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Zhang H, Liu WH, Gao YY, Sun P, Zeng YP, Ma LL, Wu JN, Zhou SG, Cui XQ, Zeng RJ, Wang HF. A novel approach for sludge deep-dewatering via flowing-out enhancement but not relying on cell lysis and bound water release. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 257:121743. [PMID: 38728775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Effective deep-dewatering is crucial for wastewater sludge management. Currently, the dominant methods focus on promoting cell lysis to release intracellular water, but these techniques often lead to secondary pollution and require stringent conditions, limiting their practical use. This study explores an innovative method using a commercially available complex quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, known as G-agent. This agent remarkably reduces the sludge water content from 98.6 % to 56.8 % with a low dosage (50 mg/g DS) and under neutral pH conditions. This approach surpasses Fenton oxidation in terms of dewatering efficiency and avoids the necessity for cell lysis and bound water release, thereby reducing the risk of secondary pollution in the filtrate, including heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other contaminants. The G-agent plays a significant role in destabilizing flocs and enhancing flocculation during the conditioning and initial dewatering stages, effectively reducing the solid-liquid interfacial affinity of the sludge. In the compression filtration stage, the agent's solidification effect is crucial in forming a robust skeleton that improves pore connectivity within the filter cake, leading to increased water permeability, drainage performance and water flow-out efficiency. This facilitates deep dewatering of sludge without cell lysis. The study reveals that the G-agent primarily improves water flow-out efficiency rather than water flowability, indicating that cell lysis and bound water release are not indispensable prerequisites for sludge deep-dewatering. Furthermore, it presents an encouraging prospect for overcoming the limitations associated with conventional sludge deep-dewatering processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wen-Hui Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yun-Yan Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin-Lin Ma
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiang-Nan Wu
- Fujian Haixia Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shun-Gui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xi-Qin Cui
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Hou-Feng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Ma D, Cheng S, Zhang Y, Ullah F, Ji G, Li A. Relation between hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of sludge extracellular polymeric substances and sludge moisture-holding capacity in hot-pressing drying. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170233. [PMID: 38246382 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sludge poses a serious threat to the environmental health. Hot-pressing drying has been proven efficient in sludge treatment because of the reduced thermal contact resistance, rapid increase in sludge temperature, and high drying rate. Sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) significantly influence moisture transfer. However, whether in hot-pressing or traditional thermal drying, the effect of EPS on sludge moisture-holding capacity is rarely reported. Thereby, this study investigated the relationship between hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of EPS and sludge moisture-holding capacity at various drying time and mechanical compression using XAD resin fractionation. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that sludge moisture desorption isotherms, net isosteric heat of desorption, and differential entropy presented a downward trend with the increase in drying time and mechanical compression, suggesting reduced sludge moisture-holding capacity. EPS analysis showed that at the same drying time, applying 25 kPa mechanical compression increased sludge temperature by 16 % and protein content by 13.8 %. At the same sludge temperature, protein content rose by 7.3 % compared to the drying without mechanical compression. It was concluded that the fast rise in sludge temperature and the mechanical extrusion facilitated the destruction of sludge microbial flocs, accelerating the release of intracellular and EPS-bound moisture and contributing to the decrease in moisture-holding capacity. Besides, tryptophan protein-like substances were the major source of hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic matter, compared to polysaccharide and humic acid-like substances. The gradually reduced sludge moisture-holding capacity was divided into three stages. Below 67 °C, the moisture desorption was dominated by the release of intracellular moisture. Below 85 °C, the increase in protein and the enhanced exposure of hydrophobic functional groups in protein improved the hydrophobicity of EPS. Above 85 °C, protein consumption due to thermal decomposition and browning reaction facilitated the desorption of EPS-bound moisture. Hence, this study provided novel insights into the mechanism of sludge drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiao Ma
- School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 Liaoning, China
| | - Shuo Cheng
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 S6-10 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yulin Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 Liaoning, China
| | - Fahim Ullah
- School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 Liaoning, China
| | - Guozhao Ji
- School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 Liaoning, China.
| | - Aimin Li
- School of Environmental Science & Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 Liaoning, China.
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Zhang YL, Zhang H, Liu WH, Sun P, Zheng SM, Gao YY, Zeng YP, Wang HF, Zeng RJ. Enhancing data reliability in quantitative characterization of moisture distribution in sludge using DSC: Impact of sample attributes and test parameters. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 346:119017. [PMID: 37738720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Exploring moisture distribution, especially bound water content, is vital for studying and applying sludge dewatering. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method has been extensively utilized for the quantitative characterization of moisture distribution in sludge. However, this method has certain limitations, such as low reproducibility of results, leading to controversial parameter values in different papers and hindering result comparison. In this study, we investigated the influence of key sample attributes on measuring sludge bound water using the DSC method.The findings demonstrated that the moisture content and mass of sludge samples substantially influenced the reproducibility and stability of DSC test results. To ensure data reliability, the moisture content of the sludge sample should be minimized and kept below 84%, with the mass not exceeding 10 mg. Compared to the influence of sludge moisture content and sample mass, the heating rate (1⁓5 °C/min) minimally affected DSC test results. This study offers a comprehensive insight into how sample attributes and test parameters affect the quantitative characterization of bound water in sludge using the DSC method. Furthermore, practical strategies are presented to enhance the method's applicability in sludge bound water characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wen-Hui Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shao-Ming Zheng
- Fujian Fiber Inspection Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Textiles Inspection Technology, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yun-Yan Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hou-Feng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Chang H, Zhao Y, Xu A, Damgaard A, Christensen TH. Mini-review of inventory data for the dewatering and drying of sewage sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:1081-1088. [PMID: 36633153 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221139170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Technological comparison and system modelling of sewage sludge treatment are important in terms of sustainable development and climate change mitigation. Dewatering and drying are important processes for reducing volume for transportation and often a requirement for further sludge treatment. Inventory data on mass transfers and material and energy consumptions are therefore crucial in improving and understanding sludge management systems. Reviewing the scientific literature (2003-2021) revealed 55 and 21 datasets on dewatering and drying of sewage sludge, respectively. The scarcity of data did not allow for identifying detailed relationships between inputs and outputs for the technologies, but the reviewed data can serve as the first port of call when planning sludge management. The average total solid (TS) content obtained was statistically different for mechanical dewatering (MDW), deep dewatering, bio-drying (BDR) and thermal drying (TDR). Loss of volatile solids (VS) during dewatering is barely described, but a substantial VS loss was observed for TDR (8%) and BDR (27%). The use of chemical agents in MDW showed typical values of 5-15 g kg-1 TS. The use of energy is low for MDW (average of 0.12 and 0.26 kWh kg-1 TS for raw and digested sludges, respectively) but substantially higher for TDR (average of 3.8 kWh kg-1 TS). The justified inventory data for sludge dewatering and drying provide essential support to system modelling and technological comparison in future studies, but additional data from full-scale plants on energy consumption and the composition of removed water are strongly requested to improve the inventory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ankun Xu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Anders Damgaard
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas H Christensen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Jiang L, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Huang Z, Huang J, Wu Z, Zhang X, Qin X, Li H. Effects of Magnetic Biochar Addition on Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4278. [PMID: 36901321 PMCID: PMC10001653 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a low-cost additive to anaerobic digestion (AD), magnetic biochar (MBC) can act as an electron conductor to promote electron transfer to enhance biogas production performance in the AD process of sewage sludge and has thus attracted much attention in research and industrial applications. In the present work, Camellia oleifera shell (COS) was used to produce MBC as an additive for mesophilic AD of sewage sludge, in order to explore the effect of MBC on the mesophilic AD process and its enhancement mechanism. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) further confirmed that biochar was successfully magnetized. The yield of biogas from sewage sludge was enhanced by 14.68-39.24% with the addition of MBC, and the removal efficiency of total solid (TS), volatile solids (VS), and soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) were 28.99-46.13%, 32.22-48.62%, and 84.18-86.71%, respectively. According to the Modified Gompertz Model and Cone Model, the optimum dosage of MBC was 20 mg/g TS. The maximum methane production rate (Rm) was 15.58% higher than that of the control reactor, while the lag-phase (λ) was 43.78% shorter than the control group. The concentration of soluble Fe2+ and Fe3+ were also detected in this study to analyze the function of MBC for improving biogas production performance from sewage sludge. The biogas production was increased when soluble Fe3+ was reduced to soluble Fe2+. Overall, the MBC was beneficial to the resource utilization of COS and showed a good prospect for improving mesophilic AD performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhongliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zijian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
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6
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Zhu L, Tao H, Dai X, Dong B, Zhang W. Impact of hydrophilic functional groups of macromolecular organic fractions on food waste digestate dewaterability. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116722. [PMID: 36372037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
:Deterioration of dewaterability is one of challenges faced by anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW). The underlying mechanism of the effect of AD on digestate dewaterability remains unclear. Thus, the effect of hydrophilic functional groups of macromolecular organic on FW digestate dewaterability in different stages during AD was studied. Results showed that the dewaterability first improved at the acidification stage, and then worsened at the gasification and stabilization stages. The correlations between normalized capillary suction time (NCST), bound moisture (BM) and extracellular protein (extra-PN) were significant (R = 0.736, p < 0.05, R = 0.637, p < 0.05). Macromolecular extra-PN that enhance the bonding between organic fractions and moisture via peptide bonds. In addition, carbonyl, phenolic and amide groups increased after AD, resulting in the enhancement of the digestate hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the evolution of microbial community during AD resulting in the wrapping of BM by increased organic fractions. Therefore, higher organic fractions with hydrophilic functional groups in digestate strongly hinder moisture removal. The findings obtained deepen our understanding of hydrophilic functional groups of macromolecular organic affecting FW digestate dewaterability and provide strong supports to treatment and disposal of FW digestate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- School of Environment and Architecture. University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Hong Tao
- School of Environment and Architecture. University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture. University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, PR China.
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7
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Lin F, Li B. Changes of network structure and water distribution in sludge with the stratified extraction of extracellular polymeric substances. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48648-48660. [PMID: 35195865 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The water in sludge is trapped within the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) with gelatinous structure, greatly challenging the sludge deep dewatering. In this paper, the effect of the EPS viscoelasticity and the structural characteristics of sludge flocs on water distribution was revealed to provide a highly efficient approach in research on sludge dewatering. After biological, and physical method conditioning, the change of viscoelasticity and sludge network structure before/after EPS extraction was comprehensively explored, together with the sludge dewaterability and water distribution. The results suggested the proportion of capillary water and adsorption water carried in soluble EPS (S-EPS) was 59.17% and 40.83%, and that in tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) was 54.77% and 45.23%, respectively. By contrast, the capillary water in loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) accounted for as high as 99.99%. In comparison with raw sludge, adsorption water proportion in TB-EPS and S-EPS was reduced after lysozyme (LZM) or freezing-thaw conditioning, which was ascribed to reduction of EPS viscosity and the weakness of water adsorption capacity. Additionally, the sludge yield stress (τy) value first reduced and then increased with the extraction of EPS. Meanwhile, the consistency coefficient (k) also decreased from 4.23 Pa·sn to 0.006 Pa·sn and then slightly increased after LZM conditioning. This observation indicated the sludge system became sensitive to shearing, and its network structural strength as well as colloid elasticity first weakened and then slightly strengthened. In addition, after LZM or freezing-thaw conditioning, the sludge particle size significantly increased after TB-EPS extraction, while the sludge particle more easily absorbed water molecules, thereby increasing adsorption water and capillary water within the sludge flocs. This phenomenon also resulted in an increasing trend of capillary suction time (CST) after TB-EPS extraction, indicating the deterioration of sludge filtration performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Zhang W, Dong B, Dai X, Dai L. Enhancement of sludge dewaterability via the thermal hydrolysis anaerobic digestion mechanism based on moisture and organic matter interactions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149229. [PMID: 34325135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is known that sludge dewaterability improves during the thermal hydrolysis process (THP); however, the effect of thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion (THP-AD) on sludge dewaterability is unclear. Further, the difference between thermal hydrolysis as pre-treatment for anaerobic digestion (pre-THP-AD) and as post-treatment (post-THP-AD) is also unclear. Based on the evolution of the interaction between organic matter and moisture, the mechanism of pre-THP-AD and post-THP-AD improving the sludge dewaterability was explored. The capillary suction time values of pre-THP-AD and post-THP-AD increased by 58% and 59%, respectively, and the proportion of free moisture increased by 10.44% and 10.59%, respectively, compared with the conventional anaerobic digestion (CAD) process. The cell structure was destroyed and most organic matter was converted into dissolved form through THP, organic matter degraded during AD, the interaction between moisture and organic matter declined, and the mechanically bound moisture transformed into free moisture. Additionally, the intensity of hydrophilic functional groups, such as amide I decreased and amide II disappeared after (pre- and post-) THP-AD. The surface hydrophobicity of sludge samples was enhanced and sludge dewaterability improved. The mechanism of pre-/post-THP-AD enhanced sludge dewaterability based on the interaction between moisture and organic matter; additionally, this will provide a reference for optimised moisture-sludge separation processes and guidance for the optimisation of engineering operation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, PR China
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Lingling Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Zhang Q, Zeng L, Fu X, Pan F, Shi X, Wang T. Comparison of anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and sludge at different mixing ratios at thermophilic and mesophilic temperatures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125425. [PMID: 34157435 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to assess the effects of the mixing ratio on the methane production and digestate dewaterability of co-digestion of pig manure (P) and sludge (S). Batch experiments were carried out at five different P/S mixing ratios at mesophilic and thermophilic temperatures. Compared to sludge anaerobic digestion, co-digestion of pig manure with sludge increased methane yield 83.0%-136.5% at mesophilic temperature and 31.3%-68.0% at thermophilic temperature. The normalized capillary suction time (NCST) and total solids (TS) of sediment (centrifugal dewatering) increased when pig manure proportion of substrate increased. The NCST at thermophilic temperatures (4.87-17.58 s g-1-TSS) was higher than that at mesophilic temperatures (1.89-10.95 s g-1-TSS). However, the TS of sediment was close at thermophilic and mesophilic temperatures. The results indicated that anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure and sludge at a proper mixing ratio (P/S = 2:1) provides a good choice for energy recovery and land utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfang Zhang
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Liyuan Zeng
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry (Jiujiang University), Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry (Jiujiang University), Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Xi'an Scientific Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Tianfeng Wang
- College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China; Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical Industry (Jiujiang University), Jiujiang 332005, China.
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10
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Pulse Electric Field Technology for Wastewater and Biomass Residues’ Improved Valorization. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Development and adoption of more efficient and robust technologies for reuse of wastewater embedded resources, in particular materials and energy, is becoming an unavoidable necessity. Among many emerging technologies in the sector of wastewater treatment residuals valorization, Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) processes have shown interesting potential, although they have not yet entered the sector’s mainstream as a consolidated commercial technology, as in other industrial applications, such as the food, medical, and bio-based industries. PEF is a non-thermal technology suitable to biological applications, involving gentle cell disintegration and enhanced cell membrane permeability and as such applicable to disinfection, sterilization, and to those processes that benefit from an enhanced extraction of organic compounds from biological matter, such as anaerobic digestion, biological processes for recovery of nutrients, and biorefinery of cell-embedded compounds. PEF technology applications in wastewater/biomass residues management are reported and advantages, drawbacks, and barriers of the technology are discussed in this paper.
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11
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Gong L, Yang X, You X, Wang J, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Yang J. Explore the effect of Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) on anaerobic digestion of sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:1542-1551. [PMID: 31560610 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1673829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With their wide application, some nanomaterials entering into the environment and made effects in many ways. Different concentrations of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were added (0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 mg/L) in this study, the changes of substance in three stages of anaerobic digestion (AD) were explored, the optimal dosage of Fe3O4 NPs was finally found. The results showed that the 200 mg/L Fe3O4 NPs could better promote the decomposition of organic matter than the other groups, the protein and polysaccharide degradation rate reached to 99.75% and 83.14%, respectively. In the acidogenesis stage, the acetic acid concentration reached up to 692.88 mg/L, increased by 31.8% compared with the control group. Fe3O4 NPs had also been proved to increase VFAs, finally made the methane content reach to 92.22%. The variation of coenzyme F420 had also been described in this research, the highest value was 1.83 Umol/g VS. These results showed that the different concentrations of Fe3O4 NPs had different effects on anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gong
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang You
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Yang
- College of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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Park M, Kim N, Jung S, Jeong TY, Park D. Optimization and comparison of methane production and residual characteristics in mesophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge by hydrothermal treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128516. [PMID: 33038733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is the preferred method for treating sewage sludge because of its ability to reduce sludge volume and produce biogas. However, conventional anaerobic digestion has a long retention time and low degradation rate. In recent years, hydrothermal treatment has been used to improve the hydrolysis of sewage sludge and biogas production. This process tends to focus on maximizing biogas production. However, very little research has been done on anaerobic digestion residues. In this study, batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of hydrothermal temperature on methane production and the contents of liquid fraction after anaerobic digestion (centrate). Experimental conditions were designed using a response surface method and central composite model. A quadratic equation was used to interpret the individual and interactive effects of hydrothermal conditions on anaerobic digestion. Given the maximum biogas production and the minimum concentrate concentration, the optimal operating condition was determined by a 186 °C hydrothermal temperature and a reaction time of 106 min. Under these conditions, the following results could be obtained: methane production (200.5 ± 7.7 mL-CH4/gVSadded), TCOD (16,572 ± 348 mg/L), sCOD (1240 ± 65 mg/L), sTN (658.9 ± 8.0 mg/L) and ammonia (525 ± 27 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Munsik Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Namgyu Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Jeong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju, 26493, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang W, Dai X, Dong B, Dai L. New insights into the effect of sludge proteins on the hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties that improve sludge dewaterability during anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115503. [PMID: 32035278 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymer proteins have been reported to play an important role in enhancing sludge dewaterability during anaerobic digestion in our previous study. However, how the proteins in sludge determine sludge dewaterability remains to be determined. In this work, proteins from digested sludge were identified using label free proteomics analysis, and its hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity properties and functional groups were analysed. We determined that the microbial community variation between the three stages during the anaerobic digestion process was responsible for enhancing sludge dewaterability; The transformation from hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity of digested sludge surface is the result of functional groups distribution variation which caused by the proteins and microbial communities. This study provides a new insight into the development of anaerobic digestion based on sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Bin Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Lingling Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering. Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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14
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Liu X, Wang J, Liu E, Yang T, Li R, Sun Y. Municipal sludge dewatering properties and heavy metal distribution: Effects of surfactant and hydrothermal treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136346. [PMID: 31923688 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role in reducing moisture content and removing heavy metals from municipal sludge. In this study, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and primary alcohol ethoxylate (AEO9) were used to prepare complex surfactants. Municipal sludge was treated with mixed surfactants and hydrothermal treatment (HTT) to test the sludge dewatering and heavy metal adsorption performance of EPS treated with varying proportions and contents of surfactants. The results showed that EPS with different proportions had different adsorption capacities for major heavy metals in sludge was 20.48%-29.82%. The adsorption capacity of EPS on heavy metals is significantly positively correlated with protein content (R2 = 0.9266, P = .00). There is no significant correlation between polysaccharides (R2 = 0.0092, P = .00) and nucleic acids (R2 = 0.0638, P = .00) and heavy metal adsorption capacity. Combined treatment of 10% CTAB, 15% AEO9, and HTT produced the minimal bound water content in treated sludge, zeta potential increased by 49.2 mV and sludge specific resistance is only 0.66% of the raw sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingshuang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Design Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering. Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan
| | - Enhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy of Liaoning, College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, PR China
| | - Tianhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy of Liaoning, College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, PR China
| | - Rundong Li
- Key Laboratory of Clean Energy of Liaoning, College of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, PR China
| | - Yifei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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15
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Ruhyadi R, Chen Y, Shen N, Yan W, Liang Z, Wang H, Wang G. Multiple uses of magnesium chloride during waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121792. [PMID: 31325839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple uses of magnesium chloride during waste activated sludge (WAS) alkaline fermentation was investigated. The results revealed that a higher MgCl2 concentration inhibited acidogenesis, while the purity of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) improved and the maximum percentage of VFAs accounted for 52.92% (w/w) of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) at 120 mmol/L Mg2+. A phosphate removal efficiency of 81.22% was obtained at 15 mmol/L MgCl2 concentration, while only a 14.77% increase was observed when further MgCl2 was added (120 mmol/L MgCl2). Capillary suction time (CST) values decreased sharply from 4410.20 s to 207.30 s with the increase of MgCl2. A similar trend was observed in bound water and the minimum value was 85.56 ± 0.06%. The distribution of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and rheological profiles of the fermented sludge were also analyzed and the results confirmed that a high MgCl2 concentration had a positive effect on sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roby Ruhyadi
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; Solid Waste Reduction Section, Environmental Agency of Bogor Regency, Bogor Regency, West Java 16911, Indonesia
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Shen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yan
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Liang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Huofeng Wang
- Centre of Biological Wastewater Treatment and Resource Recovery, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.
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