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Koyama Y, Suico MA, Owaki A, Sato R, Kuwazuru J, Kaseda S, Sannomiya Y, Horizono J, Omachi K, Horinouchi T, Yamamura T, Tsuhako H, Nozu K, Shuto T, Kai H. Trimerization profile of type IV collagen COL4A5 exon deletion in X-linked Alport syndrome. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s10157-024-02503-9. [PMID: 38658441 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-024-02503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alport syndrome (AS) is a genetic kidney disease caused by a mutation in type IV collagen α3, α4, and α5, which are normally secreted as heterotrimer α345(IV). Nonsense mutation in these genes causes severe AS phenotype. We previously revealed that the exon-skipping approach to remove a nonsense mutation in α5(IV) ameliorated the AS pathology. However, the effect of removing an exon on trimerization is unknown. Here, we assessed the impact of exon deletion on trimerization to evaluate their possible therapeutic applicability and to predict the severity of mutations associated with exon-skipping. METHODS We produced exon deletion constructs (ΔExon), nonsense, and missense mutants by mutagenesis and evaluated their trimer formation and secretion activities using a nanoluciferase-based assay that we previously developed. RESULTS Exon-skipping had differential effects on the trimer secretion of α345(IV). Some ΔExons could form and secrete α345(IV) trimers and had higher activity compared with nonsense mutants. Other ΔExons had low secretion activity, especially for those with exon deletion near the C-terminal end although the intracellular trimerization was normal. No difference was noted in the secretion of missense mutants and their ΔExon counterpart. CONCLUSION Exon skipping is advantageous for nonsense mutants in AS with severe phenotypes and early onset of renal failure but applications may be limited to ΔExons capable of normal trimerization and secretion. This study provides information on α5(IV) exon-skipping for possible therapeutic application and the prediction of the trimer behavior associated with exon-skipping in Alport syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuimi Koyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Aimi Owaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Jun Kuwazuru
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Shota Kaseda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuya Sannomiya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Jun Horizono
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Tomoko Horinouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Haruki Tsuhako
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan.
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, 862-0973, Japan.
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Caron C, Bertolin G. Cristae shaping and dynamics in mitochondrial function. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs260986. [PMID: 38197774 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles of key importance for cell homeostasis. The outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) envelops the organelle, and the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) is folded into invaginations called cristae. As cristae composition and functions depend on the cell type and stress conditions, they recently started to be considered as a dynamic compartment. A number of proteins are known to play a role in cristae architecture, such as OPA1, MIC60, LETM1, the prohibitin (PHB) complex and the F1FO ATP synthase. Furthermore, phospholipids are involved in the maintenance of cristae ultrastructure and dynamics. The use of new technologies, including super-resolution microscopy to visualize cristae dynamics with superior spatiotemporal resolution, as well as high-content techniques and datasets have not only allowed the identification of new cristae proteins but also helped to explore cristae plasticity. However, a number of open questions remain in the field, such as whether cristae-resident proteins are capable of changing localization within mitochondria, or whether mitochondrial proteins can exit mitochondria through export. In this Review, we present the current view on cristae morphology, stability and composition, and address important outstanding issues that might pave the way to future discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Caron
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Giulia Bertolin
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
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Di H, Wang Q, Liang D, Zhang J, Gao E, Zheng C, Yu X, Liu Z. Genetic features and kidney morphological changes in women with X-linked Alport syndrome. J Med Genet 2023; 60:1169-1176. [PMID: 37225412 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS) caused by COL4A5 pathogenic variants usually has heterogeneous phenotypes in female patients. The genetic characteristics and glomerular basement membrane (GBM) morphological changes in women with XLAS need to been further investigated. METHODS A total of 83 women and 187 men with causative COL4A5 variants were enrolled for comparative analysis. RESULTS Women were more frequently carrying de novo COL4A5 variants compared with men (47% vs 8%, p=0.001). The clinical manifestations in women were variable, and no genotype-phenotype correlation was observed. Coinherited podocyte-related genes, including TRPC6, TBC1D8B, INF2 and MYH9, were identified in two women and five men, and the modifying effects of coinherited genes contributed to the heterogeneous phenotypes in these patients. X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) analysis of 16 women showed that 25% were skewed XCI. One patient preferentially expressing the mutant COL4A5 gene developed moderate proteinuria, and two patients preferentially expressing the wild-type COL4A5 gene presented with haematuria only. GBM ultrastructural evaluation demonstrated that the degree of GBM lesions was associated with the decline in kidney function for both genders, but more severe GBM changes were found in men compared with women. CONCLUSIONS The high frequency of de novo variants carried by women indicates that the lack of family history tends to make them susceptible to be underdiagnosed. Coinherited podocyte-related genes are potential contributors to the heterogeneous phenotype of some women. Furthermore, the association between the degree of GBM lesions and decline in kidney function is valuable in evaluating the prognosis for patients with XLAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Di
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Wang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection of Ministry of Education, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Erzhi Gao
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxia Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hirayama R, Toyohara K, Watanabe K, Otsuki T, Araoka T, Mae SI, Horinouchi T, Yamamura T, Okita K, Hotta A, Iijima K, Nozu K, Osafune K. iPSC-derived type IV collagen α5-expressing kidney organoids model Alport syndrome. Commun Biol 2023; 6:854. [PMID: 37770589 PMCID: PMC10539496 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05203-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome (AS) is a hereditary glomerulonephritis caused by COL4A3, COL4A4 or COL4A5 gene mutations and characterized by abnormalities of glomerular basement membranes (GBMs). Due to a lack of curative treatments, the condition proceeds to end-stage renal disease even in adolescents. Hampering drug discovery is the absence of effective in vitro methods for testing the restoration of normal GBMs. Here, we aimed to develop kidney organoid models from AS patient iPSCs for this purpose. We established iPSC-derived collagen α5(IV)-expressing kidney organoids and confirmed that kidney organoids from COL4A5 mutation-corrected iPSCs restore collagen α5(IV) protein expression. Importantly, our model recapitulates the differences in collagen composition between iPSC-derived kidney organoids from mild and severe AS cases. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a chemical chaperone, 4-phenyl butyric acid, has the potential to correct GBM abnormalities in kidney organoids showing mild AS phenotypes. This iPSC-derived kidney organoid model will contribute to drug discovery for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichiro Hirayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
- Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama, 331-9530, Japan
| | - Kosuke Toyohara
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kei Watanabe
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takeya Otsuki
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Araoka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Mae
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoko Horinouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
- Department of Advanced Pediatric Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kenji Osafune
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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Kuwazuru J, Suico MA, Omachi K, Kojima H, Kamura M, Kaseda S, Kawahara T, Hitora Y, Kato H, Tsukamoto S, Wada M, Asano T, Kotani S, Nakajima M, Misumi S, Sannomiya Y, Horizono J, Koyama Y, Owaki A, Shuto T, Kai H. CyclosporinA Derivative as Therapeutic Candidate for Alport Syndrome by Inducing Mutant Type IV Collagen Secretion. Kidney360 2023; 4:909-917. [PMID: 37143203 PMCID: PMC10371266 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Key Points Screening of natural product extracts to find candidate compounds that increase mutant type IV collagen α 3,4,5 (α 345(IV)) trimer secretion in Alport syndrome (AS). Cyclosporin A (CsA) and alisporivir (ALV) increase mutant α 345(IV) trimer secretion in AS. PPIF/cyclophilin D mediates the effect of CsA and ALV on mutant trimer secretion. Background Type IV collagen α 3,4,5 (α 345(IV)) is an obligate trimer that is secreted to form a collagen network, which is the structural foundation of basement membrane. Mutation in one of the genes (COL4A3 , A4 , A5 ) encoding these proteins underlies the progressive genetic nephropathy Alport syndrome (AS) due to deficiency in trimerization and/or secretion of the α 345(IV) trimer. Thus, improving mutant α 345(IV) trimerization and secretion could be a good therapeutic approach for AS. Methods Using the nanoluciferase-based platform that we previously developed to detect α 345(IV) formation and secretion in HEK293T cells, we screened libraries of natural product extracts and compounds to find a candidate compound capable of increasing mutant α 345(IV) secretion. Results The screening of >13,000 extracts and >600 compounds revealed that cyclosporin A (CsA) increased the secretion of mutant α 345(IV)-G1244D. To elucidate the mechanism of the effect of CsA, we evaluated CsA derivatives with different ability to bind to calcineurin (Cn) and cyclophilin (Cyp). Alisporivir (ALV), which binds to Cyp but not to Cn, increased the trimer secretion of mutant α 345(IV). Knockdown studies on Cyps showed that PPIF/cyclophilin D was involved in the trimer secretion-enhancing activity of CsA and ALV. We confirmed that other α 345(IV) mutants are also responsive to CsA and ALV. Conclusions CsA was previously reported to improve proteinuria in patients with AS, but owing to its nephrotoxic effect, CsA is not recommended for treatment in patients with AS. Our data raise the possibility that ALV could be a safer option than CsA. This study provides a novel therapeutic candidate for AS with an innovative mechanism of action and reveals an aspect of the intracellular regulatory mechanism of α 345(IV) that was previously unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kuwazuru
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Kojima
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Misato Kamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shota Kaseda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Teppei Kawahara
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Useful and Unique Natural Products for Drug Discovery and Development (UpRod), Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Hitora
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kato
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukamoto
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mikiyo Wada
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Useful and Unique Natural Products for Drug Discovery and Development (UpRod), Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Asano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kotani
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakajima
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shogo Misumi
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Sannomiya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Horizono
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuimi Koyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Aimi Owaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Kohler J, Omachi K, Charu V, Miner JH, Bhalla V. A COL4A4-G394S Variant and Impaired Collagen IV Trimerization in a Patient with Mild Alport Syndrome. Kidney360 2022; 3:1899-1908. [PMID: 36514391 PMCID: PMC9717634 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0005472022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Missense variants in COL4A genes are often found in patients with an Alport syndrome-like presentation, but their pathogenicity is not always clear. We encountered a woman with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria at 33 years of age with a diagnosis of thin basement membrane disease who was approaching end stage kidney disease at 59 years of age. We hypothesized that this patient's kidney disease was within the spectrum of Alport syndrome. Methods We used histologic, genetic, and biochemical approaches to investigate the mechanisms of kidney disease. By immunofluorescence, we investigated collagen IV chain composition of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). We employed targeted sequencing to search for pathogenic variants in COL4A and other relevant genes. We utilized N- and C-terminal split NanoLuciferase assays to determine the effect of a novel COL4A4 variant of uncertain significance (VUS) on collagen IV heterotrimer formation in vitro. We transfected COL4A4 expression constructs with split NanoLuciferase fragment-fused COL4A3 and COL4A5 constructs into human embryonic kidney 293T cells. To assay for α3α4α5(IV) heterotrimer formation and secretion, we measured luminescence in cell lysates and culture supernatants from transfected cells. Results Immunostaining suggested that the collagen α3α4α5(IV) network was present throughout the patient's GBMs. DNA sequencing revealed a novel homozygous VUS: COL4A4 c.1180G>A (p. Gly394Ser). In the C-terminal split luciferase-based α3α4α5(IV) heterotrimer formation assays, luminescence levels for G394S were comparable to WT, but in the N-terminal tag assays, the extracellular luminescence levels for G394S were decreased by approximately 50% compared with WT. Conclusions Our cell-based assay provides a platform to test COL4 VUS and shows that G394S impairs assembly of the α3α4α5(IV) N-terminus and subsequent trimer secretion. These data suggest that the COL4A4-G394S variant is pathogenic and causes an atypical mild form of autosomal recessive Alport syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennefer Kohler
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vivek Charu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jeffrey H. Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Vivek Bhalla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Naylor RW, Lemarie E, Jackson-Crawford A, Davenport JB, Mironov A, Lowe M, Lennon R. A novel nanoluciferase transgenic reporter measures proteinuria in zebrafish. Kidney Int 2022; 102:815-827. [PMID: 35716957 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.19.452884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The zebrafish is an important animal system for modeling human diseases. This includes kidney dysfunction as the embryonic kidney (pronephros) shares considerable molecular and morphological homology with the human nephron. A key clinical indicator of kidney disease is proteinuria, but a high-throughput readout of proteinuria in the zebrafish is currently lacking. To remedy this, we used the Tol2 transposon system to generate a transgenic zebrafish line that uses the fabp10a liver-specific promoter to over-express a nanoluciferase molecule fused with the D3 domain of Receptor-Associated Protein (a type of molecular chaperone) which we term NL-D3. Using a luminometer, we quantified proteinuria in NL-D3 zebrafish larvae by measuring the intensity of luminescence in the embryo medium. In the healthy state, NL-D3 is not excreted, but when embryos were treated with chemicals that affected either proximal tubular reabsorption (cisplatin, gentamicin) or glomerular filtration (angiotensin II, Hanks Balanced Salt Solution, Bovine Serum Albumin), NL-D3 is detected in fish medium. Similarly, depletion of several gene products associated with kidney disease (nphs1, nphs2, lrp2a, ocrl, col4a3, and col4a4) also induced NL-D3 proteinuria. Treating col4a4 depleted zebrafish larvae (a model of Alport syndrome) with captopril reduced proteinuria in this system. Thus, our findings validate the use of the NL-D3 transgenic zebrafish as a robust and quantifiable proteinuria reporter. Hence, given the feasibility of high-throughput assays in zebrafish, this novel reporter will permit screening for drugs that ameliorate proteinuria, thereby prioritizing candidates for further translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Naylor
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Emmanuel Lemarie
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - J Bernard Davenport
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Aleksandr Mironov
- EM Core Facility (RRID: SCR_021147), Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Function, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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McArthur N, Cruz-Teran C, Thatavarty A, Reeves GT, Rao BM. Experimental and Analytical Framework for "Mix-and-Read" Assays Based on Split Luciferase. ACS Omega 2022; 7:24551-24560. [PMID: 35874239 PMCID: PMC9301641 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of immunodetection assays including the widely used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in applications such as point-of-care detection is often limited by the need for protein immobilization and multiple binding and washing steps. Here, we describe an experimental and analytical framework for the development of simple and modular "mix-and-read" enzymatic complementation assays based on split luciferase that enable sensitive detection and quantification of analytes in solution. In this assay, two engineered protein binders targeting nonoverlapping epitopes on the target analyte were each fused to nonactive fragments of luciferase to create biosensor probes. Binding proteins to two model targets, lysozyme and Sso6904, were isolated from a combinatorial library of Sso7d mutants using yeast surface display. In the presence of the analyte, probes were brought into close proximity, reconstituting enzymatic activity of luciferase and enabling detection of low picomolar concentrations of the analyte by chemiluminescence. Subsequently, we constructed an equilibrium binding model that relates binding affinities of the binding proteins for the target, assay parameters such as the concentrations of probes used, and assay performance (limit of detection and concentration range over which the target can be quantified). Overall, our experimental and analytical framework provides the foundation for the development of split luciferase assays for detection and quantification of various targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki McArthur
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Carlos Cruz-Teran
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Apoorva Thatavarty
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Gregory T. Reeves
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Program in Genetics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Balaji M. Rao
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Golden
LEAF Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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9
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Daga S, Ding J, Deltas C, Savige J, Lipska-Ziętkiewicz BS, Hoefele J, Flinter F, Gale DP, Aksenova M, Kai H, Perin L, Barua M, Torra R, Miner JH, Massella L, Ljubanović DG, Lennon R, Weinstock AB, Knebelmann B, Cerkauskaite A, Gear S, Gross O, Turner AN, Baldassarri M, Pinto AM, Renieri A. The 2019 and 2021 International Workshops on Alport Syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:507-16. [PMID: 35260866 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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10
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In Alport syndrome, over 1,700 genetic variants in the COL4A3, COL4A4, and COL4A5 genes cause the absence or malfunctioning of the collagen IVα345 scaffold - an essential component of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Therapies are limited to treatment with Angiotensin-Converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to slow progression of the disease. Here, we review recent progress in therapy development to replace the scaffold or restore its function. RECENT FINDINGS Multiple approaches emerged recently for development of therapies that target different stages of production and assembly of the collagen IVα345 scaffold in the GBM. These approaches are based on (1) recent advances in technologies allowing to decipher pathogenic mechanisms that underlie scaffold assembly and dysfunction, (2) development of DNA editing tools for gene therapy, (3) RNA splicing interference, and (4) control of mRNA translation. SUMMARY There is a growing confidence that these approaches will ultimately provide cure for Alport patients. The development of therapy will be accelerated by studies that provide a deeper understanding of mechanisms that underlie folding, assembly, and function of the collagen IVα345 scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei P. Boudko
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elena Pokidysheva
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Billy G. Hudson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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11
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Omachi K, Kai H, Roberge M, Miner JH. Full-length and split-NanoLuc reporters identify pathogenic COL4A5 nonsense mutations susceptible to premature termination codon readthrough. iScience 2022; 25:103891. [PMID: 35243249 PMCID: PMC8866893 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome, a disease of kidney, ear, and eye, is caused by pathogenic variants in the COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes encoding collagen α3α4α5(IV) of basement membranes. Collagen IV chains that are truncated due to nonsense variants/premature termination codons (PTCs) cannot assemble into heterotrimers or incorporate into basement membranes. To investigate the feasibility of PTC readthrough therapy for Alport syndrome, we utilized two NanoLuc reporters in transfected cells: full-length for monitoring translation, and a split version for assessing readthrough product function. Full-length assays of 49 COL4A5 nonsense variants identified eleven as susceptible to PTC readthrough using various readthrough drugs. In split-NanoLuc assays, the predicted missense α5(IV) readthrough products of five nonsense mutations could heterotrimerize with α3(IV) and α4(IV). Readthrough was also observed in kidney cells from an engineered Col4a5 PTC mouse model. These results suggest that readthrough therapy is a feasible approach for a fraction of patients with Alport syndrome. NanoLuc fusion constructs identified COL4A5 mutants susceptible to PTC readthrough Readthrough enhancer and “designer” compounds promoted PTC readthrough Split-NanoLuc fusion constructs identified functional missense readthrough products Cultured Col4a5 nonsense mutant mouse kidney cells were susceptible to readthrough
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12
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Gorrell L, Omari S, Makareeva E, Leikin S. Noncanonical ER-Golgi trafficking and autophagy of endogenous procollagen in osteoblasts. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8283-8300. [PMID: 34779895 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04017-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Secretion and quality control of large extracellular matrix proteins remain poorly understood and debated, particularly transport intermediates delivering folded proteins from the ER to Golgi and misfolded ones to lysosomes. Discrepancies between different studies are related to utilization of exogenous cargo, off-target effects of experimental conditions and cell manipulation, and identification of transport intermediates without tracing their origin and destination. To address these issues, here we imaged secretory and degradative trafficking of type I procollagen in live MC3T3 osteoblasts by replacing a region encoding N-propeptide in endogenous Col1a2 gDNA with GFP cDNA. We selected clones that produced the resulting fluorescent procollagen yet had normal expression of key osteoblast and ER/cell stress genes, normal procollagen folding, and normal deposition and mineralization of extracellular matrix. Live-cell imaging of these clones revealed ARF1-dependent transport intermediates, which had no COPII coat and delivered procollagen from ER exit sites (ERESs) to Golgi without stopping at ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). It also confirmed ERES microautophagy, i.e., lysosomes engulfing ERESs containing misfolded procollagen. Beyond validating these trafficking models for endogenous procollagen, we uncovered a probable cause of noncanonical cell stress response to procollagen misfolding. Recognized and retained only at ERESs, misfolded procollagen does not directly activate the canonical UPR, yet it disrupts the ER lumen by blocking normal secretory export from the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gorrell
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Shakib Omari
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Elena Makareeva
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sergey Leikin
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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13
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Blaszczak E, Lazarewicz N, Sudevan A, Wysocki R, Rabut G. Protein-fragment complementation assays for large-scale analysis of protein-protein interactions. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1337-1348. [PMID: 34156434 PMCID: PMC8286835 DOI: 10.1042/bst20201058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) orchestrate nearly all biological processes. They are also considered attractive drug targets for treating many human diseases, including cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Protein-fragment complementation assays (PCAs) provide a direct and straightforward way to study PPIs in living cells or multicellular organisms. Importantly, PCAs can be used to detect the interaction of proteins expressed at endogenous levels in their native cellular environment. In this review, we present the principle of PCAs and discuss some of their advantages and limitations. We describe their application in large-scale experiments to investigate PPI networks and to screen or profile PPI targeting compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Blaszczak
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Lazarewicz
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Aswani Sudevan
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Robert Wysocki
- Department of Genetics and Cell Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Gwenaël Rabut
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes) – UMR 6290, F-35000 Rennes, France
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14
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Tang S, Yonezawa T, Maeda Y, Ono M, Maeba T, Miyoshi T, Momota R, Tomono Y, Oohashi T. Lack of collagen α6(IV) chain in mice does not cause severe-to-profound hearing loss or cochlear malformation, a distinct phenotype from nonsyndromic hearing loss with COL4A6 missense mutation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249909. [PMID: 33848312 PMCID: PMC8043391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital hearing loss affects 1 in every 1000 births, with genetic mutations contributing to more than 50% of all cases. X-linked nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss is associated with six loci (DFNX1-6) and five genes. Recently, the missense mutation (c.1771G>A, p.Gly591Ser) in COL4A6, encoding the basement membrane (BM) collagen α6(IV) chain, was shown to be associated with X-linked congenital nonsyndromic hearing loss with cochlear malformation. However, the mechanism by which the COL4A6 mutation impacts hereditary hearing loss has not yet been elucidated. Herein, we investigated Col4a6 knockout (KO) effects on hearing function and cochlear formation in mice. Immunohistochemistry showed that the collagen α6(IV) chain was distributed throughout the mouse cochlea within subepithelial BMs underlying the interdental cells, inner sulcus cells, basilar membrane, outer sulcus cells, root cells, Reissner's membrane, and perivascular BMs in the spiral limbus, spiral ligament, and stria vascularis. However, the click-evoked auditory brainstem response analysis did not show significant changes in the hearing threshold of Col4a6 KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice with the same genetic background. In addition, the cochlear structures of Col4a6 KO mice did not exhibit morphological alterations, according to the results of high-resolution micro-computed tomography and histology. Hence, loss of Col4a6 gene expression in mice showed normal click ABR thresholds and normal cochlear formation, which differs from humans with the COL4A6 missense mutation c.1771G>A, p.Gly591Ser. Therefore, the deleterious effects in the auditory system caused by the missense mutation in COL4A6 are likely due to the dominant-negative effects of the α6(IV) chain and/or α5α6α5(IV) heterotrimer with an aberrant structure that would not occur in cases with loss of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Tang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yonezawa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yukihide Maeda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ono
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeba
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toru Miyoshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Momota
- Department of Human Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tomono
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Oohashi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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15
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Shulman C, Liang E, Kamura M, Udwan K, Yao T, Cattran D, Reich H, Hladunewich M, Pei Y, Savige J, Paterson AD, Suico MA, Kai H, Barua M. Type IV Collagen Variants in CKD: Performance of Computational Predictions for Identifying Pathogenic Variants. Kidney Med 2021; 3:257-266. [PMID: 33851121 PMCID: PMC8039416 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective Pathogenic variants in type IV collagen have been reported to account for a significant proportion of chronic kidney disease. Accordingly, genetic testing is increasingly used to diagnose kidney diseases, but testing also may reveal rare missense variants that are of uncertain clinical significance. To aid in interpretation, computational prediction (called in silico) programs may be used to predict whether a variant is clinically important. We evaluate the performance of in silico programs for COL4A3/A4/A5 variants. Study Design, Setting, & Participants Rare missense variants in COL4A3/A4/A5 were identified in disease cohorts, including a local focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) cohort and publicly available disease databases, in which they are categorized as pathogenic or benign based on clinical criteria. Tests Compared & Outcomes All rare missense variants identified in the 4 disease cohorts were subjected to in silico predictions using 12 different programs. Comparisons between the predictions were compared with: (1) variant classification (pathogenic or benign) in the cohorts and (2) functional characterization in a randomly selected smaller number (17) of pathogenic or uncertain significance variants obtained from the local FSGS cohort. Results In silico predictions correctly classified 75% to 97% of pathogenic and 57% to 100% of benign COL4A3/A4/A5 variants in public disease databases. The congruency of in silico predictions was similar for variants categorized as pathogenic and benign, with the exception of benign COL4A5 variants, in which disease effects were overestimated. By contrast, in silico predictions and functional characterization classified all 9 pathogenic COL4A3/A4/A5 variants correctly that were obtained from a local FSGS cohort. However, these programs also overestimated the effects of genomic variants of uncertain significance when compared with functional characterization. Each of the 12 in silico programs used yielded similar results. Limitations Overestimation of in silico program sensitivity given that they may have been used in the categorization of variants labeled as pathogenic in disease repositories. Conclusions Our results suggest that in silico predictions are sensitive but not specific to assign COL4A3/A4/A5 variant pathogenicity, with misclassification of benign variants and variants of uncertain significance. Thus, we do not recommend in silico programs but instead recommend pursuing more objective levels of evidence suggested by medical genetics guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cole Shulman
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emerald Liang
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Misato Kamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Khalil Udwan
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tony Yao
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel Cattran
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Heather Reich
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Michelle Hladunewich
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - York Pei
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Judy Savige
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew D Paterson
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology, Research Institute at Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Moumita Barua
- Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
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16
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Nozu K, Takaoka Y, Kai H, Takasato M, Yabuuchi K, Yamamura T, Horinouchi T, Sakakibara N, Ninchoji T, Nagano C, Iijima K. Genetic background, recent advances in molecular biology, and development of novel therapy in Alport syndrome. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2020; 39:402-413. [PMID: 33214343 PMCID: PMC7771000 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.20.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alport syndrome (AS) is a progressive inherited kidney disease characterized by hearing loss and ocular abnormalities. There are three forms of AS depending on inheritance mode: X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS), autosomal recessive AS (ARAS), and autosomal dominant AS (ADAS). XLAS is caused by pathogenic variants in COL4A5, which encodes type IV collagen α5 chain, while ADAS and ARAS are caused by variants in COL4A3 or COL4A4, which encode type IV collagen α3 or α4 chain, respectively. In male XLAS or ARAS cases, end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) develops around a median age of 20 to 30 years old, while female XLAS or ADAS cases develop ESKD around a median age of 60 to 70 years old. The diagnosis of AS is dependent on either genetic or pathological findings. However, determining the pathogenicity of the variants detected by gene tests can be difficult. Recently, we applied the following molecular investigation tools to determine pathogenicity: 1) in silico and in vitro trimer formation assay of α345 chains to assess triple helix formation ability, 2) kidney organoids constructed from patients’ induced pluripotent stem cells to identify α5 chain expression on the glomerular basement membrane, and 3) in vitro splicing assay to detect aberrant splicing to determine the pathogenicity of variants. In this review article, we discuss the genetic background and novel assays for determining the pathogenicity of variants. We also discuss the current treatment approaches and introduce exon skipping therapy as one potential treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takaoka
- Division of Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Minoru Takasato
- Laboratory for Human Organogenesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology and Development, Department of Animal Development and Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kensuke Yabuuchi
- Laboratory for Human Organogenesis, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Horinouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nana Sakakibara
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ninchoji
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - China Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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17
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Love AC, Prescher JA. Seeing (and Using) the Light: Recent Developments in Bioluminescence Technology. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:904-920. [PMID: 32795417 PMCID: PMC7472846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioluminescence has long been used to image biological processes in vivo. This technology features luciferase enzymes and luciferin small molecules that produce visible light. Bioluminescent photons can be detected in tissues and live organisms, enabling sensitive and noninvasive readouts on physiological function. Traditional applications have focused on tracking cells and gene expression patterns, but new probes are pushing the frontiers of what can be visualized. The past few years have also seen the merger of bioluminescence with optogenetic platforms. Luciferase-luciferin reactions can drive light-activatable proteins, ultimately triggering signal transduction and other downstream events. This review highlights these and other recent advances in bioluminescence technology, with an emphasis on tool development. We showcase how new luciferins and engineered luciferases are expanding the scope of optical imaging. We also highlight how bioluminescent systems are being leveraged not just for sensing-but also controlling-biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Love
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jennifer A Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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18
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Yamamura T, Horinouchi T, Adachi T, Terakawa M, Takaoka Y, Omachi K, Takasato M, Takaishi K, Shoji T, Onishi Y, Kanazawa Y, Koizumi M, Tomono Y, Sugano A, Shono A, Minamikawa S, Nagano C, Sakakibara N, Ishiko S, Aoto Y, Kamura M, Harita Y, Miura K, Kanda S, Morisada N, Rossanti R, Ye MJ, Nozu Y, Matsuo M, Kai H, Iijima K, Nozu K. Development of an exon skipping therapy for X-linked Alport syndrome with truncating variants in COL4A5. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2777. [PMID: 32488001 PMCID: PMC7265383 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no treatments for Alport syndrome, which is the second most commonly inherited kidney disease. Here we report the development of an exon-skipping therapy using an antisense-oligonucleotide (ASO) for severe male X-linked Alport syndrome (XLAS). We targeted truncating variants in exon 21 of the COL4A5 gene and conducted a type IV collagen α3/α4/α5 chain triple helix formation assay, and in vitro and in vivo treatment efficacy evaluation. We show that exon skipping enabled trimer formation, leading to remarkable clinical and pathological improvements including expression of the α5 chain on glomerular and the tubular basement membrane. In addition, the survival period was clearly prolonged in the ASO treated mice group. This data suggests that exon skipping may represent a promising therapeutic approach for treating severe male XLAS cases. Alport syndrome is a progressive inherited nephritis accompanied by sensorineural loss of hearing and ocular abnormalities, for which there is currently no effective therapy. Here, the authors develop an exon-skipping therapy using an antisense-oligonucleotide and show it is effective in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Yamamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoko Horinouchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomomi Adachi
- Rare Disease Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Terakawa
- Rare Disease Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takaoka
- Division of Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Kiyosumi Takaishi
- Rare Disease Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Shoji
- Modality Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Onishi
- Modality Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kanazawa
- Modality Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Koizumi
- Modality Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuko Tomono
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Shigei Medical Research Institute, Okayama, Japan
| | - Aki Sugano
- Division of Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akemi Shono
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shogo Minamikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - China Nagano
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Nana Sakakibara
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shinya Ishiko
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuya Aoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Misato Kamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Harita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Miura
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kanda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Morisada
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Rini Rossanti
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ming Juan Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masafumi Matsuo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Iijima
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kandai Nozu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
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19
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Yeo J, Qiu Y, Jung GS, Zhang YW, Buehler MJ, Kaplan DL. Adverse effects of Alport syndrome-related Gly missense mutations on collagen type IV: Insights from molecular simulations and experiments. Biomaterials 2020; 240:119857. [PMID: 32085975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Alport syndrome (AS) exhibit blood and elevated protein levels in their urine, inflamed kidneys, and many other abnormalities. AS is attributed to mutations in type IV collagen genes, particularly glycine missense mutations in the collagenous domain of COL4A5 that disrupt common structural motifs in collagen from the repeat (Gly-Xaa-Yaa)n amino acid sequence. To characterize and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying how AS-related mutations perturb the structure and function of type IV collagen, experimental studies and molecular simulations were integrated to investigate the structure, stability, protease sensitivity, and integrin binding affinity of collagen-like proteins containing amino acid sequences from the α5(IV) chain and AS-related Gly missense mutations. We show adverse effects where (i) three AS-related Gly missense mutations significantly reduced the structural stability of the collagen in terms of decreased melting temperatures and calorimetric enthalpies, in conjunction with a collective drop in the external work needed to unfold the peptides containing mutation sequences; (ii) due to local unwinding around the sites of mutations, these triple helical peptides were also degraded more rapidly by trypsin and chymotrypsin, as these enzymes could access the collagenous triple helix more easily and increase the number of contacts; (iii) the mutations further abolished the ability of the recombinant collagens to bind to integrins and greatly reduced the binding affinities between collagen and integrins, thus preventing cells from adhering to these mutants. Our unified experimental and computational approach provided underlying insights needed to guide potential therapies for AS that ameliorate the adverse effects from AS disease onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA; Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632, Singapore; Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Yimin Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA; National Biopesticide Engineering Technology Research Center, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Biopesticide Branch of Hubei Innovation Centre of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430064, PR China
| | - Gang Seob Jung
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yong-Wei Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Markus J Buehler
- Laboratory for Atomistic and Molecular Mechanics (LAMM), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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20
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Kamura M, Yamamura T, Omachi K, Suico MA, Nozu K, Kaseda S, Kuwazuru J, Shuto T, Iijima K, Kai H. Trimerization and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation of COL4A5 Mutants in Alport Syndrome. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:718-26. [PMID: 32405592 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Alport syndrome is a hereditary glomerulonephritis that results from the disruption of collagen α345(IV) heterotrimerization caused by mutation in COL4A3, COL4A4 or COL4A5 genes. Many clinical studies have elucidated the correlation between genotype and phenotype, but there is still much ambiguity and insufficiency. Here, we focused on the α345(IV) heterotrimerization of α5(IV) missense mutant as a novel factor to further understand the pathophysiology of Alport syndrome. Methods We selected 9 α5(IV) missense mutants with typical glycine substitutions that clinically differed in disease progression. To quantify the trimerization of each mutant, split nanoluciferase-fused α3/α5 mutants and α4 were transfected into the cells, and intracellular and secreted heterotrimer were detected by luminescence using an assay that we developed previously. Results Trimer formation and secretion patterns tended to be similar to the wild type in most of the mutations that did not show proteinuria at a young age. On the other hand, trimer secretion was significantly reduced in all the mutations that showed proteinuria and early onset of renal failure. One of these mutants has low ability of intracellular trimer formation, and the others had the defect of low-level secretion. In addition, the mutant that is assumed to be nonpathogenic has similar trimer formation and secretion pattern as wild-type α5(IV). Conclusion The result of cell-based α345(IV) heterotrimer formation assay was largely correlated with clinical genotype–phenotype. These trimerization assessments provide additional phenotypic considerations and may help to distinguish between pathogenic and nonpathogenic mutations.
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21
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Abstract
Collagens form complex networks in the extracellular space that provide structural support and signaling cues to cells. Network-forming type IV collagens are the key structural components of basement membranes. In this review, we discuss how the complexity of type IV collagen networks is established, focusing on collagen α chain selection in type IV collagen protomer and network formation; covalent crosslinking in type IV collagen network stabilization; and the differences between solid-state type IV collagen in the extracellular matrix and soluble type IV collagen fragments. We further discuss how complex type IV collagen networks exert their physiological and pathological functions through cell surface integrin and nonintegrin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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22
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Li P, Wang L, Di LJ. Applications of Protein Fragment Complementation Assays for Analyzing Biomolecular Interactions and Biochemical Networks in Living Cells. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:2987-2998. [PMID: 31274323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are indispensable for the dynamic assembly of multiprotein complexes that are central players of nearly all of the intracellular biological processes, such as signaling pathways, metabolic pathways, formation of intracellular organelles, establishment of cytoplasmic skeletons, etc. Numerous approaches have been invented to study PPIs both in vivo and in vitro, including the protein-fragment complementation assay (PCA), which is a widely applied technology to study PPIs and biomolecular interactions. PCA is a technology based on the expression of the bait and prey proteins in fusion with two complementary reporter protein fragments, respectively, that will reassemble when in close proximity. The reporter protein can be the enzymes or fluorescent proteins. Recovery of the enzymatic activity or fluorescent signal can be the indicator of PPI between the bait and prey proteins. Significant effort has been invested in developing many derivatives of PCA, along with various applications, in order to address specific questions. Therefore, a prompt review of these applications is important. In this review, we will categorize these applications according to the scenarios that the PCAs were applied and expect to provide a reference guideline for the future selection of PCA methods in solving a specific problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Li
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau , SAR of China
| | - Li Wang
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau , SAR of China.,Metabolomics Core, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau , SAR of China
| | - Li-Jun Di
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau , SAR of China
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23
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Wong MY, Shoulders MD. Targeting defective proteostasis in the collagenopathies. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 50:80-88. [PMID: 31028939 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The collagenopathies are a diverse group of diseases caused primarily by mutations in collagen genes. The resulting disruptions in collagen biogenesis can impair development, cause cellular dysfunction, and severely impact connective tissues. Most existing treatment options only address patient symptoms. Yet, while the disease-causing genes and proteins themselves are difficult to target, increasing evidence suggests that resculpting the intracellular proteostasis network, meaning the machineries responsible for producing and ensuring the integrity of collagen, could provide substantial benefit. We present a proteostasis-focused perspective on the collagenopathies, emphasizing progress toward understanding how mechanisms of collagen proteostasis are disrupted in disease. In parallel, we highlight recent advances in small molecule approaches to tune endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis that may prove useful in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Y Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Matthew D Shoulders
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
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24
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Hale LJ, Little MH. Shining a Light on Alport Syndrome. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 25:497-498. [PMID: 29775602 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Omachi et al. (2018) present a split Nanoluciferase system to identify successful protein trimerization in Alport syndrome. This elegant proof of concept suggests opportunities for drug screening for Alport syndrome and may be transferable to the study of other diseases affecting protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorna J Hale
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Melissa H Little
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd., Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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