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Wang J, Liu X, Pan D, Cai X, Xue Y, Huang J. Chronic kidney disease in the shadow of COVID-19: insights from the bibliometric analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:683-697. [PMID: 37466905 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to present the current status and frontiers of research on COVID-19 in relation to chronic kidney disease through bibliometric analysis and visualization. METHODS Access to information through the Web of Science Core Collection, retrieved from December 2019 to May 2023. The bibliometric visualization of countries, institutions, and keywords was analyzed using VOSviewer. RESULTS A total of 1038 publications are included. The global scientific community showed a high level of collaborative consensus. The three countries with the most publications are the USA, China, and the UK. The institution with the most publications is Harvard Medical School. The research frontier for 2020 is thrombosis, for 2021 is telemedicine, for 2022 is depression, and for 2019-2023 is the COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSIONS This is the first bibliometric report to establish a link between COVID-19 and CKD. The USA, China, and some European countries and their institutions are major contributors to these publications. Thrombosis, telemedicine, depression, and COVID-19 vaccines are current hot topics in the field and have the potential to shape future research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Renal DivisionKey Laboratory of Renal DiseaseKey Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, 100034, China.
| | - Xingzi Liu
- Renal DivisionKey Laboratory of Renal DiseaseKey Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Dikang Pan
- Vascular Surgery Department, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xintian Cai
- Department of Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Province, China
| | - Yuzhou Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing Huang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Khan Z, Mlawa G, Islam S, Elshowaya S, Saleem M. A Retrospective Study on the Outcome of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients Admitted to a District General Hospital and Predictors of High Mortality. Cureus 2024; 16:e53432. [PMID: 38435221 PMCID: PMC10908435 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical features and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary between patients and countries. Patients with certain conditions are predisposed to poor outcomes compared with those without medical conditions, such as diabetes, dementia, and hypertension (HTN). METHODS The aim of this retrospective study was to assess factors associated with higher mortality in patients with COVID-19 infections and to identify the reason for hospital admission in these patients. The study was performed on patients admitted between 1 and 31 March 2020. Data collection was done retrospectively from electronic medical records. RESULTS There were 269 patient admissions during this period, of which 147 were included in this audit. The mean age of COVID-19-positive patients was 62.8 years and 65.9 years for COVID-19-negative patients during this period. Forty-seven patients requiring hospital admission were COVID-19 positive and 93 were COVID-19 negative. There were no COVID-19 swabs in the seven patients included in the audit. Approximately 50% of the COVID-19-positive patients presented with fever and shortness of breath (sob), followed by dyspnea and cough (seven patients). The most common comorbidity was HTN, followed by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and ischemic heart disease (IHD). The survival rate was 72.3% in COVID-19-positive patients and 80% in COVID-19-negative patients. The average length of stay was 14.4 days for COVID-19-positive survivors compared to 7.8 days for COVID-19-negative survivors. Most patients who tested positive for COVID-19 infection received oseltamivir vaccination and antibiotics. The presence of HTN, diabetes mellitus (DM), age, and organ failure was associated with a high mortality risk. CONCLUSION Our study supports the findings of previous studies that diabetes, HTN, coronary artery disease, old age, and organ failure were associated with high mortality in patients admitted to hospitals with COVID-19 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Khan
- Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR
- Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, London, GBR
- Cardiology and General Medicine, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
- Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Gideon Mlawa
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes and Endocrinology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
| | - Saiful Islam
- General Medicine and Gastroenterology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
| | - Suhier Elshowaya
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes and Endocrinology, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Internal Medicine, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
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Niu Y, Liu Y, Ren S. Investigation on anxiety and depression of different populations in the area with low incidence of New Coronavirus pneumonia and analysis of related factors. Pak J Med Sci 2023; 39:380-384. [PMID: 36950408 PMCID: PMC10025738 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.39.2.7136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the anxiety and depression status and related factors of different populations in the area with low incidence of New Coronavirus pneumonia. Methods The anxiety and depression of 106 residents of different ages, different places of residence and different epidemic situations in Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China were assessed from February 18, 2020 to February 20, 2020. The psychological status of different groups was evaluated by self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the questionnaire data were analyzed retrospectively. The general data of all residents were collected, and the factors affecting the mental health status of different populations were studied by multiple linear regression with the scores of depression and anxiety as dependent variables. Result The SAS and SDS scores of anxiety and depression were (51.79±12.11) and (57.01±11.40) respectively. The positive rates of anxiety and depression were 38.68% and 47.17%, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, close attention to the daily epidemic progress, and having infected and sick relatives and friends were independent risk factors affecting residents' SAS score (P<0.05). Additionally, marital status, health self-assessment and close attention to the daily epidemic progress every day were independent risk factors affecting residents' SDS score (P<0.05). Conclusion Residents in low-incidence areas are prone to anxiety and depression. Marital status, health self-assessment, paying attention to the progress of the epidemic every day and monitoring the disease progress in relatives and friends are independent risk factors contributing to the anxiety and depression of the residents. Corresponding protective measures should be taken to improve the local epidemic prevention and control level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Niu
- Yuan Niu, Xingtai People’s Hospital Office, Hebei Province, P.R. China, 054001
| | - Yincai Liu
- Yincai Liu, Department of Rheumatology, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Hebei Province, P.R. China, 054001
| | - Songna Ren
- Songna Ren, Xingtai Third Hospital, Hebei Province, P.R. China, 054000
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Firat M, Vardar-Yagli N, Saglam M, Yildirim T, Erdem Y. Quality of life and physical activity level in patients with chronic kidney disease during COVID-19 pandemic. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:640-647. [PMID: 36128610 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2119481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic process may affect the physical and psychosocial health in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life, physical activity, fear of COVID-19 and mental health in CKD patients and healthy individualsand compare the aforementioned parameters in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and renal transplantation (RTx) patients during the pandemic. Eighty-two patients (33 ESRD, 49 RTx) and age-gender matched 108 healthy individuals were included. Quality of life (Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire-SF-36), physical activity (short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -IPAQ-SF), fear of COVID-19 (Fear of COVID-19 Scale-FCV-19S) and mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-HADS) were evaluated. Physical activity levels and all SF-36 scores except mental health in CKD patients were significantly lower than healthy individuals (p < 0.05). FCV-19S and HADS scores were similar between the groups (p > 0.05). ESRD patients' pain and general health perceptions scores of SF-36 were lower than RTx patients' (p < 0.05). Quality of life and physical activity levels were worse in CKD patients compared to healthy individuals during the pandemic. The participants had fear of COVID-19, poor mental health and low physical activity. For these reasons, psychosocial and physical activity interventions for the both groups may be beneficial for the affected outcomes during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Firat
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naciye Vardar-Yagli
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melda Saglam
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tolga Yildirim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yunus Erdem
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Elkhatib WF, Abdelkareem SS, Khalaf WS, Shahin MI, Elfadil D, Alhazmi A, El-Batal AI, El-Sayyad GS. Narrative review on century of respiratory pandemics from Spanish flu to COVID-19 and impact of nanotechnology on COVID-19 diagnosis and immune system boosting. Virol J 2022; 19:167. [PMID: 36280866 PMCID: PMC9589879 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of the highly lethal severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-2) as corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) reminded us of the history of other pandemics that happened in the last century (Spanish flu) and stayed in the current century, which include Severe-Acute-Respiratory-Syndrome (SARS), Middle-East-Respiratory-Syndrome (MERS), Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19). We review in this report the newest findings and data on the origin of pandemic respiratory viral diseases, reservoirs, and transmission modes. We analyzed viral adaption needed for host switch and determinants of pathogenicity, causative factors of pandemic viruses, and symptoms and clinical manifestations. After that, we concluded the host factors associated with pandemics morbidity and mortality (immune responses and immunopathology, ages, and effect of pandemics on pregnancy). Additionally, we focused on the burdens of COVID-19, non-pharmaceutical interventions (quarantine, mass gatherings, facemasks, and hygiene), and medical interventions (antiviral therapies and vaccines). Finally, we investigated the nanotechnology between COVID-19 analysis and immune system boosting (Nanoparticles (NPs), antimicrobial NPs as antivirals and immune cytokines). This review presents insights about using nanomaterials to treat COVID-19, improve the bioavailability of the abused drugs, diminish their toxicity, and improve their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid F Elkhatib
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization St., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
| | - Shereen S Abdelkareem
- Department of Alumni, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Entertainment Area, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wafaa S Khalaf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11751, Egypt
| | - Mona I Shahin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Tymaa, Tabuk University, Tymaa, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dounia Elfadil
- Biology and Chemistry Department, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Alaa Alhazmi
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I El-Batal
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gharieb S El-Sayyad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala City, Suez, Egypt.
- Drug Microbiology Laboratory, Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
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Powathil GG, Kr A. Perception of Social Workers on the Psychosocial Issues of End-Stage Renal Disease Patients during COVID-19: A Qualitative Study. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 37:679-691. [PMID: 35502498 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2022.2072441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the routine care of patients with chronic illnesses. Patients with existing conditions such as diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are more susceptible to COVID-19 and are likely to experience more severe illnesses. COVID-19 infection leads to adverse clinical outcomes, more severe disease, higher mortality, and poor prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease. The patient and caregiver would be in extreme distress with the fear of getting infected from the frequent exposure. The present study attempts to explore the perception of social workers on the psychosocial issues of persons with End-Stage Renal Disease during the COVID-19 pandemic period by using social cognitive theory and the social-ecological model as theoretical frameworks. Our study followed a qualitative design that employed a thematic analysis approach. We conducted in-depth telephonic interviews with six social workers in the nephrology setting. Three theme categories emerged as per data analysis. The first was the social worker's perception of psychosocial issues of patients with End-Stage Renal Disease. The second theme was related to the emerging role of the social worker and the skills acquired during this period and the third theme was the challenges experienced and the resilience of social workers in the nephrology setting. The study shows that patients are in extreme distress as they are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and it also highlighted the significance of social work practice in the nephrology setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anish Kr
- Department of Social Work, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi, India
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Karattuthodi MS, Thorakkattil SA, Abdulsalim S, Sridhar SB, Parakkal SA, Arain S, Madathil H, Karumbaru Kuzhiyil A, Mohammed Ahmed Ageeli M, Unnikrishnan MK. The Pharmacist's Role in Managing COVID-19 in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Review of Existing Strategies and Future Implications. PHARMACY 2022; 10:pharmacy10040094. [PMID: 36005934 PMCID: PMC9412434 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has not only disrupted healthcare delivery but has also compromised patients’ access to healthcare on account of the scarcity of medications and trained healthcare professionals. COVID-19 has been particularly challenging for patient subpopulations constituting immunocompromised individuals, geriatric patients, and those afflicted by chronic ailments. Reports indicate that diminished kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) renders patients highly susceptible to complications during COVID-19 treatment. Pharmacists, being medication experts, have a significant role in making treatment decisions during COVID-19 infection. This article describes pharmacists’ interventions for monitoring and managing COVID-19 in patients with CKD. Given the massive increase in off-label use of medications to treat COVID-19, pharmacists can contribute substantially towards dosing decisions, reporting adverse medication events, and managing drug–drug interactions in COVID-19 patients suffering from CKD. In addition to traditional methods of delivering their services, the pharmacist should also adopt innovative tele-health systems to optimize patient care and ensure that patients receive safe and effective therapy during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salim Karattuthodi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
- Correspondence: (M.S.K.); (S.A.T.); Tel.: +91-96-5679-8071 (M.S.K.)
| | - Shabeer Ali Thorakkattil
- Pharmacy Services Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH), Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.S.K.); (S.A.T.); Tel.: +91-96-5679-8071 (M.S.K.)
| | - Suhaj Abdulsalim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sathvik Belagodu Sridhar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sainul Abideen Parakkal
- Pharmacy Services Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH), Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia
| | - Savera Arain
- Pharmacy Services Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH), Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafees Madathil
- Pharmacy Services Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare (JHAH), Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia
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Gambella A, Barreca A, Biancone L, Roccatello D, Peruzzi L, Besso L, Licata C, Attanasio A, Papotti M, Cassoni P. Spectrum of Kidney Injury Following COVID-19 Disease: Renal Biopsy Findings in a Single Italian Pathology Service. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020298. [PMID: 35204798 PMCID: PMC8961620 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a pandemic infection, has led to increasing insights on its pathophysiology and clinical features being revealed, such as a noticeable kidney involvement. In this study, we describe the histopathological, immunofluorescence, and ultrastructural features of biopsy-proven kidney injury observed in a series of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases in our institution from April 2020 to November 2021. We retrieved and retrospectively reviewed nine cases (two pediatric and seven adults) that experienced nephrotic syndrome (six cases), acute kidney injury (two cases), and a clinically silent microhematuria and leukocyturia. Kidney biopsies were investigated by means of light microscopy, direct immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. The primary diagnoses were minimal change disease (four cases), acute tubular necrosis (two cases), collapsing glomerulopathy (two cases), and C3 glomerulopathy (one case). None of the cases showed viral or viral-like particles on ultrastructural analysis. Novel and specific histologic features on kidney biopsy related to SARS-CoV-2 infection have been gradually disclosed and reported, harboring relevant clinical and therapeutic implications. Recognizing and properly diagnosing renal involvement in patients experiencing COVID-19 could be challenging (due to the lack of direct proof of viral infection, e.g., viral particles) and requires a proper integration of clinical and pathological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gambella
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Antonella Barreca
- Pathology Unit, “Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino” University Hospital, Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Luigi Biancone
- Division of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Dario Roccatello
- CMID, Coordinating Center of the Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley, Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (ERK-Net Member), San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital, University of Turin, 10144 Turin, Italy;
| | - Licia Peruzzi
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Regina Margherita Department, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Luca Besso
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, AO S. Croce e Carle di Cuneo, 12100 Cuneo, Italy;
| | - Carolina Licata
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, ASL TO4, 10073 Ciriè, Italy;
| | - Angelo Attanasio
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Anxiety, fear and stress feelings of road users during daily walking in COVID-19 pandemic: Sicilian cities. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA 2022. [PMCID: PMC8915786 DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced people’s lifestyles including their travel choices. The pandemic resulted in placing restrictions in travelling throughout Italy due to the obligatory need for social distancing and changes in public transport services. City residents changed their mobility patterns and started using their private vehicles more often instead of public transport, while choosing to walk or cycle for short distance trips. Governments and local authorities encouraged citizens to use sustainable travel modes, particularly walking, during the pandemic period. However, the high number of infections and deaths, especially in Italy, has strongly influenced the propensity of walking due to the emotional aspects of travelling. This paper presents a statistical analysis based on data gathered through a questionnaire in urban areas of Sicily focusing on travel by walking for either leisure or work. The evaluation of negative emotions that people who habitually walk for short distances in the study areas is the main focus of the present work.The data indicated a variation between three emotions: anxiety, stress, and fear. These emotions had a potential to influence people’s daily life and, as a result, their travel habits.
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ŞENCAN İ, BULUT D, ŞENCAN İH, AĞALAR C. Global health emergencies during the pandemic and their solutions. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:3194-3206. [PMID: 34365778 PMCID: PMC8771008 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2106-183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we evaluated health care problems, which were not common before pandemic outbreak but have been common issues after its appereance and approaches to control pandemic considering its influences on people. We revised current health care developing approaches under the light of experience obtained throughout the pandemic so far. The aim is to be prepared in advance for possible upcoming pandemics. As in Covid 19 pandemics, such long lasting and widely affecting situations, durability is also very important together with flexibility and quickness. To provide durability, we need global policies taking the health to its center as well as health system policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrfan ŞENCAN
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences University, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Teaching and Research Hospital, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Dilek BULUT
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Health Sciences University, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Teaching and Research Hospital, AnkaraTurkey
| | - İsmail Hakkı ŞENCAN
- Department of General Surgery, Health Sciences University, Ankara Teaching and Research Hospital, AnkaraTurkey
| | - Canan AĞALAR
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Fenerbahçe University, Medicana Ataşehir Hospital, İstanbulTurkey
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11
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Shafiee MA, Hosseini SF, Mortazavi M, Emami A, Mojtahed Zadeh M, Moradi S, Shaker P. Anticoagulation therapy in COVID-19 patients with chronic kidney disease. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 26:63. [PMID: 34729071 PMCID: PMC8506255 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_875_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Coagulopathy and derangements in the coagulation parameters are significant features of COVID-19 infection, which increases the risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombosis, and hemorrhage in these patients, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. In times of COVID-19, special consideration should be given to patients with concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD) and COVID-19 (CKD/COVID-19 patients) as renal dysfunction increases their risk of thrombosis and hemorrhage, and falsely affects some of the coagulation factors, which are currently utilized to assess thrombosis risk in patients with COVID-19. Hence, we believe extra attention should be given to determining the risk of thrombosis and bleeding and optimizing the timing and dosage of anticoagulant therapy in this unique population of patients. CKD/COVID-19 patients are considered a high-risk population for thrombotic events and hemorrhage. Furthermore, effects of renal function on paraclinical and clinical data should be considered during the evaluation and interpretation of thrombosis risk stratification. Individualized evaluation of clinical status and kidney function is necessary to determine the best approach and management for anticoagulant therapy, whereas there is a lack of studies about the population of CKD/COVID-19 patients who need anticoagulant therapy now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Shafiee
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sayyideh Forough Hosseini
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mojgan Mortazavi
- Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Anahita Emami
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mahtab Mojtahed Zadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sanaz Moradi
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pouyan Shaker
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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12
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Nogueira GM, Oliveira MS, Moura AF, Cruz CMS, Moura-Neto JA. COVID-19 in dialysis units: A comprehensive review. World J Virol 2021; 10:264-274. [PMID: 34631476 PMCID: PMC8474976 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v10.i5.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been challenging for healthcare professionals worldwide. One of the populations affected by the pandemic are patients on renal replacement therapy, as kidney disease is an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 and maintenance dialysis (a life-sustaining therapy) cannot be interrupted in the vast majority of cases. Over the past months, several authors and medical societies have published recommendations and guidelines on the management of this population. This article is a comprehensive review regarding the measures to prevent, contain and deal with a COVID-19 pandemic in the dialysis setting. We recapitulate the epidemiology and pathophysiology of COVID-19 in kidney dysfunction and present the main recommendations concerning the screening of healthcare personnel, dialysis patients and visitors as well as measures to improve the safety of the dialysis facilities’ environments. In addition to preventive measures, this article briefly describes actions directed towards management of an outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within a dialysis facility, the management of complications in dialysis patients with COVID-19 and overall data regarding the management of children with kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Martins Nogueira
- Department of Medicine, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil
| | - Moisés Santana Oliveira
- Department of Medicine, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Moura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil
| | - Constança Margarida Sampaio Cruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Santo Antônio, Salvador 40415-006, Brazil
| | - José A Moura-Neto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador 40290-000, Brazil
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España PP, Bilbao A, García-Gutiérrez S, Lafuente I, Anton-Ladislao A, Villanueva A, Uranga A, Legarreta MJ, Aguirre U, Quintana JM. Predictors of mortality of COVID-19 in the general population and nursing homes. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:1487-1496. [PMID: 33400164 PMCID: PMC7783294 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-020-02594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The factors that predispose an individual to a higher risk of death from COVID-19 are poorly understood. The goal of the study was to identify factors associated with risk of death among patients with COVID-19. This is a retrospective cohort study of people with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from February to May 22, 2020. Data retrieved for this study included patient sociodemographic data, baseline comorbidities, baseline treatments, other background data on care provided in hospital or primary care settings, and vital status. Main outcome was deaths until June 29, 2020. In the multivariable model based on nursing home residents, predictors of mortality were being male, older than 80 years, admitted to a hospital for COVID-19, and having cardiovascular disease, kidney disease or dementia while taking anticoagulants or lipid-lowering drugs at baseline was protective. The AUC was 0.754 for the risk score based on this model and 0.717 in the validation subsample. Predictors of death among people from the general population were being male and/or older than 60 years, having been hospitalized in the month before admission for COVID-19, being admitted to a hospital for COVID-19, having cardiovascular disease, dementia, respiratory disease, liver disease, diabetes with organ damage, or cancer while being on anticoagulants was protective. The AUC was 0.941 for this model's risk score and 0.938 in the validation subsample. Our risk scores could help physicians identify high-risk groups and establish preventive measures and better follow-up for patients at high risk of dying.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04463706.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pablo España
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Respiratory Service, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- BioCruces-Bizkaia Health Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Amaia Bilbao
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Susana García-Gutiérrez
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Iratxe Lafuente
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ane Anton-Ladislao
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ane Villanueva
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ane Uranga
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Respiratory Service, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- BioCruces-Bizkaia Health Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Legarreta
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- BioCruces-Bizkaia Health Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Urko Aguirre
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Quintana
- Osakidetza/Basque Health Service, Research Unit, Galdakao University Hospital, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain.
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Bizkaia, Spain.
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain.
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14
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Weir MR. Managing Anemia across the Stages of Kidney Disease in Those Hyporesponsive to Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents. Am J Nephrol 2021; 52:450-466. [PMID: 34280923 DOI: 10.1159/000516901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with CKD frequently have anemia that results from iron-restricted erythropoiesis and inflammation. Anemia of CKD is currently managed with iron supplements and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to promote erythropoiesis and with RBC transfusion in severe cases. Hyporesponse to ESAs, or the need for larger than usual doses to attain a given hemoglobin (Hb) level, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and presents a pressing clinical challenge, particularly for patients on dialysis. This paper reviews ESA hyporesponse and potential new therapeutic options in the management of anemia of CKD. SUMMARY The most common causes of ESA hyporesponse include iron deficiency and inflammation, and to a lesser degree, secondary hyperparathyroidism, inadequate dialysis, malnutrition, and concomitant medications. Management of ESA hyporesponse is multipronged and involves treating low level infections, ensuring adequate nutrition, and optimizing iron status and dialysis modality, although some patients can remain refractory. Inflammation directly increases production and secretion of hepcidin, contributes to an impaired response to hypoxia, and suppresses proliferation of erythroid progenitors. Coordination of renal and hepatic erythropoietin (EPO) production and iron metabolism is under the control of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), which are in turn regulated by HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (HIF-PHs). HIF-PHs and hepcidin are therefore attractive potential drug targets particularly in patients with ESA hyporesponse. Several oral HIF-PH inhibitors have been evaluated in patients with anemia of CKD and have been shown to increase Hb and reduce hepcidin regardless of inflammation, iron status, or dialysis modality. These sustained effects are achieved through more modest increases in endogenous EPO compared with ESAs. Key Messages: Treatments that address ESA hyporesponse remain a significant unmet clinical need in patients with anemia of CKD. New therapies such as HIF-PH inhibitors have the potential to address fundamental aspects of ESA hyporesponse and provide a new therapeutic option in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Weir
- Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Connealy MB, Lew SQ, Alsamman M, Lange JJ, Pourmand A. The emergency department care for hemodialysis patient during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Emerg Med 2020; 40:47-54. [PMID: 33348223 PMCID: PMC7732232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic poses significant challenges to patients with end-stage kidney disease who receive treatment in outpatient dialysis centers. These patients represent a fragile population that is at higher risk for both infection and transmission. At the start of the pandemic, many suspected COVID-19 dialysis patients were diverted to the emergency department (ED) for testing/treatment, placing a tremendous burden on the ED and inpatient dialysis units. Several recommendations and guidelines have been established to optimize patient care while also decreasing the burden on the ED and inpatient dialysis units and maximizing the ability to perform outpatient hemodialysis. As the pandemic continues, dialysis facilities will have an increasing burden to provide safe and accessible dialysis, while also being able to direct patients to the ED for either emergent dialysis or COVID-19 treatment/testing. We reviewed opinions, recommendations and guidelines developed by professional organizations and dialysis facilities for the management of "patients under investigation" (PUIs) and COVID-19 positive patients that depend on whether the suspicion occurs while the patient is at home vs. at the dialysis center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margeaux B Connealy
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Susie Q Lew
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.
| | - Marya Alsamman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.
| | - Joel J Lange
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ali Pourmand
- Department of Emergency Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States.
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Delfino VDA, Nascimento MMD, Barros Neto JDR. Covid-19 (Sars-Cov-2 Infection) Information for Patients with Predialytic Chronic Kidney Disease. J Bras Nefrol 2020; 42:12-14. [PMID: 32877492 PMCID: PMC7479974 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-s104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease are among those individuals at increased risk for developing more serious forms of Covid-19. This increased risk starts in the pre-dialysis phase of the disease. Providing useful information for these patients, in language that facilitates the understanding of the disease, can help nephrologists and other healthcare professionals to establish a more effective communication with these patients and help minimize contagion and the risks of serious illness in this population.
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17
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Okoro RN. COVID-19 pandemic: The role of community pharmacists in chronic kidney disease management supportive care. Res Social Adm Pharm 2020; 17:1925-1928. [PMID: 33317766 PMCID: PMC7341043 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is putting enormous pressure on healthcare systems worldwide and various countries are struggling to flatten the curve to prevent their healthcare system from becoming overwhelmed. Studies have shown that people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality. However, the interruption of routine care and support due to the current challenges with healthcare providers, facilities, and essential medicines due to this pandemic is adversely affecting people with CKD. This is because poor management of this disease leads to negative health outcomes. In order to maintain good health, this vulnerable group of patients rely heavily on the extended role of the community pharmacists in chronic disease management. This paper highlights the extended role of the community pharmacists in CKD management supportive care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Nnaemeka Okoro
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
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