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Ang DA, Carter JM, Deka K, Tan JHL, Zhou J, Chen Q, Chng WJ, Harmston N, Li Y. Aberrant non-canonical NF-κB signalling reprograms the epigenome landscape to drive oncogenic transcriptomes in multiple myeloma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2513. [PMID: 38514625 PMCID: PMC10957915 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In multiple myeloma, abnormal plasma cells establish oncogenic niches within the bone marrow by engaging the NF-κB pathway to nurture their survival while they accumulate pro-proliferative mutations. Under these conditions, many cases eventually develop genetic abnormalities endowing them with constitutive NF-κB activation. Here, we find that sustained NF-κB/p52 levels resulting from such mutations favours the recruitment of enhancers beyond the normal B-cell repertoire. Furthermore, through targeted disruption of p52, we characterise how such enhancers are complicit in the formation of super-enhancers and the establishment of cis-regulatory interactions with myeloma dependencies during constitutive activation of p52. Finally, we functionally validate the pathological impact of these cis-regulatory modules on cell and tumour phenotypes using in vitro and in vivo models, confirming RGS1 as a p52-dependent myeloma driver. We conclude that the divergent epigenomic reprogramming enforced by aberrant non-canonical NF-κB signalling potentiates transcriptional programs beneficial for multiple myeloma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Ang
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Jean-Michel Carter
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Kamalakshi Deka
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Joel H L Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Jianbiao Zhou
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Republic of Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Republic of Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), The National University Health System (NUHS), 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527, Singapore
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
- Molecular Biosciences Division, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Yinghui Li
- School of Biological Sciences (SBS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
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Ding X, Li X, Jiang Y, Li Y, Li H, Shang L, Feng G, Zhang H, Xu Z, Yang L, Li B, Zhao RC. RGS20 promotes non-small cell lung carcinoma proliferation via autophagy activation and inhibition of the PKA-Hippo signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:93. [PMID: 38431606 PMCID: PMC10909273 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed for treating drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and overcoming drug resistance to molecular-targeted therapies. Regulator of G protein signaling 20 (RGS20) is identified as an upregulated factor in many cancers, yet its specific role and the mechanism through which RGS20 functions in NSCLC remain unclear. Our study aimed to identify the role of RGS20 in NSCLC prognosis and delineate associated cellular and molecular pathways. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and lung cancer tissue microarray were used to verify the expression of RGS20 between NSCLC patients. CCK8 and cell cloning were conducted to determine the proliferation ability of H1299 and Anip973 cells in vitro. Furthermore, Transcriptome sequencing was performed to show enrichment genes and pathways. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the translocation changes of YAP to nucleus. Western blotting demonstrated different expressions of autophagy and the Hippo-PKA signal pathway. In vitro and in vivo experiments verified whether overexpression of RGS20 affect the proliferation and autophagy of NSCLC through regulating the Hippo pathway. RESULTS The higher RGS20 expression was found to be significantly correlated with a poorer five-year survival rate. Further, RGS20 accelerated cell proliferation by increasing autophagy. Transcriptomic sequencing suggested the involvement of the Hippo signaling pathway in the action of RGS20 in NSCLC. RGS20 activation reduced YAP phosphorylation and facilitated its nuclear translocation. Remarkably, inhibiting Hippo signaling with GA-017 promoted cell proliferation and activated autophagy in RGS20 knock-down cells. However, forskolin, a GPCR activator, increased YAP phosphorylation and reversed the promoting effect of RGS20 in RGS20-overexpressing cells. Lastly, in vivo experiments further confirmed role of RGS20 in aggravating tumorigenicity, as its overexpression increased NSCLC cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that RGS20 drives NSCLC cell proliferation by triggering autophagy via the inhibition of PKA-Hippo signaling. These insights support the role of RGS20 as a promising novel molecular marker and a target for future targeted therapies in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ding
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanxia Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lipeng Shang
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guilin Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huhu Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyuan Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lina Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Bing Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
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Swierczynski M, Kasprzak Z, Makaro A, Salaga M. Regulators of G-Protein Signaling (RGS) in Sporadic and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:577. [PMID: 38203748 PMCID: PMC10778579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common neoplasms worldwide. Among the risk factors of CRC, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is one of the most important ones leading to the development of colitis-associated CRC (CAC). G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) are transmembrane receptors that orchestrate a multitude of signaling cascades in response to external stimuli. Because of their functionality, they are promising targets in research on new strategies for CRC diagnostics and treatment. Recently, regulators of G-proteins (RGS) have been attracting attention in the field of oncology. Typically, they serve as negative regulators of GPCR responses to both physiological stimuli and medications. RGS activity can lead to both beneficial and harmful effects depending on the nature of the stimulus. However, the atypical RGS-AXIN uses its RGS domain to antagonize key signaling pathways in CRC development through the stabilization of the β-catenin destruction complex. Since AXIN does not limit the efficiency of medications, it seems to be an even more promising pharmacological target in CRC treatment. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge on RGS significance in sporadic CRC and CAC with particular emphasis on the regulation of GPCR involved in IBD-related inflammation comprising opioid, cannabinoid and serotonin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maciej Salaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 5, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (M.S.); (Z.K.); (A.M.)
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Yang C, Zhang X, Yang X, Lian F, Sun Z, Huang Y, Shen W. Function and regulation of RGS family members in solid tumours: a comprehensive review. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:316. [PMID: 37924113 PMCID: PMC10623796 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a key role in regulating the homeostasis of the internal environment and are closely associated with tumour progression as major mediators of cellular signalling. As a diverse and multifunctional group of proteins, the G protein signalling regulator (RGS) family was proven to be involved in the cellular transduction of GPCRs. Growing evidence has revealed dysregulation of RGS proteins as a common phenomenon and highlighted the key roles of these proteins in human cancers. Furthermore, their differential expression may be a potential biomarker for tumour diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Most importantly, there are few systematic reviews on the functional/mechanistic characteristics and clinical application of RGS family members at present. In this review, we focus on the G-protein signalling regulator (RGS) family, which includes more than 20 family members. We analysed the classification, basic structure, and major functions of the RGS family members. Moreover, we summarize the expression changes of each RGS family member in various human cancers and their important roles in regulating cancer cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. On this basis, we outline the molecular signalling pathways in which some RGS family members are involved in tumour progression. Finally, their potential application in the precise diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of different types of cancers and the main possible problems for clinical application at present are discussed. Our review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role and potential mechanisms of RGS in regulating tumour progression. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Fuming Lian
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Zongrun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Yongming Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
| | - Wenzhi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
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Li W, Wu H, Xu J. Construction of a genomic instability-derived predictive prognostic signature for non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Genet 2023; 278-279:24-37. [PMID: 37579716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic instability (GI) is an effective prognostic marker of cancer. Thus, in this work, we aimed to explore the impact of GI derived signature on prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients using bioinformatics methods. METHODS The data of NSCLC patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Totally 1794 immune related genes were downloaded from immport database. The optimal prognosis related genes were identified by univariate and LASSO Cox analyses. The risk score model was built to predict the NSCLC patients' prognosis. The immune cell infiltration was analyzed in CIBERSORT. RESULTS The 951 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the genomic stability (GS) and GI groups were enriched in 862 Gene ontology terms and 32 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Based on the 13 optimal genes, a prognostic risk score mode for NSCLC was established, and the high-risk patients exhibited worse overall survival. Moreover, the nomogram could reliably predict the clinical outcomes. The immune cell infiltration and checkpoints were significantly differential between the two groups (high-risk and low-risk). CONCLUSION The GI related 13-gene signature (TMPRSS11E, TNNC2, HLF, FOXM1, PKMYT1, TCN1, RGS20, SYT8, CD1B, LY6K, MFSD4A, KLRG2 APCDD1L) could reliably predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, China
| | - Huaman Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zigong First People's Hospital, Ziliujing District, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, China.
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Li L, Xu Q, Tang C. RGS proteins and their roles in cancer: friend or foe? Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:81. [PMID: 37118788 PMCID: PMC10148553 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02932-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As negative modulators of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) signaling, regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins facilitate various downstream cellular signalings through regulating kinds of heterotrimeric G proteins by stimulating the guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) activity of G-protein α (Gα) subunits. The expression of RGS proteins is dynamically and precisely mediated by several different mechanisms including epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation -and post-translational regulation. Emerging evidence has shown that RGS proteins act as important mediators in controlling essential cellular processes including cell proliferation, survival -and death via regulating downstream cellular signaling activities, indicating that RGS proteins are fundamentally involved in sustaining normal physiological functions and dysregulation of RGS proteins (such as aberrant expression of RGS proteins) is closely associated with pathologies of many diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms governing the expression of RGS proteins, and further discuss the relationship of RGS proteins and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd., Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd., Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333, Binsheng Rd., Hangzhou, 310052, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Q, Sjögren B. Palmitoylation of RGS20 affects Gα o-mediated signaling independent of its GAP activity. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110682. [PMID: 37075876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Regulator of protein signaling (RGS20) is a member of the RGS protein superfamily, which serve as key negative regulators of G protein-mediated signal transduction. Through their GTPase accelerating protein (GAP) activity, RGS proteins deactivate α-subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. In addition, the majority of RGS proteins also have the ability to act through other, non-GAP related, functions. RGS20 is one of three members of the RZ subfamily, which all show selective GAP activity towards Gαz, however emerging data suggest that RGS20 can also regulate Gi/o-mediated signaling. While increased RGS20 expression is associated with the progression of multiple cancers, a large gap still exists relating to the mechanisms of RGS20 regulation and function. RGS20 contains a poly-cysteine string motif and a conserved cysteine in RGS domain, which are assumed to be palmitoylated. Palmitoylation, an important post-translational modification, plays an important role in cells by changing cellular functions of proteins. Consequently, the aim of this study was to confirm that RGS20 is palmitoylated and determine how palmitoylation affects its inhibition of Gαo-mediated signaling. We found a significant positive correlation between RGS20 palmitoylation and its association with active Gαo. We also showed that a conserved cysteine residue in the RGS domain is a critical site for its palmitoylation, with large impact on its association with Gαo. Palmitoylation on this site did not affect its GAP activity, however, it increased the inhibition of Gαo-mediated cAMP signaling. Altogether these data suggest that palmitoylation is a regulatory mechanism controlling RGS20 function, and that RGS20 can inhibit Gαo signaling through both GAP activity and non-GAP mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America
| | - Benita Sjögren
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States of America.
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Establishment of a Lymph Node Metastasis-Associated Prognostic Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma. Genet Res (Camb) 2023; 2023:6585109. [PMID: 36793937 PMCID: PMC9904923 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6585109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a low 5-year survival rate, which may be associated with the presence of metastatic tumors at the time of diagnosis, especially lymph node metastasis (LNM). This study aimed to construct a LNM-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of patients with LUAD. Methods RNA sequencing data and clinical information of LUAD patients were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Samples were divided into metastasis (M) and nonmetastasis (NM) groups based on LNM status. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between M and NM groups were screened, and then WGCNA was applied to identify key genes. Furthermore, univariate Cox and LASSO regression analyses were conducted to construct a risk score model, and the predictive performance of model was validated by GSE68465, GSE42127, and GSE50081. The protein and mRNA expression level of LNM-associated genes were detected by human protein atlas (HPA) and GSE68465. Results A prognostic model based on eight LNM-related genes (ANGPTL4, BARX2, GPR98, KRT6A, PTPRH, RGS20, TCN1, and TNS4) was developed. Patients in the high-risk group had poorer overall survival than those in the low-risk group, and validation analysis showed that this model had potential predictive value for patients with LUAD. HPA analysis supported the upregulation of ANGPTL4, KRT6A, BARX2, RGS20 and the downregulation of GPR98 in LUAD compared with normal tissues. Conclusion Our results indicated that the eight LNM-related genes signature had potential value in the prognosis of patients with LUAD, which may have important practical implications.
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Regulator of G Protein Signaling 20 Correlates with Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA (lincRNAs) Harboring Oncogenic Potential and Is Markedly Upregulated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081174. [PMID: 36009801 PMCID: PMC9405539 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is at the forefront of the global cancer burden, and biomarkers for HCC are constantly being sought. Interestingly, RGS (Regulators of G protein signaling) proteins, which negatively regulate GPCR signaling, have been associated with various cancers, with some members of the RGS family being associated with liver cancer as well. Considering this, we investigated the role of RGS20 as a potential prognostic marker in 28 different cancer types with special emphasis on HCC. By using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data, our analysis revealed that (a) RGS20 was strongly upregulated in tumor tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue of HCC patients; (b) RGS20 was strongly associated with some important clinical parameters such as alpha-fetoprotein and tumor grade in the HCC patients; (c) besides HCC (p < 0.001), RGS20 was found to be an important factor for survival in four other cancers (clear renal cell carcinoma: p < 0.001, lung adenocarcinoma: p = 0.004, mesothelioma: p = 0.039, ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma: p = 0.048); (d) RGS20 was found to be significantly associated with some tumor-related signaling pathways and long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs: LINC00511, PVT1, MIR4435-2HG, BCYRN1, and MAPKAPK5-AS1) that exhibit oncogenic potential. Taken together, we showed that RGS20 correlates with a few HCC-associated lincRNAs harboring oncogenic potential and is markedly upregulated in HCC patients. Our analysis further supports the putative function of RGS proteins, particularly RGS20, in cancer.
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Belpaire M, Taminiau A, Geerts D, Rezsohazy R. HOXA1, a breast cancer oncogene. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188747. [PMID: 35675857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than 25 years ago, the first literature records mentioned HOXA1 expression in human breast cancer. A few years later, HOXA1 was confirmed as a proper oncogene in mammary tissue. In the following two decades, molecular data about the mode of action of the HOXA1 protein, the factors contributing to activate and maintain HOXA1 gene expression and the identity of its target genes have accumulated and provide a wider view on the association of this transcription factor to breast oncogenesis. Large-scale transcriptomic data gathered from wide cohorts of patients further allowed refining the relationship between breast cancer type and HOXA1 expression. Several recent reports have reviewed the connection between cancer hallmarks and the biology of HOX genes in general. Here we take HOXA1 as a paradigm and propose an extensive overview of the molecular data centered on this oncoprotein, from what its expression modulators, to the interactors contributing to its oncogenic activities, and to the pathways and genes it controls. The data converge to an intricate picture that answers questions on the multi-modality of its oncogene activities, point towards better understanding of breast cancer aetiology and thereby provides an appraisal for treatment opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Belpaire
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Taminiau
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Heart Failure Research Center, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - René Rezsohazy
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology Group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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RGS20 Promotes Tumor Progression through Modulating PI3K/AKT Signaling Activation in Penile Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:1293622. [PMID: 35498542 PMCID: PMC9042636 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1293622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling 20 (RGS20) plays an important role in regulating neuronal G protein-coupled receptor signaling; however, its expression and oncogenic function in penile cancer (PC) remains unclear. Here, we observed high RGS20 expression in PC tissues compared to normal/adjacent penile tissues, which was closely associated with tumor stage, nodal status, and pelvic metastasis in our PC cohort. The cellular functional analysis of RGS20 revealed that manipulation of the RGS20 expression markedly affected cell viability, BrdU incorporation, soft agar clonogenesis, caspase-3 activity, and cell migration/invasion in PC cell models. Moreover, RGS20 could interact with PI3K p85α subunit and regulate PI3K/AKT signaling activation in PC cell lines. Knockdown of the PI3K p85α or p110α subunit attenuated cell viability, BrdU incorporation, soft agar clonogenesis, and cell migration/invasion in PC cell lines. In contrast, the overexpression of constitutively activated PI3K p110α mutant restored cell proliferation and cell migration/invasion caused by RGS20 depletion in PC cells. Consistent with the in vitro findings, RGS20 depletion attenuated PI3K/AKT signaling activation and suppressed tumor growth in a murine xenograft model. Importantly, the high RGS20 expression was associated with PI3K/AKT signaling activation and unfavorable progression-free/overall survival, highlighting the clinical relevance of RGS20/PI3K/AKT signaling in PC. In conclusion, the aberrant RGS20 expression may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for PC. RGS20 may promote PC progression through modulating PI3K/AKT signaling activation, which may assist with the development of RGS20-targeting therapeutics in the future.
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Yang T, Jia L, Bian S, Chang X, Zhang Q, Tang Q, Zhu J, Yang Z, Feng Z. TROP2 Down-Regulated DSG2 to Promote Gastric Cancer Cell Invasion and Migration by EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-Catenin Pathways. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:691-702. [PMID: 35392784 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220407111013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Explore the specific mechanism of TROP2 in promoting cancer in gastric cancer, and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most commonly found cancer and the second highest cause of cancer related death worldwide, TROP2 overexpression is closely related with many cancers including gastrointestinal tumors, DSG2 is an important protein in cell adhesion and its loss is related to cell migration. OBJECTIVE Explore the specific mechanism of TROP2 in promoting cancer in gastric cancer, and provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. METHOD DSG2 was identified as an interacting protein of TROP2 in GC cells by co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. The regulated behavior of TROP2 on DSG2 expression was investigated with TROP2 over-expressure or knockdown. Cell-cell adhesion capacity medicated by DSG2 was evaluated by adhesion related assays. Electron microscope observation was utilized for accessing GC tumor desmosome assembly. Proteins in EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-catenin pathways were evaluated by western blotting. RESULT This study suggests that abundant expression of TROP2 in GC cells lessened DSG2 levels as well as desmosome adhesion, increased cell invasion, migration and promoted malignant progression through EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-catenin pathways. CONCLUSION TROP2 promotes gastric cancer cell invasion and migration by decreasing DSG2 expression through EGFR/AKT and DSG2/PG/β-catenin pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lizhou Jia
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Susu Bian
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinxia Chang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zhiping Yang
- Cancer Center, Bayannur Hospital, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia 015000, China
| | - Zhenqing Feng
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique of National Health Commission, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab. of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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13
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A Lipid Metabolism-Based Seven-Gene Signature Correlates with the Clinical Outcome of Lung Adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9913206. [PMID: 35186082 PMCID: PMC8856807 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9913206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background. Herein, we tried to develop a prognostic prediction model for patients with LUAD based on the expression profiles of lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs). Methods. Molecular subtypes were identified by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) clustering. The overall survival (OS) predictive gene signature was developed and validated internally and externally based on online data sets. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan–Meier curve, nomogram, restricted mean survival time (EMST), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the performance of the gene signature. Results. We identified three molecular subtypes in LUAD with distinct characteristics on immune cells infiltration and clinical outcomes. Moreover, we confirmed a seven-gene signature as an independent prognostic factor for patients with LUAD. Calibration and DCA analysis plots indicated the excellent predictive performance of the prognostic nomogram constructed based on the gene signature. In addition, the nomogram showed higher robustness and clinical usability compared with four previously reported prognostic gene signatures. Conclusions. Findings in the present study shed new light on the characteristics of lipid metabolism within LUAD, and the established seven-gene signature can be utilized as a new prognostic marker for predicting survival in patients with LUAD.
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14
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Li K, Yao T, Zhang Y, Li W, Wang Z. NEAT1 as a competing endogenous RNA in tumorigenesis of various cancers: Role, mechanism and therapeutic potential. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3428-3440. [PMID: 34512157 PMCID: PMC8416723 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.62728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that is upregulated in a variety of human cancer types. Increasing evidence has shown that the elevation of NEAT1 in cancer cells promotes cell growth, migration, and invasion and inhibits cell apoptosis. It is also known that lncRNAs act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs) to alter the expression levels of their target genes in the development of cancers. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this observation. In this review, specific emphasis was placed on NEAT1's role in tumor development. We also summarize and discuss the feedback roles of NEAT1/miRNA/target network in the progression of various cancers. As our understanding of the role of NEAT1 during tumorigenesis improves, its therapeutic potential as a biomarker and/or target for cancer also becomes clearer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tongyue Yao
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.,Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250062, China
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15
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Jiang L, Shen J, Zhang N, He Y, Wan Z. Association of RGS20 expression with the progression and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:643. [PMID: 34386065 PMCID: PMC8299006 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling 20 (RGS20) has been shown to be highly expressed in various types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of RGS20 in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and in RCC cells. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the role of RGS20 in RCC. Quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of RGS20 in cells, respectively. After RGS20 inhibition, the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasiveness of A-498 cells were tested using MTT assay, EdU assay, propidium iodide staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI kit, wound healing assay and Transwell assay. High RGS20 expression was closely associated with the progression and immune infiltration of RCC, and may be considered as an independent indicator of poor prognosis in RCC. After knocking down RGS20, the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of cells were impaired, the cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase, and the level of apoptosis was increased. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of securin, CDC20 and cyclin B1 were decreased in RGS20-knockdown cells. RGS20 expression was significantly associated with the infiltration level of activated CD4 T cells, type 1 T helper cells and activated dendritic cells. In summary, RGS20 expression was associated with RCC progression and poor prognosis; thus, it may be used to estimate the prognosis of RCC and may serve as a new potential treatment strategy for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274400, P.R. China
| | - Jiangwei Shen
- Department of Urology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274400, P.R. China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Urology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274400, P.R. China
| | - Yongchao He
- Department of Urology, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274400, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghua Wan
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361101, P.R. China
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16
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Zengin T, Önal-Süzek T. Comprehensive Profiling of Genomic and Transcriptomic Differences between Risk Groups of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2021; 11:154. [PMID: 33672117 PMCID: PMC7926392 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer type and responsible for the highest number of cancer deaths worldwide. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) are subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer which has the highest frequency of lung cancer cases. We aimed to analyze genomic and transcriptomic variations including simple nucleotide variations (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs) and differential expressed genes (DEGs) in order to find key genes and pathways for diagnostic and prognostic prediction for lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. We performed a univariate Cox model and then lasso-regularized Cox model with leave-one-out cross-validation using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) gene expression data in tumor samples. We generated 35- and 33-gene signatures for prognostic risk prediction based on the overall survival time of the patients with LUAD and LUSC, respectively. When we clustered patients into high- and low-risk groups, the survival analysis showed highly significant results with high prediction power for both training and test datasets. Then, we characterized the differences including significant SNVs, CNVs, DEGs, active subnetworks, and the pathways. We described the results for the risk groups and cancer subtypes separately to identify specific genomic alterations between both high-risk groups and cancer subtypes. Both LUAD and LUSC high-risk groups have more downregulated immune pathways and upregulated metabolic pathways. On the other hand, low-risk groups have both up- and downregulated genes on cancer-related pathways. Both LUAD and LUSC have important gene alterations such as CDKN2A and CDKN2B deletions with different frequencies. SOX2 amplification occurs in LUSC and PSMD4 amplification in LUAD. EGFR and KRAS mutations are mutually exclusive in LUAD samples. EGFR, MGA, SMARCA4, ATM, RBM10, and KDM5C genes are mutated only in LUAD but not in LUSC. CDKN2A, PTEN, and HRAS genes are mutated only in LUSC samples. The low-risk groups of both LUAD and LUSC tend to have a higher number of SNVs, CNVs, and DEGs. The signature genes and altered genes have the potential to be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for personalized oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talip Zengin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey;
- Department of Bioinformatics, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Önal-Süzek
- Department of Bioinformatics, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey
- Department of Computer Engineering, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Muğla, Turkey
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17
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Wong KM, Song J, Wong YH. CTCF and EGR1 suppress breast cancer cell migration through transcriptional control of Nm23-H1. Sci Rep 2021; 11:491. [PMID: 33436746 PMCID: PMC7804126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79869-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor metastasis remains an obstacle in cancer treatment and is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. Nm23-H1 is one of the first metastasis suppressor proteins discovered with the ability to inhibit metastasis of many cancers including breast, colon, and liver cancer. Although loss of Nm23-H1 is observed in aggressive cancers and correlated with metastatic potential, little is known regarding the mechanisms that regulate its cellular level. Here, we examined the mechanisms that control Nm23-H1 expression in breast cancer cells. Initial studies in aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells (expressing low Nm23-H1) and less invasive MCF-7 cells (expressing high Nm23-H1) revealed that mRNA levels correlated with protein expression, suggesting that transcriptional mechanisms may control Nm23-H1 expression. Truncational analysis of the Nm23-H1 promoter revealed a proximal and minimal promoter that harbor putative binding sites for transcription factors including CTCF and EGR1. CTCF and EGR1 induced Nm23-H1 expression and reduced cell migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, CTCF and EGR1 were recruited to the Nm23-H1 promoter in MCF-7 cells and their expression correlated with Nm23-H1 levels. This study indicates that loss of Nm23-H1 in aggressive breast cancer is apparently caused by downregulation of CTCF and EGR1, which potentially drive Nm23-H1 expression to promote a less invasive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ming Wong
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jiaxing Song
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yung H Wong
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. .,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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18
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A Prognostic 14-Gene Expression Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Study Based on TCGA Data Mining. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8847226. [PMID: 33414898 PMCID: PMC7769675 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8847226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), a major and fatal subtype of lung cancer, caused lots of mortalities and showed different outcomes in prognosis. This study was to assess key genes and to develop a prognostic signature for the patient therapy with LUAD. Method RNA expression profile and clinical data from 522 LUAD patients were accessed and downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were extracted and analyzed between normal tissues and LUAD samples. Then, a 14-DEG signature was developed and identified for the survival prediction in LUAD patients by means of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed to predict the potential biological functions and pathways of these DEGs. Results Twenty-two out of 5924 DEGs in the TCGA dataset were screened and associated with the overall survival (OS) of LUAD patients. 14CID="C008" value=" "DEGs were finally selected and included in our development and validation model by risk score analysis. The ROC analysis indicated that the specificity and sensitivity of this profile signature were high. Further functional enrichment analyses indicated that these DEGs might regulate genes that affect the function of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol and pathways that associated with vibrio cholerae infection. Conclusion Our study developed a novel 14-DEG signature providing more efficient and persuasive prognostic information beyond conventional clinicopathological factors for survival prediction of LUAD patients.
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19
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Li Y, Liu W, Saini V, Wong YH. Mutations at the dimer interface and surface residues of Nm23-H1 metastasis suppressor affect its expression and function. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:95-112. [PMID: 32705629 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Nm23 metastasis suppressor family is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. Given that Nm23 proteins may function as hexamers composed of different members of the family, especially Nm23-H1 and H2 isoforms, it is pertinent to assess the importance of interface and surface residues in defining the functional characteristics of Nm23 proteins. Using molecular modeling to identify clusters of residues that may affect dimer formation and isoform specificity, mutants of Nm23-H1 were constructed and assayed for their ability to modulate cell migration. Mutations of dimer interface residues Gly22 and Lys39 affected the expression level of Nm23-H1, without altering the transcript level. The reduced protein expression was not due to increased protein degradation or altered subcellular distribution. Substitution of the surface residues of Nm23-H1 with Nm23-H2-specific Ser131 and/or Lys124/135 affected the electrophoretic mobility of the protein. Moreover, in cell migration assays, several mutants with altered surface residues exhibited impaired ability to suppress the mobility of MDA-MB-231 cells. Collectively, the study suggests that disrupting the dimer interface may affect the expression of Nm23-H1, while the residues at α-helix and β-sheet on the surface of Nm23-H1 may contribute to its metastasis suppressive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Li
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Key Laboratory of Opthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vasu Saini
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung H Wong
- Division of Life Science and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and the Molecular Neuroscience Center, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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20
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Umar S, Soni R, Durgapal SD, Soman S, Balakrishnan S. A synthetic coumarin derivative (4-flourophenylacetamide-acetyl coumarin) impedes cell cycle at G0/G1 stage, induces apoptosis, and inhibits metastasis via ROS-mediated p53 and AKT signaling pathways in A549 cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22553. [PMID: 32578917 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
New chemotherapeutic agents with minimum side effects are indispensable to treat non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) since the mortality rate of patients suffering from NSCLC remains high despite receiving conventional medication. In our previous study, many coumarin derivatives were screened for their anticancer properties in A549, an in vitro NSCLC model. One of these, 4-flourophenylacetamide-acetyl coumarin (4-FPAC), induced cytotoxicity at a concentration as low as 0.16 nM. Herein, initially, the cytotoxic potential of 4-FPAC was tested on a noncancerous cell line NIH3T3 and was found safe at the selected dose of 0.16 nM. Further, we investigated the mechanism by which 4-FPAC induced cytotoxicity and arrested the progression of cell cycle as well as metastasis in A549. Results of ethidium bromide/acridine orange (EtBr/AO), 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, comet, and lactate dehydrogenase assays revealed that 4-FPAC caused cytotoxicity via reactive oxygen species-induced p53-mediated mechanism, which involves both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, rhodamine 123, and AO staining confirmed the involvement of both mitochondria and lysosome in inducing apoptosis. However, flow cytometric analysis revealed that it causes cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase by modulating p21, CDK2, and CDK4 expression. Aggregation, soft-agar, clonogenic, and scratch assays as well as gene expression analysis collectively confirmed that 4-FPAC minimizes the metastatic property of A549 by downregulating Snail, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and interleukin-8. Additional studies reaffirmed the above findings and substantiated the role of PI3K/AKT in achieving them. The cell-type-specific selective cytostatic and antimetastatic properties shown by 4-FPAC indicate its potential to emerge as a drug of choice against NSCLC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Umar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Rina Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Sunil D Durgapal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Subhangi Soman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Suresh Balakrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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21
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Zhu S, Wei L, Lin G, Tong Y, Zhang J, Jiang X, He Q, Lu X, Zhu DD, Chen YQ. Metabolic Alterations Induced by Kudingcha Lead to Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Metastasis Inhibition. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:696-707. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1645865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Zhu
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Lengyun Wei
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Guangxiao Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuelin Tong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingwen He
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuyang Lu
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Dou Dou Zhu
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Q. Chen
- School of Wuxi Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
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22
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Regulator of G protein signaling 20 promotes proliferation and migration in bladder cancer via NF-κB signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109112. [PMID: 31212130 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer is a complicated disease with high rate of morbidity and mortality, in which proliferation and migration are both well acknowledged as aggressive phenotypes of bladder cancer cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms of tumor proliferation and migration would provide an insight into cancer progression and provide effective therapeutic strategies. METHODS The expression of RGS20 was detected using qRT-PCR,western blotting and immunohistochemistry. MTT, Colony formation, anchorage-independent growth assay, and transwell assay were used to evaluate the pro-proliferation and pro-migration potential of RGS20 in vitro. Tumor growth was monitored and analyzed in an animal model. Luciferase activity assay, nuclear extract analysis, and multiple blockade of NF-κB were used to evaluate NF-κB signaling activity. RESULTS It revealed that RGS20 was significantly upregulated in bladder cancer and increased RGS20 expression correlated significantly with worse 5-year overall survival. Ectopic overexpression of RGS20 accelerated the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells, whereas knockdown of RGS20 inhibited these effects. Mechanistically, RGS20 could activate NF-κB signaling, which played a crucial role in RGS20's effects on proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity of bladder cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our study highlights that RGS20 acted as an oncogene in bladder cancer and a better understanding of RGS20's functions might provide the potential for clinical intervention in this disease.
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23
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Zhang R, Lai L, Dong X, He J, You D, Chen C, Lin L, Zhu Y, Huang H, Shen S, Wei L, Chen X, Guo Y, Liu L, Su L, Shafer A, Moran S, Fleischer T, Bjaanaes MM, Karlsson A, Planck M, Staaf J, Helland Å, Esteller M, Wei Y, Chen F, Christiani DC. SIPA1L3 methylation modifies the benefit of smoking cessation on lung adenocarcinoma survival: an epigenomic-smoking interaction analysis. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1235-1248. [PMID: 30924596 PMCID: PMC6487703 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking cessation prolongs survival and decreases mortality of patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, epigenetic alterations of some genes are associated with survival. However, potential interactions between smoking cessation and epigenetics have not been assessed. Here, we conducted an epigenome‐wide interaction analysis between DNA methylation and smoking cessation on NSCLC survival. We used a two‐stage study design to identify DNA methylation–smoking cessation interactions that affect overall survival for early‐stage NSCLC. The discovery phase contained NSCLC patients from Harvard, Spain, Norway, and Sweden. A histology‐stratified Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, clinical stage, and study center was used to test DNA methylation–smoking cessation interaction terms. Interactions with false discovery rate‐q ≤ 0.05 were further confirmed in a validation phase using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Histology‐specific interactions were identified by stratification analysis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients. We identified one CpG probe (cg02268510SIPA1L3) that significantly and exclusively modified the effect of smoking cessation on survival in LUAD patients [hazard ratio (HR)interaction = 1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.16; P = 4.30 × 10–7]. Further, the effect of smoking cessation on early‐stage LUAD survival varied across patients with different methylation levels of cg02268510SIPA1L3. Smoking cessation only benefited LUAD patients with low methylation (HR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.34–0.82; P = 4.61 × 10–3) rather than medium or high methylation (HR = 1.21; 95% CI: 0.86–1.70; P = 0.266) of cg02268510SIPA1L3. Moreover, there was an antagonistic interaction between elevated methylation of cg02268510SIPA1L3 and smoking cessation (HRinteraction = 2.1835; 95% CI: 1.27–3.74; P = 4.46 × 10−3). In summary, smoking cessation benefited survival of LUAD patients with low methylation at cg02268510SIPA1L3. The results have implications for not only smoking cessation after diagnosis, but also possible methylation‐specific drug targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Linjing Lai
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xuesi Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Dongfang You
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Lijuan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Sipeng Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Liangmin Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Yichen Guo
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liya Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical School of Ningbo University, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Andrea Shafer
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sebastian Moran
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Fleischer
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Maria Moksnes Bjaanaes
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CREATE Health Strategic Center for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Maria Planck
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CREATE Health Strategic Center for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, CREATE Health Strategic Center for Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Åslaug Helland
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Manel Esteller
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, China.,Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Squires KE, Montañez-Miranda C, Pandya RR, Torres MP, Hepler JR. Genetic Analysis of Rare Human Variants of Regulators of G Protein Signaling Proteins and Their Role in Human Physiology and Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:446-474. [PMID: 29871944 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.015354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins modulate the physiologic actions of many neurotransmitters, hormones, and other signaling molecules. Human RGS proteins comprise a family of 20 canonical proteins that bind directly to G protein-coupled receptors/G protein complexes to limit the lifetime of their signaling events, which regulate all aspects of cell and organ physiology. Genetic variations account for diverse human traits and individual predispositions to disease. RGS proteins contribute to many complex polygenic human traits and pathologies such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, schizophrenia, depression, addiction, cancers, and many others. Recent analysis indicates that most human diseases are due to extremely rare genetic variants. In this study, we summarize physiologic roles for RGS proteins and links to human diseases/traits and report rare variants found within each human RGS protein exome sequence derived from global population studies. Each RGS sequence is analyzed using recently described bioinformatics and proteomic tools for measures of missense tolerance ratio paired with combined annotation-dependent depletion scores, and protein post-translational modification (PTM) alignment cluster analysis. We highlight selected variants within the well-studied RGS domain that likely disrupt RGS protein functions and provide comprehensive variant and PTM data for each RGS protein for future study. We propose that rare variants in functionally sensitive regions of RGS proteins confer profound change-of-function phenotypes that may contribute, in newly appreciated ways, to complex human diseases and/or traits. This information provides investigators with a valuable database to explore variation in RGS protein function, and for targeting RGS proteins as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Squires
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (K.E.S., C.M.-M., J.R.H.); and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia (R.R.P., M.P.T.)
| | - Carolina Montañez-Miranda
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (K.E.S., C.M.-M., J.R.H.); and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia (R.R.P., M.P.T.)
| | - Rushika R Pandya
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (K.E.S., C.M.-M., J.R.H.); and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia (R.R.P., M.P.T.)
| | - Matthew P Torres
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (K.E.S., C.M.-M., J.R.H.); and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia (R.R.P., M.P.T.)
| | - John R Hepler
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (K.E.S., C.M.-M., J.R.H.); and School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia (R.R.P., M.P.T.)
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25
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Chen D, Wei L, Liu ZR, Yang JJ, Gu X, Wei ZZ, Liu LP, Yu SP. Pyruvate Kinase M2 Increases Angiogenesis, Neurogenesis, and Functional Recovery Mediated by Upregulation of STAT3 and Focal Adhesion Kinase Activities After Ischemic Stroke in Adult Mice. Neurotherapeutics 2018; 15:770-784. [PMID: 29869055 PMCID: PMC6095793 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-0635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke remains a serious threat to human life. Generation of neuronal and vascular cells is an endogenous regenerative mechanism in the adult brain, which may contribute to tissue repair after stroke. However, the regenerative activity is typically insufficient for significant therapeutic effects after brain injuries. Pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) is a key regulator for energy metabolism. PKM2 also has nonmetabolic roles involving regulations of gene expression, cell proliferation, and migration in cancer cells as well as noncancerous cells. In a focal ischemic stroke mouse model, recombinant PKM2 (rPKM2) administration (160 ng/kg, intranasal delivery) at 1 h after stroke showed the significant effect of a reduced infarct volume of more the 60%. Delayed treatment of rPKM2, however, lost the acute neuroprotective effect. We then tested a novel hypothesis that delayed treatment of PKM2 might show proregenerative effects for long-term functional recovery and this chronic action could be mediated by its downstream STAT3 signaling. rPKM2 (160 ng/kg) was delivered to the brain using noninvasive intranasal administration 24 h after the stroke and repeated every other day. Western blot analysis revealed that, 7 days after the stroke, the levels of PKM2 and phosphorylated STAT3 and the expression of angiogenic factors VEGF, Ang-1, and Tie-2 in the peri-infarct region were significantly increased in the rPKM2 treatment group compared with those of the stroke vehicle group. To label proliferating cells, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected every day starting 3 days after stroke. At 14 days after stroke, immunohistochemistry showed that rPKM2 increased cell homing of doublecortin (DCX)-positive neuroblasts to the ischemic cortex. In neural progenitor cell (NPC) cultures, rPKM2 (0.4-4 nM) increased the expression of integrin β1 and the activation/phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). A mediator role of FAK in PKM2-promoted cell migration was verified in FAK-knockout fibroblast cultures. In the peri-infarct region of the brain, increased numbers of Glut-1/BrdU and NeuN/BrdU double-positive cells indicated enhanced angiogenesis and neurogenesis, respectively, compared to stroke vehicle mice. Using Laser Doppler imaging, we observed better recovery of the local blood flow in the peri-infarct region of rPKM2-treated mice 14 days after stroke. Meanwhile, rPKM2 improved the sensorimotor functional recovery measured by the adhesive removal test. Inhibiting the STAT3 phosphorylation/activation by the STAT3 inhibitor, BP-1-102 (3 mg/kg/day, o.g.), abolished all beneficial effects of rPKM2 in the stroke mice. Taken together, this investigation provides the first evidence demonstrating that early treatment of rPKM2 shows an acute neuroprotective effect against ischemic brain damage, whereas delayed rPKM2 treatment promotes regenerative activities in the poststroke brain leading to better functional recovery. The underlying mechanism involves activation of the STAT3 and FAK signals in the poststroke brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 620B, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 620B, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zhi-Ren Liu
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Jenny J Yang
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 620B, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zheng Z Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 620B, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Veteran's Affair Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, 101 Woodruff Circle, Woodruff Memorial Research Building, Suite 620B, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Veteran's Affair Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, 30033, USA.
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26
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Zhao J, Cheng W, He X, Liu Y, Li J, Sun J, Li J, Wang F, Gao Y. Construction of a specific SVM classifier and identification of molecular markers for lung adenocarcinoma based on lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3129-3140. [PMID: 29872324 PMCID: PMC5975616 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s151121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Novel diagnostic predictors and drug targets are needed for LUAD (lung adenocarcinoma). We aimed to build a specific SVM (support vector machine) classifier for diagnosis of LUAD and identify molecular markers with prognostic value for LUAD. Methods The expression differences of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs between LUAD and normal samples were compared using data from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. A LUAD related miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA network was constructed, based on which feature genes were selected for the construction of LUAD specific SVM classifier. The robustness and transferability of SVM classifier were validated using gene expression profile datasets GSE43458 and GSE10072. Prognostic markers were identified from the network. A set of LUAD-related differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs were identified and a LUAD related miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA network was obtained. The LUAD specific SVM classifier constructed on the basis of the network was robust and efficient for classification of samples from TCGA dataset and two independent validation datasets. Results Eight RNAs with prognostic value were identified, including hsa-miR-96, hsa-miR-204, PGM5P2 (phosphoglucomutase 5 pseudogene 2), SFTA1P (surfactant associated 1), RGS20 (regulator of G protein signaling 20), RGS9BP (RGS9-binding protein), FGB (fibrinogen beta chain) and INA (alpha-internexin). Among them, RGS20 and INA were regulated by hsa-miR-96. RGS20 was also regulated by hsa-miR-204, which was a potential target of SFTA1P. Conclusion The LUAD specific SVM classifier may serve as a novel diagnostic predictor. hsa-miR-96, hsa-miR-204, PGM5P2, SFTA1P, RGS20, RGS9BP, FGB and INA may serve as prognostic markers in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingming Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Xigang He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital of Rizhao Lanshan, Lanshan District, Rizhao, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Gao
- Department of President's Office, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
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27
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Metri R, Mohan A, Nsengimana J, Pozniak J, Molina-Paris C, Newton-Bishop J, Bishop D, Chandra N. Identification of a gene signature for discriminating metastatic from primary melanoma using a molecular interaction network approach. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17314. [PMID: 29229936 PMCID: PMC5725601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17330-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the biological factors that are characteristic of metastasis in melanoma remains a key approach to improving treatment. In this study, we seek to identify a gene signature of metastatic melanoma. We configured a new network-based computational pipeline, combined with a machine learning method, to mine publicly available transcriptomic data from melanoma patient samples. Our method is unbiased and scans a genome-wide protein-protein interaction network using a novel formulation for network scoring. Using this, we identify the most influential, differentially expressed nodes in metastatic as compared to primary melanoma. We evaluated the shortlisted genes by a machine learning method to rank them by their discriminatory capacities. From this, we identified a panel of 6 genes, ALDH1A1, HSP90AB1, KIT, KRT16, SPRR3 and TMEM45B whose expression values discriminated metastatic from primary melanoma (87% classification accuracy). In an independent transcriptomic data set derived from 703 primary melanomas, we showed that all six genes were significant in predicting melanoma specific survival (MSS) in a univariate analysis, which was also consistent with AJCC staging. Further, 3 of these genes, HSP90AB1, SPRR3 and KRT16 remained significant predictors of MSS in a joint analysis (HR = 2.3, P = 0.03) although, HSP90AB1 (HR = 1.9, P = 2 × 10-4) alone remained predictive after adjusting for clinical predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Metri
- IISc Mathematics Initiative (IMI), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Abhilash Mohan
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jérémie Nsengimana
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Joanna Pozniak
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Carmen Molina-Paris
- Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Julia Newton-Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - David Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nagasuma Chandra
- IISc Mathematics Initiative (IMI), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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28
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Alqinyah M, Hooks SB. Regulating the regulators: Epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational regulation of RGS proteins. Cell Signal 2017; 42:77-87. [PMID: 29042285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) are a family of proteins classically known to accelerate the intrinsic GTPase activity of G proteins, which results in accelerated inactivation of heterotrimeric G proteins and inhibition of G protein coupled receptor signaling. RGS proteins play major roles in essential cellular processes, and dysregulation of RGS protein expression is implicated in multiple diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The expression of RGS proteins is highly dynamic and is regulated by epigenetic, transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. This review summarizes studies that report dysregulation of RGS protein expression in disease states, and presents examples of drugs that regulate RGS protein expression. Additionally, this review discusses, in detail, the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms regulating RGS protein expression, and further assesses the therapeutic potential of targeting these mechanisms. Understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling the expression of RGS proteins is essential for the development of therapeutics that indirectly modulate G protein signaling by regulating expression of RGS proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Alqinyah
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Shelley B Hooks
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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29
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Li Y, Song J, Tong Y, Chung SK, Wong YH. RGS19 upregulates Nm23-H1/2 metastasis suppressors by transcriptional activation via the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69945-69960. [PMID: 29050254 PMCID: PMC5642529 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nm23 metastasis suppressor family is involved in physiological and pathological processes including tumorigenesis and metastasis. Although the inverse correlation of Nm23 level with tumor metastasis potential has been widely observed, the mechanisms that regulate the expression of Nm23 remain poorly understood. Our previous studies have revealed that Nm23-H1/2 isoforms are upregulated by RGS19, a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) protein which accelerates the termination of Gi signals. Here, we examined the ability of RGS19 to stimulate transcriptional regulation of Nm23 by screening a panel of luciferase reporter genes. Transient and stable overexpression of RGS19 upregulated the Nm23-H1/2 protein levels and activated several transcription factors including CREB, AP-1 and SRE in HEK293 cells. Interestingly, agents that increase the intracellular cAMP level and the phosphorylation of CREB (e.g., adrenergic receptor agonist, forskolin, and cAMP analogues) upregulated the expression of Nm23-H1/2 in HEK293 cells and several cancer cell lines including A549, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-435s cells. Conversely, inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) by H-89 suppressed the phosphorylation of CREB and reduced the expression of Nm23-H1/2. Furthermore, activation of PKA attenuated cancer cell migration in wound healing and transwell assays. Collectively, these results revealed a PKA-dependent mechanism for controlling Nm23-H1/2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Li
- Division of Life Sciences and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaxing Song
- Division of Life Sciences and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Tong
- Division of Life Sciences and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung H Wong
- Division of Life Sciences and the Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and the Molecular Neuroscience Center, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Disease and Drug Development, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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30
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Li Q, Jin W, Cai Y, Yang F, Chen E, Ye D, Wang Q, Guan X. Regulator of G protein signaling 20 correlates with clinicopathological features and prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 485:693-697. [PMID: 28237701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive tumor subtype lacking effective prognostic indicators or therapeutic targets. Therefore, finding a novel molecular biomarker for TNBC to achieve target therapy and predict its prognosis is crucial in preventing inappropriate treatment. Regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) families of protein can negatively regulate signaling of heterotrimeric G proteins and are known to be upregulated in various tumors. In this study, we demonstrated that RGS20 was more highly expressed in TNBC tumor tissue than in adjacent normal tissue by analyzing the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. However, RGS20 expression was low in all breast cancer and luminal breast cancer patients. Validated by the TCGA cohort, RGS20 was upregulated in lymph node-positive TNBC compared with that in lymph node-negative breast cancer. High expression of RGS20 had a risk of lymph node metastasis, ki-67 > 14%, poor N stage, and poor clinical stage in the immunohistochemistry of tissue microarrays. Moreover, K-M plot analysis showed that TNBC patients with high RGS20 expression had poor relapse-free survival. In summary, the findings revealed that RGS20 was a special TNBC oncogene that promoted tumor progression and influenced TNBC prognosis. This study is the first to show that RGS20 was a special oncogene, and its high expression was significantly associated with the progression and prognosis of TNBC. RGS20 may be a novel molecular biomarker for the targeted therapy and prognosis of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China; Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wenxu Jin
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yefeng Cai
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Endong Chen
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Danrong Ye
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Oncological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Osterne VJS, Silva-Filho JC, Santiago MQ, Pinto-Junior VR, Almeida AC, Barreto AAGC, Wolin IAV, Nascimento APM, Amorim RMF, Rocha BAM, Delatorre P, Nagano CS, Leal RB, Assreuy AMS, Nascimento KS, Cavada BS. Structural characterization of a lectin from Canavalia virosa seeds with inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 94:271-282. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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