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Sun J, Yu TT, Mirabediny M, Lee M, Jones A, O'Carroll DM, Manefield MJ, Kumar PV, Pickford R, Ramadhan ZR, Bhattacharyya SK, Åkermark B, Das B, Kumar N. Soluble metal porphyrins - Zero-valent zinc system for effective reductive defluorination of branched per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121803. [PMID: 38795548 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent metals (nZVMs) have been extensively utilized for decades in the reductive remediation of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds, owing to their robust reducing capabilities, simple application, and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of information regarding the efficient reductive defluorination of linear or branched per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) using nZVMs as reductants, largely due to the absence of appropriate catalysts. In this work, various soluble porphyrin ligands [[meso‑tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrinato]cobalt(III)]Cl·7H2O (CoTCPP), [[meso‑tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato]cobalt(III)]·9H2O (CoTPPS), and [[meso‑tetra(4-N-methylpyridyl) porphyrinato]cobalt(II)](I)4·4H2O (CoTMpyP) have been explored for defluorination of PFASs in the presence of the nZn0 as reductant. Among these, the cationic CoTMpyP showed best defluorination efficiencies for br-perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) (94%), br-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (89%), and 3,7-Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) (60%) after 1 day at 70 °C. The defluorination rate constant of this system (CoTMpyP-nZn0) is 88-164 times higher than the VB12-nZn0 system for the investigated br-PFASs. The CoTMpyP-nZn0 also performed effectively at room temperature (55% for br-PFOS, 55% for br-PFOA and 25% for 3,7-PFDA after 1day), demonstrating the great potential of in-situ application. The effect of various solubilizing substituents, electron transfer flow and corresponding PFASs defluorination pathways in the CoTMpyP-nZn0 system were investigated by both experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. SYNOPSIS: Due to the unavailability of active catalysts, available information on reductive remediation of PFAS by zero-valent metals (ZVMs) is still inadequate. This study explores the effective defluorination of various branched PFASs using soluble porphyrin-ZVM systems and offers a systematic approach for designing the next generation of catalysts for PFAS remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tsz Tin Yu
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Maryam Mirabediny
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Matthew Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Adele Jones
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Denis M O'Carroll
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Michael J Manefield
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Priyank V Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Russell Pickford
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zeno Rizqi Ramadhan
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Saroj Kumar Bhattacharyya
- Solid State and Elemental Analysis Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052 Australia
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Biswanath Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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2
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Mohona TM, Ye Z, Dai N, Nalam PC. Adsorption behavior of long-chain perfluoroalkyl substances on hydrophobic surface: A combined molecular characterization and simulation study. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 239:120074. [PMID: 37207455 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic interaction is a prevalent sorption mechanism of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in natural and engineered environments. In this study, we combined quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), atomic force microscope (AFM) with force mapping, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to probe the molecular behavior of PFAS at the hydrophobic interface. On a CH3-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) showed ∼2-fold higher adsorption than perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) that has the same fluorocarbon tail length but a different head group. Kinetic modeling using the linearized Avrami model suggests that the PFNA/PFOS-surface interaction mechanisms can evolve over time. This is confirmed by AFM force-distance measurements, which shows that while the adsorbed PFNA/PFOS molecules mostly lay flat, a portion of them formed aggregates/hierarchical structures of 1-10 nm in size after lateral diffusion on surface. PFOS showed a higher affinity to aggregate than PFNA. Association with air nanobubbles is observed for PFOS but not PFNA. MD simulations further showed that PFNA has a greater tendency than PFOS to have its tail inserted into the hydrophobic SAM, which can enhance adsorption but limit lateral diffusion, consistent with the relative behavior of PFNA/PFOS in QCM and AFM experiments. This integrative QCM-AFM-MD study reveals that the interfacial behavior of PFAS molecules can be heterogeneous even on a relatively homogeneous surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashfia M Mohona
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Zhijiang Ye
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Prathima C Nalam
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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3
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Yang Z, Zhuo Q, Wang W, Guo S, Chen J, Li Y, Lv S, Yu G, Qiu Y. Fabrication and characterizations of Zn-doped SnO 2-Ti 4O 7 anode for electrochemical degradation of hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid and its homologues. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131605. [PMID: 37196440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) and its homologues, as perfluorinated ether alkyl substances with strong antioxidant properties, have rarely been reported by electrooxidation processes to achieve good results. Herein, we report the use of an oxygen defect stacking strategy to construct Zn-doped SnO2-Ti4O7 for the first time and enhance the electrochemical activity of Ti4O7. Compared with the original Ti4O7, the Zn-doped SnO2-Ti4O7 showed a 64.4% reduction in interfacial charge transfer resistance, a 17.5% increase in the cumulative rate of •OH generation, and an enhanced oxygen vacancy concentration. The Zn-doped SnO2-Ti4O7 anode exhibited high catalytic efficiency of 96.4% for HFPO-DA within 3.5 h at 40 mA/cm2. Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer and tetramer acid exhibit more difficult degradation due to the protective effect of the -CF3 branched chain and the addition of the ether oxygen atom leading to a significant increase in the C-F bond dissociation energy. The degradation rates of 10 cyclic degradation experiments and the leaching concentrations of Zn and Sn after 22 electrolysis experiments demonstrated the good stability of the electrodes. In addition, the aqueous toxicity of HFPO-DA and its degradation products was evaluated. This study analyzed the electrooxidation process of HFPO-DA and its homologues for the first time, and provided some new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehong Yang
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongfang Zhuo
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenlong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuting Guo
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanliang Li
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Sihao Lv
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfu Qiu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China
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4
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Londhe K, Lee CS, McDonough CA, Venkatesan AK. The Need for Testing Isomer Profiles of Perfluoroalkyl Substances to Evaluate Treatment Processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15207-15219. [PMID: 36314557 PMCID: PMC9670843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many environmentally relevant poly-/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) including perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exist in different isomeric (branched and linear) forms in the natural environment. The isomeric distribution of PFASs in the environment and source waters is largely controlled by the source of contamination and varying physicochemical properties imparted by their structural differences. For example, branched isomers of PFOS are relatively more reactive and less sorptive compared to the linear analogue. As a result, the removal of branched and linear PFASs during water treatment can vary, and thus the isomeric distribution in source waters can influence the overall efficiency of the treatment process. In this paper, we highlight the need to consider the isomeric distribution of PFASs in contaminated matrices while designing appropriate remediation strategies. We additionally summarize the known occurrence and variation in the physicochemical properties of PFAS isomers influencing their detection, fate, toxicokinetics, and treatment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Londhe
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- New
York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Cheng-Shiuan Lee
- New
York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Research
Center for Environmental Changes, Academia
Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Carrie A. McDonough
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Arjun K. Venkatesan
- Department
of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- New
York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony
Brook, New York 11794, United States
- School
of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony
Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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5
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Sun J, Jennepalli S, Lee M, Jones A, O'Carroll DM, Manefield MJ, Bhadbhade M, Åkermark B, Das B, Kumar N. Efficient Reductive Defluorination of Branched PFOS by Metal-Porphyrin Complexes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7830-7839. [PMID: 35656584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (VB12) has been reported to degrade PFOS in the presence of TiIII citrate at 70 °C. Porphyrin-based catalysts have emerged as VB12 analogues and have been successfully used in various fields of research due to their interesting structural and electronic properties. However, there is inadequate information on the use of these porphyrin-based metal complexes in the defluorination of PFOS. We have therefore explored a series of porphyrin-based metal complexes for the degradation of PFOS. CoII-5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrin (CoII-TPP), CoII-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrin (CoII-M-TPP), and CoIII-M-TPP exhibited efficient reductive defluorination of the branched PFOS. Within 5-8 h, these compounds achieved the same level of PFOS defluorination as VB12 achieved in 7-10 days. For branched isomers, the specific removal rate of the CoII-TPP-TiIII citrate system is 64-105 times higher than that for VB12-TiIII citrate. Moreover, the CoII-TPP-TiIII citrate system displayed efficient (51%) defluorination for the branched PFOS (br-PFOS) in 1 day even at room temperature (25 °C). The effects of the iron and cobalt metal centers, reaction pH, and several reductants (NaBH4, nanosized zerovalent zinc (nZn0), and TiIII citrate) were systematically investigated. Based on the analysis of the products and previously published reports, a new possible defluorination pathway of branched PFOS is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Sreenu Jennepalli
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, United States
| | - Matthew Lee
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Adele Jones
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Denis M O'Carroll
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michael J Manefield
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Biswanath Das
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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6
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Shi H, Chiang SYD, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liang S, Zhou J, Fontanez R, Gao S, Huang Q. An electrocoagulation and electrooxidation treatment train to remove and degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in aqueous solution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147723. [PMID: 34034184 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the feasibility of a novel treatment train that combines electrocoagulation (EC) with electrooxidation (EO) treatment to remove and degrade per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from water. Electrocoagulation with a zinc anode could effectively remove PFASs from water, and long-chain PFASs (C7-C10) tended to have a higher removal rate. Foam was generated when a relatively high current density (>1 mA cm-2) was applied to a relatively high PFAS concentration (each PFAS > 0.1 μM) during EC, which promoted the separation of PFASs from the bulk solution, especially for long-chain PFASs. Isotherm-like adsorption results indicated that competitive adsorption on floc occurred between PFASs when no foam was produced in a solution containing 10 different PFASs. Acid dissolution methods could recover and concentrate 10 PFASs in controlled volumes from both the floc and the foam, and it was also successfully applied in groundwater collected from a contaminated site. The concentrated PFASs in the acid solutions were efficiently destructed using EO treatment with a Ti4O7 anode at 10 mA cm-2, and no supplement of electrolyte was needed for the floc dissolved solution. This electrochemical-based process can economically separate, concentrate and destroy PFASs in groundwater and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Shi
- School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, United States
| | | | - Yaye Wang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, United States
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, United States
| | - Shangtao Liang
- AECOM Technical Services, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30309, United States
| | - Jing Zhou
- AECOM Technical Services, Inc., Atlanta, GA 30309, United States
| | - Raymond Fontanez
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, United States
| | - Shixiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, United States.
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7
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Park J, An S, Jho EH, Bae S, Choi Y, Choe JK. Exploring reductive degradation of fluorinated pharmaceuticals using Al 2O 3-supported Pt-group metallic catalysts: Catalytic reactivity, reaction pathways, and toxicity assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 185:116242. [PMID: 32758791 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, an increasing number of pharmaceutical compounds has become fluorinated. Owing to their pharmacological efficacy, the use of these fluorinated pharmaceuticals continues to grow, and they constitute 20% of the drugs on the current market. However, only a few studies have investigated the fate and transformation of these emerging contaminants in natural and engineered aquatic environments. In the present study, the H2-based reductive transformation of three fluorinated pharmaceutical compounds (levofloxacin, sitagliptin, and fluoxetine) were investigated using alumina-supported monometallic and bimetallic catalysts of the Pt-group noble metals (i.e., Ru, Rh, Pd, and Pt) under ambient temperature and pressure conditions. Degradation of all three compounds was observed with catalytic reactivity ranging from 4.0 × 10-3 to 2.14 × 102 L/(min·gcat), in which fluoxetine generally showed the highest reactivity, followed by sitagliptin and levofloxacin. The fluorination yields and transformation products were characterized for each fluorinated compound and three different degradation mechanisms were elucidated: 1) hydrodefluorination of C-F bond to CH bond, 2) hydrogenation of aromatic ring, and 3) reductive cleavage of CO bond from phenyl ether. Toxicity assessment using Aliivibrio fischeri showed there were no significant changes in toxicity over levofloxacin and sitagliptin degradation, suggesting the formation of no highly toxic by-products during catalytic reduction. For fluoxetine, an increased toxicity was observed during its degradation while ECOSAR-predicted toxicity values of all identified intermediates were lower than that of fluoxetine, suggesting the formation of unidentified secondary by-products that contribute to the overall toxicity. The study showed that catalytic reduction is a promising remediation process for treating and defluorinating the fluorinated pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyeong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 35-402, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyoung An
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 35-402, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hea Jho
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81 Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-eup, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Bae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongju Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 35-402, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwon Choe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, 35-402, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Park S, Lee LS, Ross I, Hurst J. Evaluating perfluorooctanesulfonate oxidation in permanganate systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:13976-13984. [PMID: 32034598 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Permanganate (PM) has shown to be able to oxidize a range of organic contaminants including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). However, mechanisms of PFOS removal by PM have been questioned. To provide clarity to what may be happening to PFOS in PM systems, here we evaluated the ability of PM on PFOS destruction by conducting studies similar to previous studies that reported PFOS destruction which included PM solutions and PM combined with persulfate (PS). We also evaluated if addition of various soluble catalysts could enhance PM's potential to breakdown PFOS. We observed no PFOS destruction by PM. We also show that the F- and SO42- generation reported in a published study as evidence that PM was breaking bonds in PFOS were found below or not significantly higher than reported limits of quantitation and that SO42- impurities in technical PM approach the reported SO42- levels. For PM-PS systems, heterogeneous PFOS distribution was observed when subsampling reaction vessels at different depths and "salting-out" of PFOS was evident. In addition, subsequent sonication and filtering of the samples led to the apparent disappearance of most of the PFOS, which was an artifact arising from the behavior of PFOS aggregates or potential hemi-micelle formation. Given these findings, addition of salts may have application for collecting or concentrating PFOS and other PFAAs in a remediation or water treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saerom Park
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
- Ecological Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Linda S Lee
- Ecological Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Graduate Program, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Ian Ross
- Arcadis (UK) Limited, Arcadis House, 34 York Way, London, N1 9AB, UK
| | - Jake Hurst
- Arcadis (UK) Limited, Arcadis House, 34 York Way, London, N1 9AB, UK
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9
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Selected advanced water treatment technologies for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Khan MY, So S, da Silva G. Decomposition kinetics of perfluorinated sulfonic acids. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 238:124615. [PMID: 31454742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a widespread and persistent pollutant of concern to human health and the environment. Although incineration is often used to treat material contaminated with PFOS and related per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), little is known about the precise chemical mechanism for the thermal decomposition of these substances of concern. Here, we present the first study of the thermal decomposition kinetics of PFOS and related perfluorinated acids, using computational chemistry and reaction rate theory methods. We discover that the preferred channel for PFOS decomposition is via an α-sultone that spontaneously decomposes to form perfluorooctanal and SO2. At 1000 K the halflife for PFOS is predicted to be 0.2 s, decreasing sharply as temperature increases further. These results show that the acid headgroup in PFOS can be efficiently destroyed in incinerators operating at relatively modest temperatures. The new insights provided into the exact decomposition mechanism and kinetics of PFOS will help to improve remediation technologies actively under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yasir Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Sui So
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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11
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Shi H, Wang Y, Li C, Pierce R, Gao S, Huang Q. Degradation of Perfluorooctanesulfonate by Reactive Electrochemical Membrane Composed of Magnéli Phase Titanium Suboxide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:14528-14537. [PMID: 31730354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b04148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the degradation of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) in a reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) system in which a porous Magnéli phase titanium suboxide ceramic membrane served simultaneously as the anode and the membrane. Near complete removal (98.30 ± 0.51%) of PFOS was achieved under a cross-flow filtration mode at the anodic potential of 3.15 V vs standard hydrogen electrode (SHE). PFOS removal efficiency during the REM operation is much greater than that of the batch operation mode under the same anodic potential. A systematic reaction rate analysis in combination with electrochemical characterizations quantitatively elucidated the enhancement of PFOS removal in REM operation in relation to the increased electroactive surface area and improved interphase mass transfer. PFOS appeared to undergo rapid mineralization to CO2 and F-, with only trace levels of short-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs, C4-C8) identified as intermediate products. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations and experiments involving free radical scavengers indicated that PFOS degradation was initiated by direct electron transfer (DET) on anode to yield PFOS free radicals (PFOS•), which further react with hydroxyl radicals that were generated by water oxidation and adsorbed on the anode surface (•OHads). The attack of •OHads is essential to PFOS degradation, because, otherwise, PFOS• may react with water and revert to PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P.R. China
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
| | - Yaye Wang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
| | - Chenguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P.R. China
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
| | - Randall Pierce
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
| | - Shixiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P.R. China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
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Bao Y, Huang J, Cagnetta G, Yu G. Removal of F-53B as PFOS alternative in chrome plating wastewater by UV/Sulfite reduction. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114907. [PMID: 31369921 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chrome mist suppressants are key chemicals used in the chrome plating industry to reduce exposure of workers by inhalation to airborne chromic acid pollution. Perfluoroalkyl sulfonated compounds are excellent mist suppressants, thanks to their chemical stability and surface activity. Therefore, despite mounting evidence for their persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity, it is likely that such chemicals will continue to be used for the foreseeable future because of their importance and lack of alternatives. The present study is aimed at assessing the feasibility of advanced reduction as an effective technology to treat chrome plating industry wastewater. In particular, wastewater containing a chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (i.e. F-53B), an alternative to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) used to prepare chrome mist suppressant in China, was treated by UV-activated sulfite. Results demonstrates that in ultrapure water F-53B can be easily degraded within 1 min-much faster than PFOS. Stoichiometric fluoride recovery was also achieved, confirming significant defluorination of the pollutant. Such superior reducibility was due to the presence of chlorine atoms, as corroborated by quantum chemical calculations. F-53B degradation was also achieved in chrome plating industrial wastewater, which yielded results were slower than those achieved in the laboratory nonetheless obtained complete abatement within 60 min. These results suggest that the proposed advanced reduction process is one of the safest options to control PFAS discharge in the environment and reduce the related risks to ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Bao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Giovanni Cagnetta
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gang Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKJLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control (BKLEOC), School of Environment, POPs Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Luo Q, Yan X, Lu J, Huang Q. Perfluorooctanesulfonate Degrades in a Laccase-Mediator System. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:10617-10626. [PMID: 30146871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is a compound that has wide applications with extreme persistence in the environment and the potential to bioaccumulate, and could induce adverse effects to ecosystems. We investigated the degradation of PFOS by laccase-induced enzyme catalyzed oxidative humification reactions (ECOHRs) using 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) as a mediator. Approximately 59% of PFOS was transformed over 162 days of incubation, and the reaction appeared to follow a pseudo-first-order model with reaction rate constant of 0.0066/ d ( r2 = 0.87) under one condition tested. Using differential absorption spectra and theoretical simulation, we elucidated the interaction between Cu2+/Mg2+ and PFOS, and proposed that Cu2+ and Mg2+ could serve as a bridge to bring the negatively charged PFOS and laccase to proximity, thus increasing the chance of radicals that are released from laccase to reach and react with PFOS. In addition, density functional theory modeling showed that PFOS complexation to the metal ions could unlock its helical configuration and decrease the C-C bond energy of PFOS. These changes allow the attack of PFOS C-C backbone by radicals to become easier. On the basis of products identification, we proposed that direct attack of PFOS by the HBT radical initiated the free radical chain reaction processes and led to the formation of fluoride and partially fluorinated compounds. These results suggest that ECOHR is a potential pathway by which PFOS could be degraded in the environment, and it may make a viable approach to remediate PFOS contamination via amendment of appropriate enzymes and mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Luo
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
| | - Xiufen Yan
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University of Science and Technology , Zhenjiang , Jiangsu 212003 , China
| | - Junhe Lu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210095 , China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences , University of Georgia , Griffin , Georgia 30223 , United States
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Park S, de Perre C, Lee LS. Alternate Reductants with VB12 to Transform C8 and C6 Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonates: Limitations and Insights into Isomer-Specific Transformation Rates, Products and Pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:13869-13877. [PMID: 29129060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies evaluating Vitamin B12 (VB12) with Ti(III)-citrate for potential use in in situ remediation of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) found that linear (L)-PFOS was unaltered. We explored if alternate reductants could overcome this limitation with a primary focus on nanoscale zerovalent zinc (nZn0). Transformation over time with VB12-nZn0 was quantified at 22, 70, and 90 °C for PFOS, at 70 °C for perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), and VB12-nFe0 and VB12-Pd0/nFe0 at 70 °C for PFOS. Only branched (br-) isomers were transformed generating F- (no SO42-) and polyfluoroalkyl intermediates/products. The absence of L-PFOS transformation by VB12 appears to be due to the inability of L-perfluoroalkyl sulfonates to complex with VB12 and not an activation energy issue that can be overcome by stronger reductants/catalysts. At 90 °C, 95% of br-PFOS isomers were transformed within 5 days. Isomer-specific removal rates were positively correlated to the br-CF3's proximity to the terminal CF3. Br-PFHxS transformation was approximately two times slower with less defluorination than br-PFOS. C8/C7 and C6/C5 polyfluorinated sulfonates from br-PFOS and br-PFHxS, respectively, were identified as both intermediates and apparent dead-end products. Pathways included 4 F replaced by 2 H and a C═C bond, and serial F replacement by H with up to 12 F atoms removed from br-PFOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saerom Park
- Department of Agronomy, ‡Ecological Science and Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054, United States
| | - Chloe de Perre
- Department of Agronomy, ‡Ecological Science and Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054, United States
| | - Linda S Lee
- Department of Agronomy, ‡Ecological Science and Engineering, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2054, United States
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Luo Q, Wang Z, Feng M, Chiang D, Woodward D, Liang S, Lu J, Huang Q. Factors controlling the rate of perfluorooctanoic acid degradation in laccase-mediator systems: The impact of metal ions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 224:649-657. [PMID: 28262377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the factors that regulated the degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in laccase-catalyzed oxidative humification reactions with 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) as a mediator. The reaction rates were examined under conditions with key factors varied, including initial PFOA concentrations, laccase and HBT dosages, and the ionic contents of the reaction solutions. The PFOA degradation followed pseudo-first order kinetics, and the rate constants (k) were similar for the high (100 μmol L-1) and low (1.00 μmol L-1) initial PFOA concentrations, respectively at 0.0040 day-1 (r2 = 0.98) and 0.0042 day-1 (r2 = 0.86) under an optimum reaction condition tested in this study. The metal ions contained in the reaction solution appeared to have a strong impact on PFOA degradation. Differential UV-Vis spectrometry revealed that Cu2+ can complex with PFOA, which plays an essential role to enable PFOA degradation, probably by bridging the negatively charged PFOA and laccase, so that the free radicals of HBT that are released from laccase can reach and react with PFOA. It was also found that Fe3+ plays a similar role as Cu2+ to enable PFOA degradation in the laccase-HBT reaction system. In contrast, Mg2+ and Mn2+ cannot complex with PFOA under the investigated conditions, and do not enable PFOA degradation in the laccase-HBT system. Fluoride and partially fluorinated compounds were detected as PFOA degradation products using ion chromatography and high resolution mass spectrometry. The structures of the products suggest the reaction pathways involving free-radical initiated decarboxylation, rearrangement, and cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Luo
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
| | - Zunyao Wang
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Mingbao Feng
- School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Dora Chiang
- AECOM Inc., Remediation Technology, Atlanta, GA 30309, USA
| | - David Woodward
- AECOM Inc., Remediation Technology, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055, USA
| | - Shangtao Liang
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA
| | - Junhe Lu
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA.
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Rayne S, Forest K. Estimated pKa values for the environmentally relevant C1 through C8 perfluorinated sulfonic acid isomers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2016; 51:1018-1023. [PMID: 27389973 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1198191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to estimate isomer-specific acidity constants (pKa) for the perfluorinated sulfonic acid (PFSA) environmental contaminants, the parameterization method 6 (PM6) pKa prediction method was extensively validated against a wide range of carbon oxyacids and related sulfonic/sulfinic acids. Excellent pKa prediction performance was observed for the carbon oxyacids using the PM6 method, but this approach was found to have a severe positive bias for sulfonic/sulfinic acids. To overcome this obstacle, a correlation was developed between non-adjusted PM6 pKa values and the corresponding experimentally obtained/estimated acidity constants for a range of representative alkyl, aryl and halogen-substituted sulfonic acids. Application of this correction to the PM6 values allows for extension of this computational method to a new acid functional group. When used to estimate isomer-specific pKa values for the C1 through C8 PFSAs, the modified PM6 approach suggests an adjusted pKa range from -5.3 to -9.0, indicating that all members of this class of well-known environmental contaminants will be effectively completely dissociated in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sierra Rayne
- a Chemologica Research , Moose Jaw , Saskatchewan , Canada
| | - Kaya Forest
- b Department of Environmental Engineering Technology , Saskatchewan Polytechnic , Moose Jaw , Saskatchewan , Canada
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Zhang F, Zheng Y, Liang J, Long S, Chen X, Tan K. A simple and highly sensitive assay of perfluorooctanoic acid based on resonance light scattering technique. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 159:7-12. [PMID: 26824483 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A simple, highly sensitive resonance light scattering (RLS) method for the detection of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been developed based on the interaction with crystal violet (CV). It was found that PFOA can form complexes with CV in acid medium resulting in remarkable enhancement of the RLS intensity of the system. And the enhanced RLS intensities are in proportion to the concentration of PFOA in the range of 0.1-25.0 μmol/L (R(2)=0.9998), with a detection limit of 11.0 nmol/L (S/N=3). In this work, the optimum reaction conditions and the interferences of foreign substances were investigated. The reaction mechanism between CV and PFOA was also studied by the absorption spectrum and scanning electron microscope (SEM). This method is successfully applied to the determination of PFOA in tap water and Jialing river water samples with RSD≤4.04%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Yonghong Zheng
- Chongqing Fiber Inspection Bureau, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Jiaman Liang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Sha Long
- Chongqing Fiber Inspection Bureau, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Xianping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Kejun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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19
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20
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He G, Zhang M, Zhou Q, Pan G. Molecular dynamics simulations of structural transformation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at water/rutile interfaces. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 134:272-278. [PMID: 25966457 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Concentration and salinity conditions are the dominant environmental factors affecting the behavior of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) on the surfaces of a variety of solid matrices (suspended particles, sediments, and natural minerals). However, the mechanism has not yet been examined at molecular scales. Here, the structural transformation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at water/rutile interfaces induced by changes of the concentration level of PFOS and salt condition was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. At low and intermediate concentrations all PFOS molecules directly interacted with the rutile (110) surface mainly by the sulfonate headgroups through electrostatic attraction, yielding a typical monolayer structure. As the concentration of PFOS increased, the molecules aggregated in a complex multi-layered structure, where an irregular assembling configuration was adsorbed on the monolayer structure by the van der Waals interactions between the perfluoroalkyl chains. When adding CaCl2 to the system, the multi-layered structure changed to a monolayer again, indicating that the addition of CaCl2 enhanced the critical concentration value to yield PFOS multilayer assemblies. The divalent Ca(2+) substituted for monovalent K(+) as the bridging counterion in PFOS adsorption. MD simulation may trigger wide applications in study of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) from atomic/molecular scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhi He
- Department of Environmental Nano-materials, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Meiyi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Nano-materials, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Environmental Nano-materials, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Gang Pan
- Department of Environmental Nano-materials, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Wang F, Shih K, Leckie JO. Effect of humic acid on the sorption of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) on boehmite. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 118:213-8. [PMID: 25268321 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The sorption of PFOS and PFBS on boehmite was significantly retarded by the competitive sorption of humic acid (HA), implying that PFOS and PFBS are likely more mobile in water and groundwater systems enriched with HA. The sorption behavior of PFOS and PFBS on the HA-modified boehmite surface were also found to differ due to their different chain lengths. For a partially HA-modified boehmite surface, the isotherm study showed that PFOS had a much higher maximum sorption capacity than PFBS and that PFOS might possess additional surface interactions besides electrostatic interaction. For a HA-saturated boehmite, a linear sorption isotherm was found for PFOS while nearly no PFBS sorption was observed. This indicates that sorption behavior between PFOS and the sorbed HA on boehmite was dominated by hydrophobic interactions, instead of electrostatic interaction. In addition, a conceptual model combining hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction was established to explain the sorption behavior of PFOS and PFBS on HA-modified boehmite. Finally, the results revealed that the sorption of PFOS and PFBS on HA-modified boehmite is pH-dependent. The neutralization of negative sites on HA-modified boehmite reduced the electrostatic repulsion and enhanced the partitioning of PFBS on the sorbed HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Kaimin Shih
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
| | - James O Leckie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, and Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWit), Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Ge Y, Liu ZZ, Liu HX, Feng JK, Liu DS, Ge XW. Theoretical study on the degradation reaction mechanism of elimination hydrogen fluoride from perfluoropropionic acid. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ran XQ, Goddard JD. Theoretical studies of the structural, electronic, and 19F NMR properties of linear and branched perfluorobutanesulfonate. CAN J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2013-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The structural and electronic properties of linear and branched perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) in its anionic, acidic, and potassium or sodium salt forms were studied in a polarizable continuum model (PCM) of methanol solvent with the B3LYP functional and the 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The 19F chemical shifts and 19F−19F J-coupling constants were determined in a PCM of methanol solvent with GIAO B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p). The differences in energy, enthalpy, and free energy of the four PFBS isomers were compared. The data indicate that the linear PFBS species is less stable than the branched isomers and the isomer with the tert-butyl-like structure is the most stable. The J-coupling contributions via both a non-Fermi contact mechanism and a long chain of bonds (through-bond) indicate that 19F−19F J-coupling constants are long range in these branched PFBS isomers. The calculated and experimental 19F chemical shifts for the linear PFBS species are in good agreement. In addition, the results obtained establish the similarities between the geometries and electronic and NMR properties of linear PFBS and linear perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qin Ran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - John D. Goddard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Wang F, Liu C, Shih K. Adsorption behavior of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) on boehmite. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 89:1009-14. [PMID: 22897837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.06.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction of perfluorochemicals, persistent pollutants with known human health effects, with mineral compounds in surface water and groundwater environments is essential to determining their fate and transport. Kinetic experiments showed that adsorption equilibrium can be achieved within 48 h and the boehmite (AlOOH) surface is receptive to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) adsorption. The adsorption isotherms estimated the maximum adsorption capacities of PFOS and PFOA on boehmite as 0.877 μg m(-2) and 0.633 μg m(-2), respectively. Compared to the adsorption capacity on γ-alumina, the abundant hydroxyl groups on boehmite surfaces resulted in the 2-3 times higher adsorption of PFOS and PFOA. Increasing solution pH led to a moderate decrease in PFOS and PFOA adsorption, owing to an increase in ligand exchange reactions and the decrease of electrostatic interactions. The presence of NaCl and CaCl(2) in solution demonstrated negative effects for PFOS and PFOA adsorption on boehmite surfaces, with potential mechanisms being electrical double layer compression, competitive adsorption of chloride, and the Ca(2+) bridging effect between perfluorochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Montero-Campillo MM, Mora-Diez N, Lamsabhi AM. Thermodynamic Stability of Neutral and Anionic PFOS: A Gas-Phase, n-Octanol, and Water Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:10148-55. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105187w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Merced Montero-Campillo
- Department of Chemistry, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, V2C 5N3 Canada, and Departamento de Química C-9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nelaine Mora-Diez
- Department of Chemistry, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, V2C 5N3 Canada, and Departamento de Química C-9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Al Mokhtar Lamsabhi
- Department of Chemistry, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, British Columbia, V2C 5N3 Canada, and Departamento de Química C-9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Hu J, Zhang X, Wang Z. A review on progress in QSPR studies for surfactants. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:1020-1047. [PMID: 20479997 PMCID: PMC2868353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11031020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a review on recent progress in quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) studies of surfactants and applications of various molecular descriptors. QSPR studies on critical micelle concentration (cmc) and surface tension (γ) of surfactants are introduced. Studies on charge distribution in ionic surfactants by quantum chemical calculations and its effects on the structures and properties of the colloids of surfactants are also reviewed. The trends of QSPR studies on cloud point (for nonionic surfactants), biodegradation potential and some other properties of surfactants are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Hu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550001, China; E-Mail:
(J.H.)
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 550001, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails:
(X.Z.);
(Z.W.); Tel.: +86-851-6702134 (X.Z.); +86-21-34205748 (Z.W.); Fax: +86-851-6702134 (X.Z.); +86-21-34205877 (Z.W.)
| | - Zhengwu Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Bor Luh Food Safety Center, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, 201101, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails:
(X.Z.);
(Z.W.); Tel.: +86-851-6702134 (X.Z.); +86-21-34205748 (Z.W.); Fax: +86-851-6702134 (X.Z.); +86-21-34205877 (Z.W.)
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Rayne S, Forest K. Comparative semiempirical, ab initio, and density functional theory study on the thermodynamic properties of linear and branched perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids/sulfonyl fluorides, perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid/acyl fluorides, and perhydroalkyl sulfonic acids, alkanes, and alcohols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rayne S, Forest K. Comment on "Ab initio study of the structural, electronic, and thermodynamic properties of linear perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and its branched isomers" by F.J. Torres, V. Ochoa-Herrera, P. Blowers, R. Sierra-Alvarez [Chemosphere 76 (8) (2009) 1143-1149]. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 77:1455-1458. [PMID: 19666185 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Liu Z, Goddard JD. Predictions of the Fluorine NMR Chemical Shifts of Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids, CnF2n+1COOH (n = 6−8). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13921-31. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9078037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zizhong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1, and Chemistry and Environment Science College, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China 010022
| | - John D. Goddard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1, and Chemistry and Environment Science College, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China 010022
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