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Singh H, Kumar R, Mazumder A. Protein kinase inhibitors in the management of cancer: therapeutic opportunities from natural compounds. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:663-680. [PMID: 38373215 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2313546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Kinase is an enzyme that helps in the phosphorylation of the targeted molecules and can affect their ability to react with other molecules. So, kinase influences metabolic reactions like cell signaling, secretory processes, transport of molecules, etc. The increased activity of certain kinases may cause various types of cancer, i.e. leukemia, glioblastoma, and neuroblastomas. So, the growth of particular cancer cells can be prevented by the inhibition of the kinase responsible for those cancers. Natural products are the key resources for the development of new drugs where approximately 60% of anti-tumor drugs are being developed with the same including specific kinase dwellers. This study comprised molecular interactions of various molecules (obtained from natural sources) as kinase inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. It is expected that by analyzing the skeleton behavior, the process of action, and the body-related activity of these organic products, new cancer-avoiding molecules can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
| | - Avijit Mazumder
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute), Greater Noida, India
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2
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Fazelifar P, Cucchiarini A, Khoshbin Z, Mergny JL, Kazemi Noureini S. Strong and selective interactions of palmatine with G-rich sequences in TRF2 promoter; experimental and computational studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38100552 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2292793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
G-rich sequences have the potential to fold into G-quadruplexes (GQs). G-quadruplexes, particularly those positioned in the regulatory regions of proto-oncogenes, have recently garnered attention in anti-cancer drug design. A thermal FRET assay was employed to conduct preliminary screening of various alkaloids, aiming to identify stronger interactions with a specific set of G-rich double-labeled oligonucleotides in both K + and Na + buffers. These oligonucleotides were derived from regions associated with Kit, Myc, Ceb, Bcl2, human telomeres, and potential G-quadruplex forming sequences found in the Nrf2 and Trf2 promoters. Palmatine generally increased the stability of different G-rich sequences into their folded GQ structures, more or less in a concentration dependent manner. The thermal stability and interaction of palmatine was further studied using transition FRET (t-FRET), CD and UV-visible spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation methods. Palmatine showed the strongest interaction with T RF2 in both K+ and Na+ buffers even at equimolar concentration ratio. T-FRET studies revealed that palmatine has the potential to disrupt double-strand formation by the T RF2 sequence in the presence of its complementary strand. Palmatine exhibits a stronger interaction with G-rich strand DNA, promoting its folding into G-quadruplex structures. It is noteworthy that palmatine exhibits the strongest interaction with T RF2, which is the shortest sequence among the G-rich oligonucleotides studied, featuring only one nucleotide for two of its loops. Palmatine represents a suitable structure for drug design to develop more specific ligands targeting G-quadruplexes. Whether palmatine can also affect the expression of the T RF2 gene requires further studies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Fazelifar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Anne Cucchiarini
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences (LOB), Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Zahra Khoshbin
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jean-Louis Mergny
- Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences (LOB), Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
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Samandari-Bahraseman MR, Khorsand B, Zareei S, Amanlou M, Rostamabadi H. Various concentrations of hesperetin induce different types of programmed cell death in human breast cancerous and normal cell lines in a ROS-dependent manner. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110642. [PMID: 37487865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The polyphenolic component of citrus fruits, hesperetin (Hst), is a metabolite of hesperidin. In this study, we examined the effect of varying doses and exposure times of hesperetin on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, as well as MCF-10A normal cells. By using MTT assay, real-time PCR, western blot, and flow cytometry, we determined the effects of Hst on cell viability, ROS levels, and markers of cell death. Furthermore, molecular docking was used to identify Hst targets that might be involved in ROS-dependent cell death. According to the results, different concentrations of Hst induced different modes of cell death at specific ROS levels. Paraptosis occurred in all cell lines at concentration ranges of IC35 to IC60, and apoptosis occurred at concentrations greater than IC65. In addition, MDA-MB-231 cells were subjected to senescence at sub-toxic doses when treated for a long period of time. When Hst levels were higher, N-acetylcysteine (NAC)'s effect on neutralizing ROS was more pronounced. According to the docking results, Hst may interact with several proteins involved in the regulation of ROS. As an example, the interaction of CCS (Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase) with Hst might interfere with its chaperone function in folding SOD-1 (superoxide dismutase enzyme), contributing to an increase in cytoplasmic ROS levels. Finally, depending on the ROS level, Hst induces various modes of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Babak Khorsand
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Zareei
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Amanlou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Rostamabadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Shen L, Lee S, Joo JC, Hong E, Cui ZY, Jo E, Park SJ, Jang HJ. Chelidonium majus Induces Apoptosis of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells via ATF3-Mediated Regulation of Foxo3a by Tip60. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:493-503. [PMID: 35283423 PMCID: PMC9628819 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2109.09030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead transcription factor 3a (Foxo3a) is believed to be a tumor suppressor as its inactivation leads to cell transformation and tumor development. However, further investigation is required regarding the involvement of the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3)-mediated Tat-interactive protein 60 (Tip60)/Foxo3a pathway in cancer cell apoptosis. This study demonstrated that Chelidonium majus upregulated the expression of ATF3 and Tip60 and promoted Foxo3a nuclear translocation, ultimately increasing the level of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) protein. ATF3 overexpression stimulated Tip60 expression, while ATF3 inhibition by siRNA repressed Tip60 expression. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated Tip60 inhibition significantly promoted Foxo3a phosphorylation, leading to blockade of Foxo3a translocation into the nucleus. Thus, we were able to deduce that ATF3 mediates the regulation of Foxo3a by Tip60. Moreover, siRNA-mediated Foxo3a inhibition suppressed the expression of Bax and subsequent apoptosis. Taken together, our data demonstrate that Chelidonium majus induces SKOV-3 cell death by increasing ATF3 levels and its downstream proteins Tip60 and Foxo3a. This suggests a potential therapeutic role of Chelidonium majus against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shen
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Soon Lee
- Division of Analytical Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea,Division of Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Cheon Joo
- Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Hong
- Division of Analytical Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhen Yang Cui
- Rehabilitation Medicine College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, P.R. China
| | - Eunbi Jo
- Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Park
- Department of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju 54987, Republic of Korea,
S.J. Park Phone: +82-63-220-8676 E-mail:
| | - Hyun-Jin Jang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Genomics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors H.J. Jang Phone: +42-860-4563 E-mail:
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Akaberi T, Shourgashti K, Emami SA, Akaberi M. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of alkaloids from Glaucium spp. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 191:112923. [PMID: 34454171 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Glaucium Mill. comprising 28 species with 78 synonyms, 3 subspecies, and 3 varieties worldwide belongs to the Papaveraceae family. The plants are well known for their different types of alkaloids. In the present study, we attempted to review the chemistry and pharmacology of the alkaloids from the genus Glaucium. For this purpose, the relevant data were collected from different scientific databases including, "Google Scholar", "ISI Web of Knowledge", "PubMed", "Scopus", and available books and e-books. Our results showed that aporphine alkaloids are dominated in the species; however, other types of alkaloids including protopines, benzophenanthridines, benzylisoquinolines, protoberberines, and morphinanes have also been reported from the genus. The pharmacological studies have shown that the alkaloids from Glaucium species have several biological activities of which anti-cancer and anti-cholinesterase effects have been highly reported. Besides, the data indicated that most of the species have been investigated neither phytochemically nor pharmacologically. Glaucium flavum, known as yellow horn poppy, is the most studied species. According to the reports, the plants from this genus have anti-cancer and anti-cholinesterase potentials and can be used as a source for aporphine alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toktam Akaberi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Kamran Shourgashti
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Targeting cellular senescence in cancer by plant secondary metabolites: A systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 177:105961. [PMID: 34718135 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescence suppresses tumor growth, while also developing a tumorigenic state in the nearby cells that is mediated by senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs). The dual function of cellular senescence stresses the need for identifying multi-targeted agents directed towards the promotion of cell senescence in cancer cells and suppression of the secretion of pro-tumorigenic signaling mediators in neighboring cells. Natural secondary metabolites have shown favorable anticancer responses in recent decades, as some have been found to target the senescence-associated mediators and pathways. Furthermore, phenolic compounds and polyphenols, terpenes and terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds have shown to be promising anticancer agents through the regulation of paracrine and autocrine pathways. Plant secondary metabolites are potential regulators of SASPs factors that suppress tumor growth through paracrine mediators, including growth factors, cytokines, extracellular matrix components/enzymes, and proteases. On the other hand, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related, extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, and receptor tyrosine kinase-associated mediators are main targets of candidate phytochemicals in the autocrine senescence pathway. Such a regulatory role of phytochemicals on senescence-associated pathways are associated with cell cycle arrest and the attenuation of apoptotic/inflammatory/oxidative stress pathways. The current systematic review highlights the critical roles of natural secondary metabolites in the attenuation of autocrine and paracrine cellular senescence pathways, while also elucidating the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic capabilities of these compounds. Additionally, we discuss current challenges, limitations, and future research indications.
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Romaniuk-Drapała A, Totoń E, Konieczna N, Machnik M, Barczak W, Kowal D, Kopczyński P, Kaczmarek M, Rubiś B. hTERT Downregulation Attenuates Resistance to DOX, Impairs FAK-Mediated Adhesion, and Leads to Autophagy Induction in Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040867. [PMID: 33920284 PMCID: PMC8068966 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase is known to contribute to telomere maintenance and to provide cancer cell immortality. However, numerous reports are showing that the function of the enzyme goes far beyond chromosome ends. The study aimed to explore how telomerase downregulation in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells affects their ability to survive. Consequently, sensitivity to drug resistance, proliferation, and adhesion were assessed. The lentiviral-mediated human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) downregulation efficiency was performed at gene expression and protein level using qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Telomerase activity was evaluated using the Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol (TRAP) assay. The study revealed that hTERT downregulation led to an increased sensitivity of breast cancer cells to doxorubicin which was demonstrated in MTT and clonogenic assays. During a long-term doubling time assessment, a decreased population doubling level was observed. Interestingly, it did not dramatically affect cell cycle distribution. hTERT downregulation was accompanied by an alteration in β1-integrin- and by focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-driven pathways together with the reduction of target proteins phosphorylation, i.e., paxillin and c-Src. Additionally, autophagy activation was observed in MDA-MB-231 cells manifested by alternations in Atg5, Beclin 1, LC3II/I ratio, and p62. These results provide new evidence supporting the possible therapeutic potential of telomerase downregulation leading to induction of autophagy and cancer cells elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Romaniuk-Drapała
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (A.R.-D.); (E.T.); (N.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Ewa Totoń
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (A.R.-D.); (E.T.); (N.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Natalia Konieczna
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (A.R.-D.); (E.T.); (N.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Marta Machnik
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Barczak
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Dagmar Kowal
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (A.R.-D.); (E.T.); (N.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Przemysław Kopczyński
- Centre for Orthodontic Mini-Implants at the Department and Clinic of Maxillofacial Orthopedics and Orthodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Immunology, Chair of Clinical Immunology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 5D Rokietnicka St., 60-806 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Błażej Rubiś
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St., 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (A.R.-D.); (E.T.); (N.K.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-869-14-27
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Jang HJ, Yang JH, Hong E, Jo E, Lee S, Lee S, Choi JS, Yoo HS, Kang H. Chelidonine Induces Apoptosis via GADD45a-p53 Regulation in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211006191. [PMID: 33884928 PMCID: PMC8077490 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211006191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chelidonium majus has been used as a traditional medicine in China and western countries for various diseases, including inflammation and cancer. However, the anti-cancer effect of chelidonine, a major compound of C. majus extracts, on pancreatic cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that treatment with chelidonine inhibited proliferation of BxPC-3 and MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cells. Annexin-V/propidium iodide staining assay showed that this growth inhibitory effect of chelidonine was induced through apoptosis. We found that chelidonine treatment upregulated mRNA levels and transcription factor activity in both cell lines. Increases in protein expression levels of p53, GADD45A, p21 and cleaved caspase-3 were also observed, with more distinct changes in MIA PaCa-2 cells compared to the BxPC-3 cells. These results suggest that chelidonine induces pancreatic cancer apoptosis through the p53 and GADD45A pathways. Our findings provide new insights into the use of chelidonine for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jin Jang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Yang
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmi Hong
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbi Jo
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of
Korea
| | - Soon Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- University of Science and Technology,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghun Lee
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soon Choi
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Seung Yoo
- Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of
Daejeon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hwa Seung Yoo, East West Cancer Center,
Seoul Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Seoul 05836, Rep. of
Korea.
| | - Hyuno Kang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
- Hyuno Kang, Division of Analytical Science,
Korea Basic Science Institute, 169-148, Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34133,
Republic of Korea.
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Xie YJ, Gao WN, Wu QB, Yao XJ, Jiang ZB, Wang YW, Wang WJ, Li W, Hussain S, Liu L, Leung ELH, Fan XX. Chelidonine selectively inhibits the growth of gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells through the EGFR-AMPK pathway. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104934. [PMID: 32464330 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used for the clinical treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mutations in the EGFR. Unfortunately, due to the secondary mutation in EGFR, eventual drug-resistance is inevitable. Therefore, to overcome the resistance, new agent is urgently required. Chelidonine, extracted from the roots of Chelidonium majus, was proved to effectively suppress the growth of NSCLC cells with EGFR double mutation. Proteomics analysis indicated that mitochondrial respiratory chain was significantly inhibited by chelidonine, and inhibitor of AMPK effectively blocked the apoptosis induced by chelidonine. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that chelidonine could directly bind to EGFR and showed a much higher binding affinity to EGFRL858R/T790M than EGFRWT, which demonstrated that chelidonine could selectively inhibit the phosphorylation of EGFR in cells with EGFR double-mutation. In vivo study revealed that chelidonine has a similar inhibitory effect like second generation TKI Afatinib. In conclusion, targeting EGFR and inhibition of mitochondrial function is a promising anti-cancer therapeutic strategy for inhibiting NSCLC with EGFR mutation and TKI resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China; Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qi-Biao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Ze-Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Yu-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- TianJin NanKai Hospital, TianJin, PR China
| | - Shahid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China.
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China.
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, SAR, PR China.
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Huang X, Cheng K, Liu L, Hu X, Gao X, Li H, Xu F, Li Z, Hua H, Li D. Design, synthesis and apoptosis-related antiproliferative activities of chelidonine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126913. [PMID: 31883693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To get chelidonine derivatives with enhanced antiproliferative activity and selectivity, a series of nitric oxide donating derivatives (10a-f and 11a-j) were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. Compared with chelidonine, these compounds exhibited lower IC50 values against human hepatoma cells HepG2, breast cancer cells MCF-7, colon cancer cells HCT-116, as well as leukemia cells K562. Compound 11j displayed the strongest antiproliferative activity with IC50 values of 3.91, 6.90, 4.36 and 1.12 μM against the above four cells, respectively. Nevertheless, it showed an IC50 value >40 μM against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which demonstrated high selectivity between normal and cancer blood cells. In further mechanism studies, 11j showed the capability to induce K562 cells apoptosis, S phase cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial membrane potential disorder. Besides, 11j was found to be effective in promoting the expression of proapoptotic protein Bad and suppressing the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-xL, catalase, survivin, claspin and clusterin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Keguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, and School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Raod, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Lilin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Haonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Fanxing Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Zhanlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Huiming Hua
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Dahong Li
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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Hou FJ, Guo LX, Zheng KY, Song JN, Wang Q, Zheng YG. Chelidonine enhances the antitumor effect of lenvatinib on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6685-6697. [PMID: 31695406 PMCID: PMC6707434 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s215103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lenvatinib is a newly approved molecular targeted drug for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the high cost associated with this treatment poses a huge financial burden on patients and the entire public health system. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies that enhance the antitumor effect of lenvatinib. Methods The antitumor effects of chelidonine or/and lenvatinib on HCC cell lines MHCC97-H and LM-3 were examined using the 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2- H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. For the in-vivo investigation, the effect on subcutaneous or intrahepatic tumor growth in nude mice was also determined. The mRNA levels of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors were examined through quantitative polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. Results In the present study, we found that treatment with chelidonine enhanced the apoptotic effect of lenvatinib on HCC cells and the in-vivo growth of HCC tumors in nude mice. Mechanistically, treatment with chelidonine increased the expression of epithelial indicator E-cadherin, whereas it decreased the expression of mesenchymal indicators N-cadherin and Vimentin. These findings suggest that chelidonine restricted the EMT in HCC cells. Conclusion Chelidonine inhibits the process of EMT and enhances the antitumor effect of lenvatinib on HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jie Hou
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xiao Guo
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Yan Zheng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Na Song
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Guang Zheng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province 050200, People's Republic of China
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12
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Insights into the antineoplastic mechanism of Chelidonium majus via systems pharmacology approach. QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40484-019-0165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang X, Decker CC, Zechner L, Krstin S, Wink M. In vitro wound healing of tumor cells: inhibition of cell migration by selected cytotoxic alkaloids. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:4. [PMID: 30626448 PMCID: PMC6327619 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell migration is involved in several pathological processes such as tumor invasion, neoangiogenesis and metastasis. Microtubules are needed in directional migration. Methods To investigate the effects of microtubule-binding agents (paclitaxel, vinblastine, colchicine, podophyllotoxin), benzophenanthridine alkaloids (sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelidonine) and other anti-tumor drugs (homoharringtonine, doxorubicin) on cell migration, we performed the in vitro wound healing assay. The interactions between selected alkaloids and microtubules were studied via U2OS cells expressing microtubule-GFP markers. Results The microtubule-binding natural products paclitaxel, vinblastine, colchicine and podophyllotoxin significantly altered microtubule dynamics in living cells and inhibited cell migration at concentrations below apparent cytotoxicity. The benzophenanthridine alkaloid sanguinarine, chelerythrine and chelidonine which affected microtubules in living cells, did not inhibit cell migration. Homoharringtonine (protein biosynthesis inhibitor) and doxorubicin significantly inhibited cell migration, however, they did not exert obvious effects on microtubules. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that microtubule-binding agents are effective anti-migrating agents; moreover, homoharringtonine and doxorubicin can be referred as anti-migrating agents, but direct microtubule dynamics are not involved in their mode of action. Our study provides evidence that some alkaloids and other microtubule-binding natural products may be interesting candidates for the development of novel agents against metastasis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40360-018-0284-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Havelek R, Seifrtova M, Kralovec K, Habartova K, Cahlikova L, Rezacova M. Chelidonine and Homochelidonine Induce Cell Death through Cell Cycle Checkpoints and MAP Kinase Pathways. Nat Prod Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1701200910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the comparative in vitro cytotoxicity of chelidonine and homochelidonine on human cancer and non-cancer cells. Both alkaloids produced a decrease in cellular growth in a dose-dependent manner exhibiting greater potency in cancer cells. The growth inhibitory effect was evidenced in both ovarian carcinoma A2780 and lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells by inducing G2 and mitotic phase cell cycle arrest. Results indicated that the extent of apoptosis induced by chelidonine and homochelidonine was correlated to sensitivity to the antiproliferative activity of the evaluated compounds. Western blotting suggested that the cellular toxicological mechanism of chelidonine is related to the differential upregulation of phospho-Chk2, p21Cip1/Waf1, phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-p38 in various cell types, leading to alternations in the suppression of proliferation and either induction or prevention of apoptosis. Chelidonine showed the more potent effects and also affected the cell cycle checkpoints and MAPK signaling pathways within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radim Havelek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Seifrtova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kralovec
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Habartova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Cahlikova
- ADINACO Research group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rezacova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
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Noureini SK, Esmaeili H, Abachi F, Khiali S, Islam B, Kuta M, Saboury AA, Hoffmann M, Sponer J, Parkinson G, Haider S. Selectivity of major isoquinoline alkaloids from Chelidonium majus towards telomeric G-quadruplex: A study using a transition-FRET (t-FRET) assay. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2020-2030. [PMID: 28479277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural bioproducts are invaluable resources in drug discovery. Isoquinoline alkaloids of Chelidonium majus constitute a structurally diverse family of natural products that are of great interest, one of them being their selectivity for human telomeric G-quadruplex structure and telomerase inhibition. METHODS The study focuses on the mechanism of telomerase inhibition by stabilization of telomeric G-quadruplex structures by berberine, chelerythrine, chelidonine, sanguinarine and papaverine. Telomerase activity and mRNA levels of hTERT were estimated using quantitative telomere repeat amplification protocol (q-TRAP) and qPCR, in MCF-7 cells treated with different groups of alkaloids. The selectivity of the main isoquinoline alkaloids of Chelidonium majus towards telomeric G-quadruplex forming sequences were explored using a sensitive modified thermal FRET-melting measurement in the presence of the complementary oligonucleotide CT22. We assessed and monitored G-quadruplex topologies using circular dichroism (CD) methods, and compared spectra to previously well-characterized motifs, either alone or in the presence of the alkaloids. Molecular modeling was performed to rationalize ligand binding to the G-quadruplex structure. RESULTS The results highlight strong inhibitory effects of chelerythrine, sanguinarine and berberine on telomerase activity, most likely through substrate sequestration. These isoquinoline alkaloids interacted strongly with telomeric sequence G-quadruplex. In comparison, chelidonine and papaverine had no significant interaction with the telomeric quadruplex, while they strongly inhibited telomerase at transcription level of hTERT. Altogether, all of the studied alkaloids showed various levels and mechanisms of telomerase inhibition. CONCLUSIONS We report on a comparative study of anti-telomerase activity of the isoquinoline alkaloids of Chelidonium majus. Chelerythrine was most effective in inhibiting telomerase activity by substrate sequesteration through G-quadruplex stabilization. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding structural and molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer agents can help in developing new and more potent drugs with fewer side effects. Isoquinolines are the most biologically active agents from Chelidonium majus, which have shown to be telomeric G-quadruplex stabilizers and potent telomerase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Kazemi Noureini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, P.O.Box: 397, Sabzevar, Iran.
| | - Hosein Esmaeili
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, P.O.Box: 397, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Farzane Abachi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, P.O.Box: 397, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Soraia Khiali
- UCL School of Pharmacy, Brunswick Square, London, UK
| | - Barira Islam
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ali A Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jiri Sponer
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Campus Bohunice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Shozeb Haider
- UCL School of Pharmacy, Brunswick Square, London, UK.
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Guo W, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zheng H. Inhibiting autophagy increases epirubicin's cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1610-1621. [PMID: 27560771 PMCID: PMC5132286 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and endocrinotherapy are documented to induce autophagy among breast cancer cells, but the role of autophagy in this disease has been attributed as cytoprotective as well as tumor-suppressing. Thus we studied MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell lines treated with epirubicin (EPI) to assess autophagy and apoptosis. We found out that EPI induced apoptosis and autophagy in both cell lines. The lysosomal inhibitor bafilomycin A1 inhibited cellular autophagy and enhanced EPI-triggered apoptosis, perhaps due to inhibition of autolysosome formation, which then inhibited autophagic effects of engulfing and clearing damaged mitochondria. This inhibition increased mitochondrial cytochrome C release which augmented epirubicin-induced caspase-dependent apoptosis and cytotoxicity. In addition, the lysosomal neutralizing agent ammonia chloride (AC), and Atg7 knockdown by siRNA, could inhibit epirubicin-triggered autophagy, enhance cytotoxicity, and increase caspase-9- and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis. Thus, autophagy plays a prosurvival role in EPI-treated MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 cells, and autophagy inhibition can potentially reverse this effect and increase the cytotoxicity of EPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of CancerWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of CancerWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of CancerWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yan‐Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of CancerWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hong Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of CancerWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
- State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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Deljanin M, Nikolic M, Baskic D, Todorovic D, Djurdjevic P, Zaric M, Stankovic M, Todorovic M, Avramovic D, Popovic S. Chelidonium majus crude extract inhibits migration and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in tumor cell lines. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 190:362-371. [PMID: 27350008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chelidonium majus L (Papaveraceae) is widely used in alternative medicine for treatment of various disorders. Antitumor activities of alkaloids isolated from this plant have been reviewed, while there are only a few studies that examine properties of the whole extract. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to investigate direct cytotoxic effects, as well as indirect antitumor effects of Chelidonium majus ethanolic extract against different tumor cell lines,. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT and SRB assays were performed to estimate cytotoxic effects of Chelidonium majus extract against human tumor cell lines A549, H460, HCT 116, SW480, MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Type of cell death induced by extract was determined by flow cytometry and cell morphology assessment. Inhibitory effect on migration of cancer cells was assessed by wound healing assay. RESULTS Chelidonium majus extract showed selective time- and dose-dependent increase of cytotoxicity in all six cell lines, with individual cell line sensitivities. Extract promoted cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. Cotreatment with doxorubicin enhanced cytotoxicity of the drug. Also, inhibitory effect on migration was shown with non-toxic extract concentration. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate possible usefulness of Chelidonium majus crude extract in antitumor therapy, whether through its direct cytotoxic effect, by prevention of metastasis, or as adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Deljanin
- College for Preschool Teachers, Cirila i Metodija 22, 37000 Krusevac, Serbia.
| | - Mladen Nikolic
- College of Applied Technical Studies and Technology, Kosanciceva 36, 37000 Krusevac, Serbia.
| | - Dejan Baskic
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Danijela Todorovic
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Predrag Djurdjevic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milan Zaric
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milan Stankovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovica 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milos Todorovic
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Dusko Avramovic
- Special Hospital for Internal Desease, Vojvode Misica 2, 11400 Mladenovac, Serbia.
| | - Suzana Popovic
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Havelek R, Seifrtova M, Kralovec K, Krocova E, Tejkalova V, Novotny I, Cahlikova L, Safratova M, Opletal L, Bilkova Z, Vavrova J, Rezacova M. Comparative cytotoxicity of chelidonine and homochelidonine, the dimethoxy analogues isolated from Chelidonium majus L. (Papaveraceae), against human leukemic and lung carcinoma cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:253-66. [PMID: 26969379 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The search for new anticancer compounds is a crucial element of natural products research. PURPOSE In this study the effects of naturally occurring homochelidonine in comparison to chelidonine on cell cycle progression and cell death in leukemic T-cells with different p53 status are described. METHODS The mechanism of cytotoxic, antiproliferative, apoptosis-inducing effects and the effect on expressions of cell cycle regulatory proteins was investigated using XTT assay, Trypan blue exclusion assay, flow cytometry, Western blot analysis, xCELLigence, epi-fluorescence and 3D super resolution microscopy. A549 cells were used for xCELLigence, clonogenic assay and for monitoring microtubule stability. RESULTS We found that homochelidonine and chelidonine displayed significant cytotoxicity in examined blood cancer cells with the exception of HEL 92.1.7 and U-937 exposed to homochelidonine. Unexpectedly, homochelidonine and chelidonine-induced cytotoxicity was more pronounced in Jurkat cells contrary to MOLT-4 cells. Homochelidonine showed an antiproliferative effect on A549 cells but it was less effective compared to chelidonine. Biphasic dose-depended G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest along with the population of sub-G1 was found after treatment with homochelidonine in MOLT-4 cells. In variance thereto, an increase in G2/M cells was detected after treatment with homochelidonine in Jurkat cells. Treatment with chelidonine induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M cell cycle in both MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells treated with homochelidonine and chelidonine showed features of apoptosis such as phosphatidylserine exposure, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in the caspases -3/7, -8 and -9. Western blots indicate that homochelidonine and chelidonine exposure activates Chk1 and Chk2. Studies conducted with fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that chelidonine and homochelidonine inhibit tubulin polymerization in A549 cells. CONCLUSION Collectively, the data indicate that chelidonine and homochelidonine are potent inducers of cell death in cancer cell lines, highlighting their potential relevance in leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radim Havelek
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic.
| | - Martina Seifrtova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Simkova 870, Hradec Kralove 500 38, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Kralovec
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Krocova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Tejkalova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Novotny
- Flow Cytometry and Light Microscopy, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Cahlikova
- ADINACO Research group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Safratova
- ADINACO Research group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomir Opletal
- ADINACO Research group, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, Hradec Kralove 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bilkova
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentska 573, Pardubice 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Jirina Vavrova
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence in Brno, Trebesska 1575, Hradec Kralove 500 01, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Rezacova
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University in Prague, Simkova 870, Hradec Kralove 500 38, Czech Republic
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Noureini SK, Wink M. Dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of boldine in HepG-2 cells-telomerase inhibition and apoptosis induction. Molecules 2015; 20:3730-43. [PMID: 25719742 PMCID: PMC6272231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20033730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant metabolites are valuable sources of novel therapeutic compounds. In an anti-telomerase screening study of plant secondary metabolites, the aporphine alkaloid boldine (1,10-dimethoxy-2,9-dihydroxyaporphine) exhibited a dose and time dependent cytotoxicity against hepatocarcinoma HepG-2 cells. Here we focus on the modes and mechanisms of the growth-limiting effects of this compound. Telomerase activity and expression level of some related genes were estimated by real-time PCR. Modes of cell death also were examined by microscopic inspection, staining methods and by evaluating the expression level of some critically relevant genes. The growth inhibition was correlated with down-regulation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT) gene (p < 0.01) and the corresponding reduction of telomerase activity in sub-cytotoxic concentrations of boldine (p < 0.002). However, various modes of cell death were stimulated, depending on the concentration of boldine. Very low concentrations of boldine over a few passages resulted in an accumulation of senescent cells so that HepG-2 cells lost their immortality. Moreover, boldine induced apoptosis concomitantly with increasing the expression of bax/bcl2 (p < 0.02) and p21 (p < 0.01) genes. Boldine might thus be an interesting candidate as a potential natural compound that suppresses telomerase activity in non-toxic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Kazemi Noureini
- Deptartment of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, P.O. Box 397, Sabzevar, 9617966376 Iran.
| | - Michael Wink
- Department of Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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