li L, Wang Q. Structural properties of propionylated starch-based nanocomposites containing different amylose contents. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 149:532-540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Ecofriendly Preparation and Characterization of a Cassava Starch/Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate Film. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8030329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite films of polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) were prepared by adding thermoplastic starch (TPS) (TPS/PBAT) and nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) (TPS/PBAT/nano-ZnO). The changes of surface morphology, thermal properties, crystal types and functional groups of starch during plasticization were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, synchronous thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectrometry, mechanical property tests, and contact Angle and transmittance tests. The relationship between the addition of TPS and the tensile strength, transmittance, contact angle, water absorption, and water vapor barrier of the composite film, and the influence of nano-ZnO on the mechanical properties and contact angle of the 10% TPS/PBAT composite film. Experimental results show that, after plasticizing, the crystalline form of starch changed from A-type to V-type, the functional group changed and the lipophilicity increased; the increase of TPS content, the light transmittance and mechanical properties of the composite membrane decreased, while the water vapor transmittance and water absorption increased. The mechanical properties of the composite can be significantly improved by adding nano-ZnO at a lower concentration (optimum content is 1 wt%).
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27
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Moeini A, Mallardo S, Cimmino A, Dal Poggetto G, Masi M, Di Biase M, van Reenen A, Lavermicocca P, Valerio F, Evidente A, Malinconico M, Santagata G. Thermoplastic starch and bioactive chitosan sub-microparticle biocomposites: Antifungal and chemico-physical properties of the films. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 230:115627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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28
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Luo S, Zhang P, Gao D. Preparation and Properties of Antimicrobial Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/TiO2 Nanocomposites Films. J MACROMOL SCI B 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2020.1712045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangling Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Packaging Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - De Gao
- Department of Packaging Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
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29
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Spiridon I, Anghel NC, Darie-Nita RN, Iwańczuk A, Ursu RG, Spiridon IA. New composites based on starch/Ecoflex®/biomass wastes: Mechanical, thermal, morphological and antimicrobial properties. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 156:1435-1444. [PMID: 31770560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Different biomass wastes were successfully blended with starch and Ecoflex® viz. poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), without glycerol addition, to obtain biocomposite materials. The mechanical properties, as well as thermal and surface properties, of the developed composites were evaluated. It was found that the tensile strength and impact strength improved upon the addition of lignin, while the water uptake capacity decreased. The presence of 5% lignin determined an increase in tensile strength of 125.4% for materials comprising celery (CEL), 109.6% for materials comprising poplar seed hair fibers (PSH), 92.9% for materials comprising pomace (POM) and 127.7% for materials comprising Asclepias syriaca fibers (ASF), compared with a reference sample. The addition of lignin to all the formulations conferred good antimicrobial properties against different microorganisms, S. aureus and especially E. coli. The good mechanical properties, water resistance and antimicrobial activity against pathogens recommend these composites to be used in the manufacture of packaging materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Spiridon
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley no. 41, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Narcis Catalin Anghel
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley no. 41, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | - Raluca Nicoleta Darie-Nita
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley no. 41, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrzej Iwańczuk
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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30
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Yousefi A, Savadkoohi B, Zahedi Y, Hatami M, Ako K. Fabrication and characterization of hybrid sodium montmorillonite/TiO2 reinforced cross-linked wheat starch-based nanocomposites. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:253-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Hierarchical Structure and Thermal Property of Starch-Based Nanocomposites with Different Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11020342. [PMID: 30960325 PMCID: PMC6419194 DOI: 10.3390/polym11020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch-based materials with reinforced properties were considered as one of the most promising materials to replace the petro-based packaging products, and actually, the molecular structures of starch usually determined the structures and properties of end-used starchy products. Here, starch-based nanocomposites were fabricated by starch esters derived from native starches with different amylose contents and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT). The fractured surface under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited wrinkles formed by macromolecular aggregation owing to the interaction competition between the plasticizer and nanofiller with the starch ester. The more intense interaction within amylopectin-rich films promoted the formation of much randomly exfoliation of OMMT observed by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As the amylose content increased, the interaction between the starch ester and the nanofiller was weakened, leading to the dispersion morphology of an ordered arrangement and partly intercalated structures in the dimension of 12.92 to 19.77 nm. Meanwhile, such interaction also affected both the inner ordered structure integrity of starch ester and the layer structure consistency of nanofiller according to X-ray diffraction results. Further, the stronger interaction between amylopectin and the nanofiller endowed higher thermal stability to the amylopectin-rich starch-based nanocomposites. In short, these results are beneficial for the application of starch-based nanocomposites in the food packaging industry by regulating the interaction between starch and nanofillers.
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Fabrication and characterization of starch-based nanocomposites reinforced with montmorillonite and cellulose nanofibers. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:429-436. [PMID: 30732779 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, one-dimensional (1D) cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were used to stabilize the dispersion of two-dimensional (2D) montmorillonite (MMT) plates in aqueous system. Then the prepared MMT/CNF solution was simultaneously merged into water soluble corn starch (CS) to obtain CS/MMT/CNF composite freestanding films through a casting method. The reinforcing effect from building blocks of MMT and CNF, interfacial interactions of hydrogen and covalent bonding together led to enhanced tensile strength and Young's modulus, reduced moisture susceptibility and increased transparency of the ternary CS nanocomposites. These extraordinary properties of the ternary nanocomposites clearly point towards a new strategy for designing and fabricating high-performance starch-based nanocomposites by using binary fillers with different geometric shapes and aspect ratio. This kind of ternary nanocomposite can be widely used in food packing and preservation as a biodegradable and green film.
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Zhang S, Lin Z, Li J, Jiang G, Hu C. Elevated ductility, optical, and air barrier properties of poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) bio-based films via novel thermoplastic starch feature. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuidong Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Automotive; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
- Key laboratory of public security of building fir protection engineering and technology; Tianjin Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security; Tianjin China
| | - Zesheng Lin
- School of Mechanical and Automotive; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou China
| | - Guo Jiang
- Key laboratory of public security of building fir protection engineering and technology; Tianjin Fire Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security; Tianjin China
| | - Changying Hu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering; Jinan University; Guangzhou China
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Li JL, Zhou M, Cheng G, Cheng F, Lin Y, Zhu PX. Comparison of Mechanical Reinforcement Effects of Cellulose Nanofibers and Montmorillonite in Starch Composite. STARCH-STARKE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201800114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Li
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Geng Cheng
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Yi Lin
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Pu-Xin Zhu
- Textile Institute; College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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Ren J, Dang KM, Pollet E, Avérous L. Preparation and Characterization of Thermoplastic Potato Starch/Halloysite Nano-Biocomposites: Effect of Plasticizer Nature and Nanoclay Content. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10080808. [PMID: 30960733 PMCID: PMC6403770 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-biocomposites based on halloysite nanoclay and potato starch were elaborated by melt blending with different polyol plasticizers such as glycerol, sorbitol or a mixture of both. The effects of the type of plasticizer and clay content on potato starch/halloysite nano-biocomposites were studied. SEM analyses combined with ATR-FTIR results showed that a high content of sorbitol had a negative effect on the dispersion of the halloysite nanoclay in the starchy matrix. XRD results demonstrated that incorporation of halloysite nanoclay into glycerol-plasticized starch systems clearly led to the formation of a new crystalline structure. The addition of halloysite nanoclay improved the thermal stability and decreased the moisture absorption of the nano-biocomposites, whatever the type of plasticizer used. Halloysite addition led to more pronounced improvement in mechanical properties for glycerol plasticized system compared to nanocomposites based on sorbitol and glycerol/sorbitol systems with a 47% increase in tensile strength for glycerol-plasticized starch compared to 10.5% and 11% for sorbitol and glycerol/sorbitol systems, respectively. The use of a mixture of polyols was found to be a promising way to optimize the mechanical properties of these starch-based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Ren
- Polymer Processing Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Material Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 2, France.
| | - Khanh Minh Dang
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 2, France.
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Eric Pollet
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 2, France.
| | - Luc Avérous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg CEDEX 2, France.
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Mbey JA, Thomas F, Hoppe S. Kaolinite dispersion in cassava starch-based composite films: a photonic microscopy and X-ray tomography study. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2017-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the present study, a combined use of photonic microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and 3D X-ray tomography is carried out in order to analyze the dispersion and the distribution of raw and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-intercalated kaolinite used as filler in cassava starch-based films. It is shown that the association of these techniques allows a valuable analysis of clay dispersion in polymer-clay composite films. In the case of kaolinite-starch composite films on which this study is focused, it is obvious that previous intercalation of kaolinite with DMSO is an efficient way to improve dispersion and distribution of kaolinite in a starch polymer matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Aimé Mbey
- Laboratory of Applied Inorganic Chemistry , Department of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Yaounde I , P.O. Box 812 , Yaoundé , Cameroon
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux , Université de Lorraine, UMR 7360, 15 Avenue du Charmois, B.P. 40. F-54501 , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex , France
| | - Fabien Thomas
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux , Université de Lorraine, UMR 7360, 15 Avenue du Charmois, B.P. 40. F-54501 , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex , France
- CNRS, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux, UMR 7360, 15 Avenue du Charmois, B.P. 40. F-54501 , Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex , France
| | - Sandrine Hoppe
- CNRS, Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés, UPR 3349, 1 Rue Grandville, B.P. 20451 , 54001 Nancy Cedex , France
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Wang W, Zhang H, Jia R, Dai Y, Dong H, Hou H, Guo Q. High performance extrusion blown starch/polyvinyl alcohol/clay nanocomposite films. Food Hydrocoll 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Correia PRC, Ramos IG, Viana AC, Mascarenhas AJS, Sant'ana AEG, Goulart HF, Druzian JI. Development of composite membrane PBAT: Zeolite Y for application as rhynchophorol release system. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Romano Cruz Correia
- Laboratory of Applied Analysis, Biomaterials and Innovation, Faculty of Pharmacy; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Ingrid Graça Ramos
- Laboratory of Applied Analysis, Biomaterials and Innovation, Faculty of Pharmacy; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | - Arão Cardoso Viana
- Laboratory of Applied Analysis, Biomaterials and Innovation, Faculty of Pharmacy; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador Bahia Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Janice Izabel Druzian
- Laboratory of Applied Analysis, Biomaterials and Innovation, Faculty of Pharmacy; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador Bahia Brazil
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Characterization of layered silicate-reinforced blends of thermoplastic starch (TPS) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate). Carbohydr Polym 2017; 173:566-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Fialho e Moraes AR, Pola CC, Bilck AP, Yamashita F, Tronto J, Medeiros EAA, Soares NDFF. Starch, cellulose acetate and polyester biodegradable sheets: Effect of composition and processing conditions. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:932-941. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Reis MO, Olivato JB, Zanela J, Yamashita F, Grossmann MVE. Influence of microcrystalline cellulose in thermoplastic starch/polyester blown films. POLIMEROS 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-1428.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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42
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Oliveira TA, Oliveira RR, Barbosa R, Azevedo JB, Alves TS. Effect of reprocessing cycles on the degradation of PP/PBAT-thermoplastic starch blends. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 168:52-60. [PMID: 28457463 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The solid waste management problems caused by the accumulation of plastics require measures to mitigate the environmental damage, and mechanical recycling of plastics is among the possible solutions. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of mechanical recycling on the properties of a polypropylene/poly(butylene adipate co-terephthalate)-thermoplastic starch blend (PP/PBAT-Thermoplastic starch blend) when it was subjected to seven reprocessing cycles by a single-screw extruder. The observations by infrared spectroscopy indicated that the chemical structures of the blend and the polypropylene matrix did not present significant changes with the reprocessing cycles. The X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the PP crystals were most affected when reprocessed in their pure form. The observations by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the thermal stability of the blend was higher than that of polypropylene during the extrusion cycles. The scanning electron microscopy images indicated a weak interfacial interaction between the components of the blend, and the mechanical properties showed that the reprocessing improved the elasticity modulus and yield stress, with a consequential decrease of the impact strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thainá A Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Materials Science, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil.
| | - Rosimery R Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Materials Engineering, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64000-040, Brazil.
| | - Renata Barbosa
- Course of Materials Engineering and Graduate Program in Materials Science, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil.
| | - Joyce B Azevedo
- School of Technology SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, BA 41650-010, Brazil.
| | - Tatianny S Alves
- Course of Materials Engineering and Graduate Program in Materials Science, Technology Center, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil.
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Sepiolite as a promising nanoclay for nano-biocomposites based on starch and biodegradable polyester. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 70:296-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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44
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PBAT/TPS Composite Films Reinforced with Starch Nanoparticles Produced by Ultrasound. INT J POLYM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/4308261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present work was to study the incorporation of starch nanoparticles (SNP) produced by ultrasound in blends of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and thermoplastic starch (TPS). The films were produced by extrusion using varying percentages of SNP (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% w/w). The SNP were prepared in water without the addition of any chemical reagent. The results revealed that ultrasound treatment results in the formation of SNP less than 100 nm in size and of an amorphous character and lower thermal stability and low gelatinization temperature when compared with cassava starch. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that films presented some starch granules. The relative crystallinity (RC) of films decreases with increasing concentration of SNP. The addition of SNP slightly affected the thermal degradation of the films. The DSC results showed that the addition did not modify the interaction between the different components of the films. Mechanical tests revealed an increase in Young’s modulus (36%) and elongation-at-break (35%) with the incorporation of 1% SNP and this concentration reduced the water vapor permeability (53%) and significantly decreased the water absorption of the films, demonstrating that low concentrations of SNP can be used as reinforcement in a polymeric matrix.
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Ruiz-Hitzky E, Darder M, Alcântara ACS, Wicklein B, Aranda P. Functional Nanocomposites Based on Fibrous Clays. FUNCTIONAL POLYMER COMPOSITES WITH NANOCLAYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/9781782626725-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This chapter is focused on functional nanocomposites based on the use of the microfibrous clays sepiolite and palygorskite as efficient fillers for diverse types of polymer matrices, from typical thermoplastics to biopolymers. The main features that govern the interaction between the silicates and the polymer matrix are discussed. The introduction addresses the structural and textural features of the fibrous silicates, as well as the possible synthetic approaches to increase the compatibility of these nanofillers with the polymeric matrix. Additionally, these clays can be easily functionalized through their surface silanol groups based on chemical reactions or by anchoring of nanoparticles. This allows for the preparation of a wide variety of functional polymer–clay nanocomposites. Thereafter, some relevant examples of nanocomposites derived from conventional polymers are reported, as well as of those based on polymers that exhibit electrical conductivity. Lastly, selected works employing sepiolite or palygorskite as fillers in polymeric matrixes of natural origin are discussed, showing the wide application of these resulting nanocomposites as bioplastics, as well as in biomedicine, environmental remediation and the development of sensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Margarita Darder
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Ana C. S. Alcântara
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Departamento de Química (DEQUI) São Luís-MA Brazil
| | - Bernd Wicklein
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3 28049 Madrid Spain
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46
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Melt grafting of sepiolite nanoclay onto poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) by reactive extrusion with multi-functional epoxy-based styrene-acrylic oligomer. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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47
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Garcia-Hernandez A, Lobato-Calleros C, Vernon-Carter EJ, Sosa-Hernandez E, Alvarez-Ramirez J. Effects of clay concentration on the morphology and rheological properties of xanthan gum-based hydrogels reinforced with montmorillonite particles. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Garcia-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; Apartado Postal 55-534 Ciudad de México 09340 México
| | - C. Lobato-Calleros
- Departamento de Preparatoria Agrícola; Universidad Autónoma Chapingo; Km. 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco Texcoco 56230 México
| | - E. J. Vernon-Carter
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; Apartado Postal 55-534 Ciudad de México 09340 México
| | - E. Sosa-Hernandez
- Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo; Grupo de Evaluación de Riesgo en Ductos; Ciudad de México 07355 México
| | - J. Alvarez-Ramirez
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos e Hidráulica; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa; Apartado Postal 55-534 Ciudad de México 09340 México
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48
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Khandal D, Pollet E, Avérous L. Elaboration and behavior of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -4-hydroxybutyrate)- nano-biocomposites based on montmorillonite or sepiolite nanoclays. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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49
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González Seligra P, Eloy Moura L, Famá L, Druzian JI, Goyanes S. Influence of incorporation of starch nanoparticles in PBAT/TPS composite films. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula González Seligra
- LP & MC, Dep. de Física - IFIBA (CONICET), FCEyN, UBA, Ciudad Universitaria (1428); CABA Argentina
| | - Lídia Eloy Moura
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Bahia; Barão of Geremoabo Street Ondina, Salvador Bahia 40171-970 Brazil
| | - Lucia Famá
- LP & MC, Dep. de Física - IFIBA (CONICET), FCEyN, UBA, Ciudad Universitaria (1428); CABA Argentina
| | - Janice Izabel Druzian
- Department of Bromatological Analysis, College of Pharmacy; Federal University of Bahia; Barão of Geremoabo Street Ondina, Salvador Bahia 40171-970 Brazil
| | - Silvia Goyanes
- LP & MC, Dep. de Física - IFIBA (CONICET), FCEyN, UBA, Ciudad Universitaria (1428); CABA Argentina
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50
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Idumah CI, Hassan A. Emerging trends in eco-compliant, synergistic, and hybrid assembling of multifunctional polymeric bionanocomposites. REV CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2015-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe quest to develop eco-benign polymeric hybrid materials arose out of the need to protect the environment from the harmful effects of synthetic petroleum polymeric waste and meet the specific needs of industries such as oil and gas, aerospace, automotives, packaging, electronics biomedicals, pharmaceuticals, agricultural, and construction. This has resulted in synergistic hybrid assembling of natural fibers, polymers, biopolymers, and nanoparticles. Bionanocomposites based on inorganic nanoparticle reinforced biofiber, polymers and biopolymers, and polysaccharides such as chitosan, alginate, and cellulose derivatives, and so on, exhibiting at least a dimension at the nanometer scale, are an emerging group of nanostructured hybrid materials. These hybrid bionanocomposites exhibit structural and multifunctional properties suitable for versatile applications similar to polymer nanocomposites. Their biocompatibility and biodegradability provide opportunities for applications as eco-benign green nanocomposites. This review presents state-of-the-art progress in synergistic nanotechnological assembling of bionanocomposites relative to processing technologies, product development, and applications.
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